CN116118182A - Manufacturing system adopting laser fusion forming - Google Patents

Manufacturing system adopting laser fusion forming Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116118182A
CN116118182A CN202310250162.XA CN202310250162A CN116118182A CN 116118182 A CN116118182 A CN 116118182A CN 202310250162 A CN202310250162 A CN 202310250162A CN 116118182 A CN116118182 A CN 116118182A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
laser
wire
heated
laser beam
total reflection
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310250162.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
齐宝华
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Beijing Zhifang Photoelectric Technology Co ltd
Original Assignee
Beijing Zhifang Photoelectric Technology Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Zhifang Photoelectric Technology Co ltd filed Critical Beijing Zhifang Photoelectric Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202310250162.XA priority Critical patent/CN116118182A/en
Publication of CN116118182A publication Critical patent/CN116118182A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
    • B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
    • B29C64/135—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask the energy source being concentrated, e.g. scanning lasers or focused light sources
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The manufacturing system comprises a wire to be heated, a substrate, a laser emission unit and an additive manufacturing unit, wherein the additive manufacturing unit comprises a wire feeding device, a heat dissipation connecting column and a light-transmitting printing spray head which are sequentially arranged along a straight line, the laser emission unit is arranged on one side of the additive manufacturing unit and is used for emitting a laser beam to the wire to be heated, the laser beam is incident to the light-transmitting printing spray head, which is close to the region of the substrate, the wire to be heated is melted at the region so as to complete printing on the substrate, the incident direction of the laser beam to be heated is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the wire to be heated, the light-transmitting printing spray head can completely transmit the laser beam, and the material of the light-transmitting printing spray head is selected according to the wavelength of the laser beam. The additive manufacturing system does not form serious heat conduction and heat radiation, and equipment faults caused by more melting of wires are avoided.

Description

Manufacturing system adopting laser fusion forming
Technical Field
The invention relates to an additive manufacturing system, in particular to a fused deposition type additive manufacturing system adopting laser as a heat source.
Background
The fused deposition type laser additive manufacturing mainly adopts an electric heating mode to fuse, stack and form nonmetallic wires. The heating device is an electric heating rod, the electric heating rod is embedded into the mounting fixture of the additive manufacturing spray head, the printing spray head is heated in a heat conduction mode, and when wires pass through the printing spray head, the wires are heated by the printing spray head, so that continuous melt molding is realized. Because the electric heating rod needs to heat devices such as a clamp and a spray head, heat can be conducted to other devices, and can be conducted upwards along the spray head, the whole printing spray head assembly can be heated, when the heat is accumulated to a certain degree, the wire to be heated is heated without reaching a spray head outlet, and the problems of wire carbonization, plugs and the like occur. Therefore, in the good fused deposition type laser additive manufacturing system, only the wires reaching the vicinity of the outlet of the printing nozzle need to be fused, and the heat conduction mode of the electric heating rod inevitably leads to heat conduction to the periphery, so that the whole wires are more fused, and equipment faults occur.
This patent invents a laser direct local heating wire fused deposition material increase manufacturing system, and this system full play laser directivity is good advantage, and local direct heating waits to melt the wire, and can not form serious heat conduction and heat radiation, realizes that the heating region is accurate controllable, solves traditional electrical heating's heat conduction scope too widely, the wire melting problem in advance that leads to.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a manufacturing system adopting laser fusion forming, which comprises a wire to be heated, a substrate, a laser emission unit and an additive manufacturing unit, wherein the additive manufacturing unit comprises a wire feeding device, a heat dissipation connecting column and a light-transmitting printing spray head which are sequentially arranged along a straight line, the laser emission unit is arranged at one side of the additive manufacturing unit and is used for emitting a laser beam to the wire to be heated, the laser beam is incident to a region of the light-transmitting printing spray head, which is close to the substrate, the wire to be heated is fused at the region so as to complete printing on the substrate, the incident direction of the laser beam on the wire to be heated is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the wire to be heated, the light-transmitting printing spray head can completely transmit the laser beam, and the material of the light-transmitting printing spray head is selected according to the wavelength of the laser beam.
Further, the printing nozzle is of a cuboid structure, the laser emission unit comprises a laser generator, a first 45-degree total reflection mirror and a second 45-degree total reflection mirror, the first 45-degree total reflection mirror and the second 45-degree total reflection mirror are plated with 45-degree total reflection films, the total reflection films are selected according to the wavelength of the laser beam, the laser generator emits an initial laser beam perpendicular to the conveying direction of the wire to be heated, and the laser beam is emitted into the printing nozzle in the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the wire to be heated after being reflected twice by the first 45-degree total reflection mirror and the second 45-degree total reflection mirror.
Further, the laser emitting unit further includes a focusing mirror disposed between the first and second 45 ° total reflection mirrors, which focuses the energy of the laser beam to form an incident laser beam having more concentrated energy.
Further, the printing nozzle of printing that is printing that the printing is passed through is prismatic structure, the prism structure is being close to one end department of base plate forms 45 hypotenuses, 45 total reflection membrane has been plated to the hypotenuse, total reflection membrane's material is according to the wavelength of laser beam is selected, printing that is printing that printing is passed through is spouted the printing is spouted the area that is close to one end of heat dissipation spliced pole is greater than being close to one end of base plate's area, laser emission unit includes laser generator and first 45 total reflection mirror, laser generator emits the initial laser beam that is perpendicular to the wire direction of delivery that waits to heat, after the reflection of first 45 total reflection mirror, perpendicular incidence is gone into printing the printing is spouted in the printing that is printing to pass through to the hypotenuse.
Further, the laser emission unit further comprises a focusing mirror, wherein the focusing mirror is arranged between the first 45-degree total reflection mirror and the light-transmitting printing nozzle, and after focusing the energy of the laser beam, an incident laser beam with more concentrated energy is formed.
Further, a first through hole for the wire to be heated to pass through is formed in the two opposite end surfaces of the heat dissipation connecting column, a second through hole for the wire to be heated to pass through is formed in the two opposite end surfaces of the light-transmitting printing spray head, the first through hole and the second through hole are coaxial and are in through connection, the first through hole and the second through hole are circular holes, and the diameter of the circular holes is larger than that of the wire to be heated; or the first through hole is a round hole, the second through hole is a conical hole, the conical hole is formed by gradually reducing the diameter of the light-transmitting printing spray head close to the nozzle on the basis of the round hole, and the minimum diameter of the conical hole is slightly larger than that of the wire to be heated.
Further, the wire feeding device comprises a driving wire feeding wheel and a driven wire feeding wheel, wherein the driving wire feeding wheel and the driven wire feeding wheel rotate in opposite directions, and clamp and convey the wire to be heated to move towards the direction of the substrate.
Further, when the wavelength of the laser beam is 800-1100nm, the material of the light-transmitting printing nozzle is quartz or K9 glass or other materials capable of transmitting the laser with the wavelength; when the wavelength of the laser beam is 10.6 mu m, the material of the light-transmitting printing spray head is zinc selenide or other materials capable of transmitting the laser with the wavelength.
Drawings
To further illustrate the details of the invention, the invention is further described below in conjunction with the examples and the figures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a light-transmitting printing head according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a light-transmitting printing head according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a tapered hole structure of a light-transmissive printing head according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a tapered hole structure of a light-transmissive printing head according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the embodiments
Referring to fig. 1-2 of the drawings, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a manufacturing system using laser melt forming, which includes a wire 3 to be heated, a substrate 6 to be printed, an additive manufacturing unit disposed above the substrate 6, and a laser emitting unit disposed beside the additive manufacturing unit.
The additive manufacturing unit is sequentially provided with a wire feeder, a heat dissipation connecting column 2 and a light-transmitting printing spray head 1 from top to bottom, the wire feeder conveys a wire 3 to be heated to a substrate 6, and the light-transmitting printing spray head 1 can completely transmit an incident laser beam.
Preferably, the wire feeding device comprises a driving wire feeding wheel 4 and a driven wire feeding wheel 5 which are respectively arranged on two sides of the wire 3 to be heated, the driving wire feeding wheel 4 rotates clockwise, the driven wire feeding wheel 5 rotates anticlockwise, the wire 3 to be heated is clamped to move towards the direction of the substrate through friction force, and the wire feeding device simultaneously improves the moving stability of the wire 3 to be heated.
Preferably, the scattering connection column 2 has a cylindrical structure, a first through hole is arranged at the center of the upper end face and the lower end face, preferably, the first through hole is a through round hole, the diameter of the round hole is slightly larger than that of the wire 3 to be heated, and the light-transmitting printing spray head 1 is arranged below the heat dissipation connection column 2.
Preferably, the transparent printing nozzle 1 has a cuboid structure, a second through hole is arranged at the center of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the transparent printing nozzle, preferably, the second through hole is a through round hole, the diameter of the round hole is slightly larger than that of the wire 3 to be heated, the through round hole of the transparent printing nozzle 1 is coaxially connected with the through round hole of the heat dissipation connecting column 2, a round hole channel is formed, the wire 3 to be heated passes through the round hole channel, and is continuously conveyed to the surface of the substrate 6.
The material of the transparent printing head 1 is selected according to the wavelength of the laser beam 14, for example: the transparent printing head 1 may be selected from quartz material or K9 glass if the laser generator 7 emits laser light of 800-1100nm wavelength, and the transparent printing head 1 may be selected from zinc selenide material if the laser generator 7 emits laser light of 10.6 μm wavelength.
The laser emission unit comprises a laser generator 7 for emitting a laser beam to the wire 3 to be heated, the laser beam is incident to a region, close to the nozzle of the transparent printing nozzle 1, of the side surface of the transparent printing nozzle 1, the region is close to the substrate 6, and the incident direction of the laser beam is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the wire 3 to be heated.
Preferably, the laser emission unit further includes a first 45 ° total reflection mirror 8 and a second 45 ° total reflection mirror 10, the two 45 ° total reflection mirrors 8 and 10 are both plated with 45 ° total reflection films, the total reflection films are selected according to the wavelength of the laser beam, the connection line of the two 45 ° total reflection mirrors 8 and 10 is perpendicular to the connection direction of the laser generator 7 and the first 45 ° total reflection mirror 8, and after the two 45 ° total reflection mirrors reflect twice by 90 °, the direction of the laser beam is parallel to the direction of the initial laser beam emitted by the laser generator 7.
It is further preferable that a focusing mirror 9 is provided between the two 45 ° total reflection mirrors 8, 10, which can focus the laser beam so that the laser energy incident on the light-transmitting print head 1 is more concentrated.
The working process comprises the following steps: after passing through the driving wire feeding wheel 4 and the driven wire feeding wheel 5, the wire 3 to be heated sequentially enters a circular channel in the heat dissipation connecting column 2 and the light-transmitting printing spray head 1, moves towards the surface of the substrate 6 to be printed, the laser generator 7 emits a beam of laser beam 14 perpendicular to the wire 3 to be heated, the laser beam 14 irradiates the surface of the first 45-degree reflecting mirror 8, the first 45-degree reflecting mirror 8 folds the laser beam by 90 degrees and then is parallel to the wire 3 to be heated, the laser beam is focused by the focusing mirror 9 and then enters the surface of the second 45-degree reflecting mirror 10, the second 45-degree reflecting mirror 10 folds the laser beam by 90 degrees to form the laser beam perpendicular to the wire 3 to be heated, the laser beam enters the region of the light-transmitting printing spray head 1 close to the end nozzle thereof, the wire 3 to be heated conveyed to the position is melted, the melted wire 3 is pushed by the subsequent wire to be heated, and the nozzle of the light-transmitting printing spray head 1 is sprayed onto the surface to be printed on the substrate 6, and printing is completed.
Referring to fig. 3-4 of the drawings, the light-transmitting print head 11 is a prism structure, as shown in fig. 4, the prism structure forms a 45 ° oblique side near one end of the substrate 6, the oblique side is plated with a 45 ° total reflection film, the material of the total reflection film is selected according to the wavelength of the incident laser beam, and the area of the light-transmitting print head 11 of the prism structure near one end of the heat dissipation connection post 2 is larger than the area near one end of the substrate 6.
The laser generator 7 emits a laser beam 14 perpendicular to the wire 3 to be heated, the laser beam is directly injected into a 45-degree inclined edge of the prism structure after passing through the first 45-degree total reflection mirror 8 and the focusing mirror 9, and then is injected into the wire 3 to be heated at a nozzle area close to the light-transmitting printing nozzle 11 after passing through total reflection of the 45-degree inclined edge, so that the wire 3 to be heated at the area is melted, and the melted wire 3 enters the surface to be printed of the substrate 6 after passing through the nozzle.
Referring to fig. 5-6, the second through hole of the transparent printing nozzle 1, 11 is a tapered hole near the nozzle, and the rest is a circular hole, namely: the second through hole is a conical hole, the diameter of the light-transmitting printing spray head (1) close to the nozzle is gradually reduced to form the conical hole on the basis of the round hole, and the conical hole can improve printing precision and wire outlet pressure of the tail end of the printing spray head.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. The manufacturing system adopting laser fusion forming comprises a wire (3) to be heated, a substrate (6), a laser emission unit and an additive manufacturing unit, and is characterized in that: the additive manufacturing unit comprises wire feeding devices (4, 5), heat dissipation connecting columns (2) and light-transmitting printing spray heads (1, 11) which are sequentially arranged along a straight line, the laser emission unit is arranged on one side of the additive manufacturing unit and is used for emitting laser beams (14) to the wires (3) to be heated, the laser beams (14) are incident to the light-transmitting printing spray heads (1) and are close to the area of the substrate (6), the wires (3) to be heated are melted at the area so as to finish printing the substrate (6), the incident direction of the laser beams to be heated is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the wires to be heated, the light-transmitting printing spray heads (1, 11) can completely transmit the laser beams (14), and the materials of the light-transmitting printing spray heads (1, 11) are selected according to the wavelength of the laser beams (14).
2. A manufacturing system employing laser melt molding as described in claim 1, wherein: the printing device is characterized in that the printing spray head (1) is of a cuboid structure, the laser emission unit comprises a laser generator (7), a first 45-degree total reflection mirror (8) and a second 45-degree total reflection mirror (10), the first 45-degree total reflection mirror and the second 45-degree total reflection mirror (8, 10) are plated with 45-degree total reflection films, the total reflection films are selected according to the wavelength of the laser beams, the laser generator (7) emits an initial laser beam (14) perpendicular to the conveying direction of the wire (3) to be heated, and the laser beam (14) is emitted into the printing spray head (1) in the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the wire to be heated after being reflected twice by the first 45-degree total reflection mirror and the second 45-degree total reflection mirror (8, 10).
3. A manufacturing system employing laser melt molding as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the laser emission unit further comprises a focusing mirror (9), wherein the focusing mirror (9) is arranged between the first and the second 45-degree total reflection mirrors (10) and focuses the energy of the laser beam (14) to form an incident laser beam with more concentrated energy.
4. A manufacturing system employing laser melt molding as described in claim 1, wherein: the printing device is characterized in that the printing nozzle (11) is of a prism structure, a 45-degree inclined edge is formed at one end of the printing nozzle, which is close to the substrate (6), the inclined edge is plated with a 45-degree total reflection film, the material of the total reflection film is selected according to the wavelength of the laser beam, the area of the printing nozzle (11), which is close to one end of the heat dissipation connecting column (2), is larger than the area of the printing nozzle, which is close to one end of the substrate (6), the laser emission unit comprises a laser generator (7) and a first 45-degree total reflection mirror (8), the laser generator (7) emits an initial laser beam (14) perpendicular to the conveying direction of the wire (3) to be heated, after being reflected by the first 45-degree total reflection mirror, the laser beam is perpendicularly incident into the printing nozzle (11), and after being totally reflected by the inclined edge, the laser beam is incident into the wire (3) to be heated in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the wire (4) to be heated.
5. A manufacturing system employing laser melt molding as described in claim 4, wherein: the laser emission unit further comprises a focusing mirror (9), wherein the focusing mirror (9) is arranged between the first 45-degree total reflection mirror (8) and the light-transmitting printing spray head (11), and after focusing the energy of the laser beam (14), an incident laser beam with more concentrated energy is formed.
6. A manufacturing system employing laser melt forming according to any of the preceding claims, wherein: a first through hole for the wire (3) to pass through is formed in the two opposite end surfaces of the heat dissipation connecting column (2), a second through hole for the wire (3) to pass through is formed in the two opposite end surfaces of the light-transmitting printing spray head (1), the first through hole and the second through hole are coaxial and are in through connection, the first through hole and the second through hole are round holes, and the diameter of the round holes is larger than that of the wire (3) to be heated; or the first through hole is a round hole, the second through hole is a conical hole, the conical hole is formed by gradually reducing the diameter of the light-transmitting printing spray head (1) close to the nozzle on the basis of the round hole, and the minimum diameter of the conical hole is slightly larger than that of the wire (3) to be heated.
7. A manufacturing system employing laser melt molding as described in claim 6, wherein: the wire feeding devices (4, 5) comprise driving wire feeding wheels (4) and driven wire feeding wheels (5), the driving wire feeding wheels (4) and the driven wire feeding wheels (5) rotate in opposite directions, and clamp and convey the wire (3) to be heated to move towards the substrate (6).
8. A manufacturing system employing laser melt molding as described in claim 6, wherein: when the wavelength of the laser beam is 800-1100nm, the material of the light-transmitting printing nozzle (1) is quartz or K9 glass or other materials capable of transmitting the laser with the wavelength; when the wavelength of the laser beam is 10.6 mu m, the material of the light-transmitting printing spray head (1) is zinc selenide or other materials capable of transmitting the laser with the wavelength.
CN202310250162.XA 2023-03-15 2023-03-15 Manufacturing system adopting laser fusion forming Pending CN116118182A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310250162.XA CN116118182A (en) 2023-03-15 2023-03-15 Manufacturing system adopting laser fusion forming

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310250162.XA CN116118182A (en) 2023-03-15 2023-03-15 Manufacturing system adopting laser fusion forming

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116118182A true CN116118182A (en) 2023-05-16

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ID=86295751

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310250162.XA Pending CN116118182A (en) 2023-03-15 2023-03-15 Manufacturing system adopting laser fusion forming

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116118182A (en)

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