CN116123086A - Electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure and working method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure and a working method thereof, wherein the compressor comprises a shaft seal, a main bearing, a movable scroll bearing, a wear-resistant gasket, a bearing seat, a movable scroll, a fixed scroll, an exhaust cavity, a back pressure cavity, a steel ball, a spring and a valve seat; the wear-resisting gasket is arranged at the middle position of the end face of the bearing seat, the regulating valve is arranged on a high-pressure and low-pressure passage of the fixed vortex disk, a throttling passage is further arranged between the regulating valve and the back pressure cavity, the bearing seat is provided with a shaft seal, and the back pressure of the movable vortex disk and the shell of the compressor are sealed. The invention reduces the pressure load acting on the bearing seat, the axial gas force acting on the movable vortex disk is larger than the gas force formed by the back pressure of the movable vortex disk when the compressor works, the back surface of the movable vortex disk is always attached to the end surface of the bearing seat when the movable vortex disk works, and the middle is provided with a wear-resistant gasket, so that the gas leakage of the back pressure cavity of the movable vortex disk is effectively prevented; by adopting the regulating valve, the oil return amount is ensured, so that the compressor can keep higher performance and low abrasion, and the reliability of the compressor is improved.

Description

Electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure and working method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioning systems for electric automobiles, in particular to an electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure and a working method thereof.

Background

The prior art air conditioning systems are currently mainly divided into two categories: an electric scroll compressor with a back pressure structure and an electric scroll compressor without a back pressure structure. Electric scroll compressor with back pressure structure: the movable and static vortex disk tooth tops of the compressor with the structure are generally not provided with sealing grooves and sealing strips, and the movable and static vortex disk axial sealing is realized by leading high-pressure gas from the exhaust cavity to the back surface of the movable disk when the compressor works, so that the movable vortex disk floats. Electric scroll compressor without back pressure: the movable and static vortex disk axial sealing is realized by floating the sealing strips through the exhaust side of the central cavity of the movable and static vortex disk when the compressor works. In addition, the oil return of the compressor with the structure is generally realized through a capillary tube arranged on the high-pressure passage and the low-pressure passage of the fixed scroll.

However, the two structures of the electric scroll compressor have the defects that the electric scroll compressor with the back pressure structure: the back of the movable disc of the structure is a back pressure cavity, and the back seal is invalid due to abrasion after the working time is long, so that high and low pressure air leakage of the compressor is caused, and the compressor is invalid. Electric scroll compressor without back pressure structure: the axial gas force born by the back surface of the movable vortex disc is relatively large, the requirement on the material strength of the bearing is relatively high, the back surface of the movable vortex disc is easily worn seriously under the condition of poor lubrication, and the compressor is further disabled due to high temperature. In addition, the capillary oil return is adopted, and the inner diameter of the capillary is only about 0.3mm, so that even if a fine filter screen is matched, the capillary is easy to block, and poor oil return is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure and the working method thereof, which effectively prevent the gas leakage of the back pressure cavity of the stop scroll, and the oil return amount is ensured by adopting the regulating valve or the throttle valve, so that the compressor can keep higher performance and low abrasion, and the reliability of the compressor is improved. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

an electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure comprising: the device comprises a shaft seal, a main bearing, a movable vortex disc bearing, a wear-resistant gasket, a bearing seat, a movable vortex disc, a fixed vortex disc, an exhaust cavity, a back pressure cavity and a regulating valve; the regulating valve consists of a steel ball, a spring and a valve seat; the wear-resistant gasket is arranged in the middle of the end face of the bearing seat, the regulating valve is arranged on a high-pressure passage and a low-pressure passage of the fixed vortex disc, and a throttling passage is arranged between the regulating valve and the back pressure cavity; the bearing seat is provided with a shaft seal, and a sealing is arranged between the movable vortex disc back pressure cavity and the compressor shell; the back of the movable vortex disk is supported on the bearing seat and meshed with the fixed vortex disk; the exhaust cavity is positioned at the center of the exhaust port of the static vortex disc; the steel ball, the spring and the valve seat of the regulating valve are pressed in the valve seat hole of the static vortex disc; the steel ball contacts with the conical surface at the bottom of the valve seat hole of the static vortex disk under the action of spring force.

Preferably, the gas pressure of the back pressure chamber is higher than the suction pressure of the compressor, but much lower than the discharge pressure of the compressor.

Preferably, the axial gas force of the movable vortex disk is greater than the gas force of the back pressure of the movable vortex disk, and the back surface of the movable vortex disk is always attached to the wear-resistant gasket on the end surface of the bearing seat when the movable vortex disk works.

Preferably, these components of the electric scroll compressor are more suitable for above 25cc/rev displacement products.

Preferably, the refrigerant gas and oil at the high pressure side of the fixed vortex disc enter the low pressure side of the fixed vortex disc for oil return after being throttled by the regulating valve.

An electric scroll compressor operating method with oil return and back pressure comprising the steps of:

step one: under the drive of a motor, the movable vortex disk and the fixed vortex disk are meshed, namely the center of the movable vortex disk surrounds the center of the fixed vortex disk and moves in a translational mode according to a certain eccentric distance, so that the processes of sucking, compressing and exhausting refrigerant gas are realized, and the exhausted gas enters an exhaust cavity through an exhaust hole in the center of the fixed vortex disk and is subjected to oil-gas separation;

step two: the steel ball of the regulating valve is pressed in the valve seat hole of the fixed vortex disc through a spring and a valve seat, the steel ball is matched with the conical surface at the bottom of the valve seat hole of the fixed vortex disc under the action of the spring force, and the pressure required after throttling is obtained through the design of the spring force;

step three: the refrigerant gas and oil at the high pressure side of the oil separated in the first step are throttled by a regulating valve and enter a movable vortex disc back pressure cavity through a throttling passage, the main bearing, the movable vortex disc bearing and the back surface of the movable vortex disc are lubricated by the oil, and the gas force of the back pressure cavity counteracts part of axial gas force acting on the movable vortex disc; the axial gas force acting on the movable vortex disk is greater than the gas force formed by the back pressure of the movable vortex disk, and the back surface of the movable vortex disk is always attached to the wear-resistant gasket on the end surface of the bearing seat when the movable vortex disk works.

Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the back surface of the movable vortex disk is always attached to the end surface of the bearing seat when the movable vortex disk works, and the middle of the movable vortex disk is provided with a wear-resistant gasket, so that gas leakage of a back pressure cavity of the movable vortex disk can be effectively prevented;

2. according to the invention, through the proper back pressure design of the back pressure cavity, the load born by the bearing seat can be effectively reduced, so that the abrasion is reduced, and the reliability of the compressor is improved;

3. the invention ensures the oil return amount by adopting the regulating valve, so that the engine can keep higher performance and low abrasion;

4. the bearing seat is provided with the shaft seal, so that the sealing between the movable vortex disc back pressure cavity and the compressor shell can be ensured; the energy efficiency ratio of the compressor product is improved, and the lubrication is reliable; simple structure, easy processing and suitability for mass production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure according to the present invention;

wherein: 1. the device comprises a back pressure cavity, a bearing seat, a movable vortex disc, a fixed vortex disc, a gas exhaust cavity, a steel ball, a spring, a valve seat, a wear-resistant gasket, a movable vortex disc bearing, a main bearing, a shaft seal and a bearing.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure, comprising: the bearing comprises a shaft seal 12, a main bearing 11, a movable vortex disc bearing 10, a wear-resistant gasket 9, a bearing seat 2, a movable vortex disc 3, a fixed vortex disc 4, an exhaust cavity 5, a back pressure cavity 1 and an adjusting valve; the regulating valve consists of a steel ball 6, a spring 7 and a valve seat 8; the wear-resistant gasket 9 is arranged in the middle of the end face of the bearing seat 2, the regulating valve is arranged on the high-pressure and low-pressure passages of the fixed vortex disk 4, and a throttling passage is arranged between the regulating valve and the back pressure cavity 1; the bearing seat 2 is provided with a shaft seal 12 which can ensure the sealing between the back pressure cavity of the movable vortex disc 3 and the compressor shell; the back of the movable vortex disk 3 is supported on the bearing seat 2 and meshed with the fixed vortex disk 4; the exhaust cavity 5 is positioned at the center of the exhaust port of the fixed vortex disc 4; the steel ball 6, the spring 7 and the valve seat 8 of the regulating valve are pressed in the valve seat hole of the fixed scroll 4; the steel ball 6 contacts with the conical surface at the bottom of the valve seat hole of the fixed scroll 4 under the action of the elastic force of the spring 7. The oil return amount of the regulating valve is ensured, so that the compressor can keep higher performance and low abrasion, and the reliability of the compressor is improved.

Preferably, after the compressor discharge gas is separated by oil and gas, a small part of the gas is throttled and throttled by a regulating valve, so that the gas pressure of the back pressure chamber 1 is higher than the suction pressure of the compressor, but is far lower than the discharge pressure of the compressor.

Preferably, the axial gas force of the movable vortex disc 3 is larger than the gas force of the back pressure of the movable vortex disc 3, and the back surface of the movable vortex disc 3 is always attached to the wear-resistant gasket 9 on the end surface of the bearing seat 2 during operation, so that the gas leakage of the back pressure cavity of the fixed vortex disc 3 is effectively prevented.

Preferably, these components of the electric scroll compressor are more suitable for above 25cc/rev displacement products.

Preferably, during operation, refrigerant gas and oil at the high pressure side enter the low pressure side after being throttled by the regulating valve, so that oil return is realized.

An electric scroll compressor operating method with oil return and back pressure comprising the steps of:

step one: under the drive of a motor, the movable vortex disk 3 and the fixed vortex disk 4 are engaged, namely the center of the movable vortex disk 3 surrounds the center of the fixed vortex disk 4 and moves in a translational motion mode according to a certain eccentric distance, so that the processes of sucking, compressing and exhausting refrigerant gas are realized, and the exhausted gas enters an exhaust cavity 5 through an exhaust hole in the center of the fixed vortex disk 4 and is subjected to oil-gas separation;

step two: the steel ball 6 of the regulating valve is pressed in a valve seat hole of the fixed scroll 4 through a spring 7 and a valve seat 8, the steel ball 6 is matched with a conical surface at the bottom of the valve seat hole of the fixed scroll 4 under the action of a spring force, and the required pressure after throttling is obtained through the design of the spring force;

step three: the refrigerant gas and oil at the high pressure side of the oil separated in the first step are throttled by a regulating valve during working, enter a back pressure cavity of the movable vortex disc 3 through a throttling passage, lubricate a main bearing 11, a movable vortex disc 3 bearing and the back surface of the movable vortex disc 3 through the oil, and the gas force of the back pressure cavity 1 counteracts part of axial gas force acting on the movable vortex disc 3; the axial gas force acting on the movable vortex disc 3 is greater than the gas force formed by the back pressure of the movable vortex disc 3, and the back surface of the movable vortex disc 3 is always attached to the wear-resistant gasket 9 on the end surface of the bearing seat 2 during operation, so that the gas leakage of a back pressure cavity of the movable vortex disc can be effectively prevented, the load of the back surface of the movable vortex disc 3 on the wear-resistant gasket 9 on the bearing seat 2 is reduced, the friction power is reduced, the abrasion at the position and the input power of the compressor are reduced, the strength requirement on the bearing seat 2 is reduced, and the performance and the reliability of the compressor are improved.

The working principle of the electric scroll compressor is as follows: the high-pressure gas is changed into low-pressure gas with a certain pressure range through the throttle valve and the throttle passage, and a back pressure cavity is formed. The oil separated by oil and gas also enters the back pressure cavity 1 to lubricate the back surface of the movable vortex disk 3, the main bearing 11, the eccentric pin part and the movable vortex disk bearing.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, one skilled in the art may make modifications and equivalents to the specific embodiments of the present invention, and any modifications and equivalents not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure comprising: the device comprises a shaft seal, a main bearing, a movable vortex disk bearing, a wear-resistant gasket, a bearing seat, a movable vortex disk, a static vortex disk and an exhaust cavity; the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises a back pressure cavity and a regulating valve; the regulating valve consists of a steel ball, a spring and a valve seat; the wear-resistant gasket is arranged in the middle of the end face of the bearing seat, the regulating valve is arranged on a high-pressure passage and a low-pressure passage of the fixed vortex disc, and a throttling passage is arranged between the regulating valve and the back pressure cavity; the bearing seat is provided with a shaft seal, and a sealing is arranged between the movable vortex disc back pressure cavity and the compressor shell; the back of the movable vortex disk is supported on the bearing seat and meshed with the fixed vortex disk; the exhaust cavity is positioned at the center of the exhaust port of the static vortex disc; the steel ball, the spring and the valve seat of the regulating valve are pressed in the valve seat hole of the static vortex disc; the steel ball contacts with the conical surface at the bottom of the valve seat hole of the static vortex disk under the action of spring force.

2. An electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the gas pressure of the back pressure chamber is higher than the suction pressure of the compressor, but much lower than the discharge pressure of the compressor.

3. An electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the axial gas force of the movable vortex disk is greater than the gas force of the back pressure of the movable vortex disk, and the back surface of the movable vortex disk is always attached to the wear-resistant gasket on the end surface of the bearing seat when the movable vortex disk works.

4. An electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure as set forth in claim 1 wherein: and refrigerant gas and oil at the high pressure side of the fixed vortex disc enter the low pressure side of the fixed vortex disc to return oil after being throttled by the regulating valve.

5. A method of operating an electric scroll compressor with oil return and back pressure as set forth in any one of claims 1-4 comprising the steps of:

step one: under the drive of a motor, the movable vortex disk and the fixed vortex disk are meshed, namely the center of the movable vortex disk surrounds the center of the fixed vortex disk and moves in a translational mode according to a certain eccentric distance, so that the processes of sucking, compressing and exhausting refrigerant gas are realized, and the exhausted gas enters an exhaust cavity through an exhaust hole in the center of the fixed vortex disk and is subjected to oil-gas separation;

step two: the steel ball of the regulating valve is pressed in the valve seat hole of the fixed vortex disc through a spring and a valve seat, the steel ball is matched with the conical surface at the bottom of the valve seat hole of the fixed vortex disc under the action of the spring force, and the pressure required after throttling is obtained through the design of the spring force;

step three: the refrigerant gas and oil at the high pressure side of the oil separated in the first step are throttled by a regulating valve and enter a movable vortex disc back pressure cavity through a throttling passage, the main bearing, the movable vortex disc bearing and the back surface of the movable vortex disc are lubricated by the oil, and the gas force of the back pressure cavity counteracts part of axial gas force acting on the movable vortex disc; the axial gas force acting on the movable vortex disk is greater than the gas force formed by the back pressure of the movable vortex disk, and the back surface of the movable vortex disk is always attached to the wear-resistant gasket on the end surface of the bearing seat when the movable vortex disk works.

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