CN116125913A - TCP/IP-based numerical control machine tool communication system and working method - Google Patents
TCP/IP-based numerical control machine tool communication system and working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116125913A CN116125913A CN202310147510.0A CN202310147510A CN116125913A CN 116125913 A CN116125913 A CN 116125913A CN 202310147510 A CN202310147510 A CN 202310147510A CN 116125913 A CN116125913 A CN 116125913A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/414—Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller
- G05B19/4142—Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller characterised by the use of a microprocessor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
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- G05B2219/34—Director, elements to supervisory
- G05B2219/34013—Servocontroller
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tool communication, and particularly relates to a TCP/IP-based numerical control machine tool communication system, which comprises a numerical control machine tool and a numerical control system for controlling the operation of the numerical control machine tool, wherein a network interface module positioned on the numerical control system is electrically connected with a network interface module arranged on a CNC network communication expansion unit, the CNC network communication expansion unit further comprises an MCU (micro control unit) electrically connected with the network interface module, the MCU is further electrically connected with an RS485 interface module and a DC-DC (direct current-direct current) as well as an encoder interface module, an analog input module, an analog output module, an output interface module and an input interface module which are electrically connected with the MCU, an encoder is externally connected with the encoder through the encoder interface module, an analog sensor is externally connected with analog control related equipment through the analog output module. The invention can realize the free interaction of the data between the numerical control machine tool and other external equipment and improve the expansibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tool communication, and particularly relates to a numerical control machine tool communication system based on TCP/IP and a working method.
Background
The numerical control machine tool also belongs to one of industrial mother machines, and is widely applied to the field of mechanical processing.
During the use of a numerical control machine tool, besides the self machine tool body, various matched parts or other equipment are externally connected to fully exert the machine tool performance and realize the functions of industrial interconnection and the like, and the expansion of the numerical control machine tool and external parts is limited.
Problems of the prior art:
the reserved expansion interfaces of the modern numerical control machine tool are various, but the use is still inconvenient, the special interfaces are required to be opened for increasing the cost and the same brand, imported accessories are too high in price and too long in time, the universal interfaces are unstable in communication and are easy to be interfered, communication data are slow, the number of the interfaces is limited, and the interfaces are eliminated from the numerical control machine tool, so that the standard allocation can be cancelled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a TCP/IP-based numerical control machine tool communication system and a working method, which can realize free data interaction between a numerical control machine tool and other external equipment and improve expansibility.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a communication system of a numerical control machine tool based on TCP/IP comprises the numerical control machine tool and a numerical control system for controlling the operation of the numerical control machine tool;
the network interface module positioned on the numerical control system is electrically connected with a network interface module arranged on the CNC network communication expansion unit;
wherein, CNC network communication expands the unit and still includes
The MCU is electrically connected with the network interface module, and is also electrically connected with the RS485 interface module and the DC-DC;
the encoder interface module is externally connected with an encoder, the analog quantity sensor is externally connected with the analog quantity input module, the analog quantity control related equipment is externally connected with the analog quantity output module, and the external industrial equipment is externally connected with the output interface module and the input interface module;
the external equipment is also connected with the CNC network communication expansion unit through a Modbus protocol;
in addition, the network interface module is connected with network equipment through a TCP/IP protocol;
the network interface module is also connected with a network interface module on the numerical control system;
the network interface module of the numerical control system performs data communication acquisition on the additional shaft through the CNC network communication expansion unit;
the network interface module of the numerical control system is used for controlling network equipment arranged on the numerical control machine tool and carrying out data communication acquisition.
The numerical control system comprises a CPU unit, a storage unit, a PLC controller and other unit components which are electrically connected with an RS232 interface and a network interface module.
The encoder transmits the encoded signals generated by the encoder to the numerical control machine tool through the encoder interface module.
A working method of a numerical control machine tool communication system based on TCP/IP comprises the following steps:
s1, executing written NC programs by the numerical control system, and storing instruction data needing to call external equipment into a storage unit, wherein when the numerical control machine operates, the data of the operating state of the numerical control machine is also stored into the storage unit;
s2, when the numerical control machine tool works, the CNC network communication expansion unit accesses the storage unit through the network interface module and the network interface, and if new data and instruction update exist in the special data storage defined by the storage unit, the data are downloaded to the CNC network communication expansion unit;
s3, the CNC network communication expansion unit downloads instructions or data through a network interface module and then analyzes the data through the MCU;
s4, after being analyzed by the MCU, the instruction of the external equipment is called, the MCU can send the content of the instruction to the appointed external equipment or the part by contrasting with the corresponding interface, then the instruction is prefabricated by the CNC network communication expansion unit, the MCU in the CNC network communication expansion unit can operate according to the prefabricated program logic, and the external equipment and the part are called through the RS232 interface, the analog output module and the output interface module.
S5, after the external equipment or the component finishes the instruction action or when data or signals need to be fed back, the external equipment or the component firstly sends the data to the CNC network communication expansion unit through various external interfaces of the CNC network communication expansion unit;
and S6, after the MCU processes the feedback data according to the program, the feedback data is written into the storage unit through the network interface module and the network interface.
And S7, the CPU unit obtains feedback data or external instructions of the external equipment and the components according to the updating of the data of the storage unit.
According to step S7, a numerical control machine tool is set to call an additional shaft rotation method:
a. the numerical control system executes G90 according to the programmed machining NC program;
b. the CPU unit writes instruction data G90 into a storage unit designated storage position;
c. the MCU continuously scans the fixed position of the storage unit through the network interface module and the network interface, and when the storage unit designates the storage angle data position to be updated from 0 degrees to 90 degrees, the CNC network communication expansion unit receives a rotation instruction;
d. the MCU edits the value of 90 degrees according to a specified format, and sends the value to external equipment and an additional shaft driver through an RS485 interface module in a Modbus protocol;
e. after the additional shaft driver receives the angle instruction, the additional shaft is driven to rotate from 0 degree to 90 degrees by controlling the motor;
f. after the additional shaft driver finishes the rotation instruction, feeding back rotation finishing information to the MCU through the RS485 interface module;
g. the MCU writes the rotation completion value to the designated position of the storage unit through the network interface module to the network interface according to the specified data coding format.
The number of additional shaft arrangements includes at least one.
The invention has the technical effects that:
according to the invention, through the CNC network communication expansion unit, a plurality of driving motors with network communication functions can be directly connected with the numerical control machine tool through the TCP/IP, a plurality of additional shafts can be added to the numerical control machine tool, and as the numerical control machine tool is added with the additional shafts, the additional work of clamping and moving machines can be reduced, the product yield is increased, the machining efficiency is improved, multiple-surface machining can be realized after one-time clamping of a workpiece, and the machining capacity of the numerical control machine tool is enlarged.
According to the invention, the numerical control machine tool can realize that a single interface is connected with various and a plurality of external devices or sensors through the CNC network communication expansion unit, so that the cost caused by modifying the numerical control machine tool is reduced.
According to the invention, other industrial equipment, an upper computer and a server can be connected to the numerical control machine tool through the CNC network communication expansion unit, so that a hardware foundation is provided for realizing industrial interconnection of factories, and the expansibility is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a numerical control machine system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a CNC network communication expansion unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples below in order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the following text is intended to describe only one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not limit the scope of the invention strictly as claimed.
Each symbol in the present application represents:
CNC: a method for controlling machine tool movement and its processing course by using digital signal:
AI: analog quantity input:
AO: analog quantity output;
DO: a digital switch output;
DI: digital switch input:
modbus: is a serial communication protocol:
I/O unit, input/output unit;
the RS232 interface is one of the common serial communication interface standards;
MCU: a micro control unit;
RS485 interface: a meter communication interface;
DC-DC: a transducer;
TCP/IP protocol: a protocol cluster capable of implementing information transmission between a plurality of different networks;
and (3) a PLC controller: a programmable logic controller.
During the use of a numerically-controlled machine tool, besides the numerically-controlled machine tool body, various matched parts or other equipment are externally connected to the numerically-controlled machine tool body to fully exert the machine tool performance and realize the functions of industrial interconnection, for example: if the number of the standard three-axis numerical control machine tool is increased to five, two rotating shafts are additionally connected; if the industrial robot is matched with automatic feeding and discharging and on-line detection of machined parts, the numerical control machine tool is connected with the industrial robot, various detection sensors and other parts to coordinate the work.
Further, the external equipment or component interfaces reserved after the general numerical control machine tool leaves the factory are as follows:
1. is a special custom interface; such interfaces are typically interfaces developed by manufacturers of numerical control systems used in numerical control machines, such as bus interfaces, but there are certain limitations in use, such as: the method has the advantages that rights are opened for manufacturers of the numerical control system, components or equipment of the same brand of the numerical control system are purchased and can be used only when the rights are paid, but the components are replaced by other brands of numerical control systems and are not used, so that the problems of high cost and no universality are caused;
2. an I/O port; the I/O port is a universal standard interface in the numerical control industry, and referring to connection between the numerical control system and the external I/O interface device and connection between the numerical control system and the external serial port device in fig. 1, the numerical control system is connected to the external I/O interface device through the I/O unit, and the numerical control system further includes an RS232 interface for connecting to the external serial port device, but the use of the I/O port has a great limitation, such as: the I/O ports cannot transmit a large amount of data, only can transmit signal information of on or off, the number of the used interfaces is limited, and one machine tool cannot reserve too many I/O ports;
3. a serial port; the serial port is a universal standard interface in the numerical control industry, but the serial port is easy to interfere, the problems of limited data transmission quantity and the like are eliminated by numerical control system manufacturers, and a subsequent numerical control machine tool may not be marked with the serial port any more;
4. a net opening; the numerical control machine tool is marked with a network port and is used for data acquisition of the numerical control machine tool, uploading and downloading of a numerical control machine tool program, remote diagnosis and remote operation, and software issued by a numerical control system manufacturer is required to be purchased by using the functions, but the functions cannot be used for realizing expansion and use of external parts.
According to the structure, the reserved expansion interfaces of the modern numerical control machine tool have various types, but have various inconveniences in use, such as a special interface: the price is increased by opening permission, the same brand is needed, if the same type of accessories are imported or the original factory accessories are too high in price, the time is too long, and the universal interface is as follows: unstable communication, easy interference, slow communication data, limited number of interfaces, possible elimination of standard allocation of the numerical control machine tool when the interfaces are eliminated, and the like.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a method and a system for communication of a numerically-controlled machine tool based on TCP/IP, so as to implement free data interaction between the numerically-controlled machine tool and other external devices, and the specific test mode is as follows:
the external equipment comprises a robot, a frequency converter, a servo driver, a sensor and an upper computer.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a communication system of a numerically-controlled machine tool based on TCP/IP and a working method thereof, which comprises the numerically-controlled machine tool, a numerically-controlled system for controlling the operation of the numerically-controlled machine tool, and a network interface module located on the numerically-controlled system, wherein the network interface module arranged on a CNC network communication expansion unit is connected with an electrical signal.
The CNC network communication expansion unit further comprises an MCU electrically connected with the network interface module, the MCU is further electrically connected with the RS485 interface module and the DC-DC, the encoder interface module, the analog input module, the analog output module, the output interface module and the input interface module are electrically connected with the MCU, the encoder is externally connected with the encoder interface module, the analog sensor is externally connected with the encoder interface module, analog control related equipment is externally connected with the encoder interface module, the output interface module and the input interface module are externally connected with external industrial equipment, and the external equipment is further connected with the CNC network communication expansion unit through a Modbus protocol.
In addition, the network interface module is connected with the network equipment through a TCP/IP protocol, the network interface module is also connected with the network interface module on the numerical control system, the network interface module of the numerical control system is used for carrying out data communication acquisition on the additional shaft through the CNC network communication expansion unit, and the network interface module of the numerical control system is used for controlling the network equipment arranged on the numerical control machine tool and carrying out data communication acquisition.
The network communication module of the numerical control system is used for connecting an external network, and then the external equipment can be connected through the network, so that the connection diversity is improved, and the expansibility is improved.
The CNC network communication expansion unit can be used across various numerical control system platforms, so that a numerical control machine tool is not limited by various interfaces and is directly connected with various external devices for use.
The network interface module is used for expanding the network communication module of the unit, can be simultaneously connected with a numerical control machine tool and various related devices using network interfaces and can be used as a terminal to be connected with upper equipment, and can also download an upper computer program through a network to update the built-in function of the CNC network communication expansion unit and promote expansibility.
The output interface module and the input interface module can also be used for being externally connected with various I/O port devices and various sensors and industrial devices with I/O interfaces, so that the applicability and expansibility can be improved.
In addition, the analog sensor may be other feedback devices.
The numerical control system comprises a CPU unit, a storage unit, a PLC controller and other unit components which are electrically connected with an RS232 interface and a network interface module.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the encoder transmits the encoded signal generated by the encoder to the numerically-controlled machine tool through the encoder interface module, and the working method of the numerically-controlled machine tool communication system is as follows:
a working method of a numerical control machine tool communication system based on TCP/IP comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that S1, a numerical control system executes written NC programs, instruction data of external equipment to be called are stored in a storage unit, data of the running state of a numerical control machine tool are also stored in the storage unit when the numerical control machine tool runs, the external equipment comprises an additional shaft, feeding and discharging equipment and other matched equipment, and the mentioned running state data comprise running position information and running speed information;
s2, when the numerical control machine works, the CNC network communication expansion unit accesses the storage unit through the network interface module and the network interface, and if new data and instruction update exist in the special data storage defined by the storage unit, the data are downloaded to the CNC network communication expansion unit;
s3, the CNC network communication expansion unit downloads instructions or data through a network interface module and then analyzes the data through the MCU;
s4, after being analyzed by the MCU, the instruction of the external equipment is called, the MCU can send the content of the instruction to the appointed external equipment or the part by contrasting with the corresponding interface, then the instruction is prefabricated by the CNC network communication expansion unit, the MCU in the CNC network communication expansion unit can operate according to the prefabricated program logic, and the external equipment and the part are called through the RS232 interface, the analog output module and the output interface module.
And S5, after the external equipment or the component finishes the instruction action or when data or signals need to be fed back, the external equipment or the component firstly sends the data to the CNC network communication expansion unit through various external interfaces of the CNC network communication expansion unit.
And S6, after the MCU processes the feedback data according to the program, the feedback data is written into the storage unit through the network interface module and the network interface.
And S7, the CPU unit obtains feedback data or external instructions of the external equipment and the components according to the updating of the data of the storage unit.
According to step S7, a numerical control machine tool is set to call an additional shaft rotation method:
a. the numerical control system executes G90 according to the programmed machining NC program;
b. the CPU unit writes instruction data G90 into a storage unit designated storage position;
c. the MCU continuously scans the fixed position of the storage unit through the network interface module and the network interface, and when the storage unit designates the storage angle data position to be updated from 0 degrees to 90 degrees, the CNC network communication expansion unit receives a rotation instruction;
d. the MCU edits the value of 90 degrees according to a specified format, and sends the value to external equipment and an additional shaft driver through an RS485 interface module in a Modbus protocol;
e. after the additional shaft driver receives the angle instruction, the additional shaft is driven to rotate from 0 degree to 90 degrees by controlling the motor;
f. after the additional shaft driver finishes the rotation instruction, feeding back rotation finishing information to the MCU through the RS485 interface module;
g. the MCU writes the rotation completion value to the designated position of the storage unit through the network interface module to the network interface according to the specified data coding format.
In addition, in order to promote the expansibility of digit control machine tool, additional axle sets up quantity and includes at least one.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the CNC network communication expansion unit is used for enabling various driving motors with network communication functions to be connected with the numerical control machine tool through TCP/IP, adding a plurality of additional shafts for the numerical control machine tool, and expanding and connecting various cross-numerical control system platforms through the CNC network communication expansion unit and the network interface module and the RS485 interface module.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention. Structures, devices and methods of operation not specifically described and illustrated herein, unless otherwise indicated and limited, are implemented according to conventional means in the art.
Claims (6)
1. A TCP/IP based numerically controlled machine tool communication system comprising:
the numerical control system is used for controlling the running of the numerical control machine tool;
the network interface module positioned on the numerical control system is electrically connected with a network interface module arranged on the CNC network communication expansion unit;
wherein, CNC network communication expands the unit and still includes
The MCU is electrically connected with the network interface module, and is also electrically connected with the RS485 interface module and the DC-DC;
the encoder interface module is externally connected with an encoder, the analog quantity sensor is externally connected with the analog quantity input module, the analog quantity control related equipment is externally connected with the analog quantity output module, and the external industrial equipment is externally connected with the output interface module and the input interface module;
the external equipment is also connected with the CNC network communication expansion unit through a Modbus protocol;
in addition, the network interface module is connected with network equipment through a TCP/IP protocol;
the network interface module is also connected with a network interface module on the numerical control system;
the network interface module of the numerical control system performs data communication acquisition on the additional shaft through the CNC network communication expansion unit;
the network interface module of the numerical control system is used for controlling network equipment arranged on the numerical control machine tool and carrying out data communication acquisition.
2. The TCP/IP based numerically controlled machine tool communication system of claim 1, wherein: the numerical control system comprises a CPU unit, a storage unit, a PLC controller and other unit components which are electrically connected with an RS232 interface and a network interface module.
3. The TCP/IP based numerically controlled machine tool communication system of claim 2, wherein: the encoder transmits the encoded signals generated by the encoder to the numerical control machine tool through the encoder interface module.
4. A method of operating a TCP/IP based numerically controlled machine tool communication system according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
s1, executing written NC programs by the numerical control system, and storing instruction data needing to call external equipment into a storage unit, wherein when the numerical control machine operates, the data of the operating state of the numerical control machine is also stored into the storage unit;
s2, when the numerical control machine works, the CNC network communication expansion unit accesses the storage unit through the network interface module and the network interface, and if new data and instruction update exist in the special data storage defined by the storage unit, the data are downloaded to the CNC network communication expansion unit;
s3, the CNC network communication expansion unit downloads instructions or data through a network interface module and then analyzes the data through the MCU;
s4, after being analyzed by the MCU, the instruction of the external equipment is called, the MCU can send the content of the instruction to the appointed external equipment or the part by contrasting with the corresponding interface, then the instruction is prefabricated by the CNC network communication expansion unit, the MCU in the CNC network communication expansion unit can operate according to the prefabricated program logic, and the external equipment and the part are called through the RS232 interface, the analog output module and the output interface module.
S5, after the external equipment or the component finishes the instruction action or when data or signals need to be fed back, the external equipment or the component firstly sends the data to the CNC network communication expansion unit through various external interfaces of the CNC network communication expansion unit;
and S6, after the MCU processes the feedback data according to the program, the feedback data is written into the storage unit through the network interface module and the network interface.
And S7, the CPU unit obtains feedback data or external instructions of the external equipment and the components according to the updating of the data of the storage unit.
5. The working method of the TCP/IP-based numerical control machine communication system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: according to step S7, a numerical control machine tool is set to call an additional shaft rotation method:
a. the numerical control system executes G90 according to the programmed machining NC program;
b. the CPU unit writes instruction data G90 into a storage unit designated storage position;
c. the MCU continuously scans the fixed position of the storage unit through the network interface module and the network interface, and when the storage unit designates the storage angle data position to be updated from 0 degrees to 90 degrees, the CNC network communication expansion unit receives a rotation instruction;
d. the MCU edits the value of 90 degrees according to a specified format, and sends the value to external equipment and an additional shaft driver through an RS485 interface module in a Modbus protocol;
e. after the additional shaft driver receives the angle instruction, the additional shaft is driven to rotate from 0 degree to 90 degrees by controlling the motor;
f. after the additional shaft driver finishes the rotation instruction, feeding back rotation finishing information to the MCU through the RS485 interface module;
g. the MCU writes the rotation completion value to the designated position of the storage unit through the network interface module to the network interface according to the specified data coding format.
6. The working method of the TCP/IP-based numerical control machine communication system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the number of additional shaft arrangements includes at least one.
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