CN1161249A - Compact type magnetic air separation tech. with high efficiency and low energy consumption - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a technology for separating oxygen and nitrogen from air. The aim of said invention is to obtain oxygen and nitrogen effectively with low energy consumption. Said invention utilizes such special property of molecular oxygen that in magnetic field the molecular oxygen will be strongly affected by the attraction force, which is enchanced along with the enhancement of the product of magnetic field strength and magnetic field gradient. Emphasis must be specially placed on great extension of the active interface between air and high attractive magnetic field. The bound thin-plate permanent magnet with variation of thnickness is one of the suitable permanent magnetic material of said invention.

Description

The compact efficient low-energy consumption magnetic force air separating technique art

The present invention relates to from air, obtain the technology of oxygen and nitrogen, particularly relevant magnetic air separation tech.Adopt the technology of the present invention, can under the condition of normal temperature and pressure, compactly, efficiently, less energy-consumption obtain oxygen-rich air and nitrogen-rich air, also can be used for compactly, efficiently, less energy-consumption obtain purity oxygen and pure nitrogen gas.

Obtain oxygen and nitrogen from air, method commonly used now has three kinds, and they are cryogenic rectification method, pressure swing adsorption process and membrane separation technique.Cryogenic rectification method is to utilize that the boiling point difference between the gaseous fraction such as oxygen and nitrogen realizes rectifying separation in the liquefied air, and this method developing history is of a specified duration, technology maturation.Pressure swing adsorption process is to utilize molecular sieve that oxygen in the air and nitrogen budgets adsorptive capacity are had nothing in common with each other, and by changing system pressure, realizes the circulation of absorption and desorption process, reaches oxygen and nitrogen separation purpose.Membrane separation technique is to utilize the film with selective permeation function, under the ambient pressure effect, makes airborne oxygen and nitrogen selectively by membrane interface, reaches the air separation purpose.Cryogenic rectification method and pressure swing adsorption process technology maturation, gas production rate height, but equipment complexity, the process cost height is controlled loaded down with trivial details; Though and membrane separation technique equipment is simple, operate also simply, make the film difficulty, the work-ing life of film is also shorter, and resistance was big when gas-permeable passed through film, and the gas-permeable flux is little, gas production rate is little, in addition, membrane separation plant is bulky, is unfavorable for using, in a word, technical can't be satisfactory.Three kinds of above-mentioned air separating methods, energy expenditure is all than higher, with the lower slightly membrane separation technique of energy consumption comparatively speaking wherein is example, " membrane science and technology " magazine 1989 the 1st phases the 39th page to 41 pages introductions according to No. 508 " membrane science and technology " editorial offices publication in Chinese Duanjiatan, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, and, the Chinese magazine of editing and publishing according to No. 108 Jilin Province institutes of scientific-technical information in Stalin street, Chinese Changchun " science and technology of Japan " the 3rd phase in 1986 the 25th page to the 26th page introduction, produce 12 liters of oxygen level with membrane sepn oxygen-enriching device per minute and be about 30% to 40% oxygen-rich air, required consumed power power is about 300 watts to 340 watts, the size of the membrane sepn oxygen-enriching device that this example relates to is about long 70 centimetres, wide 40 centimetres, high 80 centimetres, the weight of this device is about 100 kilograms.

Except previously described three kinds of air separating methods commonly used, other has and a kind ofly carries out the method for air separation with magnetic force, and it is a special property of having utilized oxygen can be attracted consumingly in magnetic field.Scientific and Technical Information Institute of China edits according to Beijing, the 36th page to 37 pages of " the external techwatch " that Beijing scientific and technical literature press publishes the 1st phases in 1988, and, the International Department of China Newspaper Office of Patent Right edits, " world inventions " 1989 the 6th phases the 6th page to the 8th page introduction that Beijing China Newspaper Office of Patent Right publishes, patent documentations such as Japanese Patent Publication 42-15361 have showed that a kind of ambient magnetic separates oxygenerating technology, principle and device that this ambient magnetic separates oxygenerating technology are such: make in cylindrical container of air admission, inwall at this cylindrical container inwardly is being arranged in order permanent-magnet block group and electromagnet group from nozzle, feeding strong current makes each electro-magnet keep strong magnetic field, when air flows in cylindrical container through out-of-date, airborne oxygen molecule, since well-known can be by the character of magnetic field suction, by magnetic field suction near permanent-magnet block that is placed in the cylindrical container inner wall surface and electro-magnet, like this, staying near the air of cylindrical container inner axes is exactly the anoxybiotic nitrogen-rich air, and the air of close cylindrical container inwall, it is exactly oxygen-rich air, so, in a not too big space, mainly be the high-intensity magnetic field that utilizes electro-magnet, make airborne oxygen and nitrogen separation.Use this device, can obtain oxygen-rich air and nitrogen-rich air simultaneously, and, it is not too big to take up room, but, need to consume a large amount of electric energy and keep the high magnetic field intensity that produces by electromagnet group, simultaneously, also must manage to solve electromagnet group because of the heating, the intensification problem that produce by big electric current, these weak points make this oxygenerating technology be restricted on using; The weak point of this technique device also is, though in this technique device, used some permanent-magnet blocks, those permanent-magnet blocks the orientation is set, set-up mode makes those permanent-magnet blocks in fact almost can not bring into play useful effect.Except that above-mentioned ambient magnetic separates oxygenerator, Gazette of Patent for Invention and utility model patent communique by retrieval, can know, in recent years, there is the patent document that relates to magnetic air separation tech to deliver successively, still, wherein Jue Dabufen inventive concept, all be to attempt to reach the purpose that big flow obtains oxygen-rich air with quantity permanent magnet seldom, and such purpose, only by utilizing permanent magnet in a small amount in fact to be difficult to reach.

In actual applications, the common expectation of people can big practically flow ground obtains oxygen-rich air, under such prerequisite, people just can notice how to reduce system gas energy consumption, reduce the system pneumatolytic this, reduce device volume, alleviator weight or the like problem.

Airborne nitrogen, aqueous vapor, carbonic acid gas and hydrogen etc. are the compositions of weak inverse magnetic, they can be subjected to slight repulsive force in magnetic field, and airborne another important composition oxygen has strong paramagnetism, it can be subjected to strong magnetism in uneven magnetic field, this is a well-known phenomenon.Publish the 434th page to the 438 pages introductions of EM Po Saier work " study course of Berkeley physics " second volume " electromagnetism " the Chinese translation of volume of publishing in June, 1979 according to BeiJing, China's scientific publication, if experimentize with liquid oxygen, in magneticstrength is 18000 Gausses, and field gradient is 1700 Gausses centimetre ^-1Condition under, oxygen molecule will be subjected to being equivalent to the strength of its own wt octuple and inhale toward magnetic field lira, this shows that this magnetism is big.When normal temperature, non-uniform magnetic field remains big to the magnetism of oxygen molecule, contain the airborne numerous oxygen molecules of oxygen and be subjected to the attraction of non-uniform magnetic field and produce orientation movement to cause the air-flow that is called as " magnetic wind ", this phenomenon also is the scientific basis that contains the Magnetic Measurement Technology of oxygen content in the oxygen air.

Known magnetic field is to be directly proportional with the product of magneticstrength and field gradient to the magnetism of oxygen molecule, that is to say that magnetic field both was directly proportional with magneticstrength to the magnetism of oxygen molecule, was directly proportional with field gradient again; Therefore, higher when magneticstrength, and field gradient hour, and magnetic field is not strong to the magnetism of oxygen molecule; And not really high in magneticstrength, but in the bigger magnetic field of field gradient, the magnetism that oxygen molecule is subjected to but can be stronger.Said field gradient is meant the velocity of variation of magneticstrength with distance.Between the big field regions of the product value of field gradient and magneticstrength oxygen molecule had bigger magnetism.

Purpose of the present invention provides the technology of obtaining oxygen and nitrogen from air of flow air feed greatly a kind of compactness, high efficiency, less energy-consumption.The present invention utilizes the oxygen molecule can be by the strong special property that attracts in magnetic field, from air, obtain oxygen and nitrogen, but, with existing magnetic air separation tech differently, the present invention is from new design philosophy, has overcome little or the like the deficiency of the big and actual gas supply flow of energy expenditure in the existing magnetic air separation tech fully.The present invention emphasizes the sphere of action of expansion field to air, and, utilize the not permanent magnet of consumed power fully, all sidedly.The present invention only with permanent magnet as the magnetic field supplier.The present invention passes through permanent magnet, particularly laminal have hole or an imperforate permanent magnet, in limited space, do rational, compact arrangement, reach the purpose of following two aspects: the first, utilize the permanent magnet manufacturing that the magnetic field of high magnetic field gradients value is arranged, it two is, expand effective active area significantly to the compellent magnetic field of oxygen, this that is to say, the high magnetic field of the product value of field gradient and magneticstrength and the effect interface of air are expanded significantly.

The present invention is achieved in that the effuser that uses more than or, said effuser contains suction hole, the position of offering of said suction hole is on the sidewall of said effuser, and, be installed in the many permanent magnets on the said effuser outer side wall, said permanent magnet is to do closely-spaced arrangement on said effuser outer side wall, the said permanent magnet that is arranged on the effuser outer side wall is to be rib shape or aliform closely-spacedly, among the present invention, will comprise that the device of said modules is called the compact efficient low-energy consumption air-magnetism separating device.When the magnetic field of the permanent magnet in the said air-magnetism separating device bunch when containing the oxygen source air and contact, be subjected to the attraction in magnetic field, the oxygen molecule that contains the airborne over paramagnetism of oxygen source just moves to the direction of permanent magnet bunch, like this, the said clearance space that is arranged in rib shape on the effuser outer side wall or aliform permanent magnet bunch closely-spacedly and near the airborne oxygen content of spatial just be higher than the oxygen content that contains the oxygen source air, the relative higher air with oxygen level of suction hole that is opened on the tube wall of effuser contacts, when such effuser is communicated with the induction trunk of pneumatic plant, start pneumatic plant, so, air via the output of the outlet passageway of pneumatic plant, be exactly the higher relatively air of oxygen level, just oxygen-rich air; Being used to aspirate the machinery of oxygen-rich air, can also be the machinery with self-holding gettering ability, for example the petrol engine of some kinds.

In said air-magnetism separating device, the mutual close magnetic pole that is installed in the permanent magnets adjacent on the said effuser outer side wall both can be the different magnetic pole of magnetic polarity, it also can be the identical magnetic pole of magnetic polarity, it can also be the situation between these two kinds of situations, but, because high-gradient magnetic field has bigger magnetism to oxygen molecule, thereby, the said best arrangement mode that is installed in the permanent magnet on the effuser outer side wall is that to make the mutual close magnetic pole of permanent magnets adjacent be the identical magnetic pole of magnetic polarity with being rib shape or aliform.With the pole surface residual magnetization is that 2500 Gausses' permanent magnet is an example, when the mutual close magnetic pole of permanent magnets adjacent is the identical magnetic pole of magnetic polarity, and, when distance between two poles is about 0.5 centimetre, so, said magnetic pole gap and near field gradient can reach about 10000 Gausses centimetre ^-1And if adopt the pole surface residual magnetization to be about 10000 Gausses' permanent magnet, and be still with the identical magnetic pole of magnetic polarity close mutually, so, when distance between two poles also is about 0.5 centimetre, such magnetic pole gap and near field gradient can reach about 40000 Gausses centimetre ^-1But, if in above-mentioned two examples, close magnetic pole is the different magnetic pole of magnetic polarity mutually, so, field gradient in magnetic pole gap will equal zero or approach zero, only have tangible field gradient near the peripheral space magnetic pole gap, and the numerical value of this field gradient on same position is also less than mutual to the numerical value that can reach with the identical magnetic pole of magnetic polarity.

In said air-magnetism separating device, said to be the permanent magnet that rib shape or aliform be arranged on the said effuser outer side wall can be the permanent magnet of arbitrary shape.The permanent magnet of said arbitrary shape comprises permanent magnet that contains hole and the permanent magnet that does not contain hole.The present invention emphasizes the useful effect interface between the expansion field and air in the finite space, and adopting tabular permanent magnet is the selection that helps realizing the object of the invention most.The said tabular permanent magnet of the present invention comprises the tabular permanent magnet that contains hole certainly, and, do not contain the tabular permanent magnet of hole.The said tabular permanent magnet of the present invention comprises the uniform tabular permanent magnet of thickness, and, the tabular permanent magnet that has thickness to change.The said tabular permanent magnet of the present invention can certainly comprise that the plate face is the tabular permanent magnet of curve form.The mode of magnetization of said tabular permanent magnet can be the mode of magnetization arbitrarily, for example, can be bipolar magnetization, also can be multipole magnetized; Direction of magnetization can arbitrary orientation.The optimum mode of magnetization of said tabular permanent magnet is the bipolar mode of magnetization; Optimum direction of magnetization is that vertically to divide equally section mutually vertical or approach orthogonal direction with the maximum of said tabular permanent magnet.For the uniform tabular permanent magnet of thickness, said optimum direction of magnetization is exactly that board plane with this tabular permanent magnet is vertical or approach vertical direction.

The said permanent magnet that contains hole can be the permanent magnet that contains single hole, also can be the permanent magnet that contains two or three or four or five or contain more a plurality of holes, and the number of said hole is not limit.When employing contains the permanent magnet of hole, the best assembling mode of said effuser and said permanent magnet, be to make effuser penetrate the said hole that contains the permanent magnet of hole, in other words, said permanent magnet is preferably used the outer side wall adjacency of the edge and the said effuser of said hole.But,, also be fine with the part of surrounding edge of the permanent magnet that contains hole and the outer side wall adjacency of effuser.Be most appropriate to realize that the permanent magnet that contains hole of the object of the invention is the tabular permanent magnet that contains hole.Certainly, the said permanent magnet that contains hole can only contain single hole, also can contain quantity at more than one hole, and the quantity of said hole is not limit.When said tabular permanent magnet is when containing many holes, correspondingly just can there be many support tracheaes to penetrate many holes of said tabular permanent magnet respectively.

The shape of the hole of the said permanent magnet that contains hole is not limit, and for example, said hole can be the hole of circle, ellipse, streamlining, long strip shape, Polygons or gear shape, or the like.The shape of the surrounding edge of the said permanent magnet that contains hole is not limit, and for example, the shape of the surrounding edge of said permanent magnet maybe can be circle, ellipse, streamlining, gear shape, long strip shape or Polygons or the like.

Said effuser can be the pipeline of the hollow of arbitrary shape, and for example, said effuser can be that pipe, oval tube, flat tube, streamlining pipe or cross section are polygonal pipe.Said flat tube comprises flat oval tube and cross section is rectangular or other polygonal flat tube.Said effuser can be that whole the manufacturing is shaped, also will be to be to constitute with loose mail assembly unit sealing-in, and for example, the formation of the flat tube that the cross section is rectangular can be that flat board adds strip of paper used for sealing.In said effuser, particularly in flat tube, can also contain the object that some are used to prevent the effuser distortion.

The quantity of the effuser that uses in said air-magnetism separating device is not limit, and for example, can use one or two or three or more effuser.The usage quantity of said effuser can be determined with airshed and with gas oxygen level and flow the more fresh condition and the performance quality of said permanent magnet and the installing mode of permanent magnet that contain the oxygen level of oxygen source air and contain the oxygen source air according to reality.In most application scenarios, require to use many Zhi Suoshu to be equiped with the effuser of rib shape or aliform permanent magnet simultaneously.

In said air-magnetism separating device, when the mutual close magnetic pole of the permanent magnets adjacent on being installed in the effuser outer side wall is the identical magnetic pole of magnetic polarity, in such magnetic pole gap and near will the magnetic field of high magnetic field gradients value appears having, but, distribution scenario in the magnitude of field intensity distribution scenario of the same space and field gradient size is different, for example, to have magneticstrength in the middle of the magnetic pole gap be zero or approach zero separation surface, this separation surface and near, though magnetic field gradient value is big, but field strength value is too little, thereby make the product value of field gradient and magneticstrength less than normal, therefore, such separation surface and near the magnetic field in interval little to the oxygen molecule magnetism; Be zero or approach zero separation surface and set out by said magneticstrength, more be near pole surface, magneticstrength is big more, until the maximum value that on pole surface, reaches magneticstrength, that is to say, in pole surface and that part of interval of being close to nearly pole surface, the product value maximum of magneticstrength and field gradient, magnetism to oxygen molecule is also the strongest, when the permanent magnet in the said air-magnetism separating device when containing the oxygen source air and contact, be subjected to the attraction in magnetic field, the gap of said permanent magnet bunch and near the space will put aside the higher relatively air of oxygen level, but, since magnetic pole gap and near exist the Distribution of Magnetic Field strong and weak uneven to the oxygen molecule magnetism, the result correspondingly causes existing the uneven distribution of oxygen content size in such interval, more be near pole surface, oxygen content is big more, in pole surface and be close in the interval of nearly pole surface the highest oxygen content is arranged, and said magnetic pole gap intermediary magneticstrength be zero or approach zero said separation surface and near the interval, magnetism to oxygen molecule is zero or approaches zero, thereby should want little many by the interval oxygen content for pole surface and near interval thereof.The height that the suction hole of effuser is not carefully distinguished oxygen level with magnetic pole gap and near air thereof if leave sucks in the effuser in the lump, though the result can obtain oxygen-rich air, but this oxygen-rich air may be to come from the oxygen molecule magnetism is zero or approaches between zero said interface region more, because should carry the baby less by the interval air, be easier to comparatively speaking flow, and the hyperoxic air of being close to nearly pole surface is fettered by magnetic field, and comparatively speaking, it is slow to flow.Do not take additional measures, only draw oxygen-rich air in the above described manner roughly, be fine certainly, but effect is not the most desirable, because the oxygen-rich air oxygen content that obtains is not high like this.For obtaining high oxygen containing oxygen-rich air, should contain the interval oxygen-rich air of drawing of oxygen from said pole surface and the height of being close to nearly pole surface, should manage the air insulated in said separation surface that oxygen content is relatively low and near interval thereof simultaneously or cover, stop in the relatively low air admission effuser of oxygen level.The air-magnetism separating device that has further comprised hovel is to help obtaining the device of high-quality oxygen content than higher oxygen-rich air.Said hovel is to be used to cover relatively low said separation surface of oxygen level and near air thereof, and said hovel is to be installed in the crack that is made of permanent magnets adjacent, has air gap between the permanent magnet of said hovel and vicinity.Just to contain the oxygen interval corresponding with said pole surface and the height of being close to nearly surface for said air gap; The air that sucks effuser via said air gap is exactly that high-quality oxygen level is than higher oxygen-rich air.The surrounding edge of said hovel is changeable, and the size of its surrounding edge is suitable not hinder contain the oxygen source air mobile to be updated to.The material that is used to make said hovel is not limit, and for example can use rubber, plastics, porcelain material, timber and metallic substance or the like.As a kind of and nonideal special case, if must use soft magnetic material to make said hovel, also be fine, still, and in this case, some difference of the function of this hovel.Said hovel and the edge permanent magnet adjacency both can be smooth edges, also can be the edges that contains some little salient points or little burr; The former helps making air gap to be close to nearly pole surface drawing high-quality oxygen-rich air, and the latter helps keeping size of gaps and helps reducing inspiratory resistance.Correspondingly, according to similar principle, the pole surface of said permanent magnet both can be slick pole surface, also can be the pole surface that contains some little salient points or little burr.Between the permanent magnet of said hovel and vicinity, can also install the thin pad of making by fiber or sponge plastics, but so thin pad obviously is dispensable annex with the size of gaps kept and filter dirt function.

Preamble is addressed, in said air-magnetism separating device, is installed in rib shape or aliform permanent magnet on the effuser outer side wall, both can be the permanent magnet that contains hole, also can be the permanent magnet that does not have hole.The permanent magnet that contains hole is preferably used the edge and the said effuser adjacency of said hole.For the permanent magnet that contains many holes, can with it many holes hole edge respectively simultaneously with the outer side wall adjacency of many effusers; For the permanent magnet that only contains single hole, then its hole edge preferably only with the outer side wall adjacency of an effuser.No matter whether said permanent magnet contain hole, can be with the outer side wall adjacency of the part surrounding edge and the said effuser of this permanent magnet.For the permanent magnet that contains hole, can also be simultaneously with the part surrounding edge of the edge of said hole and said permanent magnet respectively with the outer side wall adjacency of different effuser.

When said permanent magnet be with it surrounding edge and the effuser outer side wall in abutting connection with the time, the surrounding edge of this permanent magnet both can be only and the outer side wall adjacency of an effuser, also can be simultaneously and the outer side wall adjacency of effuser more than one.For example, surrounding edge is the permanent magnet of successive concaveconvex shape, and this permanent magnet can have more than one concave edge position, and said more than one concave edge position can be respectively and the outer side wall adjacency of effuser more than one.Preamble is addressed, and under most situation, air-magnetism separating device of the present invention requires to use simultaneously many effusers that are equiped with rib shape or aliform permanent magnet; Said effuser can be made paliform, bunch shape or layered arrangement, certainly can also take other arrangement mode, under said circumstances, extending in said rib shape of each piece between the effuser or aliform permanent magnet both can be only and the outer side wall adjacency of an effuser, also can be simultaneously and the outer side wall adjacency of effuser more than one.

Described extend in rib shape between the effuser or aliform permanent magnet if simultaneously with the outer side wall adjacency of effuser more than one, so, main have three kinds of situations, first kind of situation be with the hole edge of the permanent magnet that contains an above hole respectively with the outer side wall adjacency of effuser more than one; Second kind of situation be with the part surrounding edge of permanent magnet simultaneously with the outer side wall adjacency of effuser more than one, in other words, said permanent magnet is with its part surrounding edge outer side wall adjacency of while and adjacent two effusers at least; The third situation is the mixed form of aforementioned two kinds of situations.The reasonable embodiment corresponding with above-mentioned second kind of situation has two kinds, first kind preferably embodiment be to adopt flat effuser, and, adopt tabular permanent magnet, make the tabular permanent magnet that extends between the effuser simultaneously only with the outer side wall adjacency of adjacent two effusers, and the maximum that makes said tabular permanent magnet vertically divides equally section and the maximum of said effuser vertically to divide equally section vertical mutually or approach mutual vertically, makes the said maximum of the adjacent tabular permanent magnet between the Neighbor Set tracheae vertically divide equally section and is parallel to each other or approaches and be parallel to each other; Second kind of embodiment preferably, also be to adopt flat tube and tabular permanent magnet, make the tabular permanent magnet that extends between the effuser simultaneously only with the outer side wall adjacency of adjacent two effusers, but, different is, the angle that the said maximum of the adjacent tabular permanent magnet between the Neighbor Set tracheae is vertically divided equally between the section is acute angle, in this case, the distance between plates of adjacent tabular permanent magnet is from changing, field gradient between plate in the space also changes, when mutual close plate face is the identical pole surface of magnetic polarity, above-mentioned installing mode helps making oxygen molecule a narrow limit in space to make directed flow with the gravitational enhancing in magnetic field between plate, the suction hole position of said effuser is preferably corresponding from relative less position with distance between plates, because of this position the strongest to the magnetism of oxygen.No matter be which kind of above-mentioned embodiment, comprised that the air-magnetism separating device of said hovel is always favourable for obtaining high-quality oxygen-rich air.

In said air-magnetism separating device, the rib shape or the aliform permanent magnet that are installed on the said effuser outer side wall can be the tabular permanent magnets that contains hole or do not contain hole, the opposed facing plate face of adjacent tabular permanent magnet can be the identical pole surface of magnetic polarity, preamble is addressed, in this case, when said permanent magnet bunch when containing the oxygen source air and contact, oxygen molecule there is the pole surface of strong magnetism and is close in pole surface interval and will gathers the oxygen containing high-quality oxygen-rich air of height, but, this height that is the lamelliform distribution contains the constraint that the oxygen oxygen-rich air is subjected to magnetic attraction, it is slow to flow, if pole surface magnetic field everywhere is identical or intimate identical to the magnetism of oxygen molecule, just is difficult to order about this lamelliform height and contains the oxygen oxygen-rich air and flow along the suction hole direction of pole surface to said effuser.Contain the oxygen oxygen-rich air and flow to the suction hole direction of said effuser in order to order about said filmated height along pole surface, in general, can take following four kinds of schemes, first kind of scheme is, the angle that the said maximum of adjacent tabular permanent magnet is vertically divided equally between the section is acute angle, and the direction that makes this acute angle points to said effuser, and about this scheme, the aforementioned part of this paper provides a kind of embodiment; Second kind of scheme is to adopt the uneven permanent magnet of pole surface residual magnetization, and make the bigger close said effuser of part of residual magnetization of said permanent magnet; The third scheme is that the tabular permanent magnet that employing has thickness to change, the thickness variation pattern of said tabular permanent magnet are to make the part of the neighbor set tracheae of permanent magnet that the thickness that increases gradually be arranged; The 4th kind of scheme is to mix two kinds or whole three kinds of schemes using in aforementioned three kinds of schemes; Above-mentioned any scheme can make said pole surface and be close to the magneticstrength in interval of nearly pole surface and favourable variation takes place the product value of field gradient, near the position of effuser, said product value is big more, magnetism to oxygen also strengthens thereupon, this has just formed the directed traction to oxygen of pointing to effuser along said pole surface, so, just, can order about the said slow oxygen containing oxygen-rich air of filmated height that flows flows along the suction hole direction of pole surface to said effuser.Under said circumstances, if said air-magnetism separating device is the device that has comprised said hovel, so, the said air gap of being close to nearly pole surface just in time can extract to such an extent that converge continuously and high oxygen containing oxygen-rich air that the said lamelliform that comes distributes along pole surface with taking advantage of a situation.

General the principles of science according to process fluid flow, we know, when fluid flows between the plate of any materials and plate, it is uneven that the fluidic flow rate distributes, press close to plate face position, the fluidic flow rate is low more, exists the slow laminar boundary layer that flows in the position of pressing close to the plate face; Meanwhile, in the position away from the plate face, the fluidic flow rate can be bigger.In the present invention, if adopt tabular permanent magnet, and the opposed facing plate face that makes adjacent tabular permanent magnet is the identical pole surface of magnetic polarity, when said permanent magnet with flowing contain the oxygen source air and contact the time, form high oxygen containing oxygen-rich air layer in the interval of being close to nearly pole surface, the oxygen containing oxygen-rich air layer of this height is simultaneously also just in time corresponding with said laminar boundary layer under the general situation, but, in the situation that the present invention relates to, because magnetic field is to the strong attraction of the high-quality oxygen-rich air layer of being close to nearly pole surface, in fact make the density of said layer laminar boundary layer increase, thickness increases, it is more slow to flow, and the air-flow of the relative high velocity flow around the more difficult quilt breaks up.In the magnetic pole space to attract oxygen power be zero or approach in zero the space said separation surface and near, then be to allow the air-flow high velocity flow.Said oxygen-rich air layer is in case form, enable stably to keep, even if oxygen-rich air is constantly extracted by effuser, said oxygen-rich air layer also can be promptly from around flowing contain and trap high oxygen containing air the oxygen source air, make said oxygen-rich air layer obtain rapidly replenishing and restoring.For above-mentioned reasons, air-magnetism separating device of the present invention can allow big flow and the renewal of big flow velocity ground and replenish to contain the oxygen source air, and this means that simultaneously air-magnetism separating device provided by the present invention has big oxygen supply potentiality.

The present invention emphasizes in the finite space the effective contact interface between the expansion field and air significantly, therefore, as mentioned before, tabular permanent magnet, the tabular permanent magnet that variation in thickness is particularly arranged is reasonable selection.Obviously, the mean thickness of said tabular permanent magnet is more little, help the effective magnetic field area that in the finite space, provides big as far as possible more, but, when the mean thickness of said tabular permanent magnet is little to a certain degree the time, mechanical propertys such as the fragility of said permanent magnet, impact strength just there has been the higher requirement of ratio.It is various in style to be applied to permanent magnet material of the present invention, and wherein, the agglutinating permanent magnet is a kind of reasonable selection that has taken into account mechanical propertys such as formability and fragility, impact strength.Said agglutinating permanent magnet mainly is to mix bonding with magnetic with binding agent to be processed into.Said binding agent is thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin for example; Said binding agent also can be low melting point metal material, for example metallic tin; Said binding agent can also be an elastomeric material.Said magnetic is ferrite class magnetic, rare earth magnet powders for example.Said rare earth magnet powders is NdFeB magnetic powder, Rare-Earth Cobalt magnetic for example.Said agglutinating permanent magnet can adopt many kinds of method moulding, for example can adopt method moulding such as injection moulding, compacting, coating.Said agglutinating permanent magnet claims compound permanent magnet material again.The composition of said agglutinating permanent magnet is except binding agent and magnetic; obviously can also allow to comprise some accessory compositions, for example tinting material, surface protection coating and the nonmagnetic flap or reticulation or the filament that are clipped in said agglutinating permanent magnet inside.

The said permanent magnet shape of the present invention is not limit; Said agglutinating permanent magnet can be formed as the permanent magnet of any setting shape, especially is suitable for being formed as the little tabular permanent magnet of mean thickness.

The outer side surface of the said effuser of the present invention both can be the wall of smoother, also can be the wall of concave-convex surface, can also be the wall of other shape.If the outer side surface of the effuser that is adopted is to be processed to have concavo-convex wall, in other words, when on the outer side surface of effuser many grooves being arranged, the part edge of said permanent magnet can be embedded in the described groove, this is the desirable method on a kind of outer side wall that said permanent magnet is fixed on said effuser, the part wall that protrudes on the effuser outer side wall can have the function of described hovel simultaneously concurrently, in this case, the suction hole of described effuser offers the position preferably in described groove.The effuser of said outer side surface concave-convex surface can be the integral manufacturing moulding, it also can be the effuser of on the wall of smoother, having set up said hovel, in a kind of situation in back, the said hovel of setting up just becomes the part of protruding on the effuser outer side wall.

Preamble is addressed, if the induction trunk of the said effuser that is equiped with rib shape or aliform permanent magnet with the pneumatic plant that is used to carry oxygen-rich air is communicated with, starts this pneumatic plant, just can export oxygen-rich air from the outlet passageway of this pneumatic plant; Said permanent magnet bunch should be exposed to and to contain in the oxygen source air.The said pneumatic plant of the present invention refer to be used to aspirate, the machinery of pressurization, delivering gas, for example, air compressor, gas blower, ventilator, vacuum pump, pneumatic pump or the like all are pneumatic plants.Containing the air-magnetism separating device that is useful on the pneumatic plant of carrying oxygen-rich air is a kind of device form of the said air-magnetism separating device of the present invention.

No matter whether the said air-magnetism separating device of the present invention contain the pneumatic plant that is used to carry oxygen-rich air of special configuration, the said effuser that is equiped with rib shape or aliform permanent magnet directly can be placed in the containing in the oxygen source air of nature circulation; Even if said contain the oxygen source air be in the nature flow rate approach zero like stationary state, because concentration diffusion factor, containing the airborne oxygen molecule of oxygen source still can be continuously moves to the direction of said permanent magnet bunch, with remedy around the said permanent magnet bunch because of being drawn the oxygen level on the low side that causes, and previously described oxygen-rich air layer structure is maintained.But, in order to give full play to the oxygen delivery capacity of said air-magnetism separating device, preferably related rib shape on the effuser outer side wall or the aliform permanent magnet or the like of being installed in of said effuser is placed in the container in the lump, said container is the container that contains three kinds of gas passages, said three kinds of gas passages are fresh air input channel, oxygen-rich air output channel and nitrogen-rich air output channel, and said effuser is communicated with the said oxygen-rich air output channel of said container.Under said circumstances, if the said fresh air input channel that makes said container is communicated with the outlet passageway of the pneumatic plant that is used to carry fresh air, start this pneumatic plant, just can order about and contain the oxygen source air and skim over said permanent magnet bunch with the flow set and flow velocity; The another kind of embodiment that contains the oxygen source air flowing and skim over said permanent magnet bunch that drives is the said nitrogen-rich air output channel that makes said container to be communicated with the induction trunk of the pneumatic plant that is used to carry nitrogen-rich air.By nitrogen-rich air or perhaps the anoxybiotic air that the said nitrogen-rich air output channel of said container is exported, can be according to the requirement collection or the emptying of using.

In order to make said air-magnetism separating device high-efficiency operation for a long time, should prevent that the suction hole of said effuser is subjected to the foul obstruction; Especially when said air-magnetism separating device be when containing the device of said hovel, should prevent carefully that more said air gap is subjected to foul and blocks.If said air magnetic separating device is the device that contains said container, so,, can on the said fresh air input channel of said container, install air filter for addressing the above problem; If said air-magnetism separating device is to contain the device that is useful on the pneumatic plant of carrying fresh air, so, the said induction trunk that is used to carry the pneumatic plant of fresh air also can be considered as the special part of said fresh air input channel, and said air filter can be installed on the induction trunk of said pneumatic plant.The known air strainer is various in style, for example the air filter made of materials such as wire cloth, fibrous reticulum, fibrous paper, cloth and sponge plastics; Said air filter also can be centrifugal dust removal filter, oil-immersed type air filter, or the like.

The said air-magnetism separating device of the present invention can also comprise some sealing members, and the installation position of said sealing member can be the position that needs sealing at each interface of the end of said effuser and gas channel or the like.

The said air-magnetism separating device of the present invention as one generally speaking, related air flow passage also can be divided into three kinds: the nitrogen-rich air output channel of the fresh air input channel of device, the oxygen-rich air output channel of device and device.As a kind of special case, when the said effuser that is equiped with rib shape or aliform permanent magnet is that the air flow passage that can clearly define just has only the oxygen-rich air output channel of device when directly being placed in the nature mobile normal air.

When in the practical application oxygen level of oxygen-rich air being had higher the requirement, can increase oxygen content step by step by the mode of multistage enrichment; The device that to serve this purpose among the present invention is called the multistage enrichment system of compact efficient low-energy consumption oxygen, the multistage enrichment system of said oxygen comprises a plurality of said air-magnetism separating devices, wherein, the oxygen-rich air output channel of the air-magnetism separating device of prestage is communicated with the fresh air input channel of the air-magnetism separating device of rearmounted level.The progression of enrichment is many more, and the oxygen level of the oxygen-rich air that is obtained is high more, can obtain purity oxygen by such mode.

When required when being high nitrogenous nitrogen-rich air in the practical application, also can be by the mode of multistage enrichment nitrogen, deoxygenation step by step, increase a nitrogen content; In the present invention, the device of serving this purpose is called the multistage enrichment system of compact efficient low-energy consumption nitrogen, the multistage enrichment system of said nitrogen comprises a plurality of said air-magnetism separating devices, wherein, the nitrogen-rich air output channel of the air-magnetism separating device of prestage is communicated with the fresh air input channel of the air-magnetism separating device of rearmounted level.The progression of enrichment is many more, and the nitrogen content of the nitrogen-rich air that is obtained is high more; Can obtain pure nitrogen gas by such mode.

In the various devices that contain pneumatic plant involved in the present invention, each pneumatic plant both can independent operating, also can coordinated operation.

The said container that contains three kinds of gas passages of the present invention can be the special special container of making, and also can be the thing of tent or suitable buildings of separating and so on.

The said oxygen source air that contains of the present invention means the mixed gas that contains the oxygen composition, for example the oxygen containing normal fresh air of the daily contact of people.

Use a plurality of described air-magnetism separating devices, by the mode of connection of conversion gas flow path, easily mapping function both can be assembled into the multistage enrichment system of described oxygen, also can be assembled into the multistage enrichment system of described nitrogen.

The extensive use of oxygen-rich air and purity oxygen is well-known, since the invention provides a kind of simple in structure, compact, less energy-consumption, in the technology of obtaining oxygen-rich air and purity oxygen greatly that very approaches to move under the normal temperature and pressure conditions flow, to make the purposes of oxygen-rich air and oxygen further expand on a large scale, for example, described air-magnetism separating device can be used to buildings, hospital, family room and individual that health care and therapeutic medical oxygen-rich air are provided, apparatus of oxygen supply can start at any time, the operation of less energy-consumption for a long time; Described air-magnetism separating device and the multistage enrichment system of described oxygen can also be applied to make oxygen factory and the big various occasions of oxygen depletion amount, for example: smeltery, chemical plant and the occasion that relates to combustion equipment; Described air-magnetism separating device and ventilator or heat preservation aeration machine make up, and can constitute oxygen enrichment ventilator or oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine; Described air-magnetism separating device and air conditioning unit the combination can constitute the oxygen enriched air conditioning machine; Described air-magnetism separating device and combustion equipment make up, and can constitute oxygen-enriched burner; The combination of described air-magnetism separating device and engine can constitute oxygen enriched engine, and described engine is car, various consume fuel peculiar to vessel and the oil engine of oxygen for example; Except above-mentioned each example, air-magnetism separating device of the present invention and the multistage enrichment system of described oxygen can also have other many purposes, for example, can be used for the guarantee of the breathing of high mountain or highlands with oxygen, or the like.

The present invention includes compact efficient low-energy consumption oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine.In the prior art, known have a multiple heat preservation aeration machine that can be used for occasions such as buildings, hospital, family room.The said oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration of the present invention machine is the technical combinations of said air-magnetism separating device and said heat preservation aeration machine.Said oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine comprises described air-magnetism separating device, and, gas heat exchanger, this gas heat exchanger is the thermal exchange that is used between new air of oxygen enrichment and the dirty old air, this gas heat exchanger contains passage and the passage that is used to carry dirty old air, the oxygen-rich air output channel of described air-magnetism separating device and the channel connection that is used to carry the new air of oxygen enrichment of described gas heat exchanger that is useful on the new air of conveying oxygen enrichment.Described oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine certainly comprises the pneumatic plant that is used to carry oxygen-rich air, the installation position of this pneumatic plant can be any position on the new air delivery passage of described oxygen enrichment, and this pneumatic plant can be considered as the part of described air-magnetism separating device; Described oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine can also comprise the pneumatic plant that is used to carry dirty old air certainly, and the installation position of this pneumatic plant can be any position on the old air delivery passage of described dirt.Known gas interchanger various in style, for example, board-like gas heat exchanger, heat pipe-type gas heat exchanger, full exchange type gas heat exchanger and rib-type or finned gas heat exchanger, or the like.Utilize air separation technology of the present invention to obtain oxygen-rich air, and make the new air of this oxygen enrichment via the dirty old air of gas heat exchanger insulation displacement, this for health care and energy-conservation all be useful.Described oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine is particularly suitable for being applied to be equiped with the occasions such as buildings, hospital and family room of air conditioning machinery.

The oxygen enrichment ventilator that does not contain gas heat exchanger is the simple combination of air-magnetism separating device and simple ventilator, and it can be considered a kind of simple application device form of said air-magnetism separating device.

The present invention includes compact efficient low-energy consumption oxygen enriched air conditioning machine, said oxygen enriched air conditioning machine contains described air-magnetism separating device and air conditioning unit.Described air conditioning unit be the device that is used to regulate the temperature and the humidity of air, the described air conditioning unit refrigeration system that contains saidly can also contain having heaters in air conditioning unit, said well heater is electricradiator, heat pump for example.In general, the common air-conditioning machine is freezing or during heating operation, is being to save energy, is not allow the logical new wind of big flow to change the air in air-conditioning place; The air conditioning machinery of some kind even basic just do not offer new wind passage; Even contain the air conditioning machinery of new wind passage, also can only introduce new wind in low discharge ground; Introduce under the situation of quantity not sufficient at new wind, the air quality in air-conditioning place degenerates; Though the air conditioning machinery of many kinds contains air filter, this device there is no the oxygenation function; The air cleaning unit that other is common such as air ozone purifier and anion generator or the like device all do not have the oxygenation function; For the air-conditioning place that the personnel activity is arranged, the device of no oxygenation function can only dedusting and sterilization, and can not change oxygen level downward trend in the air; The insufficient harm of oxygen level is well-known, be referred to as air conditioning disease in inhabitation of air-conditioning place or the movable uncomfortable reaction that is produced for a long time, the reason of searching to the bottom, be that air quality degenerates and causes, this wherein has dust content of air and the higher factor of bacteria containing amount, yet prior factor is that oxygen level is on the low side.Can upgrade the vitiated air in air-conditioning place with heat preservation aeration machine of the prior art, still, only when the ventilation flow is very big, might make just that the air oxygen level equates with the normal air oxygen level in personnel activity's the place.Adopt oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine of the present invention to carry out the ventilation of bidirectional heat preservation oxygen enrichment, can reach substantive oxygenation and purpose of energy saving.For realizing the oxygenation purpose in air-conditioning place, can also directly carry oxygen-rich air constantly to the air-conditioning place with described air-magnetism separating device.With described air-magnetism separating device or oxygen enrichment ventilator or described oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine with described air conditioning unit being installed in, constitute the oxygen enriched air conditioning machine, it also is useful embodiment, when such oxygen enriched air conditioning machine is freezing or during heating operation, the air-magnetism separating device that wherein contains can be side by side constantly to air-conditioning place input oxygen-rich air.The oxygen-rich air of exporting when said air-magnetism separating device is when importing the air-conditioning place via gas heat exchanger, then can reach oxygen enrichment heat preservation energy-saving ventilation purpose in the temperature and humidity of regulating air.When described air-magnetism separating device or oxygen enrichment ventilator or oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine are to be installed in a time-out with the air-cooled air conditioner unit, described air conditioning unit being used for can be the permanent magnet bunch ventilation of air-magnetism separating device simultaneously to the condenser airy ventilator of refrigeration system.Air conditioning unit when being the split-type air conditioner unit when what be installed in described air-magnetism separating device or oxygen enrichment ventilator or oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine, be used to carry the input channel of oxygen-rich air to install with the refrigeration agent circulating line is parallel.

Devices such as the said air-magnetism separating device of the present invention, oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine and oxygen enriched air conditioning machine, according to concrete application requiring, can also comprise that obviously the sourdine, under meter, flow regulator, the oxygen level that are installed on the gas channel detect the additional dingus of indicating meter, ozonizer, anion generator, air humidifier, the meticulous dust removal filter of airheater oxygen-rich air and oxygen-rich air breathing mask or the like.

The present invention includes oxygen enriched engine.Said oxygen enriched engine comprises: the engine that uses oxygen and fuel, this engine is with the air that the contains oxygen engine as oxidant source, this engine contains air input passage, and, described air-magnetism separating device, the oxygen-rich air output channel of described air-magnetism separating device is communicated with the air input passage of described engine.Said engine comprises all kinds of automobile-used, ship engines.Said engine is petrol engine, diesel motor, producer gas engine, mixed fuel engine or the like for example.The air input passage of said engine also can comprise the air input passage of enmgine exhaust thermal reactor and the air input passage of engine exhaust catalyzing, oxidizing and purifying device.Said oxygen enriched engine also comprises the form that makes up with multistage enrichment system of described oxygen and engine.With the oxidant source of oxygen-rich air as engine, be very useful for improving fuel availability and reducing the harmful exhaust quantity discharged, also be useful for improving engine power and reducing the engine volume.Modal engine is a motor car engine, as everyone knows, existing several hundred million all kinds of automobiles on the earth, the uncombusted waste gas that is discharged by motor car engine is the important factor that causes environmental pollution, the imperfect combustion while of fuel is also caused the unnecessary waste of the energy; Adopting the technology of the present invention to be of value to addresses the above problem.

Compare with the existing various technology of from air, obtaining oxygen and nitrogen, it is simple in structure, compact that the principle of work of apparatus of the present invention and the technical characterstic of device have determined that the present invention has following advantage, flow ground oxygen supply greatly, energy expenditure is low especially, be at normal temperature and pressure or very approach to move under the condition of normal temperature and pressure that related all kinds of devices are safe in utilization, easy and simple to handle, the maintenance of device and maintain easyly, applied in any combination is convenient.When the technology of the present invention is applied to personnel being arranged oxygen-rich air being supplied with in the active place betwixt for buildings, hospital, family room, aerobic individual and other, help improving air quality, help health care, also help improving people's work efficient; When the present invention is applied to making the factory of oxygen, nitrogen and when using oxygen in a large number or using the occasions such as factory of nitrogen, helps reducing significantly system gas energy consumption, also help to improve and make the gas production security; When the technology of the present invention is applied to the engine of the combustion equipment of all kinds of consume fuel and oxygen and all kinds of consume fuel and oxygen, help improving fuel availability, reduce the harmful exhaust quantity discharged, also help the serviceability that improves combustion equipment and said engine.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is can be as several embodiment of the tabular permanent magnet that contains hole of the fin of effuser.Fig. 2 is a kind of embodiment of permanent magnet ribbed pipe type air-magnetism separating device, mark 1 is a kind of tabular permanent magnet that variation in thickness is arranged that contains single hole as fin, mark 2 is a kind of hovels, mark 3 is a kind of sealing members, mark 4 is a kind of effusers, and mark 5 is a kind of long strip shape suction holes that are opened on the effuser sidewall.Fig. 3 is the principle of work of permanent magnet ribbed pipe type air-magnetism separating device as shown in Figure 2 and the local enlarged diagram of working order, and the mark implication among the figure is identical with Fig. 2.Fig. 4 makes the cross-sectional shape of a kind of embodiment of bunch shape or the air-magnetism separating device that paliform or layered arrangement constituted and the synoptic diagram of mode of operation by many permanent magnet ribbed pipes as shown in Figure 2, mark 1,2,3,4 implications are identical with mark implication among Fig. 2, mark 6 is a kind of embodiment that contain the container of three kinds of gas passages, mark 7 is oxygen-rich air output channels of container 6, mark 8 is nitrogen-rich air output channels of container 6, and mark 9 is a kind of air filters on the oxygen source air input passage of containing that are installed in container 6.Fig. 5 shows is the schematic perspective view of a kind of arrangement mode of the permanent magnet ribbed pipe group in as shown in Figure 4 the air-magnetism separating device, and mark 1,4,6 implications are identical with Fig. 4.Do not draw the detail of container 6 among Fig. 5.Fig. 6 is three-dimensional shape and the mode of operation synoptic diagram of the embodiment of another kind of rib-type air-magnetism separating device, and mark 4 is effusers, and mark 10 is the tabular permanent magnets that variation in thickness is arranged as containing of fin many holes.Fig. 7 is the local enlarged diagram of cross-sectional shape, principle of work and the working order of rib-type air-magnetism separating device as shown in Figure 6, and mark 2 is a hovel, and mark 4,10 implications are identical with mark implication among Fig. 6.Fig. 8 is three-dimensional shape and the mode of operation synoptic diagram of a kind of embodiment of finned air-magnetism separating device, mark 11 is a kind of embodiment that the tabular permanent magnet of variation in thickness is arranged as fin, mark 12 is embodiment of a kind of long strip shape hovel, mark 13 is embodiment of a kind of sealing member, mark 14 is embodiment of the rectangular flat effuser in a kind of cross section, in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, many flat effusers are done the parallel laminar arrangement.Fig. 9 is the local enlarged diagram of relative position, principle of work and mode of operation of shape, the adjacent fins of the permanent magnet fin in as shown in Figure 8 the finned air-magnetism separating device, and mark 11 implications are identical with mark implication among Fig. 8.Figure 10 is three-dimensional shape and the mode of operation synoptic diagram of the embodiment of another kind of finned air-magnetism separating device, mark 14 is flat effusers, mark 15 is not drawn annexes such as hovel and sealing member as the embodiment of a kind of tabular permanent magnet of fin among Figure 10.Figure 11 is the local enlarged diagram of relative position, principle of work and the mode of operation of permanent magnet fin shape, adjacent fins in as shown in figure 10 the finned air-magnetism separating device, and the implication of mark 15 is identical with mark implication among Figure 10.Figure 12 is the profile synoptic diagram of a kind of embodiment of fin tube type air-magnetism separating device, and mark 14 is flat effusers, and mark 16 is a kind of embodiment that the tabular permanent magnet of variation in thickness is arranged as fin, and mark 17 is long strip shape hovels.

Figure of description 1 to 12 has been showed a series of most preferred embodiments that relate to described air-magnetism separating device that belong to same inventive concept, and accompanying drawing is understood device main body shape, loose mail shape and principle of work and the working order that each embodiment relates to specifically.

Said air-magnetism separating device can carry out parallel connection, series combination as required, by such combination, can carry out the adjustment of unit scale; When carrying out parallel connection, series combination, the gas flow channel of the identical type of adjacent air-magnetism separating device can be shared, and this helps further dwindling the gas flow channel occupation space; The device that has been constituted after having carried out aforesaid combination is still air-magnetism separating device of the present invention, because essential features is identical, only aspect the scale of device some differences is being arranged.The embodiment of the air-magnetism separating device that Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 8, Figure 10 showed in the Figure of description has box type construction in form, such box type construction is particularly advantageous in and carries out said parallel connection, placed in-line independent assortment, helps carrying out according to application requiring adjusting, the control of whole unit scale size; For large-scale device, the combination of such box type construction also helps and overhauls, carries, assembles.

On the other hand, though showed some the optimal flow directions optimal flow angle in other words that contains the oxygen source air in the accompanying drawings, and some best installing angles of permanent magnet fin or fin, but, in fact, in all kinds of devices involved in the present invention, can allow to contain the oxygen source air and flow, skim over permanent magnet bunch, and the permanent magnet fin or the fin that are installed on the effuser outer side wall also can allow to get to install angle arbitrarily with arbitrarily angled.The shape that is opened in the suction hole on the effuser sidewall is not limit, and for example, except the long strip shape suction hole, can also get the suction hole of circular suction hole, oval suction hole or other arbitrary shape; In addition, the pore size of said suction hole is not limit.

In all kinds of devices involved in the present invention,, mainly be to be used for the oxygen-rich air that is adsorbed by magnetic field is pumped out from magnetic field again for obtaining the energy that oxygen-rich air consumes; The energy expenditure of another part is to be used to order about contain the oxygen source air and upgrade, flow, skim over permanent magnet bunch; Generally speaking, the energy that is consumed is little.In order to specify the scale of device, volume, general relationship between the gas supply capacity of device and the energy consumption power of device, with the permanent magnet fin tube group type air-magnetism separating device that Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 were showed in the Figure of description is example, if as about 4 centimetres of the diameter of the surrounding edge of the tabular permanent magnet that contains single hole of fin, if about 1 to 2 centimetre of the diameter of said hole edge, if the maximum of adjacent fin is vertically divided equally about 0.5 centimetre of profile spacing, so, on the about 30 centimetres effuser of work length, can arrange about 60 said permanent magnet fins, 60 the described hovels of correspondingly also just having an appointment respectively are arranged on the described effuser, if about 5 centimetres of the axle center spacing of adjacent effuser, so, be about 30 centimetres at one, wide about 30 centimetres, in high about 30 centimetres space, can arrange about 36 described effusers, in such device, except the fin that is positioned at the effuser end, each sheet permanent magnet fin all has two working-surfaces haply, provide 0.5 milliliter to 5 milliliters oxygen-rich air to calculate p.s. with each said working-surface, so, each this routine said effuser can provide about 60 milliliters to 600 milliliters oxygen-rich air p.s., so, the said device of whole example of total about 36 effusers can provide about 2100 milliliters to 21000 milliliters oxygen-rich air p.s., just provide p.s. about 2.1 to rise to 21 liters oxygen-rich air, per minute provides about 126 to rise to 1260 liters of oxygen-rich air, about 7.56 cubic metres to 75.6 cubic metres oxygen-rich air per hour are provided, and the energy expenditure power of whole the said device of example is estimated to be about 10 watts to 100 watts; In this example, the suitable average flow rate that contains the oxygen source air of skimming over permanent magnet bunch is estimated to be about per second and is flowed 5 centimetres to 50 centimetres.

Compare with the air-magnetism separating device form that Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are showed, under the suitable situation of air demand, obviously, has compact structure more by the air-magnetism separating device form that Fig. 6, Fig. 8 and Figure 10 showed, that is to say that installing shared space comparatively speaking can be smaller.

The big small-scale of the air-magnetism separating device that is adopted in the practical application can design according to actual needs.When said device is to be used to the room, family and individual's health care, during purposes such as medical treatment, can correspondingly adopt less unit scale, for example, can adopt to be of a size of and be about 15 centimetres, wide about 15 centimetres, high about 15 centimetres box-shaped fin tube group type device, in like manner can extrapolate such device per minute can provide oxygen-rich air about 8 to rise to 80 liters, this example plant energy consumption power is estimated to be about 1 watt to 10 watts, so little device also is portable apparatus of oxygen supply simultaneously, being most appropriate to family uses, the individual uses, being included in the room uses, use in the working spaces, on the plateau, use in anoxics such as high mountain area, the small-sized pneumatic plant of being set up in the device both can be used civilian driven by power, also can use the battery driven by power, can also there be the hand moving mode of artificial to drive, or the like.When said air-magnetism separating device is when being used to carry out technical combinations with heat preservation aeration machine or air conditioning unit or engine or combustion equipment, the scale of device just can be correspondingly big, for example, estimates on volume with the suitable scale of the air-magnetism separating device of air conditioning unit coupling and the condenser size of said air conditioning unit refrigeration system similar; On volume, estimates approximately with the suitable scale of the air-magnetism separating device of heat preservation aeration machine coupling and the gas heat exchanger size of heat preservation aeration machine similar; On volume, estimates approximately with the suitable scale of the air-magnetism separating device of fuel automobile engine coupling and the fuel tanks of automobile size similar.

Claims (33)

1. compact efficient low-energy consumption air-magnetism separating device, this air-magnetism separating device comprises:

Effuser, this effuser contains suction hole, and the position of offering of said suction hole is on the sidewall of said effuser, and,

Be installed in the many permanent magnets on the said effuser outer side wall, said permanent magnet is to do closely-spaced arrangement on said effuser outer side wall, and the said permanent magnet that is arranged on the effuser outer side wall is to be rib shape or aliform closely-spacedly.

2. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the quantity of said effuser is more than one.

3. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the mutual close magnetic pole that is installed in the permanent magnets adjacent on the effuser outer side wall is the identical magnetic pole of magnetic polarity.

4. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said permanent magnet is tabular permanent magnet.

5. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 4 is characterized in that, it is vertical mutually or approach mutual vertical that the direction of magnetization of said tabular permanent magnet and the maximum of said tabular permanent magnet are vertically divided equally section.

6. according to claim 3 or 4 or 5 described air-magnetism separating devices, it is characterized in that said permanent magnet is the permanent magnet that contains hole, and said permanent magnet is the outer side wall adjacency with the edge of said hole and said effuser.

7. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said permanent magnet is the tabular permanent magnet that contains single hole.

8. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said permanent magnet is to contain the tabular permanent magnet of quantity at more than one hole.

9. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, said air-magnetism separating device comprises hovel, and this hovel is to be installed in the crack that is made of permanent magnets adjacent, has air gap between the permanent magnet of said hovel and vicinity.

10. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said effuser is that pipe, oval tube, flat tube, streamline tube or cross section are polygonal pipe.

11., it is characterized in that said rib shape or aliform permanent magnet are the outer side wall adjacency with its part surrounding edge and said effuser according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 9 or 10 described air-magnetism separating devices.

12. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, said effuser is to make paliform, bunch shape or layered arrangement, and, extend in rib shape between the effuser or aliform permanent magnet simultaneously with the outer side wall adjacency of effuser more than one.

13. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, extend in rib shape between the effuser or aliform permanent magnet simultaneously only with the outer side wall adjacency of adjacent two effusers, said permanent magnet is tabular permanent magnet, said effuser is a flat tube, the maximum of said tabular permanent magnet is vertically divided equally section and the maximum of said adjacent effuser, and vertically to divide equally section vertical mutually or approach mutual vertical, and the said maximum of the adjacent tabular permanent magnet between the Neighbor Set tracheae is vertically divided equally section and is parallel to each other or approaches and be parallel to each other.

14. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, extend in rib shape between the effuser or aliform permanent magnet simultaneously only with the outer side wall adjacency of adjacent two effusers, said permanent magnet is tabular permanent magnet, said effuser is a flat tube, and the angle that the said maximum of the adjacent tabular permanent magnet between the Neighbor Set tracheae is vertically divided equally section is an acute angle.

15. according to claim 4 or 5 or 9 described air-magnetism separating devices, it is characterized in that, said tabular permanent magnet is the tabular permanent magnet that has thickness to change, and the thickness variation pattern of said tabular permanent magnet is to make the part of the neighbor set tracheae of permanent magnet that the thickness that increases gradually be arranged.

16. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the pole surface of said permanent magnet contains some little salient points or little burr.

17. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the marginal position with the permanent magnet adjacency of said hovel has some little salient points or little burr.

18. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described air-magnetism separating devices, it is characterized in that described permanent magnet is the agglutinating permanent magnet, said agglutinating permanent magnet mainly is to mix bonding with magnetic with binding agent to be processed into.

19. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 10 described air-magnetism separating devices, it is characterized in that, many grooves are arranged on the outer side wall of described effuser, the part edge of described permanent magnet embeds in the described groove, and the position of offering of the suction hole of described effuser is in described groove.

20. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this air-magnetism separating device comprises the pneumatic plant that is used to carry oxygen-rich air, this pneumatic plant contains induction trunk, and described effuser is communicated with the induction trunk of described pneumatic plant.

21. according to claim 1 or 20 described air-magnetism separating devices, it is characterized in that, this air-magnetism separating device comprises container, this container contains three kinds of gas passages, described three kinds of gas passages are fresh air input channel, oxygen-rich air output channel and nitrogen-rich air output channel, related rib shape or the aliform permanent magnet that is installed on the effuser outer side wall of described effuser is to be placed in the described container, and described effuser is communicated with the described oxygen-rich air output channel of described container.

22. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 21 is characterized in that, this air-magnetism separating device comprises the pneumatic plant that is used to carry fresh air, and the outlet passageway of this pneumatic plant is communicated with the described fresh air input channel of described container.

23. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 21 is characterized in that, this air-magnetism separating device comprises the pneumatic plant that is used to carry nitrogen-rich air, and the induction trunk of this pneumatic plant is communicated with the described nitrogen-rich air output channel of described container.

24. air-magnetism separating device according to claim 21 is characterized in that, is equiped with air filter on the said fresh air input channel of said container.

25. multistage enrichment system of compact efficient low-energy consumption oxygen, the multistage enrichment system of this oxygen comprises a plurality of air-magnetism separating devices, wherein, the oxygen-rich air output channel of the air-magnetism separating device of prestage is communicated with the fresh air input channel of the air-magnetism separating device of rearmounted level, and said air-magnetism separating device is the described air-magnetism separating device of claim 1.

26. multistage enrichment system of compact efficient low-energy consumption nitrogen, the multistage enrichment system of this nitrogen comprises a plurality of air-magnetism separating devices. wherein, the nitrogen-rich air output channel of the air-magnetism separating device of prestage is communicated with the fresh air input channel of the air-magnetism separating device of rearmounted level, and said air-magnetism separating device is the said air-magnetism separating device of claim 1.

27. a compact efficient low-energy consumption oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine, this oxygen enrichment heat preservation aeration machine comprises:

Gas heat exchanger, this gas heat exchanger are the thermal exchange that is used between new air of oxygen enrichment and the dirty old air, and this gas heat exchanger contains passage that is useful on the new air of conveying oxygen enrichment and the passage that is used to carry dirty old air, and,

Air-magnetism separating device, said air-magnetism separating device are the said air-magnetism separating devices of claim 1, the oxygen-rich air output channel of this air-magnetism separating device and the channel connection that is used to carry the new air of oxygen enrichment of said gas heat exchanger.

28. a compact efficient low-energy consumption oxygen enriched air conditioning machine, this oxygen enriched air conditioning machine contains:

Be used to regulate the air conditioning unit of the temperature of air and humidity, and,

Be used to provide the air-magnetism separating device of the new air that is rich in oxygen, described air-magnetism separating device is the described air-magnetism separating device of claim 1, and said air-magnetism separating device is with said air conditioning unit being installed in.

29. oxygen enriched air conditioning machine according to claim 28, it is characterized in that, this oxygen enriched air conditioning machine contains gas heat exchanger, described gas heat exchanger is the thermal exchange that is used between new air of oxygen enrichment and the dirty old air, and the oxygen-rich air output channel of said air-magnetism separating device is communicated with the new air delivery passage of oxygen enrichment of said gas heat exchanger.

30. an oxygen enriched engine, this oxygen enriched engine comprises:

Use the engine of oxygen and fuel, this engine is that this engine contains air input passage with the air that the contains oxygen engine as oxidant source, and,

Air-magnetism separating device, described air-magnetism separating device are the described air-magnetism separating devices of claim 1, and the oxygen-rich air output channel of this air-magnetism separating device is communicated with the air input passage of described engine.

31. permanent magnet that can in the compact efficient low-energy consumption air-magnetism separating device, be used as fin or fin, it is characterized in that, this permanent magnet is the tabular permanent magnet that variation in thickness is arranged, and it is vertical mutually or approach mutual vertical that the direction of magnetization of said permanent magnet and the maximum of said permanent magnet are vertically divided equally section.

32. permanent magnet according to claim 31 is characterized in that, this permanent magnet is the tabular permanent magnet that contains hole, and the variation in thickness mode of this tabular permanent magnet is to make the part of contiguous hole edge that the thickness that pursues ashamed increase be arranged.

33., it is characterized in that this permanent magnet is the agglutinating permanent magnet according to claim 31 or 32 described permanent magnets, described agglutinating permanent magnet mainly is to mix bonding with magnetic with binding agent to be processed into.

Images