CN116126440A - Three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display method and device - Google Patents
Three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional data display method and device of a three-dimensional scene, wherein a quadtree established in a three-dimensional space stores coordinate data of a geographic position of a current scene model area, a quadtree node in a camera visual range is searched in the quadtree according to the visual range of the camera, data under all the quadtree nodes in the camera visual range are loaded according to display data scaling corresponding to a display level area, and the loaded data are converted into a corresponding three-dimensional model to be displayed in the three-dimensional scene. The data in the visible range of the camera and the data outside the visible range of the hidden camera are displayed, so that the data volume of one-time rendering is reduced, meanwhile, the data displayed at present is aggregated again according to the height difference of the camera, and the displayed three-dimensional data is loaded according to the scaling, so that the performance problem caused by displaying a large amount of three-dimensional data in a three-dimensional scene is solved, and the data bearing capacity and the running efficiency of the three-dimensional display software are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of three-dimensional data processing technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for displaying three-dimensional data of a three-dimensional scene.
Background
When a three-dimensional Engine such as Unity3D and Unreal Engine is used for developing a large three-dimensional scene, if a scene model is on a plane above ten millions, the displayed smoothness is obviously reduced, and at the moment, if large three-dimensional data is dynamically loaded again and rendered in the scene, the software performance is seriously affected, and an obvious katon phenomenon is caused. After the three-dimensional data is loaded, the three-dimensional data is required to be converted into a corresponding three-dimensional model to be displayed in a three-dimensional scene, the three-dimensional data is required to be called by a GPU to draw a three-dimensional data model image and draw the image into the scene picture in the conversion display process, and at the moment, if a large amount of data is called at the same time, the rendering performance of software and the calculation efficiency of a CPU are seriously affected. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the performance problem caused by displaying a large amount of three-dimensional data in a three-dimensional scene, so as to improve the data bearing capacity and the running efficiency of the three-dimensional display software.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a three-dimensional data display method and device for a three-dimensional scene, which are used for solving the performance problem caused by displaying a large amount of three-dimensional data in the three-dimensional scene and improving the data bearing capacity and the operation efficiency of three-dimensional display software.
In view of this, the first aspect of the present invention provides a three-dimensional data display method for a three-dimensional scene, including:
s1, creating a quadtree in a three-dimensional space through an XZ coordinate system;
s2, recording XZ axis coordinates of three-dimensional data of the geographic position of the current scene model area into a quadtree;
s3, traversing each quadtree node from high to low in the quadtree according to the visual range of the camera, and searching the quadtree nodes in the visual range of the camera;
s4, in the current scene model area, dividing a display level area according to the camera height;
s5, loading all data under the quadtree nodes in the visible range of the camera according to the display data scaling of the display level region;
s6, converting the data after loading into corresponding three-dimensional models, and displaying the corresponding three-dimensional models in the three-dimensional scene.
Optionally, step S6 further includes:
and S7, judging whether the camera rotates, if so, re-determining the visual range of the camera, and returning to the step S3.
Optionally, traversing each quadtree node from high to low in the quadtree according to the camera's visual range, finding the quadtree node within the camera's visual range includes:
according to the visual range of the camera, searching a node bounding box in the visual range of the camera from a root node in the quadtree;
if the current node bounding box is in the space formed by six faces of the camera, the current node bounding box and all bottom bounding boxes of the current bounding box are node bounding boxes in the visual range of the camera, if the current node bounding box is intersected with any one of the six faces of the camera, four child node bounding boxes of the current bounding box are obtained, whether the four child node bounding boxes are intersected with the six faces of the camera is judged, until the bottommost node is found, and all obtained child node bounding boxes intersected with the six faces of the camera are used as node bounding boxes in the visual range of the camera;
and obtaining the quadtree nodes in the camera visual range according to the node bounding box in the camera visual range.
Optionally, the presentation hierarchical region includes seven presentation hierarchical regions from high to low.
Optionally, the display data scaling of the seven display hierarchy areas from high to low is in order: 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a three-dimensional data display device for a three-dimensional scene, comprising:
the four-way tree creation module is used for creating a four-way tree in a three-dimensional space through an XZ coordinate system;
the storage module is used for recording XZ axis coordinates of the three-dimensional data of the geographic position of the current scene model area into the quadtree;
the searching module is used for traversing each quadtree node from high to low in the quadtree according to the visual range of the camera and searching the quadtree nodes in the visual range of the camera;
the display level dividing module is used for dividing a display level area according to the height of the camera in the current scene model area;
the loading module is used for loading all data under the quadtree nodes in the visible range of the camera according to the display data scaling of the display level region;
the data display module is used for converting the data which are loaded into corresponding three-dimensional models and displaying the corresponding three-dimensional models in the three-dimensional scene.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and the judging module is used for judging whether the camera rotates, if so, the visual range of the camera is determined again, and the camera jumps to the searching module.
Optionally, the search module is specifically configured to:
according to the visual range of the camera, searching a node bounding box in the visual range of the camera from a root node in the quadtree;
if the current node bounding box is in the space formed by six faces of the camera, the current node bounding box and all bottom bounding boxes of the current bounding box are node bounding boxes in the visual range of the camera, if the current node bounding box is intersected with any one of the six faces of the camera, four child node bounding boxes of the current bounding box are obtained, whether the four child node bounding boxes are intersected with the six faces of the camera is judged, until the bottommost node is found, and all obtained child node bounding boxes intersected with the six faces of the camera are used as node bounding boxes in the visual range of the camera;
and obtaining the quadtree nodes in the camera visual range according to the node bounding box in the camera visual range.
Optionally, the presentation hierarchical region includes seven presentation hierarchical regions from high to low.
Optionally, the display data scaling of the seven display hierarchy areas from high to low is in order: 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%.
From the above technical scheme, the three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display method and device provided by the invention have the following advantages:
according to the three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display method provided by the invention, coordinate data of the geographic position of the current scene model area is stored in the four-way tree established in the three-dimensional space, four-way tree nodes in the camera visual range are searched in the four-way tree according to the camera visual range, all data under the four-way tree nodes in the camera visual range are loaded according to the display data scaling corresponding to the display level area, and then the loaded data are converted into the corresponding three-dimensional model to be displayed in the three-dimensional scene. The data in the visible range of the camera and the data outside the visible range of the hidden camera are displayed, so that the data volume of one-time rendering is reduced, meanwhile, the data displayed at present is aggregated again according to the height difference of the camera, and the displayed three-dimensional data is loaded according to the scaling, so that the rendering efficiency is improved, the performance problem caused by displaying a large amount of three-dimensional data in a three-dimensional scene is solved, and the data bearing capacity and the running efficiency of the three-dimensional display software are improved.
Meanwhile, the visual area of the camera is changed by rotating the angle of the camera, then the quadtree nodes in the visual range of the camera are redetermined, all data under the quadtree nodes in the visual range of the camera are dynamically loaded according to the display data scaling of the display level area, the loaded data are converted into corresponding three-dimensional models to be displayed in a three-dimensional scene, the dynamic change visual display of the three-dimensional data of the current scene model area is realized, and the software running efficiency and interactive experience are improved.
According to the three-dimensional data display method of the three-dimensional scene, after the three-dimensional data display is optimized, the running efficiency of software can be improved, the interaction experience is improved, the smoothness of the software is enhanced, more data types can be carried, display types are enriched, and the cleanliness of scene images is improved.
The three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display device provided by the invention is used for executing the three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display method provided by the invention, and the principle and the obtained technical effect are the same as those of the three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display method provided by the invention, and are not repeated herein.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other related drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a three-dimensional data display method of a three-dimensional scene provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a quadtree data structure provided in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the camera's field of view;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the camera's field of view;
FIG. 5 is another flow chart of a three-dimensional data display method for a three-dimensional scene provided by the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional data display device for a three-dimensional scene provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
For ease of understanding, referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of a three-dimensional data display method for a three-dimensional scene is provided in the present invention, including:
The three-dimensional coordinate system of the three-dimensional space is a left-hand coordinate system, the front is a positive Z-axis direction, the right is a positive X-axis direction, and the upper is a positive Y-axis direction. The quadtree is created on the ground plane, i.e., in an XZ two-dimensional coordinate system, and the depth (i.e., the height of the quadtree in the Y-axis) can be set depending on the particular scene. After the quad-tree is created, there are four sub-areas on each node (except the last layer) of the quad-tree, as shown in fig. 2, each node of the quad-tree is a Bounds (bounding box), the Bounds records the information (center point and width and height) of the current node, the Bounds of each node of the quad-tree contains four sub-Bounds (except the lowest layer of the quad-tree, only one Bounds is at the lowest layer of the quad-tree), and the current X-Z space is divided by the Bounds records. The bounding box contains certer (center point, three-dimensional vector) and size (bounding box size, three-dimensional vector). The root bounding box (bounding box of the highest node of the quadtree) certer is the center point (0, 0) in the three-dimensional scene, x and z in the size record the maximum and high of the current bounding box respectively, and the y value defaults to 0. A bounding box has four sub-bounding boxes: upper left, lower left, upper right, lower right. All dots in fig. 2 are center points of the current quadtree node bounding box (only a portion is shown in fig. 2, other bounding boxes are not shown).
And 102, recording XZ axis coordinates of the three-dimensional data of the geographic position of the current scene model area into a quadtree.
It should be noted that, the XZ axis coordinates in the three-dimensional data of the geographic position of the current scene model area are recorded into the quadtree, and the quadtree node records the center point of the current node, and the length and width of the current node area. All three-dimensional data are stored in the lowest node bounding box of the quadtree (a set (List) is created), each node bounding box of the quadtree has own size and center, so that all three-dimensional data are compared with the size and center of the node bounding box according to own coordinates and then put in the List in the lowest node bounding box in a corresponding range.
It should be noted that, the three-dimensional scene shows a picture rendered based on the camera, so that the data can be rendered in batches according to the visual field range of the camera. The spatial extent that a camera in a three-dimensional scene can see is determined by the near clipping plane (Near Clipping Plane), the far clipping plane (Far Clipping Plane), and the field angle FOV (Field ofVew) of the camera, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. In fig. 3 and 4, the spatial range (the space formed by 6 planes of gray parts) surrounded by the planes defined by the near clipping plane, the far clipping plane, and the fov is the scene content that can be seen by the camera, i.e., the visible range. Traversing each quadtree node from high to low in the quadtree according to the camera's visual range, searching the quadtree nodes in the camera's visual range and recording. Specifically, starting from the root node of the quadtree, the root node bounding box is used for judging six faces of the camera, and three results are obtained: 1) The current node bounding box is visible in the space formed by six faces of the camera, and then the current node bounding box and all the lowest bounding boxes are taken and recorded. 2) The method comprises the steps that a current node bounding box is intersected with one of six faces of a camera, the current node bounding box is determined to be intersected with a visual space, four child node bounding boxes of the current node bounding box are acquired at the moment, whether the four child node bounding boxes are intersected with the six faces of the camera or not is judged, according to the method, the lowest node is always found, all child node bounding boxes intersected with the 6 faces of the camera are acquired, and the child node bounding boxes are recorded. 3) The current node bounding box is outside the space formed by the six faces of the camera, is invisible, and the current node is discarded. Thus, all node bounding boxes within the camera's visual range may be obtained, determining quadtree nodes within the camera's visual range.
The camera height is the height of the current camera from the ground plane (ground plane y=0). In the current scene model area, the display level area is divided according to the camera height, and the display level area is used as the basis of the current node data display data size. The display level region is partitioned according to maximum height, and the specific partition can be customized. Such as: the camera height is 6000m, can divide the display level region to be: 6000m, 4000m, 2000m, 1000m, 500m, 200m, 50m.
It should be noted that, in the display level region with the maximum height of 0-500, the display level region is divided into a plurality of small levels, and each level defines an aggregation factor (for example, when the height of the camera from the ground is greater than 6000, the aggregation factor is 10%, when the height of the camera from the ground is 6000-4000, the aggregation factor is 30%, when the height of the camera from the ground is 4000-2000, the aggregation factor is 50%, when the height of the camera from the ground is 2000-1000, the aggregation factor is 70%, when the height of the camera from the ground is 1000-500, the aggregation factor is 80%, when the height of the camera from the ground is 500-200, the aggregation factor is 90%, when the height of the camera from the ground is 200-50, the aggregation factor is 100%), and the aggregation factor is the display data scaling. All data under the quadtree nodes in the camera's visual range are loaded according to the presentation data scaling, for example, if the current presentation data scaling is 30%, 30% (random fetch) of all data under the quadtree nodes in the camera's visual range are acquired for loading.
And 106, converting the loaded data into a corresponding three-dimensional model and displaying the corresponding three-dimensional model in the three-dimensional scene.
After the data is loaded, the data is converted into a corresponding three-dimensional model and displayed in a three-dimensional scene.
According to the three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display method provided by the invention, coordinate data of the geographic position of the current scene model area is stored in the four-way tree established in the three-dimensional space, four-way tree nodes in the camera visual range are searched in the four-way tree according to the camera visual range, all data under the four-way tree nodes in the camera visual range are loaded according to the display data scaling corresponding to the display level area, and then the loaded data are converted into the corresponding three-dimensional model to be displayed in the three-dimensional scene. The data in the visible range of the camera and the data outside the visible range of the hidden camera are displayed, so that the data volume of one-time rendering is reduced, meanwhile, the data displayed at present is aggregated again according to the height difference of the camera, and the displayed three-dimensional data is loaded according to the scaling, so that the rendering efficiency is improved, the performance problem caused by displaying a large amount of three-dimensional data in a three-dimensional scene is solved, and the data bearing capacity and the running efficiency of the three-dimensional display software are improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, after step 106, further includes:
and 107, judging whether the camera rotates, if so, re-determining the visual range of the camera, and returning to the step 103.
It should be noted that, when the camera is rotated, the visual area of the camera will change according to the rotation angle, at this time, the visual nodes in the calculated quadtree will also change, so when the camera rotates, the quadtree nodes in the visual range of the camera need to be redetermined according to the new visual area, and then according to the display data scaling of the display level area, all the data under the quadtree nodes in the visual range of the camera are dynamically loaded, and the loaded data are converted into corresponding three-dimensional models and displayed in the three-dimensional scene. Therefore, the visual display of the dynamic change of the three-dimensional data of the current scene model area can be realized, and the software running efficiency and interactive experience are improved.
For ease of understanding, referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of a three-dimensional data display device for a three-dimensional scene is provided in the present invention, including:
the four-way tree creation module is used for creating a four-way tree in a three-dimensional space through an XZ coordinate system;
the storage module is used for recording XZ axis coordinates of the three-dimensional data of the geographic position of the current scene model area into the quadtree;
the searching module is used for traversing each quadtree node from high to low in the quadtree according to the visual range of the camera and searching the quadtree nodes in the visual range of the camera;
the display level dividing module is used for dividing a display level area according to the height of the camera in the current scene model area;
the loading module is used for loading all data under the quadtree nodes in the visible range of the camera according to the display data scaling of the display level region;
the data display module is used for converting the data which are loaded into corresponding three-dimensional models and displaying the corresponding three-dimensional models in the three-dimensional scene.
Further comprises:
and the judging module is used for judging whether the camera rotates, if so, the visual range of the camera is determined again, and the camera jumps to the searching module.
The searching module is specifically used for:
according to the visual range of the camera, searching a node bounding box in the visual range of the camera from a root node in the quadtree;
if the current node bounding box is in the space formed by six faces of the camera, the current node bounding box and all bottom bounding boxes of the current bounding box are node bounding boxes in the visual range of the camera, if the current node bounding box is intersected with any one of the six faces of the camera, four child node bounding boxes of the current bounding box are obtained, whether the four child node bounding boxes are intersected with the six faces of the camera is judged, until the bottommost node is found, and all obtained child node bounding boxes intersected with the six faces of the camera are used as node bounding boxes in the visual range of the camera;
and obtaining the quadtree nodes in the camera visual range according to the node bounding box in the camera visual range.
The presentation hierarchical region includes seven presentation hierarchical regions from high to low.
The display data scaling of the seven display level regions from high to low is in turn: 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%.
The three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display device provided by the invention is used for executing the three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display method provided by the invention, and the principle and the obtained technical effect are the same as those of the three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display method provided by the invention, and are not repeated herein.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display method, characterized by comprising:
s1, creating a quadtree in a three-dimensional space through an XZ coordinate system;
s2, recording XZ axis coordinates of three-dimensional data of the geographic position of the current scene model area into a quadtree;
s3, traversing each quadtree node from high to low in the quadtree according to the visual range of the camera, and searching the quadtree nodes in the visual range of the camera;
s4, in the current scene model area, dividing a display level area according to the camera height;
s5, loading all data under the quadtree nodes in the visible range of the camera according to the display data scaling of the display level region;
s6, converting the data after loading into corresponding three-dimensional models, and displaying the corresponding three-dimensional models in the three-dimensional scene.
2. The three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data presentation method according to claim 1, further comprising, after step S6:
and S7, judging whether the camera rotates, if so, re-determining the visual range of the camera, and returning to the step S3.
3. The three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data presentation method according to claim 1, wherein traversing each quadtree node from high to low in the quadtree according to the camera's visual range, finding the quadtree node within the camera's visual range comprises:
according to the visual range of the camera, searching a node bounding box in the visual range of the camera from a root node in the quadtree;
if the current node bounding box is in the space formed by six faces of the camera, the current node bounding box and all bottom bounding boxes of the current bounding box are node bounding boxes in the visual range of the camera, if the current node bounding box is intersected with any one of the six faces of the camera, four child node bounding boxes of the current bounding box are obtained, whether the four child node bounding boxes are intersected with the six faces of the camera is judged, until the bottommost node is found, and all obtained child node bounding boxes intersected with the six faces of the camera are used as node bounding boxes in the visual range of the camera;
and obtaining the quadtree nodes in the camera visual range according to the node bounding box in the camera visual range.
4. The three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data presentation method according to claim 1, wherein the presentation hierarchical region includes seven presentation hierarchical regions from high to low.
5. The three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data display method according to claim 4, wherein the display data scaling of the seven display level areas from high to low is: 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%.
6. A three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data presentation device, characterized by comprising:
the four-way tree creation module is used for creating a four-way tree in a three-dimensional space through an XZ coordinate system;
the storage module is used for recording XZ axis coordinates of the three-dimensional data of the geographic position of the current scene model area into the quadtree;
the searching module is used for traversing each quadtree node from high to low in the quadtree according to the visual range of the camera and searching the quadtree nodes in the visual range of the camera;
the display level dividing module is used for dividing a display level area according to the height of the camera in the current scene model area;
the loading module is used for loading all data under the quadtree nodes in the visible range of the camera according to the display data scaling of the display level region;
the data display module is used for converting the data which are loaded into corresponding three-dimensional models and displaying the corresponding three-dimensional models in the three-dimensional scene.
7. The three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data presentation device of claim 6, further comprising:
and the judging module is used for judging whether the camera rotates, if so, the visual range of the camera is determined again, and the camera jumps to the searching module.
8. The three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data presentation device of claim 6, wherein the search module is specifically configured to:
according to the visual range of the camera, searching a node bounding box in the visual range of the camera from a root node in the quadtree;
if the current node bounding box is in the space formed by six faces of the camera, the current node bounding box and all bottom bounding boxes of the current bounding box are node bounding boxes in the visual range of the camera, if the current node bounding box is intersected with any one of the six faces of the camera, four child node bounding boxes of the current bounding box are obtained, whether the four child node bounding boxes are intersected with the six faces of the camera is judged, until the bottommost node is found, and all obtained child node bounding boxes intersected with the six faces of the camera are used as node bounding boxes in the visual range of the camera;
and obtaining the quadtree nodes in the camera visual range according to the node bounding box in the camera visual range.
9. The three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data presentation device of claim 6, wherein the presentation hierarchical region comprises seven presentation hierarchical regions from high to low.
10. The three-dimensional scene three-dimensional data presentation device of claim 9, wherein the presentation data scales of the seven presentation level areas from high to low are in order: 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%.
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