CN116109632B - Method, device, equipment and medium for detecting geometric accuracy of aircraft surface - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment and medium for detecting geometric accuracy of aircraft surface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, a device, equipment and a medium for detecting the geometric precision of an aircraft surface, which solve the technical problem of low reliability of detection results of the existing method for detecting the geometric precision of the aircraft surface. The method comprises the following steps: scanning the surface to be detected to obtain cloud of detection points to be detected; acquiring a first point cloud according to a first straight line in the cloud of the point to be detected; acquiring a second point cloud according to the fitting plane of the cloud of the point to be detected and the first straight line; according to the second point cloud, evaluating the geometric accuracy of the first direction to obtain an evaluation result; and returning to the step of acquiring the first point cloud according to the connection line of any two points in the cloud to be detected until the number of the acquired evaluation results is greater than the preset number, and obtaining a detection result. The method and the device can improve the comprehensiveness of the detection result, so that the reliability of the detection result is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of digital manufacturing of aircrafts, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a medium for detecting geometrical accuracy of an aircraft surface.
Background
In the modern aircraft design process, for use and maintenance convenience, a plurality of detachable covers are designed on the surface of an aircraft generally, and the cover sealing becomes a key technology, if the sealing is not tight, substances such as rain, water vapor, dust and the like can enter the aircraft body, so that the work of key electronic elements is influenced, and great hidden danger is caused to flight safety. When the aircraft surface flap is connected to the aircraft fuselage, the joint strip is bonded at the connecting part and is sealed through the pressing force of the bolt, and the geometric accuracy of the surface of the bonded joint strip plays a decisive role in the sealing effect: the higher the geometric accuracy of the surface is, the higher the bonding degree of the sealing rubber strip and the compression plane of the flap is, and the better the sealing effect is. Therefore, after the sealing rubber strip is pasted, the extraction and evaluation of the geometric accuracy of the surface of the sealing rubber strip are very important.
In the prior art, the detection of the surface precision of the airplane is mainly compared through a clamping plate tool, and the problem of low reliability of an evaluation result exists.
The foregoing is merely provided to facilitate an understanding of the principles of the present application and is not admitted to be prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the application is to provide a method, a device, equipment and a medium for detecting the geometric precision of the surface of an airplane, and aims to solve the technical problem that the existing method for detecting the geometric precision of the surface of the airplane has low detection precision.
To achieve the above object, the present application provides a method for detecting geometric accuracy of an aircraft surface, the method comprising the steps of:
scanning the surface to be detected to obtain cloud of detection points to be detected;
acquiring a first point cloud according to a first straight line in the cloud of to-be-detected points, wherein the first straight line is a connecting line of a first point and a second point in the cloud of to-be-detected points, and the first point and the second point are any two points in the cloud of to-be-detected points;
acquiring a second point cloud according to the fitting plane of the point cloud to be detected and the first straight line, wherein a plane which passes through the first straight line and is perpendicular to the fitting plane is a first plane;
according to the second point cloud, evaluating the geometric accuracy of a first direction to obtain an evaluation result, wherein the first direction is the direction in which the first point points to the second point;
and returning to the step of acquiring the first point cloud according to the connection line of any two points in the cloud to be detected until the number of the acquired evaluation results is greater than the preset number, and obtaining a detection result.
As some optional embodiments of the present application, the step of obtaining a first point cloud according to a first straight line in the cloud of points to be detected includes:
according to a random number algorithm, any two points in the cloud of the to-be-detected points are obtained and respectively marked as a first point and a second point;
acquiring the first straight line according to the first point and the second point;
and acquiring a first point cloud according to the cloud to be detected and the first straight line, wherein the distance between the point of the first point cloud and the first straight line is smaller than a preset distance.
As some optional embodiments of the present application, the step of obtaining a second point cloud according to the fitting plane of the cloud of points to be detected and the first straight line includes:
performing plane fitting on the cloud of the detection points to be detected according to a least square fitting method to obtain a fitting plane;
a plane which is perpendicular to the fitting plane and passes through the first straight line is obtained and is marked as a first plane;
and acquiring a second point cloud according to a preset method and the first plane.
As some optional embodiments of the present application, the step of obtaining, according to a preset method and the first plane, a second point cloud includes:
acquiring an initial point according to the distance between each point in the first point cloud and the first straight line, and acquiring the initial point, wherein the distance between the initial point and the first straight line is minimum and is not 0;
establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system by taking the vertical projection of the initial point on the first plane as an origin, wherein the three-dimensional coordinate system takes a connecting line of the initial point and the origin as an X axis, takes a first direction as a Y axis, and the first direction is the direction of the first straight line;
acquiring a first target point with the minimum distance from the initial point from all points in a first quadrant and a fifth quadrant of the three-dimensional coordinate system according to the first point cloud;
acquiring a second target point with the minimum distance from the initial point from all points in a fourth quadrant and an eighth quadrant of the three-dimensional coordinate system according to the first point cloud;
respectively establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system by taking the first target point and the second target point as original points, returning to the step of acquiring a first target point with the minimum distance from the initial point in all points of a first quadrant and a fifth quadrant of the three-dimensional coordinate system according to the first point cloud until no point exists in a preset searching range, and obtaining an intermediate point cloud;
sequentially connecting all points in the intermediate point cloud along the first direction to obtain a first broken line;
and obtaining a second point cloud according to the intersection point of the first folding line and the first plane.
As some optional embodiments of the present application, the geometric accuracy of the direction of the connecting line is evaluated according to the second point cloud, so as to obtain an evaluation result:
establishing a plane coordinate system, wherein the plane coordinate system takes the first point as an original point, takes the first direction as an X axis and takes a normal vector of the first plane passing through the first point as a Y axis;
sequentially connecting all points in the second point cloud along the first direction to obtain a second broken line;
acquiring the areas of the second fold lines and the X axis of the plane coordinate system and the projection length of the second fold lines on the X axis;
when the ratio of the area to the projection length is greater than a preset qualification threshold, the evaluation result is unqualified;
otherwise, the evaluation result is qualified.
As some optional embodiments of the present application, the step of returning the connection line according to any two points in the cloud to be detected to obtain the first point cloud until the number of the obtained evaluation results is greater than a preset number, and the step of obtaining the detection result includes:
returning to the step of acquiring a first point cloud according to the connection line of any two points in the cloud to be detected until the preset number of evaluation results are obtained;
acquiring qualified quantity according to all the evaluation results;
and obtaining a detection result according to the qualified quantity and the preset quantity.
As some optional embodiments of the present application, the preset number is greater than 1000.
In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present application further provides an aircraft surface geometric accuracy detection device, which includes:
the scanning module is used for scanning the surface to be detected to obtain cloud of detection points to be detected;
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a first point cloud according to a first straight line in the cloud of to-be-detected points, wherein the first straight line is a connection line between a first point and a second point in the cloud of to-be-detected points, and the first point and the second point are any two points in the cloud of to-be-detected points;
the second acquisition module acquires a second point cloud according to the fitting plane of the cloud of the point to be detected and the first straight line, wherein the first plane passes through the first straight line and is perpendicular to the fitting plane;
the first evaluation module is used for evaluating the geometric accuracy of a first direction according to the second point cloud to obtain an evaluation result, wherein the first direction is the direction in which the first point points to the second point;
and the second evaluation module is used for controlling the first acquisition module, the second acquisition module and the second acquisition module to be executed circularly until the number of the acquired evaluation results is greater than a preset number, so as to obtain detection results.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application further provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor, at least one memory, and computer program instructions stored in the memory, which when executed by the processor, implement the method as described above.
To solve the above technical problem, the present application further proposes a storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement a method as described above.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the method, the device, the equipment and the medium for detecting the geometric precision of the surface of the airplane, the cloud of the detection point to be detected is obtained by scanning the surface to be detected; acquiring a first point cloud according to a first straight line in the cloud of to-be-detected points, wherein the first straight line is a connecting line of a first point and a second point in the cloud of to-be-detected points, and the first point and the second point are any two points in the cloud of to-be-detected points; acquiring a second point cloud according to the fitting plane of the cloud of the point to be detected and the first straight line, wherein the first plane passes through the first straight line and is perpendicular to the fitting plane; according to the second point cloud, evaluating the geometric accuracy of a first direction to obtain an evaluation result, wherein the first direction is the direction in which the first point points to the second point; and returning to the step of acquiring the first point cloud according to the connection line of any two points in the cloud to be detected until the number of the acquired evaluation results is greater than the preset number, and obtaining a detection result. According to the aircraft surface geometric precision detection method, the surface to be detected is measured through non-contact measurement, deformation of the surface to be detected is avoided in the measurement process, secondary damage of the surface to be detected is caused, and accuracy of detection results is improved; in addition, compared with the prior art, only one linear direction can be measured, the point cloud is processed through an algorithm, data acquisition can be carried out on a plurality of linear directions, evaluation is more comprehensive, and therefore reliability of a final detection result is improved; finally, the scheme of the method only needs manual intervention in the scanning step, other steps are automatically completed through an algorithm, and the degree of automation is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting geometric accuracy of an aircraft surface according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cloud of points to be detected according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second point cloud according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first fold line according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for detecting geometric accuracy of an aircraft surface according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below, and in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely configured to illustrate the invention and are not configured to limit the invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the invention by showing examples of the invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
In the modern aircraft design process, for use and maintenance convenience, a plurality of detachable covers are designed on the surface of an aircraft generally, and the cover sealing becomes a key technology, if the sealing is not tight, substances such as rain, water vapor, dust and the like can enter the aircraft body, so that the work of key electronic elements is influenced, and great hidden danger is caused to flight safety. When the aircraft surface flap is connected to the aircraft fuselage, the joint strip is bonded at the connecting part and is sealed through the pressing force of the bolt, and the geometric accuracy of the surface of the bonded joint strip plays a decisive role in the sealing effect: the higher the geometric accuracy of the surface is, the higher the bonding degree of the sealing rubber strip and the compression plane of the flap is, and the better the sealing effect is. Therefore, after the sealing rubber strip is pasted, the extraction and evaluation of the geometric accuracy of the surface of the sealing rubber strip are very important.
The traditional aircraft surface accuracy detection is mainly compared through a clamping plate tool, one side of a rectangular edge of the detection tool is lightly clung to a sealing rubber strip to be detected, the clearance between the rectangular edge and the sealing rubber strip is measured through a feeler gauge, and the surface geometric accuracy is evaluated by taking the average value of a plurality of measurement results. The method is essentially that the evaluation length is the rectangular side length of the detection tool, and the application range of the detection tool is narrow; meanwhile, the detection method is contact type detection, the sealing rubber strip is compressed, and the detection compacting force has a large influence on the detection result; each time the detection direction is different, the consistency of the detection data results is poor.
In order to solve the above problems, as shown in fig. 1, the present application provides a method for detecting geometric accuracy of an aircraft surface, the method comprising the following steps:
s1, scanning a surface to be detected to obtain cloud of points to be detected;
specifically, firstly, scanning a surface to be detected through a three-dimensional scanner to obtain cloud of points to be detected, wherein the surface to be detected can be a sealing rubber strip of an aircraft surface or a surface of a flexible material, and the flexible material comprises but is not limited to paint, glue coating and the like; in an embodiment, in order to enable the cloud to be detected obtained by scanning to meet the precision requirement, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent geometric precision evaluation, the scanning point cloud density of the three-dimensional scanner is set to be a preset density, namely, the minimum distance between points in the acquired point cloud, the preset density can be set by a user according to the actual condition of the surface to be detected, and the preset density is too large, so that the precision of the acquired cloud to be detected is reduced, and in a specific embodiment, the preset density is 0.3mm, and the acquired cloud to be detected is shown in fig. 2.
S2, acquiring a first point cloud according to a first straight line in the cloud of to-be-detected points, wherein the first straight line is a connection line between a first point and a second point in the cloud of to-be-detected points, and the first point and the second point are any two points in the cloud of to-be-detected points;
specifically, a first point cloud is obtained according to a first straight line in the cloud of to-be-detected points, wherein the first straight line is a connection line between a first point and a second point in the cloud of to-be-detected points, the first point and the second point are any two points in the cloud of to-be-detected points, the first point cloud is a point near the first straight line in the cloud of to-be-detected points, and as the first point and the second point are any two points in the cloud of to-be-detected points, different first straight lines are obtained through multiple times of obtaining the first point and the second point or different first straight lines are removed, so that different first point clouds can be obtained, surface precision in different directions can be extracted in the follow-up process, a detection result is obtained, and the comprehensiveness and reliability of evaluation are ensured.
As some optional embodiments of the present application, the step of obtaining a first point cloud according to a first straight line in the cloud of points to be detected includes:
s21, acquiring any two points in the cloud of the to-be-detected points according to a random number algorithm, and respectively marking the points as a first point and a second point;
specifically, firstly, any two points in the cloud of the to-be-detected points are acquired according to a random number algorithm, and are respectively marked as a first point and a second point, wherein the random number algorithm comprises, but is not limited to, a linear congruence method and a Meissen rotation algorithm, when the first point and the second point are acquired for multiple times, the first point and the second point acquired each time are not overlapped, the point acquired each time is different, so that the surface precision in different directions can be extracted later, a detection result is obtained, and the comprehensiveness and the reliability of evaluation are ensured.
S22, acquiring the first straight line according to the first point and the second point;
after the first point and the second point are obtained, the first straight line can be obtained by connecting the first point and the second point, and the point cloud near the first straight line can be conveniently evaluated according to the first straight line.
S23, acquiring a first point cloud according to the cloud to be detected and the first straight line, wherein the distance between the point of the first point cloud and the first straight line is smaller than a preset distance.
Specifically, after the first straight line is obtained, the distance between each point in the first point cloud and the first straight line is obtained, and the point with the distance smaller than the preset distance is obtained to obtain first point cloud, wherein the preset distance is larger than the point cloud density of the point cloud to be detected, namely the distance between the points of the point cloud to be detected, if the preset distance is smaller than the point cloud density, the number of the points of the first point cloud is smaller, so that the accuracy of a subsequent evaluation result is reduced, and in the embodiment, the preset distance is larger than the point cloud density; in a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the point cloud density of the cloud to be detected is 0.3mm, the point cloud density is λ, the first straight line is L (x, y, z), the preset distance is 1.5λ,
s3, acquiring a second point cloud according to the fitting plane of the cloud to be detected and the first straight line, wherein a plane which passes through the first straight line and is perpendicular to the fitting plane is a first plane;
specifically, the geometric accuracy of the plane to be detected is detected, namely, the flatness of the plane to be detected is detected, so in this step, firstly, plane fitting is performed on the cloud of the point to be detected to obtain a fitting plane, wherein the plane fitting treatment can be realized through a least square method or a RANSAC plane fitting method, and the least square method and the RANSAC plane fitting method belong to the prior art and are not repeated herein; after the fitting plane is obtained, a first plane can be obtained according to the fitting plane and the first straight line, and the first plane passes through the first straight line and is perpendicular to the fitting plane, so that the second point cloud can be a point in the first plane.
As some optional embodiments of the present application, the step of obtaining a second point cloud according to the fitting plane of the cloud of points to be detected and the first straight line includes:
s31, performing plane fitting on the cloud of the detection points to be detected according to a least square fitting method to obtain a fitting plane;
specifically, in this step, firstly, plane fitting is performed on the cloud of points to be detected by a least square fitting method, the least square method enables the fitting object to be closer to the final object by minimizing the sum of squares of errors, the fitting straight line is that a straight line is found to enable the sum of Euclidean distances from all data points to the fitting straight line to be minimum, and the fitting plane is that a plane is found to enable the Euclidean distances from all data points to the fitting plane to be minimum.
S32, acquiring a plane which is perpendicular to the fitting plane and passes through the first straight line, and marking the plane as a first plane;
specifically, fitting the cloud of to-be-detected points by using a least squares fitting method to obtain a fitting plane P (x, y, z), and setting the normal vector of the first plane Q (x, y, z) as Q= (x) Q , y Q , z Q ) The normal vector of the plane P (x, y, z) is P, the vector of the first straight line L (x, y, z) is L, wherein P, L is known, the normal vector q=p×l of the first plane Q (x, y, z) passes through the first point Pa 1= (x) because the first plane Q (x, y, z) Pa1 , y Pa1 , z Pa1 ) Then there is a first plane Q (x, y, z) expressed as:
x Q x+y Q +z Q z+d=0
wherein d= - (x) Q x Pa1 +y Q y Pa1 +z Q z Pa1 )。
S33, acquiring a second point cloud according to a preset method and the first plane.
Specifically, if points belonging to the point cloud to be detected in the first plane are directly used as second point clouds to evaluate the surface geometric accuracy, the number of the points in the second point clouds is small, and the reliability of the detection result is low, so in the embodiment, according to a preset method and the first plane, searching is performed in the first point clouds to obtain the second point clouds; the preset method comprises the following steps: acquiring an initial point in the first point cloud; and taking a point of which the initial point is perpendicularly projected onto the first plane as an original point, wherein the direction of which the initial point is perpendicularly pointed at the first plane is in an x-axis forward direction, the first direction is in a y-axis forward direction, a z-axis is determined by a right-hand rule, a coordinate system is established, searching is carried out along the first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction according to the coordinate system to obtain a second point cloud, and the first direction is the direction of which the first point is pointed at the second point.
As some optional embodiments of the present application, the step of obtaining, according to a preset method and the first plane, a second point cloud includes:
s331, acquiring an initial point according to the distance between each point in the first point cloud and the first straight line, wherein the distance between the initial point and the first straight line is minimum and is not 0;
specifically, firstly, the distance between each point in the first point cloud and the first straight line is obtained, a distance set is obtained, and an initial point is obtained through the distance set, wherein the distance between the initial point and the first straight line is minimum and is not 0.
S332, taking the vertical projection of the initial point on the first plane as an origin, and establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system, wherein the three-dimensional coordinate system takes a connecting line of the initial point and the origin as an X axis, takes a first direction as a Y axis, and the first direction is the direction of the first straight line;
in an embodiment, after the initial point is obtained, taking a point G' of the initial point G vertically projected onto the first plane as an origin, wherein a direction of the initial point vertically pointing to Q (X, Y, Z) is an X-axis forward direction, the first direction is a Y-axis forward direction, and the Z-axis is determined by a right-hand rule;
s333, according to the first point cloud, acquiring a first target point with the minimum distance from the initial point from all points in a first quadrant and a fifth quadrant of the three-dimensional coordinate system;
s334, acquiring a second target point with the minimum distance from the initial point from all points in a fourth quadrant and an eighth quadrant of the three-dimensional coordinate system according to the first point cloud;
specifically, after the coordinate system is established, searching a first target point along the first direction, searching a second target point along the second direction, wherein the first direction is the direction that the first point points to the second point, the second direction is opposite to the first direction, the first target point is the point closest to the origin in a first quadrant and a fifth quadrant of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the second target point is the point closest to the origin in a fourth quadrant and an eighth quadrant of the three-dimensional coordinate system, and searching the target point towards the first direction and the second direction can obtain points distributed on two sides of the first plane in the first point cloud as the second point cloud, so that the number of points in the second point cloud is ensured, and the reliability of a detection result is improved.
S335, respectively establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system by taking the first target point and the second target point as original points, returning to the step of acquiring a first target point with the minimum distance from the initial point in all points of a first quadrant and a fifth quadrant of the three-dimensional coordinate system according to the first point cloud until no point exists in a preset searching range, and obtaining an intermediate point cloud;
specifically, in this step, according to the obtained first target point and second target point as the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system, and returning to step S333, new first target point and second target point are continuously searched in the first point cloud along the first direction and the second direction, and when no point exists in the preset searching range, all the first target point and the second target point are used as the intermediate point cloud.
S336, sequentially connecting all points in the intermediate point cloud along the first direction to obtain a first broken line;
s337, obtaining a second point cloud according to the intersection point of the first folding line and the first plane.
Specifically, after the intermediate point cloud is obtained, as shown in fig. 4, all points in the intermediate point cloud are sequentially connected along the first direction to obtain a first broken line, and according to the intersection point of the first broken line and the first plane, a second point cloud is obtained, wherein the points in the second point cloud are points distributed on two sides of the plane to be detected, and plane precision of the plane to be detected in the first direction can be evaluated through the second point cloud.
And S4, evaluating the geometric accuracy of a first direction according to the second point cloud to obtain an evaluation result, wherein the first direction is the direction in which the first point points to the second point.
Specifically, after the second point cloud is obtained, geometric accuracy of the plane to be detected in the first direction can be evaluated according to the distance between the point in the second point cloud and the plane to be detected. In order to further improve the efficiency of obtaining the evaluation result, as some optional embodiments of the present application, the geometric accuracy of the direction of the connection line is evaluated according to the second point cloud, so as to obtain the evaluation result:
s41, establishing a plane coordinate system, wherein the plane coordinate system takes the first point as an original point, the first direction as an X axis and a normal vector of the first plane passing through the first point as a Y axis;
firstly, a plane coordinate system is established, wherein the plane coordinate system takes the first point as an original point, the first direction as an X axis and a normal vector of the first plane passing through the first point as a Y axis, and because the points in the second point cloud are the points on two sides of the fitting plane, the geometric precision of the surface to be detected can be evaluated according to the coordinate value of the points in the second point cloud in the plane coordinate system through the establishment of the plane coordinate system, the calculated amount is reduced, and the efficiency is improved.
S42, sequentially connecting all points in the second point cloud along the first direction to obtain a second broken line;
and sequentially connecting points in the second point cloud along the first direction to obtain a second fold line, and reflecting the flatness of the surface to be detected through the second fold line so as to evaluate the geometric accuracy of the surface to be detected in the first direction.
S43, acquiring the areas of the second folding lines and the X axis of the plane coordinate system and the projection length of the second folding lines on the X axis;
s44, when the ratio of the area to the projection length is greater than a preset qualification threshold, the evaluation result is unqualified;
and S45, otherwise, the evaluation result is qualified.
Specifically, after the second folding line is obtained, the area of the second folding line and the X axis of the plane coordinate system and the projection length of the second folding line on the X axis are obtained, when the ratio of the area to the projection length is greater than a preset qualification threshold, the evaluation result is unqualified, and when the ratio of the area to the projection length is less than or equal to the preset qualification threshold, the evaluation result is unqualified.
And S5, returning to the step of acquiring the first point cloud according to the connection line of any two points in the cloud to be detected until the number of the acquired evaluation results is greater than the preset number, and obtaining a detection result.
Specifically, the step of obtaining the first point cloud according to the connection line of any two points in the cloud of the to-be-detected point is returned until the number of the obtained evaluation results is greater than the preset number, and in the foregoing step, only the geometric accuracy of the surface to be detected in the first direction is evaluated, so that in order to ensure the comprehensiveness of the evaluation results, the steps S2-S4 are circularly executed, and since the first direction is determined by the points randomly obtained in the step S2, the first direction is different each time the step S2 is executed, so that the different directions of the surface to be detected can be evaluated in a circular manner until the number of the obtained evaluation results is greater than the preset number, and finally, according to all the evaluation results, the detection results are obtained, and the comprehensiveness of the evaluation is ensured.
As some optional embodiments of the present application, the step of returning the connection line according to any two points in the cloud to be detected to obtain the first point cloud until the number of the obtained evaluation results is greater than a preset number, and the step of obtaining the detection result includes:
s51, returning to the step of acquiring a first point cloud according to the connection line of any two points in the cloud to be detected until the preset number of evaluation results are obtained;
specifically, in this step, the step of obtaining the first point cloud according to the connection line between any two points in the cloud of the to-be-detected points is returned until the number of the obtained evaluation results is greater than a preset number, and in the foregoing step, only the geometric accuracy of the surface to be detected in the first direction is evaluated, so as to ensure the comprehensiveness of the evaluation results, and the steps S2-S4 are executed in a circulating manner until the number of the obtained evaluation results is greater than the preset number.
S52, acquiring qualified quantity according to all the evaluation results;
and S53, obtaining a detection result according to the qualified quantity and the preset quantity.
Specifically, the qualified number is recorded as n, the preset number is recorded as m, the detection results are calculated through n/m, the surface geometric precision of the surface to be detected in different directions is evaluated each time, the detection results are obtained through all the evaluation results, the comprehensiveness of the evaluation is ensured, and therefore the reliability of the evaluation results is improved.
According to the method, the device, the equipment and the medium for detecting the geometric precision of the surface of the airplane, the cloud of the detection point to be detected is obtained by scanning the surface to be detected; acquiring a first point cloud according to a first straight line in the cloud of to-be-detected points, wherein the first straight line is a connecting line of a first point and a second point in the cloud of to-be-detected points, and the first point and the second point are any two points in the cloud of to-be-detected points; acquiring a second point cloud according to the fitting plane of the cloud of the point to be detected and the first straight line, wherein the first plane passes through the first straight line and is perpendicular to the fitting plane; according to the second point cloud, evaluating the geometric accuracy of a first direction to obtain an evaluation result, wherein the first direction is the direction in which the first point points to the second point; and returning to the step of acquiring the first point cloud according to the connection line of any two points in the cloud to be detected until the number of the acquired evaluation results is greater than the preset number, and obtaining a detection result. According to the aircraft surface geometric precision detection method, the surface to be detected is measured through non-contact measurement, deformation of the surface to be detected is avoided in the measurement process, secondary damage of the surface to be detected is caused, and accuracy of detection results is improved; in addition, compared with the prior art, only one linear direction can be measured, the point cloud is processed through an algorithm, data acquisition can be carried out on a plurality of linear directions, evaluation is more comprehensive, and therefore reliability of a final detection result is improved; finally, the scheme of the method only needs manual intervention in the scanning step, other steps are automatically completed through an algorithm, and the degree of automation is high.
In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present application further provides an apparatus for detecting geometric accuracy of an aircraft surface, as shown in fig. 5, the apparatus includes:
the scanning module is used for scanning the surface to be detected to obtain cloud of detection points to be detected;
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a first point cloud according to a first straight line in the cloud of to-be-detected points, wherein the first straight line is a connection line between a first point and a second point in the cloud of to-be-detected points, and the first point and the second point are any two points in the cloud of to-be-detected points;
the second acquisition module acquires a second point cloud according to the fitting plane of the cloud of the point to be detected and the first straight line, wherein the first plane passes through the first straight line and is perpendicular to the fitting plane;
the first evaluation module is used for evaluating the geometric accuracy of a first direction according to the second point cloud to obtain an evaluation result, wherein the first direction is the direction in which the first point points to the second point;
and the second evaluation module is used for controlling the first acquisition module, the second acquisition module and the second acquisition module to be executed circularly until the number of the acquired evaluation results is greater than a preset number, so as to obtain detection results.
It should be noted that, each module in the aircraft surface geometric precision detection device of the present embodiment corresponds to each step in the aircraft surface geometric precision detection method in the foregoing embodiment one by one, so the specific implementation manner and the achieved technical effect of the present embodiment may refer to the implementation manner of the foregoing aircraft surface geometric precision detection method, and will not be repeated herein.
In addition, the method for detecting the geometric accuracy of the surface of the airplane according to the embodiment of the invention described in connection with fig. 1 can be implemented by an electronic device. Fig. 6 shows a schematic hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The electronic device may comprise at least one processor 301, at least one memory 302 and computer program instructions stored in the memory 302 that, when executed by the processor 301, implement the method described in the above embodiments.
In particular, the processor 301 may include a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or may be configured as one or more integrated circuits that implement embodiments of the present invention.
Memory 302 may include mass storage for data or instructions. By way of example, and not limitation, memory 302 may comprise a Hard Disk Drive (HDD), floppy Disk Drive, flash memory, optical Disk, magneto-optical Disk, magnetic tape, or universal serial bus (Universal Serial Bus, USB) Drive, or a combination of two or more of the foregoing. Memory 302 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media, where appropriate. Memory 302 may be internal or external to the data processing apparatus, where appropriate. In a particular embodiment, the memory 302 is a non-volatile solid-state memory. In particular embodiments, memory 302 includes Read Only Memory (ROM). The ROM may be mask programmed ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable PROM (EEPROM), electrically rewritable ROM (EAROM), or flash memory, or a combination of two or more of these, where appropriate.
The processor 301 implements any of the aircraft surface geometric accuracy detection methods of the above embodiments by reading and executing computer program instructions stored in the memory 302.
In one example, the electronic device may also include a communication interface and a bus. As shown in fig. 6, the processor 301, the memory 302, and the communication interface 303 are connected to each other by a bus 310 and perform communication with each other. The communication interface is mainly used for realizing communication among the modules, the devices, the units and/or the equipment in the embodiment of the invention.
The bus includes hardware, software, or both that couple the components of the electronic device to one another. By way of example, and not limitation, the buses may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), a HyperTransport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an infiniband interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a micro channel architecture (MCa) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a video electronics standards association local (VLB) bus, or other suitable bus, or a combination of two or more of the above. The bus may include one or more buses, where appropriate. Although embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated with respect to a particular bus, the invention contemplates any suitable bus or interconnect.
In addition, in combination with the method for detecting geometric accuracy of an aircraft surface in the foregoing embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by providing a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium has stored thereon computer program instructions; the computer program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement any of the aircraft surface geometric accuracy detection methods of the above embodiments.
It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular arrangements and instrumentality described above and shown in the drawings. For the sake of brevity, a detailed description of known methods is omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method processes of the present invention are not limited to the specific steps described and shown, and those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and additions, or change the order between steps, after appreciating the spirit of the present invention.
The functional blocks shown in the above-described structural block diagrams may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, it may be, for example, an electronic circuit, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), suitable firmware, a plug-in, a function card, or the like. When implemented in software, the elements of the invention are the programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segments may be stored in a machine readable medium or transmitted over transmission media or communication links by a data signal carried in a carrier wave. A "machine-readable medium" may include any medium that can store or transfer information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuitry, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio Frequency (RF) links, and the like. The code segments may be downloaded via computer networks such as the internet, intranets, etc.
It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this disclosure describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. However, the present invention is not limited to the order of the above-described steps, that is, the steps may be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or may be performed in a different order from the order in the embodiments, or several steps may be performed simultaneously.
In the foregoing, only the specific embodiments of the present invention are described, and it will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules and units described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein. It should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any equivalent modifications or substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention, and they should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for detecting geometric accuracy of an aircraft surface, the method comprising the steps of:
scanning the surface to be detected to obtain cloud of detection points to be detected;
acquiring a first point cloud according to a first straight line in the cloud of to-be-detected points, wherein the first straight line is a connection line between a first point and a second point in the cloud of to-be-detected points, and the first point and the second point are any two points in the cloud of to-be-detected points;
acquiring a second point cloud according to the fitting plane of the point cloud to be detected and the first straight line, wherein a plane which passes through the first straight line and is perpendicular to the fitting plane is a first plane;
establishing a plane coordinate system, wherein the plane coordinate system takes the first point as an original point, takes a first direction as an X axis, and takes a normal vector of the first plane passing through the first point as a Y axis, and the first direction is a direction in which the first point points to the second point;
sequentially connecting all points in the second point cloud along the first direction to obtain a second broken line;
acquiring the areas of the second fold lines and the X axis of the plane coordinate system and the projection length of the second fold lines on the X axis;
when the ratio of the area to the projection length is greater than a preset qualification threshold, the evaluation result is unqualified;
otherwise, the evaluation result is qualified;
returning to the step of acquiring a first point cloud according to the connection line of any two points in the cloud to be detected until the preset number of evaluation results are obtained;
acquiring qualified quantity according to all the evaluation results;
and obtaining a detection result according to the qualified quantity and the preset quantity.
2. The method for detecting geometric accuracy of an aircraft surface according to claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring a first point cloud from a first straight line in the cloud of points to be detected comprises:
according to a random number algorithm, any two points in the cloud of the to-be-detected points are obtained and respectively marked as a first point and a second point;
acquiring the first straight line according to the first point and the second point;
and acquiring a first point cloud according to the cloud to be detected and the first straight line, wherein the distance between the point of the first point cloud and the first straight line is smaller than a preset distance.
3. The method for detecting geometric accuracy of an aircraft surface according to claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring a second point cloud from the fitting plane of the cloud of points to be detected and the first straight line includes:
performing plane fitting on the cloud of the detection points to be detected according to a least square fitting method to obtain a fitting plane;
a plane which is perpendicular to the fitting plane and passes through the first straight line is obtained and is marked as a first plane;
and acquiring a second point cloud according to a preset method and the first plane.
4. A method of detecting geometric accuracy of an aircraft surface according to claim 3, wherein the step of obtaining a second point cloud from the predetermined method and the first plane comprises:
acquiring an initial point according to the distance between each point in the first point cloud and the first straight line, wherein the distance between the initial point and the first straight line is minimum and is not 0;
establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system by taking the vertical projection of the initial point on the first plane as an origin, wherein the three-dimensional coordinate system takes a connecting line of the initial point and the origin as an X axis, takes a first direction as a Y axis, and the first direction is the direction of the first straight line;
acquiring a first target point with the minimum distance from the initial point from all points in a first quadrant and a fifth quadrant of the three-dimensional coordinate system according to the first point cloud;
acquiring a second target point with the minimum distance from the initial point from all points in a fourth quadrant and an eighth quadrant of the three-dimensional coordinate system according to the first point cloud;
respectively establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system by taking the first target point and the second target point as original points, returning to the step of acquiring a first target point with the minimum distance from the initial point in all points of a first quadrant and a fifth quadrant of the three-dimensional coordinate system according to the first point cloud until no point exists in a preset searching range, and obtaining an intermediate point cloud;
sequentially connecting all points in the intermediate point cloud along the first direction to obtain a first broken line;
and obtaining a second point cloud according to the intersection point of the first folding line and the first plane.
5. The method for detecting the geometric accuracy of an aircraft surface according to claim 1, wherein the preset number is greater than 1000.
6. An aircraft surface geometric accuracy detection device, the device comprising:
the scanning module is used for scanning the surface to be detected to obtain cloud of detection points to be detected;
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a first point cloud according to a first straight line in the cloud of to-be-detected points, wherein the first straight line is a connection line between a first point and a second point in the cloud of to-be-detected points, and the first point and the second point are any two points in the cloud of to-be-detected points;
the second acquisition module acquires a second point cloud according to the fitting plane of the point cloud to be detected and the first straight line, wherein a plane which passes through the first straight line and is perpendicular to the fitting plane is a first plane;
the first evaluation module is used for evaluating the geometric accuracy of a first direction according to the second point cloud to obtain an evaluation result, wherein the first direction is the direction in which the first point points to the second point;
and the second evaluation module is used for controlling the first acquisition module, the second acquisition module and the second acquisition module to be executed circularly until the number of the acquired evaluation results is greater than a preset number, so as to obtain detection results.
7. An electronic device, comprising: at least one processor, at least one memory, and computer program instructions stored in the memory, which when executed by the processor, implement the method of any one of claims 1-5.
8. A storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions, which when executed by a processor, implement the method of any of claims 1-5.
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