CN116125725A - Preparation method and application of sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
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- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 iodate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
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Abstract
The application discloses a preparation method and application of a sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device. The present application provides NaVO 2 (IO 3 ) 2 (H 2 O) refractive index of crystal and dispersion equation thereof, naVO 2 (IO 3 ) 2 (H 2 O) crystal realizing I-type and II-type phase matching directions of laser frequency multiplication with different wavelengths, and NaVO 2 (IO 3 ) 2 (H 2 O) crystal cutting according to phase matching directionThe laser frequency doubling device is manufactured. The laser frequency doubling function can be realized, the near infrared band laser is converted into the visible band laser, the phase matching can be realized, the frequency doubling conversion of a 1064nm laser source can be effectively realized, the 532nm laser output can be generated, and the current commercialized application BBO, LBO, CLBO, KDP, KTP frequency doubling device can be replaced. Has good practical application value in the technical field of laser.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a preparation method and application of a sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device, and belongs to the technical field of laser and nonlinear optics.
Background
An optical device which is prepared based on a nonlinear optical crystal and can realize the laser frequency doubling conversion function is called a laser frequency doubling device. The laser frequency doubling device can be used for expanding the laser light source of the mature solid laser in the near infrared band direction to the visible and ultraviolet band direction, so that the wavelength range of the laser light source is greatly widened, and the requirements of different practical applications are met. Therefore, frequency doubling devices have become an important core device for advanced laser technology.
Currently, the commercial laser frequency doubling devices applied to near infrared-visible-ultraviolet band mainly comprise beta-BaB 2 O 4 (BBO)、LiB 3 O 5 (LBO)、CsLiB 6 O 10 (CLBO)、KH 2 PO 4 (KDP)、KTiOPO 4 (KTP) and the like. However, these crystals have certain disadvantages, such as larger running angle of BBO crystals, weaker LBO and KDP frequency doubling effects, easier deliquescence of CLBO crystals, easier formation of ash mark effect of KTP crystals, and the like. Therefore, the development of the laser frequency doubling device based on the novel crystal material has important practical application value.
Sodium vanadium iodate crystal is one example of novel iodate compound with non-central symmetry structure reported in 2010, and the molecular formula of the novel iodate compound is NaVO 2 (IO 3 ) 2 (H 2 O) is crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2 1 The powder frequency doubling effect measured by the method is 20 times of that of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP), and the powder frequency doubling effect is a novel nonlinear optical crystal material with great application prospect (Chinese patent invention ZL200910112278.7 and journal papers Chemistry of Materials,2010,22,1545-1550). Subsequently, the growth process of the large-size sodium vanadium iodate crystal is remarkably developed, and the large-size high-quality sodium vanadium iodate crystal can be successfully grown by adopting a hydrothermal kettle, wherein the crystal size exceeds two centimeters (Chinese patent application ZL 201110350974.9). However, frequency doubling devices based on sodium vanadium iodate crystals have not been reported to date.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at developing a sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device, determines the refractive index of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal, calculates the phase matching direction of realizing frequency doubling conversion by lasers with different wavelengths based on refractive index data, determines the cutting processing method of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device, and further prepares the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device, and successfully realizes the laser frequency doubling conversion.
According to one aspect of the application, a method for preparing a sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device is provided, wherein the method provides key refractive index data, and then a phase matching direction for realizing an effective frequency doubling process can be calculated.
The preparation method of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring the principal axis refractive index of a sodium vanadium iodate crystal, determining the relative orientation of an optical coordinate system and a crystallographic coordinate system of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal, and fitting to obtain a refractive index dispersion equation;
the principal refractive indices at wavelengths of 0.473 μm, 0.532 μm, 0.6328 μm, 1.064 μm and 1.338 μm are:
wherein n is x 、n y 、n z Three principal refractive indices, lambda is the wavelength,
is the included angle between the z axis of the principal refractive index axis and the crystallographic c axis;
the relative orientation of the optical coordinate system (x, y, z) and the crystallographic coordinate system (a, b, c) of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal is: the x-axis is parallel to the b-axis, the y-axis and the z-axis lie in a crystallographic (010) plane, and the angles between the z-axis and the c-axis correspond to 3.17 °, 2.80 °, 2.51 °, 2.47 °, 2.11 ° for wavelengths of 0.473 μm, 0.532 μm, 0.6328 μm, 1.064 μm and 1.338 μm, respectively;
the refractive index dispersion equation is:
wherein lambda is wavelength and the unit is mu m;
s2, calculating to obtain I-type and II-type phase matching curves of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal according to the data of the step S1, and determining a phase matching direction;
s3, cutting and polishing the sodium vanadium iodate crystal according to the phase matching direction to prepare the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device.
Optionally, in step S1, using the measured principal axis refractive index experimental value, performing least square fitting according to a Sellmeier equation to obtain a Sellmeier coefficient, and determining a refractive index dispersion equation of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal.
Optionally, in step S1, the sodium vanadium iodate crystal is cut and processed into a right-angle triangular prism-shaped Littrow prism, and an auto-collimation method is adopted to perform the principal axis refractive index test.
Optionally, cutting and processing the sodium vanadium iodate crystal into two right-angle triangular prism-shaped Littrow prisms, wherein the right-angle backlight surfaces of the prisms 1 and 2 are respectively parallel to crystal surfaces (100) and (010) of crystallography, polishing the inclined surfaces and the backlight surfaces, and further plating a gold-plated reflective film on the backlight surfaces; the two refractive indices, which are exactly parallel to the b-axis and the c-axis, were obtained by testing with prism 1 and the two refractive indices, which are perpendicular to the b-axis, were obtained by testing with prism 2.
Optionally, in step S2, the method includes:
s21, according to the refractive index dispersion equation of S1, calculating to obtain three main refractive indexes n of the fundamental frequency light and the frequency doubling light respectively 1x 、n 1y ,n 1z And n 2x 、n 2y ,n 2z ；
S22, substituting main refractive indexes of fundamental frequency light and frequency doubling light into a refractive index curved surface equation of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal to correspondingly obtain refractive index curved surface equations of the fundamental frequency light and the frequency doubling light, wherein the refractive index curved surface equations are respectively as follows:
wherein θ is the polar angle, and the light propagation direction k is the angle with the z-axis;
the angle between the projection of k on the xy plane and the x axis is the azimuth angle;
s23, a group of
Substituting the angle into the refractive index curved surface equation of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal to obtain the corresponding base frequency light and frequency multiplication light along +.>
Refractive index of fast light and slow light of determined propagation direction +.>
And
s24, calculating refractive indexes of fast light and slow light of fundamental frequency light and frequency doubling light when the light propagates in different directions, and screening out the light meeting frequency doubling 2ω 1 ＝ω 2 The propagation direction of the process phase matching condition, i.e. the phase matching angle
The frequency multiplication phase matching conditions corresponding to different phase matching modes are respectively as follows:
class I matching:
class II matching:
wherein s and f represent slow light and fast light, respectively;
s25, all phase matching angles meeting the phase matching condition
Forming a phase matching curve;
s26, calculating to obtain phase matching curves of different wavelength frequency multiplication conversion processes based on the thought of S21-S25.
Sodium vanadium iodate crystals belong to biaxial crystals, and the refractive index of the sodium vanadium iodate crystals can be described by adopting a refractive index curved surface (specific reference book literature, laser frequency conversion and expansion-practical nonlinear optical technology, li Gang, scientific press). The refractive index curved surface of the biaxial crystal is a double-shell curved surface, namely, the refractive index of two corresponding propagation modes along one propagation direction is called fast light n f And slow light n s (s and f represent slow and fast light, respectively). Based on the ideas of S21-S25, for the convenience of calculation, the program can be edited to use a computer for calculation.
Optionally, in step S2, the method includes:
S2A, obtaining a corresponding refractive index curved surface equation based on refractive index data with the wavelength of 1.064 mu m and 0.532 mu m;
S2B, calculating the refractive indexes of fast light and slow light of 0.532 mu m and 1.064 mu m when the light propagates along different directions, and screening out the light with the refractive indexes meeting the frequency doubling 2 omega 1 ＝ω 2 Direction of process phase matching conditions
Wherein θ is the polar angle, and the light propagation direction k is the angle with the z-axis;
the frequency multiplication phase matching conditions corresponding to different phase matching modes are respectively as follows:
class I matching:
class II matching:
wherein s and f represent slow light and fast light, respectively;
according to the calculation result, obtaining a phase matching curve corresponding to the frequency multiplication conversion process of 1.064 mu m to 0.532 mu m;
S2C, determining a phase matching direction:
at (θ=39.08 °,
) To (θ=27.05°, -a->
) In the range of (2), I-class phase matching of 1.064 mu m fundamental frequency light is realized;
at (θ=53.85 °,
) To (θ= 46.90 °,>
) In the range of (2), II-class phase matching of 1.064 mu m fundamental frequency light is realized.
In the invention, this step can be adopted to calculate the frequency multiplication phase matching condition of different fundamental frequency light wavelengths.
Optionally, in step S3, the method includes: cutting the sodium vanadium iodate crystal according to the phase matching angle of the class I according to the phase matching curve, finely polishing the two light-transmitting surfaces, and processing the light-transmitting length to be 1.0-20.0 mm to obtain a class I phase matching sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device;
according to the phase matching curve, cutting the sodium vanadium iodate crystal according to the phase matching angle II, finely polishing the two light-transmitting surfaces, and processing the light-transmitting length to be 1.0-20.0 mm to obtain the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device with phase matching II.
Optionally, the chemical formula of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal is NaVO 2 (IO 3 ) 2 (H 2 O)；
The sodium vanadium iodate crystal belongs to a monoclinic system.
In the method, the phase matching is calculated according to the refractive index dataThe cutting and polishing processing is carried out in the matching direction, and the error is within 1.0 degree, so that the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device can be obtained. Different phase matching directions can be selected according to actual conditions
As a preferred embodiment, the type I phase matching angle range for generating a laser output of 0.532 μm by frequency doubling of the input 1.064 μm is calculated from the refractive index data of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal at wavelengths of 0.532 μm and 1.064 μm (θ=39.08 °,
) To (θ=27.05°, -a->
)。
Specifically, the phase matching direction according to one of the type I phases (θ=39.0°,
) Cutting and polishing the sodium vanadium iodate crystal to obtain the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device capable of realizing the output of the laser with the frequency of 1.064 mu m input to generate the laser with the frequency of 0.532 mu m according to the I-type phase matching mode.
As yet another preferred embodiment, the type II phase matching angle range for generating a laser output of 0.532 μm by frequency doubling of the input 1.064 μm is calculated from the refractive index data of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal at wavelengths of 0.532 μm and 1.064 μm (θ=53.85 °,
) To (θ= 46.90 °,>
)。
specifically, the phase matching direction according to one of the type II phase matching directions (θ=53.80°,
) Cutting and polishing the sodium vanadium iodate crystal to obtain the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device capable of realizing the output of laser with the frequency of 0.532 mu m by inputting laser with the frequency of 1.064 mu m according to a type II phase matching mode.
According to a second aspect of the application, a sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device prepared by the preparation method is provided.
Optionally, the transmittance of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device in the wavelength range of 500 nm-1410 nm is more than 80%.
The sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device adopts sodium vanadium iodate crystal with high transmittance in the wavelength range of 500 nm-1410 nm, can meet the requirement of frequency doubling by near infrared laser in the wave band of 1000 nm-1410 nm, and realizes the laser output in the visible wave band of 500 nm-705 nm; particularly, the frequency multiplication conversion of a 1064nm laser source common to a mature solid-state laser can be met, and the 532nm laser output is generated. The sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device has important practical application value.
According to a third aspect of the present application, there is provided an application of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device prepared by the preparation method.
Optionally, the frequency multiplication conversion of the laser with the wave band of 1000 nm-1410 nm into the laser output with the wave band of 500 nm-705 nm is realized. The laser light source with the wavelength of 1000-1410 nm is used as fundamental frequency light, and the fundamental frequency light is incident to the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device processed according to the corresponding wavelength matching direction, so that frequency doubling conversion is effectively realized, and frequency doubling light with the wavelength of 500-705 nm is output.
Alternatively, frequency doubling conversion of the 1.064 μm band laser light to a 0.532 μm band laser output is achieved.
As a preferred embodiment, according to the class I phase matching direction (θ=39.0 °,
) The processed sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency multiplier effectively converts 1.064 mu m laser fundamental frequency light into 0.532 mu m frequency multiplication light output, and the energy conversion efficiency can reach 6%.
As a further preferred embodiment, according to the class II phase matching direction (θ=53.80 °,
) The processed sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency multiplier effectively converts 1.064 mu m laser fundamental frequency light into 0.532 mu m frequency multiplication light output, and the energy conversion efficiency can reach 8.1 percent.
According to the technical scheme disclosed by the application, a person skilled in the art has an incentive to select different light transmission areas or light transmission lengths by selecting fundamental frequency light with different wavelengths as an input light source and selecting different phase matching directions according to the actual production requirement so as to achieve an ideal technical effect.
The beneficial effects that this application can produce include:
according to the preparation method of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device, the refractive index of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal is measured, the phase matching directions of the frequency doubling conversion realized by lasers with different wavelengths are calculated based on refractive index data, the cutting processing method of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device is determined, and the key problem that the sodium vanadium iodate crystal is used as the frequency doubling device to realize practical application is solved. The prepared sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device has high transmittance in the wavelength range of 500-1410nm, can meet the requirement of frequency doubling of near infrared laser in the wave band of 1000-1410 nm, realizes the laser output in the visible wave band of 500-705 nm, can realize phase matching, can effectively realize the frequency doubling conversion of a 1064nm laser source, generates 532nm laser output, and can replace the current commercial application BBO, LBO, CLBO, KDP, KTP frequency doubling device. Therefore, the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device has good practical application value in the technical field of laser.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transmission spectrum of sodium vanadium iodate crystals; wherein, the inset is a sodium vanadium iodate crystal used for testing transmission spectrum.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the measured refractive index and refractive index dispersion curves of sodium vanadium iodate crystals; wherein the illustration is a schematic diagram of the relative orientation of the optical coordinate system and the crystalline coordinate system.
FIG. 3 is a phase matching curve of sodium vanadium iodate crystal for converting 1064nm fundamental frequency light into 532nm frequency doubling light.
Figure 4 is a graph of the phase matching direction by class I (θ=39.0,
) And a processed sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency multiplier.
Figure 5 is a graph of phase matching direction in class II (θ=53.80,
) And a processed sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency multiplier.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the variation of 532nm frequency-doubled light energy and frequency-doubled conversion efficiency with 1064nm fundamental frequency light energy output by a vanadium sodium iodate crystal frequency multiplier processed in the (39.0, 3.77) direction.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present application is not limited to these examples.
Unless otherwise indicated, all starting materials in the examples herein were purchased commercially, and experimental procedures were not specifically noted in the examples below, typically under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
Wherein, the sodium vanadium iodate crystal is prepared by adopting a method in ZL201110350974.9, and the chemical formula is NaVO 2 (IO 3 ) 2 (H 2 O), monoclinic system.
Among them, the auto-collimation refractive index test uses documents American Journal of Physics, 214 (2014); the method of operation of doi 10.1119/1.4834396.
Example 1 sodium vanadium iodate crystal transmission Spectroscopy test
Processing sodium vanadium iodate crystal into wafer parallel to crystallographic (100) crystal plane with size of 5×5×2mm 3 Double-sided polishing, testing with an ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrometer (PerkinElmer Lambda, 950)The transmission spectrum of the wafer. The transmittance spectrum is shown in Table 1, and the sodium vanadium iodate crystal has high transmittance in the wavelength range of 500-1410nm>80%) and the UV cut-off at 420nm.
Example 2 refractive index test of sodium vanadium iodate crystals
Cutting sodium vanadium iodate crystal into right-angle triangular prism-shaped Littrow prism, and carrying out refractive index test by adopting an auto-collimation method. Because the sodium vanadium iodate crystal belongs to a monoclinic system, two Littrow prisms need to be processed for testing. The right-angle backlight surfaces of the prism 1 and the prism 2 are respectively parallel to the (100) crystal face and the (010) crystal face of the crystallography, the inclined surface and the backlight surface are polished, and the backlight surface is further plated with a gold reflecting film. Five wavelengths of laser light of 0.473 μm, 0.532 μm, 0.6328 μm, 1.064 μm, and 1.338 μm were used as test light sources. The two refractive indices, which are offset in parallel to the b-axis and the c-axis, were obtained by testing with prism 1 and the two refractive indices, which are offset in perpendicular to the b-axis, were obtained by testing with prism 2. Combining the symmetry of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal, and further analyzing to obtain the relative orientation of an optical coordinate system (x, y, z) and a crystallographic coordinate system (a, b, c) of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal as follows: the x-axis is parallel to the b-axis, and the y-axis and z-axis lie in the crystalline (010) plane. Further, it was determined that the corresponding principal axis refractive indices at wavelengths of 0.473 μm, 0.532 μm, 0.6328 μm, 1.064 μm, and 1.338 μm were:
wherein n is x 、n y 、n z Three principal refractive indices, lambda is the wavelength,
is the angle between the z-axis of the principal refractive index axis and the crystallographic c-axis.
And (3) according to the measured principal axis refractive index, carrying out least square fitting according to a Sellmeier equation, and determining a Sellmeier coefficient. The fit was as follows using the Sellmeier equation:
wherein A, B, C, D are Sellmeier coefficients, and subscript i indicates different principal axis directions.
The Sellmeier coefficient obtained by fitting is:
the refractive index dispersion equation (i.e., the Sellmeier equation) for determining the sodium vanadium iodate crystal is:
where λ is the wavelength in μm. And further calculating to obtain a dispersion curve according to a dispersion equation. The refractive index measured experimentally matches the dispersion curve very well (as shown in figure 2).
Example 3 phase matching direction of frequency multiplication of sodium vanadium iodate crystals
Based on the refractive index data with the wavelength of 1.064 μm and 0.532 μm, the phase matching direction for realizing the frequency multiplication of 1.064 μm laser fundamental frequency light to generate 0.532 μm laser output is calculated by adopting a computer program. Phase matching direction
In which θ is the polar angle (i.e. the angle between the direction of propagation of light k and the z-axis),>
is the azimuth angle (i.e., the angle between the projection of k on the XOY plane and the x-axis). First, according to the measured wavelength of 0.532 muAnd the refractive index at m and 1.064 μm, a refractive index curved surface equation can be obtained. Then, the refractive indexes of fast light and slow light of 0.532 mu m and 1.064 mu m are calculated by adopting a computer editing program when the fast light and the slow light propagate along different directions, and the frequency doubling 2 omega is screened out 1 ＝ω 2 The direction of the process phase matching condition, i.e. +.>
The frequency multiplication phase matching conditions corresponding to different phase matching modes are respectively as follows:
class I matching:
class II matching:
wherein, the coincidence s and f respectively represent slow light and fast light;
and->
The refractive indexes of slow light and fast light at the wavelength of 1.064 mu m respectively;
And->
The refractive index of slow light and fast light at a wavelength of 0.532 μm, respectively.
From the calculation result, a phase matching curve corresponding to the frequency multiplication conversion process of 1.064 μm to 0.532 μm can be obtained (as shown in FIG. 3). At (θ=39.08 °,
) To (θ=27.05°, -a->
) Can realize I-type phase matching of 1.064 mu m fundamental frequency light; in (θ=53.85 °, -a->
) To (θ= 46.90 °,>
) Can realize class II phase matching of 1.064 mu m fundamental frequency light. Different phase matching directions can be selected according to the actual situation>
This step can also be used to calculate the frequency-doubled phase matching condition for different fundamental frequency light wavelengths. According to the fitted refractive index dispersion equation, the refractive indexes of 1338nm and 669nm are calculated, and then the phase matching direction of 1338nm frequency multiplication can be calculated.
Wherein, the computer programming adopts Matlab software, and the operation procedure is:
example 4 sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency multiplier device
According to the phase matching curve, the phase matching angle according to class I (θ=39.0°,
) Cutting the sodium vanadium iodate crystal, finely polishing the two light-transmitting surfaces, and processing the light-transmitting length to be 11mm to obtain a class I phase-matched sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device (shown in figure 4).
Example 5 sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency multiplier device
According to the phase matching curve, the phase matching angle according to class II (θ=53.80°,
) Cutting the sodium vanadium iodate crystal, finely polishing the two light-transmitting surfaces, and processing the light-transmitting length to be 6mm to obtain a class II phase-matched sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device (shown in figure 5).
Example 6 laser frequency doubling test of sodium vanadium iodate Crystal frequency doubling device
For phase matching angles according to class I (θ=39.0,
) And processing, namely carrying out an extra-cavity frequency doubling test on the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device with the light transmission length of 11 mm. YAG laser with wavelength of 1064nm, pulse width of 10ns and repetition frequency of 10Hz is used as light source. Along with the increase of the energy of the input 1064nm laser, the output energy of frequency multiplication 532nm and the conversion efficiency are continuously increased; when the input 1064nm laser energy is 30.1mJ, the frequency multiplication 532nm output energy reaches 2.43mJ, and the corresponding energy conversion efficiency is 8.1% (as shown in FIG. 6).
Example 7 laser frequency doubling test of sodium vanadium iodate Crystal frequency doubling device
For phase matching angles according to class II (θ=53.80,
) And processing, namely carrying out extra-cavity frequency doubling test on the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device with the light transmission length of 6 mm. YAG laser with wavelength of 1064nm, pulse width of 10ns and repetition frequency of 10Hz is used as light source. With the increase of the energy of the laser with input 1064nm, the output energy of 532nm with frequency multiplication and the conversion efficiency are continuousAn increase; when the input 1064nm laser energy is 47.9mJ, the frequency multiplication 532nm output energy reaches 3.21mJ, and the corresponding energy conversion efficiency is 6.7%.
The foregoing description is only a few examples of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application in any way, and although the present application is disclosed in the preferred examples, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art may make some changes or modifications to the disclosed technology without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, and the technical solution is equivalent to the equivalent embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, measuring the principal axis refractive index of a sodium vanadium iodate crystal, determining the relative orientation of an optical coordinate system and a crystallographic coordinate system of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal, and fitting to obtain a refractive index dispersion equation;
the principal refractive indices at wavelengths of 0.473 μm, 0.532 μm, 0.6328 μm, 1.064 μm and 1.338 μm are:
wherein n is x 、n y 、n z Three principal refractive indices, lambda is the wavelength,
is the included angle between the z axis of the principal refractive index axis and the crystallographic c axis;
the relative orientation of the optical coordinate system (x, y, z) and the crystallographic coordinate system (a, b, c) of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal is: the x-axis is parallel to the b-axis, the y-axis and the z-axis lie in a crystallographic (010) plane, and the angles between the z-axis and the c-axis correspond to 3.17 °, 2.80 °, 2.51 °, 2.47 °, 2.11 ° for wavelengths of 0.473 μm, 0.532 μm, 0.6328 μm, 1.064 μm and 1.338 μm, respectively;
the refractive index dispersion equation is:
wherein lambda is wavelength and the unit is mu m;
s2, calculating to obtain I-type and II-type phase matching curves of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal according to the data of the step S1, and determining a phase matching direction;
s3, cutting and polishing the sodium vanadium iodate crystal according to the phase matching direction to prepare the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, using the measured principal axis refractive index experimental value, a least square fitting is performed according to a Sellmeier equation to obtain a Sellmeier coefficient, and a refractive index dispersion equation of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal is determined.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the sodium vanadium iodate crystal is cut into a rectangular prism shape Littrow prism, and the principal axis refractive index test is performed by an auto-collimation method.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, it comprises:
s21, according to the refractive index dispersion equation of S1, calculating to obtain three main refractive indexes n of the fundamental frequency light and the frequency doubling light respectively 1x 、n 1y ,n 1z And n 2x 、n 2y ,n 2z ；
S22, substituting main refractive indexes of fundamental frequency light and frequency doubling light into a refractive index curved surface equation of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal to correspondingly obtain refractive index curved surface equations of the fundamental frequency light and the frequency doubling light, wherein the refractive index curved surface equations are respectively as follows:
wherein θ is the polar angle, and the light propagation direction k is the angle with the z-axis;
the angle between the projection of k on the xy plane and the x axis is the azimuth angle;
s23, a group of
Substituting the angle into the refractive index curved surface equation of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal to obtain the corresponding base frequency light and frequency multiplication light along +.>
Refractive index of fast light and slow light of determined propagation direction +.>
And->
S24, calculating refractive indexes of fast light and slow light of fundamental frequency light and frequency doubling light when the light propagates in different directions, and screening out the light meeting frequency doubling 2ω 1 ＝ω 2 The propagation direction of the process phase matching condition, i.e. the phase matching angle
The frequency multiplication phase matching conditions corresponding to different phase matching modes are respectively as follows:
class I matching:
(s+s→f)
class II matching:
(s+f→f)
wherein s and f represent slow light and fast light, respectively;
s25, all phase matching angles meeting the phase matching condition
Forming a phase matching curve;
s26, calculating to obtain phase matching curves of different wavelength frequency multiplication conversion processes based on the thought of S21-S25.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, it comprises:
S2A, obtaining a corresponding refractive index curved surface equation based on refractive index data with the wavelength of 1.064 mu m and 0.532 mu m;
S2B, calculating the refractive indexes of fast light and slow light of 0.532 mu m and 1.064 mu m when the light propagates along different directions, and screening out the light with the refractive indexes meeting the frequency doubling 2 omega 1 ＝ω 2 Direction of process phase matching conditions
Wherein θ is the polar angle, and the light propagation direction k is the angle with the z-axis;
the frequency multiplication phase matching conditions corresponding to different phase matching modes are respectively as follows:
class I matching:
(s+s→f)
class II matching:
(s+f→f)
wherein s and f represent slow light and fast light, respectively;
according to the calculation result, obtaining a phase matching curve corresponding to the frequency multiplication conversion process of 1.064 mu m to 0.532 mu m;
S2C, determining a phase matching direction:
at (θ=39.08 °,
) To (θ=27.05°, -a->
) In the range of (2), I-class phase matching of 1.064 mu m fundamental frequency light is realized;
at (θ=53.85 °,
) To (θ= 46.90 °,>
) In the range of (2), II-class phase matching of 1.064 mu m fundamental frequency light is realized.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, it comprises: cutting the sodium vanadium iodate crystal according to the phase matching angle of the class I according to the phase matching curve, finely polishing the two light-transmitting surfaces, and processing the light-transmitting length to be 1.0-20.0 mm to obtain a class I phase matching sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device;
according to the phase matching curve, cutting the sodium vanadium iodate crystal according to the phase matching angle II, finely polishing the two light-transmitting surfaces, and processing the light-transmitting length to be 1.0-20.0 mm to obtain the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device with phase matching II.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the sodium vanadium iodate crystal has a chemical formula of NaVO 2 (IO 3 ) 2 (H 2 O)；
The sodium vanadium iodate crystal belongs to a monoclinic system.
8. The sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device of claim 8, wherein the transmittance of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device is >80% in the wavelength range of 500 nm-1410 nm.
10. The use of the sodium vanadium iodate crystal frequency doubling device prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that the frequency doubling conversion of the laser with the wave band of 1000nm to 1410nm into the laser output with the wave band of 500nm to 705nm is realized;
preferably, frequency doubling of the 1.064 μm wavelength laser to a 0.532 μm wavelength laser output is achieved.
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