CN116106522B - Blood analysis device - Google Patents
Blood analysis device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116106522B CN116106522B CN202310379529.8A CN202310379529A CN116106522B CN 116106522 B CN116106522 B CN 116106522B CN 202310379529 A CN202310379529 A CN 202310379529A CN 116106522 B CN116106522 B CN 116106522B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
- G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
- G01N33/49—Blood
- G01N33/4915—Blood using flow cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/14—Electro-optical investigation, e.g. flow cytometers
- G01N15/1434—Electro-optical investigation, e.g. flow cytometers using an analyser being characterised by its optical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6402—Atomic fluorescence; Laser induced fluorescence
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The application discloses a blood analysis device, wherein an optical flow module is used for forming a sample flow, and the sample flow comprises blood cells to be tested; the light source is used for emitting a light source beam to the blood cells to be detected so as to generate a fluorescent light beam, a forward scattering light beam and a side scattering light beam; the optical processing module is used for carrying out light splitting processing on the composite beam of the fluorescent light beam and the side scattering light beam, transmitting the fluorescent light beam and reflecting the side scattering light beam; the first signal processing module is used for performing signal processing on a first signal generated by receiving the fluorescent light beam, the second signal processing module is used for performing signal processing on a second signal generated by receiving the forward scattered light beam, and the third signal processing module is used for performing signal processing on a third signal generated by receiving the side scattered light beam; the electrical parameters of the operational amplifiers of the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit in the single signal processing module are all the same. Based on the mode, the accuracy of the flow detection can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of detection technology, and in particular, to a blood analysis device.
Background
In the prior art, in flow detection, a laser is generally used to irradiate cells in an optical flow chamber to excite and generate fluorescence, and scatter and generate forward scattered light and side scattered light, and a corresponding photoelectric sensing module is used to receive the fluorescence, the forward scattered light and the side scattered light, so as to perform flow detection of a sample.
The prior art has the defects that a plurality of signal processing units are arranged in a single signal processing module, each signal processing unit can be used for different signal processing operations, and when a user sets corresponding parameters of each signal processing unit, the situation that the overall parameters of the signal processing module are inconsistent with expectations is easily caused, so that the accuracy of the existing stream detection is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly solves the technical problem of how to improve the accuracy of stream detection.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a blood analysis device comprises an optical flow module, a light source, an optical processing module, a nonlinear photoelectric sensor, a first linear photoelectric sensor, a second linear photoelectric sensor, a first signal processing module, a second signal processing module and a third signal processing module; the optical flow module is used for forming a sample flow, and the sample flow comprises blood cells to be tested; the light source is used for emitting light source beams to the blood cells to be tested so as to excite and generate corresponding fluorescent light beams, and scatter and generate corresponding forward scattered light beams and side scattered light beams; the optical processing module is used for carrying out light splitting processing on the composite beam of the fluorescent light beam and the side scattering light beam, transmitting the fluorescent light beam and reflecting the side scattering light beam; the nonlinear photoelectric sensor is used for receiving the fluorescent light beam to obtain a first signal, the first linear photoelectric sensor is used for receiving the forward scattered light beam to obtain a second signal, and the second linear photoelectric sensor is used for receiving the side scattered light beam to obtain a third signal; the first signal processing module is used for performing signal processing on the first signal, the second signal processing module is used for performing signal processing on the second signal, and the third signal processing module is used for performing signal processing on the third signal; the first signal processing module, the second signal processing module and the third signal processing module are all signal processing modules, the signal processing modules comprise a plurality of signal processing units, and the signal processing units comprise a fixed amplifying unit, an adjustable amplifying unit, a signal filtering unit and a baseline lifting unit; the electrical parameters of the operational amplifiers of the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit in the single signal processing module are all the same.
The fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the operational amplifier of the baseline lifting unit in all the signal processing modules have the same electrical parameters.
Wherein the plurality of signal processing units further comprise a baseline elimination unit; the fixed amplifying unit, the base line eliminating unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the base line lifting unit are connected in sequence; the input end of the fixed amplifying unit is used for receiving the first signal or the second signal or the third signal; the electrical parameters of the baseline wander units in all the signal processing modules are the same.
The plurality of signal processing units further comprise a current-voltage conversion unit; the nonlinear photoelectric sensor, the first linear photoelectric sensor and the second linear photoelectric sensor are all photoelectric sensors; the photoelectric sensor is connected with a corresponding current-voltage conversion unit, and the current-voltage conversion unit is connected with a corresponding fixed amplifying unit; the electrical parameters of the operational amplifier of the current-voltage converting unit are different from those of the operational amplifiers of the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit.
The gain bandwidth product of the operational amplifier of the current-voltage conversion unit in the second signal processing module is smaller than that of the operational amplifier of the current-voltage conversion unit in the third signal processing module.
The current-voltage conversion unit comprises a first operational amplifier, a second capacitor and a second resistor; the negative input end of the first operational amplifier is connected with a corresponding photoelectric sensor, the positive input end of the first operational amplifier is grounded, the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with a corresponding fixed amplifying unit, the two ends of the second capacitor are respectively connected with the negative input end of the first operational amplifier and the output end of the first operational amplifier, and the two ends of the second resistor are respectively connected with the negative input end of the first operational amplifier and the output end of the first operational amplifier; the electrical parameters of the first operational amplifiers of the current-voltage conversion units in all the signal processing modules are the same.
The plurality of signal processing units further comprise a signal protection unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit; the input end of the signal protection unit is used for receiving the signal processed by the corresponding baseline lifting unit, the output end of the signal protection unit is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and the signal protection unit is used for carrying out amplitude limiting processing on the passed signal; the electrical parameters of the signal protection units in all the signal processing modules are the same.
The signal protection unit comprises a first diode and a second diode; the anode of the first diode is respectively connected with the output end of the corresponding baseline lifting unit and the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and the cathode of the first diode is used for receiving a first reference voltage signal; the negative electrode of the second diode is respectively connected with the output end of the corresponding baseline lifting unit and the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and the positive electrode of the second diode is used for receiving a second reference voltage signal; the first reference voltage signal is greater than the second reference voltage signal; the first reference voltages in all the signal protection units are the same, the second reference voltages in all the signal protection units are the same, and/or the signal protection units comprise clamping diodes; the electrical parameters of the clamping diodes in all the signal protection units are the same.
Wherein the signal filtering unit comprises a Butterworth filter; the order of the Butterworth filter is greater than or equal to 4 orders, and/or the passband of the Butterworth filter is less than 4.5Mhz.
The Butterworth filter is formed by cascading a first two-stage filter and a second two-stage filter, wherein the first two-stage filter comprises a second operational amplifier, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor, and the second two-stage filter comprises a third operational amplifier, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a fifth capacitor and a sixth capacitor; one end of the third resistor is an input end of the Butterworth filter, the other end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the third capacitor and one end of the fourth resistor respectively, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with one end of the fourth capacitor and the positive input end of the second operational amplifier respectively, the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded, and the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the negative input end of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the third capacitor and one end of the fifth resistor respectively; the other end of the fifth resistor is respectively connected with one end of the fifth capacitor and one end of the sixth resistor, the other end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected with one end of the sixth capacitor and the positive input end of the third operational amplifier, the other end of the sixth capacitor is grounded, the output end of the third operational amplifier is respectively connected with the negative input end of the third operational amplifier and the other end of the fifth capacitor, and the output end of the third operational amplifier is the output end of the Butterworth filter; the resistance value of the fourth resistor is different from the resistance value of the sixth resistor, and/or the capacitance value of the fourth capacitor is different from the capacitance value of the sixth capacitor.
The application has the beneficial effects that: in the technical scheme of the application, compared with the prior art, the red blood cells to be detected in the optical flow module are irradiated by the light source to generate fluorescence, forward scattered light and side scattered light, the fluorescence is received by the nonlinear photoelectric sensor, the forward scattered light is received by the first linear photoelectric sensor, and the side scattered light is received by the second linear photoelectric sensor, the photoelectric sensors are respectively connected with different signal processing modules, so that the first signal, the second signal and the third signal are respectively subjected to corresponding signal processing after being generated, and the single signal processing module comprises a fixed amplifying unit, an adjustable amplifying unit, a signal filtering unit and a base line lifting unit, and in the single signal processing module, the electric parameters of operational amplifiers respectively corresponding to the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the base line lifting unit are the same. Based on the mode, the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the operational amplifiers arranged in the base line lifting unit in the single signal processing module have the same characteristics, on the basis, the amplification factors of the operational amplifiers in the signal processing units can be respectively and correspondingly adjusted in the same mode, the consistency of circuits of the operational amplifiers in the single signal processing module can be improved, the possibility of occurrence of the condition that the overall parameters of the signal processing module are inconsistent with expectations is reduced, and the accuracy of flow detection is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a blood analysis device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a photosensor and signal processing module of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a baseline elimination unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a current-to-voltage conversion unit according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a signal protection unit according to the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the signal filtering unit of the present application.
Reference numerals: the optical flow module 11, the light source 12, the optical processing module 13, the nonlinear photosensor 14, the first linear photosensor 15, the second linear photosensor 16, the first signal processing module 17, the second signal processing module 18, the third signal processing module 19, the first capacitor 101, the first resistor 102, the first operational amplifier 103, the second capacitor 104, the second resistor 105, the first diode 106, the second diode 107, the second operational amplifier 108, the third resistor 109, the fourth resistor 110, the third capacitor 111, the fourth capacitor 112, the second two-stage filter comprises a third operational amplifier 113, a fifth resistor 114, a sixth resistor 115, a fifth capacitor 116, and a sixth capacitor 117.
Detailed Description
The application is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is specifically noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present application, but do not limit the scope of the present application. Likewise, the following examples are only some, but not all, of the examples of the present application, and all other examples, which a person of ordinary skill in the art would obtain without making any inventive effort, are within the scope of the present application.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; the connection can be mechanical connection or electric connection; may be directly connected or may be connected via an intermediate medium. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing is in the specific sense of the present application.
The present application proposes a blood analysis device, referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the blood analysis device of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the blood analysis device includes an optical flow module 11, a light source 12, an optical processing module 13, a nonlinear photosensor 14, a first linear photosensor 15, a second linear photosensor 16, a first signal processing module 17, a second signal processing module 18, and a third signal processing module 19.
The optical flow module 11 is used to form a sample stream comprising blood cells to be measured.
The optical flow module 11 may have a corresponding sheath flow space, and a sample flow containing blood cells to be tested may be formed in the sheath flow space, so that the blood cells to be tested flow through one by one.
The blood cell to be measured can be specifically the blood cell to be measured after being treated by the fluorescent dye solution, and can generate corresponding fluorescent light beams after being irradiated by light beams with specific wavelengths.
The light source 12 is used for emitting light beams to the blood cells to be tested so as to excite and generate corresponding fluorescent light beams, and scatter and generate corresponding forward scattered light beams and side scattered light beams.
The light source 12 may be configured to emit a light beam with a specific wavelength to irradiate a blood cell to be measured to excite the blood cell to generate a corresponding fluorescent light beam, and scatter the fluorescent light beam to generate a corresponding forward scattered light beam and a corresponding side scattered light beam, where the direction of the forward scattered light beam is the same as or similar to the direction of the light source beam, and an angle between the direction of the forward scattered light beam and the direction of the light source beam is smaller than an angle between the direction of the side scattered light and the direction of the light source beam, for example, an angle between the direction of the side scattered light and the direction of the light source beam may be 90 degrees.
The optical processing module 13 is used for performing beam splitting processing on the composite beam of the fluorescent light beam and the side scattered light beam, transmitting the fluorescent light beam and reflecting the side scattered light beam.
The optical processing module 13 may be a dichroic mirror with a light splitting capability, and is configured to perform light splitting processing on the composite light beam emitted from the optical flow module 11, transmit a fluorescent light beam in the composite light beam, and reflect a side scattered light beam in the composite light beam, so as to implement light splitting.
The nonlinear photosensor 14 is configured to receive the fluorescent light beam to obtain a first signal, the first linear photosensor 15 is configured to receive the forward scattered light beam to obtain a second signal, and the second linear photosensor 16 is configured to receive the side scattered light beam to obtain a third signal.
The nonlinear photosensor 14 may be a silicon photomultiplier, which may be composed of a plurality of single photon avalanche photodiodes arranged in an array.
The reverse bias voltage of the single photon avalanche photodiode in the working state of the Geiger mode is set to be higher than the breakdown voltage, at the moment, the electric field inside the single photon avalanche photodiode is stronger, and the photocurrent can be 10 5 ～10 6 And each single photon avalanche photodiode in the silicon photomultiplier is respectively connected with a quenching resistor to form a minimum photosensitive unit of the silicon photomultiplier.
The first signal processing module 17 is configured to perform signal processing on the first signal, the second signal processing module 18 is configured to perform signal processing on the second signal, and the third signal processing module 19 is configured to perform signal processing on the third signal.
Each photoelectric sensor is respectively connected with a corresponding signal processing module so as to perform signal processing on an electric signal generated by a corresponding light beam by adopting the signal processing module and perform analog-to-digital conversion to obtain a digital signal which can be applied to data analysis.
The first signal processing module 17, the second signal processing module 18 and the third signal processing module 19 are all signal processing modules, and the signal processing modules comprise a plurality of signal processing units, wherein the signal processing units comprise a fixed amplifying unit, an adjustable amplifying unit, a signal filtering unit and a baseline lifting unit.
The electrical parameters of the operational amplifiers of the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit in the single signal processing module are all the same.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the photoelectric sensor and the signal processing module according to the present application, as shown in fig. 2, a single signal processing module may be provided with a fixed amplifying unit, an adjustable amplifying unit, a signal filtering unit, and a baseline lifting unit, that is, any one of the first signal processing module 17, the second signal processing module 18, and the third signal processing module 19 includes a set of fixed amplifying unit, an adjustable amplifying unit, a signal filtering unit, and a baseline lifting unit.
The fixed amplifying unit, which may be also referred to as a voltage buffer circuit, is configured to increase the output power of the signal and amplify the signal to a certain extent, and may be an in-phase proportional amplifying circuit configured by zero ohm short circuit, for example. The voltage buffer circuit may be used as a voltage follower, or may be replaced with a resistor having a specific resistance value to enable the resistor to have a signal amplifying capability, which is not limited herein.
The adjustable amplifying unit can adjust the amplification ratio of the signal to the signal based on the received control signal, and the signal processing module can have the capability of correcting gain deviation caused by installation deviation and other reasons by arranging the adjustable amplifying unit.
The signal filtering unit can eliminate signal noise caused by a front-end circuit, and the signal noise can be noise caused by a signal source, noise caused by a circuit, noise caused by interference between circuits, and the noise is not limited herein.
The baseline lifting unit can improve the baseline amplitude of the signal output by the signal processing module, so that the amplitude of the signal output by the signal processing module can be more than 0 volt, namely, the signal processing module can output the signal with complete pulse waveform.
Based on the above manner, by making the electrical parameters of the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit in the first signal processing module 17 the same, making the electrical parameters of the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit in the second signal processing module 18 the same, and making the electrical parameters of the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit in the third signal processing module 19 the same, the material consistency of each unit in each signal processing module is improved, the control of the amplification factor corresponding to each operational amplifier in the signal processing channel corresponding to each signal processing module can be more accurate, and further the possibility that the total amplification factor corresponding to each signal processing channel can be consistent with the expectation is improved, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the flow detection.
In contrast to the prior art, in the technical solution of the present application, the light source 12 emits laser light to irradiate the red blood cells to be measured in the optical flow module 11, generates fluorescence, forward scattered light and side scattered light, receives the fluorescence by the nonlinear photosensor 14, receives the forward scattered light by the first linear photosensor 15, and receives the side scattered light by the second linear photosensor 16, and each photosensor is respectively connected with a different signal processing module, so that the first signal, the second signal and the third signal respectively perform corresponding signal processing after being generated, and the single signal processing module includes a fixed amplifying unit, an adjustable amplifying unit, a signal filtering unit and a baseline lifting unit, and in the single signal processing module, the electrical parameters of operational amplifiers respectively corresponding to the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit are all the same. Based on the mode, the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the operational amplifiers arranged in the base line lifting unit in the single signal processing module have the same characteristics, on the basis, the amplification factors of the operational amplifiers in the signal processing units can be respectively and correspondingly adjusted in the same mode, the consistency of circuits of the operational amplifiers in the single signal processing module can be improved, the possibility of occurrence of the condition that the overall parameters of the signal processing module are inconsistent with expectations is reduced, and the accuracy of flow detection is improved.
In an embodiment, the electrical parameters of the operational amplifiers of the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit are the same in all the signal processing modules.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit, and the baseline lifting unit in the first signal processing module 17 are the same as the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit, and the baseline lifting unit in the second signal processing module 18, and the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit, and the baseline lifting unit in the third signal processing module 19 are the same as the operational amplifiers in the total 12 signal processing units.
When all signals are processed and analyzed to obtain a flow type detection result, the signals under different modes are required to be subjected to information fusion so as to generate corresponding multidimensional scatter diagrams and to perform pattern recognition so as to distinguish different types of blood cells, therefore, in the flow type detection, the signals output by the different signal processing modules are required to have higher consistency, and the electrical parameters of the operational amplifiers of the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the base line lifting unit in all the signal processing modules are kept consistent, so that the consistency of the signals under different modes can be effectively improved, and the accuracy of the flow type detection result is further improved.
In the streaming detection, a plurality of analysis channels, such as WDF, WNR, WPC, RET, PLT-F, are often present, and the detection data obtained under different channels generally need to be mutually referred to for corresponding correction, so as to obtain data under a plurality of channels meeting the requirements, so that a user can process the data obtained according to the plurality of analysis channels to obtain a streaming detection result with higher accuracy, and therefore, higher requirements are put on the consistency of signals under different modes.
In addition, the electrical parameters of the fixed amplifying units, the adjustable amplifying units, the signal filtering units and the operational amplifiers of the baseline lifting units in all the signal processing modules are consistent, so that maintenance difficulty can be reduced, consistency among different signal processing modules can be improved, and consistency among different blood analysis devices can be improved, so that a user can obtain a flow type detection result with higher accuracy when using different blood analysis devices to jointly detect samples.
In an embodiment, the plurality of signal processing units further includes a baseline elimination unit.
The fixed amplifying unit, the base line eliminating unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the base line lifting unit are sequentially connected.
The input end of the fixed amplifying unit is used for receiving the first signal or the second signal or the third signal.
Wherein the electrical parameters of the baseline elimination units in all the signal processing modules are the same.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the plurality of signal processing units may further include a baseline elimination unit, where the baseline elimination unit may be connected to the fixed amplification unit and the adjustable amplification unit, respectively, and the baseline elimination unit may be configured to acquire a signal from the fixed amplification unit to perform baseline elimination processing, and send the processed signal to the adjustable amplification unit.
The baseline elimination unit can filter out the direct background light signal and eliminate the baseline fluctuation belonging to low frequency in the signal, and the baseline elimination unit can be constructed based on a capacitance isolation method. When in flow detection, because the related detection signals are high-speed alternating current signals, and the optical flow module 11 usually has liquid level fluctuation phenomenon caused by cleaning or other reasons, the light beam imaging of the light source 12 is easy to influence, and the incident light received by the corresponding photoelectric sensor is unstable, so that the finally generated signals have larger baseline fluctuation to influence the accuracy of the detection result, the baseline elimination unit can be arranged in front of the adjustable amplification unit to eliminate the baseline fluctuation and improve the accuracy of the flow detection.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the baseline elimination unit may specifically include a first capacitor 101 and a first resistor 102.
One end of the first capacitor 101 is an input end of the baseline elimination unit, the other end of the first capacitor 101 is an output end of the baseline elimination unit, the other end of the first capacitor 101 is connected with one end of the first resistor 102, and the other end of the first resistor 102 is grounded.
Specifically, the input end of the baseline elimination unit can be connected with the output end of the corresponding fixed amplification module, while the output end of the baseline elimination unit can be connected with the input end of the corresponding adjustable amplification module, and the first capacitor 101 can be used as a blocking capacitor and is matched with the first resistor 102 which is grounded, so that the corresponding baseline elimination and a certain protection effect can be achieved, and the reliability and the safety of the flow detection are improved.
Optionally, the electrical parameters of the baseline elimination units in all signal processing modules are the same.
Specifically, the baseline elimination units in the signal processing modules are constructed by adopting the same type of devices and the same circuit structure, so that the baseline elimination units in all the signal processing modules have the same electrical parameters, the consistency of signals in different modes is further improved, and the accuracy of a stream detection result is further improved.
In an embodiment, the plurality of signal processing units further includes a current-voltage conversion unit.
The nonlinear photosensor 14, the first linear photosensor 15, and the second linear photosensor 16 are all photosensors.
The photoelectric sensor is connected with a corresponding current-voltage conversion unit, and the current-voltage conversion unit is connected with a corresponding fixed amplifying unit.
The electric parameters of the operational amplifier of the current-voltage conversion unit are different from those of the operational amplifiers of the fixed amplification unit, the adjustable amplification unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the plurality of signal processing units may further include a current-voltage conversion unit, where the current-voltage conversion unit may be specifically configured to convert the received current signal output by the corresponding photosensor into a voltage signal that is convenient for signal processing and collection.
Because the input signals of the current-voltage conversion unit are current signals and the input signals to be processed by the fixed amplification unit, the adjustable amplification unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit are voltage signals, compared with the operational amplifiers in the fixed amplification unit, the adjustable amplification unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit, the operational amplifier of the current-voltage conversion unit needs to be configured with smaller bias current, higher gain bandwidth and larger slew rate, so that the current-voltage conversion unit can have better current-voltage conversion capability and the accuracy of flow detection is improved.
Optionally, the gain-bandwidth product of the operational amplifier of the current-to-voltage converting unit in the second signal processing module 18 is smaller than the gain-bandwidth product of the operational amplifier of the current-to-voltage converting unit in the third signal processing module 19,
alternatively, the electrical parameters of the operational amplifiers of the current-voltage converting units in all the signal processing modules are the same.
Specifically, the gain bandwidth product of the operational amplifier is used to determine the highest operating frequency of the operational amplifier when processing signals with smaller amplitudes (such as fluorescence and scattered light), the gain bandwidth of the operational amplifier is the-3 dB bandwidth when the gain of the operational amplifier is 1, and the gain bandwidth and gain bandwidth product of the operational amplifier are equal in value. Where gain represents the power amplification of an operational amplifier, typically expressed as a common logarithm of the ratio between output power and input power, in decibels (dB), and bandwidth represents the amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed time, used to characterize data transfer capability. The higher the bandwidth, the faster the data transfer rate, i.e., the faster the response speed.
In general, the light source beam irradiates scattered light generated by scattering of blood cells to be measured, and the light intensity of forward scattered light is larger than that of side scattered light, and under the same conditions, the intensity of a signal generated based on the forward scattered light is 100 times or more the intensity of a signal generated based on the side scattered light.
By making the gain bandwidth product of the operational amplifier of the current-voltage converting unit in the second signal processing module 18 smaller than the gain bandwidth product of the operational amplifier of the current-voltage converting unit in the third signal processing module 19, the difference between the intensity of the signal generated based on the side scattered light and the intensity of the signal generated based on the forward scattered light can be reduced after the amplification of the current-voltage converting units, that is, the consistency of the signals corresponding to the scattered light is improved, the consistency of the signals under different modes is effectively improved, and the accuracy of the flow detection result is further improved.
In addition, through making the electrical parameters of the operational amplifiers of the current-voltage conversion units in all the signal processing modules the same, the consistency of the voltage signals converted by the current-voltage conversion units in each signal processing module can be improved, and then the consistency of the signals in different modes obtained by the blood analysis device can be effectively improved, and the accuracy of the flow detection result is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the current-voltage converting unit includes a first operational amplifier 103, a second capacitor 104, and a second resistor 105.
The negative input end of the first operational amplifier 103 is connected with a corresponding photoelectric sensor, the positive input end of the first operational amplifier 103 is grounded, the output end of the first operational amplifier 103 is connected with a corresponding fixed amplifying unit, two ends of the second capacitor 104 are respectively connected with the negative input end of the first operational amplifier 103 and the output end of the first operational amplifier 103, and two ends of the second resistor 105 are respectively connected with the negative input end of the first operational amplifier 103 and the output end of the first operational amplifier 103.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the negative input terminal of the current-voltage converting unit is connected to the positive electrode of the corresponding photosensor a, and the negative electrode of the photosensor a is used for receiving the corresponding input signal VIN, and the photosensor a may specifically be any one of the nonlinear photosensor 14, the first linear photosensor 15, and the second linear photosensor 16.
The positive power supply end of the current-voltage conversion unit receives a positive voltage signal V+ and the negative power supply end receives a negative voltage signal V-, as shown in fig. 4, the current-voltage conversion unit further comprises a positive-negative voltage generation circuit, the positive-negative voltage generation circuit comprises a seventh capacitor B, an eighth capacitor C, a first power supply D and a second power supply E, one end of the seventh capacitor B is connected with one end of the first power supply D, the other end of the seventh capacitor B is respectively connected with one end of the eighth capacitor C, the other end of the first power supply D and one end of the second power supply E, one end of the second power supply E is grounded, the other end of the second power supply E is connected with the other end of the eighth capacitor C, one end of the first power supply D and one end of the second power supply E are both power supply anodes, one end of the seventh capacitor B is used for outputting the positive voltage signal V+, and the other end of the eighth capacitor C is used for outputting the negative voltage signal V-.
The calculation formulas of the gain bandwidth product of the first operational amplifier 103, the capacitance of the second capacitor 104 and the resistance of the second resistor 105 of the current-voltage converting unit may be as follows:
R1=（Vomax-Vomin）/Ii（1）
C1<1/（2×π×R1×fclk）（2）
GBW<（Ci+C1）/（2×π×R1×C1 2 ）（3）
Ci=Cs+Cd+Ccm（4）
in equations (1) to (4), R1 is the resistance of the second resistor 105, ii is the maximum input current of the current-voltage conversion unit, vomax is the maximum input voltage of the current-voltage conversion unit, vomin is the minimum input voltage of the current-voltage conversion unit, C1 is the capacitance of the second capacitor 104, fclk is the preset operating frequency, cs is the input source capacitance of the first operational amplifier 103, cd is the differential input capacitance of the first operational amplifier 103, ccm is the inverting input common mode capacitance of the first operational amplifier 103, GBW is the gain-bandwidth product of the first operational amplifier 103, wherein fclk is a value determined based on the dark count pulse of the corresponding photosensor a when only powered on and no light beam is received.
Based on the above formula, the ratio of Ii is 20.1×10 -4 When ampere, vomax is 0.5 volt, vomin is 0 volt, fclk is 50Mhz, R1 may be 980 ohms, C1 may be 3 picofarads, GBW may be 100M.
Based on the mode, the current-voltage conversion unit with good current-voltage conversion capability can be constructed, and the reliability and accuracy of flow detection are improved.
The adjusting device of the first operational amplifier 103 includes a corresponding second capacitor 104 and a second resistor 105, and electrical parameters of the adjusting devices in each signal processing module are different, and the adjusting devices can be configured appropriately for types of optical signals (such as fluorescence, forward scattered light and side scattered light) processed by different signal processing modules, so that the gain bandwidth product of the corresponding current-voltage converting unit can be adjusted by adjusting specific parameter values of the second capacitor 104 and the second resistor 105, thereby making each current-voltage converting unit more suitable for data processing of electrical signals converted from the corresponding optical signals and improving accuracy of flow detection.
In an embodiment, the plurality of signal processing units further includes a signal protection unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit.
The input end of the signal protection unit is used for receiving the signal processed by the corresponding baseline lifting unit, the output end of the signal protection unit is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and the signal protection unit is used for carrying out amplitude limiting processing on the passed signal.
Wherein, the electrical parameters of the signal protection units in all the signal processing modules are the same.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the plurality of signal processing units may further include a signal protection unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit, where the baseline lifting unit, the signal protection unit and the analog-to-digital conversion unit are sequentially connected.
Based on the mode, through being provided with the signal protection unit, the amplitude of the input signal of the input analog-to-digital conversion unit can be ensured to be in a safe range, damage to the analog-to-digital conversion unit is avoided, and the reliability of flow detection is improved.
In addition, through making the electrical parameters of the signal protection units in all signal processing modules the same, can effectively improve the uniformity of signal under different modes, and then improve the accuracy of stream formula testing result.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, the signal protection unit includes a first diode 106 and a second diode 107. The positive electrode of the first diode 106 is connected to the output end of the corresponding baseline-lifting unit and the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit, respectively, and the negative electrode of the first diode 106 is used for receiving the first reference voltage signal. The negative pole of the second diode 107 is connected to the output end of the corresponding baseline-lifting unit and the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit, respectively, and the positive pole of the second diode 107 is used for receiving the second reference voltage signal.
Wherein the first reference voltage signal is greater than the second reference voltage signal. The first reference voltages in all signal protection units are the same, the second reference voltages in all signal protection units are the same, and/or the signal protection units comprise a clamping diode.
The electrical parameters of the clamping diodes in all the signal protection units are the same.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the first reference voltage signal V1 may be a voltage signal of 5 volts, the second reference voltage signal V2 may be a voltage signal of 0 volts, the amplitude of the signal at the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit may be reduced by the loop of the first diode 106 when the amplitude of the signal at the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit is higher than 5 volts, and the amplitude of the signal at the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit may be increased by the loop of the second diode 107 when the amplitude of the signal at the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit is lower than 0 volts, so that the amplitude of the signal at the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit is between 0 and 5 volts, and the signal at the excessively high or excessively low amplitude is prevented from damaging the analog-to-digital conversion unit.
When in flow type detection, as the related detection signals are high-speed alternating current signals, the optical flow module 11 is usually subjected to liquid level fluctuation phenomenon caused by cleaning or other reasons, the light beam imaging of the light source 12 is easy to influence, the incident light received by the corresponding photoelectric sensor is unstable, the amplitude of the signal at the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit is greatly fluctuated, and the signal protection unit is arranged, so that the damage to the analog-to-digital conversion unit caused by the signal with the amplitude outside the range from the amplitude of the first reference voltage signal to the amplitude of the second reference voltage signal can be avoided, and the safety and the accuracy of flow type detection are improved.
Or, the signal protection unit may further comprise a clamping diode, and the clamping diode is used to make the amplitude of the signal at the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit be within the range from the amplitude of the first reference voltage signal to the amplitude of the second reference voltage signal, so that the signal with the amplitude outside the range from the amplitude of the first reference voltage signal to the amplitude of the second reference voltage signal can be prevented from damaging the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and the safety and accuracy of the stream detection are improved.
Further, the second reference voltages in all the signal protection units are the same, or the electrical parameters of the clamping diodes in all the signal protection units are the same, so that the consistency of signals in different modes can be effectively improved, and the accuracy of a flow detection result is further improved.
Wherein the electrical parameters of the clamping diode can include at least one of clamping voltage, forward conducting voltage, reverse breakdown voltage and other parameters, which are not limited herein.
In an embodiment, the signal filtering unit comprises a butterworth filter.
Wherein the order of the Butterworth filter is greater than or equal to 4,
and/or the passband of the butterworth filter is less than 4.5Mhz.
Specifically, first, under the condition that the orders are the same, the passband of the Butterworth filter is flattest, the stopband drops slowly, the passband of the chebyshev filter is equal in ripple, the stopband drops faster, the passband of the Bessel filter is equal in ripple, and the stopband drops slowly. When the flow detection is performed, the processed signals are all signals with smaller amplitude, and the gain stability of the signals in the corresponding signal processing modules needs to be ensured to be higher, so that the signals need to be filtered by a filter with a relatively gentle change of a passband, and the possibility of the decrease of the gain stability caused by the arrangement of the filter is reduced.
Based on the above mode, by adopting the Butterworth filter to construct the signal filtering unit and filtering the signal to be input into the analog-to-digital conversion unit, compared with other filters, the gain stability in the corresponding signal processing module can be improved, and the accuracy of the flow detection is further improved.
And secondly, the order of the filter refers to the number of poles in a transfer function corresponding to the filter, and the larger the order is, the larger the slope of the oblique line between the pass band and the stop band in the waveform corresponding to the filter is, and the better the filtering effect is.
Based on the above mode, the order of the Butterworth filter is not smaller than 4, so that the filtering effect of the filter can be improved, and the accuracy of flow detection is further improved.
Finally, the filter effect of the Butterworth filter can be improved by making the passband of the Butterworth filter smaller than 4.5Mhz, the situation that spurious signals are removed by leakage is avoided, and the accuracy of flow detection is improved.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the butterworth filter is composed of a first two-stage filter and a second two-stage filter, the first two-stage filter includes a second operational amplifier 108, a third resistor 109, a fourth resistor 110, a third capacitor 111, a fourth capacitor 112, and the second two-stage filter includes a third operational amplifier 113, a fifth resistor 114, a sixth resistor 115, a fifth capacitor 116, and a sixth capacitor 117.
One end of the third resistor 109 is an input end of the butterworth filter, the other end of the third resistor 109 is respectively connected with one end of the third capacitor 111 and one end of the fourth resistor 110, the other end of the fourth resistor 110 is respectively connected with one end of the fourth capacitor 112 and the positive input end of the second operational amplifier 108, the other end of the fourth capacitor 112 is grounded, and the output end of the second operational amplifier 108 is respectively connected with the negative input end of the second operational amplifier 108, the other end of the third capacitor 111 and one end of the fifth resistor 114.
The other end of the fifth resistor 114 is connected to one end of the fifth capacitor 116 and one end of the sixth resistor 115, the other end of the sixth resistor 115 is connected to one end of the sixth capacitor 117 and the positive input end of the third operational amplifier 113, the other end of the sixth capacitor 117 is grounded, the output end of the third operational amplifier 113 is connected to the negative input end of the third operational amplifier 113 and the other end of the fifth capacitor 116, and the output end of the third operational amplifier 113 is the output end of the butterworth filter.
Wherein, the resistance value of the fourth resistor 110 is different from the resistance value of the sixth resistor 115, and/or the capacitance value of the fourth capacitor 112 is different from the capacitance value of the sixth capacitor 117.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, a two-stage filter is connected in series with another two-stage filter, the input end of the two-stage filter is used as the input end of the butterworth filter to receive the input signal VIN, and the output end of the other two-stage filter is used as the output end of the butterworth filter to send the output signal VOUT.
Optionally, the electrical parameters of the signal filtering units in all the signal processing modules are identical.
Specifically, the signal filtering units in all the signal processing modules may be composed of the same filter.
Based on the mode, the consistency of the signal filtering units in all the signal processing modules can be ensured, and the consistency of signals obtained under different modes is further improved, so that the accuracy of flow detection is improved.
In the description of the present application, a description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and further implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.
Logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., may be considered as a ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (which can be a personal computer, server, network device, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions). For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, as the program may be electronically captured, via, for instance, optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
The foregoing description is only of embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the application, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions and the drawings of the present application or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A blood analysis device, which is characterized by comprising an optical flow module, a light source, an optical processing module, a nonlinear photoelectric sensor, a first linear photoelectric sensor, a second linear photoelectric sensor, a first signal processing module, a second signal processing module and a third signal processing module;
the optical flow module is used for forming a sample flow, and the sample flow comprises blood cells to be tested;
the light source is used for emitting light source beams to the blood cells to be tested so as to excite and generate corresponding fluorescent light beams, and scattering the corresponding forward scattering light beams and the corresponding side scattering light beams;
the optical processing module is used for carrying out light splitting processing on the composite beam of the fluorescent light beam and the side scattering light beam, transmitting the fluorescent light beam and reflecting the side scattering light beam;
the nonlinear photoelectric sensor is used for receiving the fluorescent light beam to obtain a first signal, the first linear photoelectric sensor is used for receiving the forward scattered light beam to obtain a second signal, and the second linear photoelectric sensor is used for receiving the side scattered light beam to obtain a third signal;
The first signal processing module is used for performing signal processing on the first signal, the second signal processing module is used for performing signal processing on the second signal, and the third signal processing module is used for performing signal processing on the third signal;
the first signal processing module, the second signal processing module and the third signal processing module are all signal processing modules, the signal processing modules comprise a plurality of signal processing units, and the signal processing units comprise a fixed amplifying unit, an adjustable amplifying unit, a signal filtering unit and a baseline lifting unit;
the electrical parameters of the operational amplifiers of the fixed amplifying unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit in the single signal processing module are all the same.
2. The blood analysis device of claim 1, wherein the electrical parameters of the operational amplifiers of the fixed amplification unit, the adjustable amplification unit, the signal filtering unit, and the baseline lifting unit are all the same in all the signal processing modules.
3. The blood analysis device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the signal processing units further include a baseline elimination unit;
The fixed amplifying unit, the baseline eliminating unit, the adjustable amplifying unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit are sequentially connected;
the input end of the fixed amplifying unit is used for receiving the first signal or the second signal or the third signal;
wherein the electrical parameters of the baseline elimination units in all the signal processing modules are the same.
4. The blood analysis device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the signal processing units further include a current-voltage conversion unit therein;
the nonlinear photoelectric sensor, the first linear photoelectric sensor and the second linear photoelectric sensor are all photoelectric sensors;
the photoelectric sensor is connected with the corresponding current-voltage conversion unit, and the current-voltage conversion unit is connected with the corresponding fixed amplifying unit;
the electric parameters of the operational amplifier of the current-voltage conversion unit are different from those of the operational amplifiers of the fixed amplification unit, the adjustable amplification unit, the signal filtering unit and the baseline lifting unit.
5. The blood analysis device according to claim 4, wherein,
The gain bandwidth product of the operational amplifier of the current-voltage converting unit in the second signal processing module is smaller than that of the operational amplifier of the current-voltage converting unit in the third signal processing module,
or the electrical parameters of the operational amplifiers of the current-voltage conversion units in all the signal processing modules are the same.
6. The blood analysis device of claim 5, wherein the current-to-voltage conversion unit comprises a first operational amplifier, a second capacitor, and a second resistor;
the negative input end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the corresponding photoelectric sensor, the positive input end of the first operational amplifier is grounded, the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the corresponding fixed amplifying unit, the two ends of the second capacitor are respectively connected with the negative input end of the first operational amplifier and the output end of the first operational amplifier, and the two ends of the second resistor are respectively connected with the negative input end of the first operational amplifier and the output end of the first operational amplifier.
7. The blood analysis device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of signal processing units further includes a signal protection unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit;
The input end of the signal protection unit is used for receiving the signal processed by the corresponding baseline lifting unit, the output end of the signal protection unit is connected with the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and the signal protection unit is used for carrying out amplitude limiting processing on the passed signal;
wherein the electrical parameters of the signal protection units in all the signal processing modules are the same.
8. The blood analysis device of claim 7, wherein the signal protection unit includes a first diode and a second diode; the positive electrode of the first diode is respectively connected with the output end of the corresponding baseline lifting unit and the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and the negative electrode of the first diode is used for receiving a first reference voltage signal; the negative electrode of the second diode is respectively connected with the output end of the corresponding baseline lifting unit and the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and the positive electrode of the second diode is used for receiving a second reference voltage signal;
wherein the first reference voltage signal is greater than the second reference voltage signal; the first reference voltages in all of the signal protection units are the same, the second reference voltages in all of the signal protection units are the same,
And/or the number of the groups of groups,
the signal protection unit comprises a clamping diode;
the electrical parameters of the clamping diodes in all the signal protection units are the same.
9. The blood analysis device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the signal filtering unit comprises a butterworth filter;
wherein the order of the Butterworth filter is more than or equal to 4 orders,
and/or, the passband of the Butterworth filter is less than 4.5Mhz.
10. The blood analysis device according to claim 9, wherein the butterworth filter is composed of a first two-stage filter and a second two-stage filter, the first two-stage filter including a second operational amplifier, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a third capacitor, and a fourth capacitor, the second two-stage filter including a third operational amplifier, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a fifth capacitor, and a sixth capacitor;
one end of the third resistor is an input end of the Butterworth filter, the other end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the third capacitor and one end of the fourth resistor respectively, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with one end of the fourth capacitor and the positive input end of the second operational amplifier respectively, the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded, and the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the negative input end of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the third capacitor and one end of the fifth resistor respectively;
The other end of the fifth resistor is respectively connected with one end of the fifth capacitor and one end of the sixth resistor, the other end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected with one end of the sixth capacitor and the positive input end of the third operational amplifier, the other end of the sixth capacitor is grounded, the output end of the third operational amplifier is respectively connected with the negative input end of the third operational amplifier and the other end of the fifth capacitor, and the output end of the third operational amplifier is the output end of the Butterworth filter;
wherein the resistance value of the fourth resistor is different from the resistance value of the sixth resistor,
and/or, the capacitance value of the fourth capacitor is different from the capacitance value of the sixth capacitor.
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| GB2017434A (en) * | 1978-02-02 | 1979-10-03 | Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk | Earth leakage protection |
| CN1967244A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-23 | 希森美康株式会社 | Blood analyzer and blood analyzing method |
| JP2017090336A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-25 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Measurement method and measurement device |
| CN109946219A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-28 | 广西师范大学 | A kind of flow cytometer scattering light and fluorescence detection device and method |
| CN212749060U (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2021-03-19 | 南京信息工程大学 | Device for monitoring lightning electric field signal |
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| GB0320809D0 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2003-10-08 | Smiths Group Plc | Particle detection |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2017434A (en) * | 1978-02-02 | 1979-10-03 | Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk | Earth leakage protection |
| CN1967244A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-23 | 希森美康株式会社 | Blood analyzer and blood analyzing method |
| JP2017090336A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-25 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Measurement method and measurement device |
| CN109946219A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-28 | 广西师范大学 | A kind of flow cytometer scattering light and fluorescence detection device and method |
| CN212749060U (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2021-03-19 | 南京信息工程大学 | Device for monitoring lightning electric field signal |
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