CN116105557A - Fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism - Google Patents

Fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116105557A
CN116105557A CN202211571957.2A CN202211571957A CN116105557A CN 116105557 A CN116105557 A CN 116105557A CN 202211571957 A CN202211571957 A CN 202211571957A CN 116105557 A CN116105557 A CN 116105557A
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shell
magnet
fixed magnet
pin
magnetic
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隋丽
邱泓程
邹琪鹏
卢颖
边新媛
石庚辰
张美云
王东亚
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/20—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin
    • F42C15/21—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin using spring action
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism, which comprises: the seat post, the movable magnet, the shell and the fixed magnet; the fixed magnet is fixedly arranged at one end of the shell; the backseat pin is of a T-shaped column structure, the horizontal part of the T-shaped column structure is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, and the movable magnet is fixedly arranged on the end face of the horizontal part of the backseat pin; the vertical part of the T-shaped column structure extends out of the other end of the shell, the horizontal part of the rear seat pin is limited by the end face of the shell and the inner wall of the shell, and the rear seat pin reciprocates in the inner cavity of the shell along the length direction of the shell; the same-name magnetic poles of the movable magnet and the fixed magnet are opposite, and the movable magnet and the fixed magnet form a magnetic spring together; the invention can identify the weak emission environment, solves the contradiction between safe and reliable relief of the fuse squatting safety mechanism under the condition of low squatting overload in the weak emission environment, is convenient to process and install, has rich using rigidity characteristics and has long service life.

Description

Fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuse safety, and particularly relates to a fuse magnetic squatting safety mechanism.
Background
For a fuze squat safety mechanism in a weak firing environment, the rate of the squat spring is typically relatively low in order for the safety mechanism to respond to the lowest firing overload, thereby releasing the squat safety. However, the use of a spring with a smaller stiffness has three problems, namely, firstly, the safety of the fuse in the case of accidental falling or other extreme conditions cannot be ensured, because in order to ensure the safety of the fuse in the case of accidental falling or other extreme conditions, the spring stiffness in the safety mechanism is expected to be as high as possible, and the spring stiffness is expected to be as low as possible for reliable release of the safety during firing, which requires that the same spring has high stiffness when the deformation is small and low stiffness when the deformation is large, which is opposite to the characteristics of the spring itself, so that the common coil spring cannot meet the requirement; secondly, even if the spring with smaller rigidity is not in the service processing stage and other extreme conditions, the spring not only needs to meet the requirement of guaranteeing the basic safety of the fuse safety system, but also needs to meet the requirement of reliably releasing the insurance, and the requirement on the spring is higher, so that the processing of the spring is difficult; thirdly, in the working process of the fuse safety mechanism, the metal spiral spring serving as a traditional resistance element can fail due to fatigue fracture and stress creep relaxation, so that the reliability and stability of a fuse safety system can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism which can identify a weak emission environment, solves the contradiction between safety and reliability of the fuse squat safety mechanism under the condition of low squat overload in the weak emission environment, is convenient to process and install, and has rich using rigidity characteristics and long service life.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism comprising: the seat post, the movable magnet, the shell and the fixed magnet;
the fixed magnet is fixedly arranged at one end of the shell;
the rear seat pin is of a T-shaped column structure, the horizontal part of the T-shaped column structure is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, and the movable magnet is fixedly arranged on the end face of the horizontal part of the rear seat pin; the vertical part of the T-shaped column structure extends out of the other end of the shell, the horizontal part of the rear seat pin is limited by the end face of the shell and the inner wall of the shell, and the rear seat pin reciprocates in the inner cavity of the shell along the length direction of the shell;
the same-name magnetic poles of the movable magnet and the fixed magnet are opposite, and the movable magnet and the fixed magnet form a magnetic spring together;
the moving magnet and the fixed magnet are both round magnets, the ratio of the diameter of the fixed magnet to the diameter of the moving magnet is larger than 1.5, and the ratio of the thickness of the fixed magnet to the thickness of the moving magnet is larger than 0.1, so that when the gap between the fixed magnet and the moving magnet is changed from large to small, the repulsive force of the magnetic spring is firstly increased and then decreased, and finally the repulsive force is converted into attractive force.
Further, the moving magnet and the fixed magnet are coaxially arranged.
Further, the fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism also comprises a lower cover;
the shell is of a cylindrical shell structure with one end open and one end closed, a coaxial annular groove is formed in the open end of the cylindrical structure, a step surface is formed between the annular groove and the inner cavity of the shell, and threads are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the annular groove; the fixed magnet is arranged in an annular groove on the shell, the lower cover is matched with the internal thread of the circular groove through external threads to fix the shell, and the fixed magnet is limited, so that the fixed magnet is fixed on the step surface.
Further, the closed end of the shell is provided with a through hole; the vertical portion of the backseat pin is in shaft fit with the through hole of the housing.
Further, a circular groove is formed in the horizontal end face of the backseat pin; the moving magnet is fixedly arranged in the circular groove of the backseat pin.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The invention uses the magnetic spring as the resistance element in the fuze squatting safety mechanism, the magnetic spring is composed of two magnets of a moving magnet and a fixed magnet with the same magnetic poles opposite to each other, the moving magnet and the fixed magnet are both round magnets, the ratio of the diameter of the fixed magnet to the diameter of the moving magnet is more than 1.5, the ratio of the thickness of the fixed magnet to the thickness of the moving magnet is more than 0.1, and the compression amount is gradually increased along with the continuous downward movement of the moving magnet due to the limitation of the size of the magnet, the repulsive force between the two magnets is firstly increased and then decreased, and finally the attractive force is converted. The introduction of the magnetic spring ensures that the resistance original has the characteristic of variable stiffness, and the magnetic spring has high stiffness when the deformation is small and has low stiffness when the deformation is large. Firstly, the safety of the fuze under accidental drop or other extreme conditions can be ensured by identifying the emission environment; secondly, the two magnets are respectively processed and installed, so that the processing is convenient compared with a spring with high rigidity requirement; thirdly, the magnetic force of the magnet cannot disappear in the working process of the fuse safety mechanism, the magnetic spring cannot be invalid due to long-time or repeated use, and the fuse safety mechanism is long in service life and high in reliability and stability.
In addition, the invention also has the locking function for the movement of the squatting pin after the safety is released because of the attraction of the fixed magnet to the fixed magnet, thereby preventing the squatting pin from rebounding on the trajectory and further locking the revolving body of the fuze.
In addition, the magnetic spring has simple structure, no mechanical contact, no friction, no vibration noise in the working process and no lubrication.
(2) The movable magnet and the fixed magnet are coaxially arranged, so that the movable magnet is uniformly stressed, and the fuse magnet squatting safety mechanism can be further ensured to smoothly release the safety.
(3) The shell is provided with the open end and the lower cover, so that the rear seat pin and the movable magnet can be installed from the open end, the fixed magnet is limited by utilizing the steps of the lower cover and the shell, and the structure is simple and the installation is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic spring magnetic force model of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic spring characteristic of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of acceleration of an antitank missile during launch;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the displacement versus time of the squat pin of the present invention;
wherein, 1-squatting pan, 2-moving magnet, 3-shell, 4-lower cover, 5-fixed magnet.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
This embodiment provides a fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism, see fig. 1, comprising: a recoil pin 1, a movable magnet 2, a housing 3, a lower cover 4 and a fixed magnet 5;
the shell 3 is of a cylindrical shell structure with one end open and one end closed, a through hole is formed in the closed end of the cylindrical shell structure, a coaxial annular groove is formed in the open end of the cylindrical structure, a step surface is formed between the annular groove and the inner cavity of the shell 3, and threads are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the annular groove;
the backseat pin 1 is of a T-shaped column structure, and a circular groove is formed in the horizontal end face of the T-shaped column structure;
referring to fig. 2, the moving magnet 2 and the fixed magnet 5 are both circular magnets, the ratio of the diameter of the fixed magnet 5 to the diameter of the moving magnet 2 is greater than 1.5, and the ratio of the thickness of the fixed magnet 5 to the thickness of the moving magnet 2 is greater than 0.1;
the outer circumferential surface of the lower cover 4 is provided with threads;
the connection mode of all the components of the fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism is as follows:
the horizontal part of the backseat pin 1 is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 3, the vertical part is in shaft fit with the through hole of the shell 3, the horizontal part of the backseat pin 1 is limited by the axial limit of the end face of the shell 3 and the limit of the inner wall of the shell 3, and the horizontal part reciprocates in the inner cavity of the shell 3 along the axial direction;
the movable magnet 2 is fixedly arranged in a circular groove of the backseat pin 1, the fixed magnet 5 is arranged in an annular groove on the shell 3, the same-name magnetic poles of the movable magnet 2 and the fixed magnet 5 are opposite and coaxial, and the movable magnet 2 and the movable magnet 5 jointly form a magnetic spring;
the lower cover 4 is matched with the internal thread of the circular groove through external threads to be fixed on the shell 3, and the fixed magnet 5 is limited, so that the fixed magnet 5 is fixed on the step surface.
The working process comprises the following steps:
when the projectile and the fuze accidentally fall, the recoil pin 1 moves towards the fixed magnet 5 under the action of impact force when falling, and the impact force is short in duration and insufficient for enabling the recoil pin 1 to move in place, and the repulsive force generated by the fact that the two magnets of the magnetic spring 2 are opposite in magnetic poles with the same name pushes the recoil pin 1 back to the original assembly position, so that the fuze is in a safe state continuously;
when the projectile is launched, the recoil pin 1 and the movable magnet 2 move towards the direction of the fixed magnet 5 against the repulsive force of the fixed magnet 5 under the action of recoil force, and the repulsive force generated by the magnetic spring 2 is firstly increased and then decreased along with the increase of the displacement of the recoil pin 1. When the displacement of the moving magnet 2 increases to a critical point, the repulsive force generated by the fixed magnet 5 becomes attractive force, the moving magnet 2 is pulled to the fixed magnet 5, the moving magnet 2 is promoted to move towards the fixed magnet 5 continuously until the squatting pin 1 moves in place, and the fuze is in a waiting state.
Working principle: when the gap between the fixed magnet 5 and the moving magnet 2 is changed from large to small, the repulsive force of the whole magnetic spring 2 is firstly increased and then decreased, and finally converted into attractive force. The method comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 2, the moving magnet 2 is in a floating state relative to the fixed magnet 5, and repulsive forces of homonymous magnetic poles between the moving magnet 2 and the fixed magnet 5 are respectively F ud And F du Attractive forces between the different-name magnetic poles are F respectively dd And F uu The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Referring to fig. 3, the characteristic curve of the magnetic spring 2 is divided into three phases when it is pressed: the first phase is the A-B segment of the curve, the repulsive force dominates, i.e. (F ud +F du )>(F uu +F dd ) The repulsive force generated by the magnetic spring 2 increases with the increase in the compression amount; the second phase is the B-C segment of the curve, which is still the dominant repulsive force, i.e. (F ud +F du )>(F uu +F dd ) The repulsive force generated by the magnetic spring 2 decreases with increasing compression amount; the third stage is C-Segment D, the magnetic spring 2 as a whole exhibits dominant attractive force, i.e. (F ud +F du )<(F uu +F dd ) And the attractive force increases as the compression amount increases.
The fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism replaces the resistance original by the traditional metal spiral spring, is convenient to process and install, has rich using stiffness characteristics and long service life, has high stiffness when the deformation amount of the magnetic spring is small, has low stiffness when the deformation amount of the magnetic spring is large, can identify the firing environment, is beneficial to improving the safety of the fuse when the projectile and the fuse accidentally drop under service treatment or other extreme conditions, and has higher working reliability.
To further illustrate the reliable arming of the magnetic squat safety mechanism of the present invention under low overload conditions, a set of mechanism design parameters was selected to illustrate the characteristics of the fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism of the present invention. The mechanism design parameters are listed in table 1.
Table 1 fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism design parameters
Figure BDA0003988039150000041
Figure BDA0003988039150000051
Referring to fig. 4, the dynamic characteristic analysis is performed on the squat safety mechanism by taking the acceleration signal as an overload signal when a certain antitank missile is launched, and finally, the relation curve of the displacement of the squat pin in the magnetic squat safety mechanism and time is obtained, see fig. 5.
The specific analysis process is as follows:
to facilitate the kinematic and dynamic analysis of the fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism, the following simplifying assumptions are made for the mechanism: a) The magnetic squat safety mechanism is regarded as a undamped vibration system; b) Only considering the motion of the main direction of the system, ignoring the influence of the system swing; c) Neglecting the friction of the squat pin in motion is with the inner wall of the housing.
During the firing of the projectile, the moving magnet and the recoil pin of the magnetic spring 2 are subjected to the following forces as moving parts:
(1) Linear inertial force:
f (t) =ma (t) formula (1)
In the m-magnetic spring, the mass m of the moving magnet 2 And squat pin mass m 1 M=0.8 g; the descent time of the movable magnet and the recoil pin in the t-magnetic spring; a (t) -squat acceleration of squat pin, a (t) =6g, g is gravitational acceleration;
dividing acceleration generated when an antitank missile is launched into three sections, wherein the first section is an acceleration rising stage of 0-25 ms, and the expression is a (t) =2352 t; the second section is a 25-75 ms acceleration constant phase, and the expression is a (t) =6g; the third 75-100 ms is an acceleration descending stage, and the expression is a (t) = -2352t+235.2;
the releasing safety process of the magnetic squat safety mechanism is as follows: the recoil pin 1 is fixed at the original assembly position under the repulsive force of the magnetic spring in the acceleration rising stage when the antitank missile is not launched and when the antitank missile is launched; after the front-stage safety mechanism is released in the acceleration constant stage, the squatting pin 1 starts to move towards the fixed magnet in the acceleration constant stage until the squatting pin is attracted with the fixed magnet, so that the aim of releasing safety is fulfilled. At this time, the acceleration change is still in a constant phase, i.e., a (t) =6g.
(2) Magnetic spring force:
R(y)＝R(x(t)+x 0 ) Formula (2)
Wherein; y-the compression of the magnetic spring; x (t) -the displacement of the moving magnet and the squat pin in the magnetic spring; x is x 0 -the amount of pre-compression of the magnetic spring; the descent time of the movable magnet and the recoil pin in the t-magnetic spring;
according to the curve of fig. 3, the fitting equation for the magnetic spring force in the magnetic squat safety mechanism is obtained as:
R(y)＝p 1 y 9 +p 2 y 8 +p 3 y 7 +p 4 y 6 +p 5 y 5 +p 6 y 4 +p 7 y 3 +p 8 y 2 +p 9 y 1 +p 10 formula (3)
Wherein:
p 1 ＝-8.65804331372p 4 03e+19；p 2 ＝3.57209861776628e+18；p 3 ＝-6.18852586404227e+16；
＝583981536668950；p 5 ＝-3260329718032.52；p 6 ＝10938108188.5749；p 7 ＝-21275364.767496；p 8 ＝22099.3484433321；p 9 ＝-8.37389319694787；p 10 ＝0.0171873883143065。
the differential equation of motion of the moving magnet and the recoil pin in the magnetic spring is:
Figure BDA0003988039150000061
referring to fig. 5, a plot of the descent time t of the moving magnet and squat pin in the magnetic spring as a function of magnetic squat pin displacement x (t) can be obtained;
as can be seen from table 1, the minimum stroke of the relief of the squatting pin is h=6mm, at this time, the moving magnet and the squatting pin displacement x (t) =6mm in the magnetic spring, see fig. 5, the time required for the squatting pin to move for 6mm is 14.79ms, and the duration of the constant acceleration stage is 50ms, so that the squatting pin can reliably relieve the relief, and the acting force of the magnetic spring is changed from repulsive force to attractive force along with the continuous movement of the squatting pin, so that the squatting pin does not rebound, and the reliability and stability of the squatting pin when completely relieving the relief are ensured.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism, comprising: the seat post, the movable magnet, the shell and the fixed magnet;
the fixed magnet is fixedly arranged at one end of the shell;
the rear seat pin is of a T-shaped column structure, the horizontal part of the T-shaped column structure is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, and the movable magnet is fixedly arranged on the end face of the horizontal part of the rear seat pin; the vertical part of the T-shaped column structure extends out of the other end of the shell, the horizontal part of the rear seat pin is limited by the end face of the shell and the inner wall of the shell, and the rear seat pin reciprocates in the inner cavity of the shell along the length direction of the shell;
the same-name magnetic poles of the movable magnet and the fixed magnet are opposite, and the movable magnet and the fixed magnet form a magnetic spring together;
the moving magnet and the fixed magnet are both round magnets, the ratio of the diameter of the fixed magnet to the diameter of the moving magnet is larger than 1.5, and the ratio of the thickness of the fixed magnet to the thickness of the moving magnet is larger than 0.1, so that when the gap between the fixed magnet and the moving magnet is changed from large to small, the repulsive force of the magnetic spring is firstly increased and then decreased, and finally the repulsive force is converted into attractive force.
2. A fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism according to claim 1, wherein said moving magnet is coaxially disposed with said fixed magnet.
3. The fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism of claim 1, further comprising a lower cover;
the shell is of a cylindrical shell structure with one end open and one end closed, a coaxial annular groove is formed in the open end of the cylindrical structure, a step surface is formed between the annular groove and the inner cavity of the shell, and threads are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the annular groove; the fixed magnet is arranged in an annular groove on the shell, the lower cover is matched with the internal thread of the circular groove through external threads to fix the shell, and the fixed magnet is limited, so that the fixed magnet is fixed on the step surface.
4. A fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism according to claim 3, wherein said closed end of said housing is formed with a through hole; the vertical portion of the backseat pin is in shaft fit with the through hole of the housing.
5. A fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the horizontal end face of the squat pin is machined with a circular recess; the moving magnet is fixedly arranged in the circular groove of the backseat pin.
CN202211571957.2A 2022-12-08 2022-12-08 Fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism Pending CN116105557A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211571957.2A CN116105557A (en) 2022-12-08 2022-12-08 Fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211571957.2A CN116105557A (en) 2022-12-08 2022-12-08 Fuse magnetic squat safety mechanism

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116105557A true CN116105557A (en) 2023-05-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (1)

Country Link
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