CN116103808A

CN116103808A - Preparation method of composite yarn

Info

Publication number: CN116103808A
Application number: CN202310070035.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨菊珍; 任美荣; 任哲微; 何宇; 刘宇清
Original assignee: Wujiang Xinsanyang Textile Co ltd
Current assignee: Wujiang Xinsanyang Textile Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-29
Filing date: 2022-03-29
Publication date: 2023-05-12
Also published as: CN114737266A; CN114737266B

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of composite yarn, which comprises the following steps: in the melt spinning process, coating antistatic nano fibers spun by an antistatic spinning solution on core filaments spun by the melt spinning method and not cooled completely by adopting a conjugated electrostatic spinning method, and partially or completely adhering the antistatic nano fibers on the core filaments to prepare intermediate yarns; in the melt spinning process, mixing a polymer raw material and an auxiliary agent, and adding the mixture into a double-screw spinning machine for spinning; then coating the natural antibacterial yarn or the multicomponent yarn containing the natural antibacterial yarn on the intermediate yarn, dripping an organic solvent on the yarn obtained after coating, and then drying to prepare the composite yarn; the composite yarn prepared by the method has excellent durability on the basis of having relatively excellent antibacterial and antistatic functions, and each function is not easy to lose efficacy in the weaving or using process, so that the composite yarn is suitable for the fields of outdoor clothing and the like.

Description

Preparation method of composite yarn

The invention relates to a compound yarn with antibacterial and antistatic functions, a preparation method and application thereof, which are classified application of Chinese invention patent application, wherein the application date is 2022, 03, 29 and 2022103201346.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of functional yarn production, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a composite yarn.

Background

Along with the continuous improvement of living standard, the requirements of people on the fabric are also continuously improved, especially in the aspect of functional diversity. Currently, functional fabrics on the market are popular, but the realization mode is mainly realized by dipping, coating various functional auxiliary agents and mixing and twisting with various functional yarns. However, impregnation and coating greatly affect the flexibility and air permeability of the fabric, and are easy to fall off during weaving or use; although the mixed twisting mode avoids the problems caused by the dipping and coating modes to a certain extent, when multiple functionalities are needed and the combination of the yarns with different functionalities is difficult to ensure, the mechanical properties of the composite yarns are easily reduced, or the mechanical properties are suddenly reduced in the use process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an improved preparation method of the composite yarn with antibacterial and antistatic functions.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: a method for preparing a composite yarn having antibacterial and antistatic functions, the method comprising:

in the melt spinning process, coating antistatic nano fibers spun by an antistatic spinning solution on core filaments spun by a melt spinning method and not cooled completely by adopting a conjugated electrostatic spinning method, wherein part or all of the antistatic nano fibers are adhered to the core filaments to prepare intermediate yarns;

and then coating the intermediate yarn with the natural antibacterial yarn or the multicomponent yarn containing the natural antibacterial yarn to prepare the composite yarn with antibacterial and antistatic functions.

According to some preferred and specific aspects of the present invention, the antistatic spinning solution comprises graphene oxide, water and polyvinyl alcohol. The chemical fiber is easy to accumulate static electricity, and graphene oxide is spun on the nylon yarn through electrostatic spinning, so that not only is the effect of conveying electrons achieved, but also the yarn has certain infrared physiotherapy resistance.

Further, in the antistatic spinning solution, the concentration of graphene oxide is 2-4mg/mL, and the mass percentage of polyvinyl alcohol is 8-12% in terms of mass percentage.

In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the graphene oxide has a sheet diameter of 500nm to 5 μm and a thickness of 1 to 5nm.

According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the melt spinning has a spinning speed of 20-40m/min.

According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the core yarn is made of nylon, the nylon yarn prepared by melt spinning is prepared by only melting and drawing polymer particles at high temperature, and compared with solution dry spinning and solution wet spinning, the process has the advantages of no coagulating bath and solvent, greatly reduced raw material cost and production cost, no toxicity or pollution in the preparation process, and continuous preparation.

According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the natural antibacterial yarn is made of chitin fiber and/or chitosan fiber, and the multicomponent yarn comprising the natural antibacterial yarn is made of chitin fiber and/or chitosan fiber and cotton fiber.

In some embodiments of the present invention, when the material of the core filament is nylon, the melt spinning process is performed by using a twin screw spinning machine, and the spinning temperature is: the temperature of the three temperature areas is 50-70 ℃, 250-300 ℃ and 220-250 ℃ respectively.

In some embodiments of the present invention, during melt spinning, the polymer raw material and the auxiliary agent may be mixed and added into a twin-screw spinning machine for spinning, the auxiliary agent includes but is not limited to an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, etc., and the mass ratio of the polymer raw material to the auxiliary agent is 100:1-5.

According to some preferred and specific aspects of the invention, the preparation method uses the following production devices for the preparation of the intermediate yarn:

the production device comprises a double-screw spinning machine, a metal target, a power supply, a first spinning needle and a second spinning needle, wherein the double-screw spinning machine is provided with a spinning outlet and is used for spinning core wires, the metal target is rotationally arranged at the spinning outlet, the first spinning needle and the second spinning needle are respectively arranged at two sides of the metal target, the first spinning needle is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, the second spinning needle is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, and the antistatic spinning solution is respectively introduced into the first spinning needle and the second spinning needle to carry out conjugate electrostatic spinning;

wherein, the metal target is inside to be formed with the perforation, the core silk passes after passing the perforation from first spinneret needle, between the second spinneret needle.

According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the voltage of the power supply is 10-30kV.

According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the first and second spinning needles are each spaced from the metal target by 15-20cm.

In some embodiments of the invention, the ambient relative humidity during conjugate electrospinning is 30 to 60%.

According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the spin liquid advancing rate in the first and second spinning needles is 0.6-1.2mL/h, respectively.

According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the metal target is made of copper, the metal target is a round target with the diameter of 6-10cm, and the rotating speed of the metal target is 120-360r/min.

According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, after coating the natural antibacterial yarn or the multicomponent yarn comprising the natural antibacterial yarn on the intermediate yarn, the preparation method further comprises a step of dropping an organic solvent onto the yarn obtained after coating, and then drying to obtain the composite yarn having antibacterial and antistatic functions.

The invention provides another technical scheme that: the composite yarn with antibacterial and antistatic functions is prepared by the preparation method.

The invention provides another technical scheme that: the composite yarn with the antibacterial and antistatic functions is applied to the fields of outdoor clothing preparation and the like, such as outdoor clothing, sleeping bags and the like.

Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

based on the problems existing in the prior art when preparing the composite yarn with antibacterial and antistatic functions, the invention innovatively provides a novel method for combining melt spinning and electrostatic spinning, in the practical process, the inventor researches, analyzes and knows that the silk yarn spun through the melt spinning has a certain temperature initially, and the silk yarn is usually cooled and then collected and stored after being prepared, and the inventor innovatively proposes: the spun silk thread is not cooled, but the spun functional fiber, namely the antistatic functional nanofiber, is directly coated on the silk thread, namely the core fiber, with a certain temperature by an electrostatic spinning method which can be matched with a melt spinning method in continuous production, at the moment, the core fiber is produced by just melting and spinning, the surface layer is softer, when the electrostatic spun antistatic nanofiber is coated, the two fibers can be combined more tightly and are mutually stuck, and are mutually inlaid to a certain extent, so that the bonding strength of the two fibers is greatly improved, the problem of functional deficiency possibly caused by the composite yarn in the prior art in the use or weaving process is avoided, and the combined strength of the core fiber and the antistatic nanofiber is very firm when the composite yarn is mixed and twisted with other functional yarns, so that the twisting strength between the fibers can be effectively reduced when the strength of the same degree is required, the damage to the yarn caused by excessively strong twisting is avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a process for making an intermediate yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure between a metal target and a connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a process for coating a multicomponent yarn onto an intermediate yarn in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one of the composite yarns having antibacterial and antistatic functions according to an embodiment of the present invention;

wherein, 1, a double-screw spinning machine; 2. a feeding port; 3. a screw; 4. a motor; 5. a bearing; 6. a belt pulley; 7. a connector; 8. a metal target; 9. a first spinneret needle; 10. a cross bar; 11. a conical surface; 12. a graphene tow; 13. an organic solvent; 14. an oven; 100. nylon yarn; 200. an intermediate yarn; 300. cotton yarn; 400. chitin yarn; 500. composite yarn with antibacterial and antistatic functions.

Detailed Description

The above-described aspects are further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments; it should be understood that these embodiments are provided to illustrate the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention, and that the present invention is not limited by the scope of the following embodiments; the implementation conditions employed in the examples may be further adjusted according to specific requirements, and the implementation conditions not specified are generally those in routine experiments.

All starting materials are commercially available or prepared by methods conventional in the art, not specifically described in the examples below. Graphene oxide is purchased from Suzhou carbon Feng graphene technology Co., ltd, the specification (sheet diameter is 500-5 μm, thickness is 1-5 nm), cotton yarn is purchased from Shandong Weifang textile Co., ltd, the specification (99% cotton yarn, 40S); chitin yarn was purchased from Weifang Huafeng textile Co.Ltd (specification: 40S).

Example 1

The example provides a preparation method of a composite yarn with antibacterial and antistatic functions and the composite yarn prepared by the preparation method. The composite yarn has antistatic and antibacterial functions.

Specifically, the composite yarn with antibacterial and antistatic functions is prepared by the following method:

in the melt spinning process, coating antistatic nano fibers spun by an antistatic spinning solution on core filaments spun by the melt spinning method and not cooled completely by adopting a conjugated electrostatic spinning method, and partially or completely adhering the antistatic nano fibers on the core filaments to prepare intermediate yarns; wherein, the spinning speed of melt spinning is 30m/min, the material of core silk is nylon, in the melt spinning process, nylon raw material particles and heat stabilizer (specifically PVC heat stabilizer, purchased from Guangdong New Material science and technology Co., ltd., model WWP-G03B) can be mixed and added into a double-screw spinning machine for spinning, the ratio of the adding mass of nylon raw material particles to the adding mass of heat stabilizer is 100:1, the double-screw spinning machine is adopted for spinning, and the spinning temperature is: the temperature of the three temperature areas is 60 ℃, 250 ℃ and 230 ℃ respectively;

the antistatic spinning solution comprises graphene oxide, water and polyvinyl alcohol (the molecular weight is 400000 ～ 500000, the model is 1788, the graphene oxide is purchased from Shanghai color stabilization chemical technology Co., ltd.), the concentration of the graphene oxide is 2mg/mL, and the mass percentage of the polyvinyl alcohol is 10 percent in terms of mass percentage;

and then respectively and alternately coating two strands of three-component cotton yarns and two strands of three-component chitin yarns on the intermediate yarns in turn, and then immersing the intermediate yarns in ethanol and drying the intermediate yarns in an oven to prepare the composite yarn with antibacterial and antistatic functions.

The present embodiments are further described in connection with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and may practice it, but are not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in which fig. 1 schematically shows a process for preparing an intermediate yarn 200, fig. 2 schematically shows a connection structure of a metal target 8 and a connector 7, a production apparatus used in the preparation process of the intermediate yarn 200 comprises a twin-screw spinning machine 1 provided with a spinning outlet for spinning a core wire, a metal target 8 rotatably provided at the spinning outlet, a power source, and first and second spinning needles 9 and second spinning needles respectively provided at both sides of the metal target 8, the first spinning needle 9 is connected to a positive electrode of the power source, the second spinning needle is connected to a negative electrode of the power source, and an antistatic spinning solution is introduced into the first and second spinning needles respectively for conjugate electrospinning;

wherein, the metal target 8 is internally provided with a perforation, the core wire passes through the perforation and then passes through the space between the first spinning needle head 9 and the second spinning needle head, the metal target 8 is made of copper, the metal target 8 is a round target with the diameter of 8cm, and the rotating speed is 180rpm; the voltage of the power supply is 20kV, the advancing rate of spinning solution in the first spinning needle 9 and the second spinning needle is 0.8mL/h, the distance between the first spinning needle 9 and the second spinning needle and the metal target 8 is 15cm, and the relative humidity of the spinning environment is 40%;

specifically, the twin-screw spinning machine 1 sends materials into a feeding port 2, then the materials are mixed through a screw 3 and finally extruded from a spinning outlet, a metal target 8 arranged at the spinning outlet is rotationally arranged, the rotating speed is adjustable, the metal target 8 is arranged on a driven shaft through a connector 7, the driven shaft is connected with a cross rod 10 through a belt pulley 6, the cross rod 10 is rotationally arranged on a bearing 5 and is endowed with a certain rotating speed through a motor 4, then, the metal target 8 and the connector 7 are rotated along with the rotation of the bearing 5 due to the communication driving function of the belt pulley 6, a stable electric field is formed between a first spinning needle 9 and a second spinning needle and the metal target 8 respectively, conjugated electrostatic spinning is carried out, the rotating metal target 8 enables a conical surface 11 to be formed by a graphene filament bundle 12 of electrostatic spinning along with the drawing, and the spinning is rotationally coated on a core filament, namely nylon filament 100, so as to prepare an intermediate yarn 200; the nylon yarn 100 extruded by the double-screw spinning machine 1 just comes out of the spinning outlet, is not cooled at this time, the surface of the nylon yarn 100 is in a softer state even in the surface layer, the adhesiveness is stronger at this time, when the graphene yarn bundles 12 (antistatic nano fibers) are coated on the nylon yarn 100, the graphene yarn bundles 12 can be adhered on the nylon yarn 100, the two are combined very tightly, even a certain degree of mutual embedding can occur, the bonding strength of the two is greatly improved, and the problem of functional deficiency possibly caused in the use or weaving process of the composite yarn in the prior art is avoided.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the figure schematically shows a process of coating a multicomponent yarn on intermediate yarn 200: two three-component cotton yarns 300 and two three-component chitin yarns 400 are respectively and alternately coated on an intermediate yarn 200 (the intermediate yarn 200 is composed of nylon filaments 100 coated with graphene tows 12 (antistatic nanofibers)), and then the intermediate yarn is immersed in an organic solvent 13 (ethanol) and dried in an oven 14 to prepare a composite yarn 500 with antibacterial and antistatic functions (the schematic cross-sectional view of the composite yarn is shown in fig. 4).

Example 2

The example provides a preparation method of a composite yarn with antibacterial and antistatic functions and the composite yarn prepared by the preparation method.

It is basically the same as in example 1, except that: the mass ratio of the nylon raw material particles to the heat stabilizer is 75:1, and the spinning temperature is as follows: the temperature of the three temperature areas is 60 ℃, 260 ℃ and 240 ℃ respectively;

and respectively and alternately coating three strands of three-component cotton yarns and three strands of three-component chitin yarns on the intermediate yarns in turn, and then immersing the intermediate yarns in ethanol and drying the intermediate yarns in an oven to prepare the composite yarn with antibacterial and antistatic functions.

Example 3

It is basically the same as in example 1, except that: and respectively and alternately coating four strands of three-component cotton yarns and four strands of three-component chitin yarns on the intermediate yarns in turn, and then immersing the intermediate yarns in ethanol and drying the intermediate yarns in an oven to prepare the composite yarn with antibacterial and antistatic functions.

Performance testing

The composite yarns with antibacterial and antistatic functions prepared in the above examples 1 to 3 were subjected to antibacterial performance, strength, static half life, and mass loss tests, the test standards are as follows, and specific test results are shown in tables 1 and 2.

Strength performance test index: GB/T3916-2013 determination of breaking Strength and breaking elongation of individual yarns of textile Package yarns;

antibacterial performance test index: GB/T20944.3-2008, evaluation of antibacterial Properties of textiles section 3: oscillation method;

static half life test index: GB/T12703.1-2008 "half-life method of static voltage";

measurement index of mass loss: GB/T21196.3-2007 section 3 determination of abrasion resistance of textile Martindale fabrics.

TABLE 1

TABLE 2

The above embodiments are provided to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.

The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and are understood to encompass values approaching those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method of making a composite yarn, the method comprising:

in the melt spinning process, coating antistatic nano fibers spun by an antistatic spinning solution on core filaments spun by a melt spinning method and not cooled completely by adopting a conjugated electrostatic spinning method, wherein part or all of the antistatic nano fibers are adhered to the core filaments to prepare intermediate yarns; in the melt spinning process, mixing a polymer raw material and an auxiliary agent, and adding the mixture into a double-screw spinning machine for spinning;

and coating the natural antibacterial yarn or the multicomponent yarn containing the natural antibacterial yarn on the intermediate yarn, dripping an organic solvent on the yarn obtained after coating, and drying to prepare the composite yarn.

2. The method of producing a composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises an antioxidant or a heat stabilizer.

3. The method for producing a composite yarn according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the polymer raw material to the auxiliary agent is 100:1-5.

4. The method for preparing composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the core yarn is nylon, and the spinning temperature in the melt spinning process is: the temperature of the three temperature areas is 50-70 ℃, 250-300 ℃ and 220-250 ℃ respectively.

5. The method of producing a composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the spinning speed of the melt spinning is 20 to 40m/min.

6. The method of preparing a composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the antistatic spinning solution comprises graphene oxide, water and polyvinyl alcohol; in the antistatic spinning solution, the concentration of graphene oxide is 2-4mg/mL, the sheet diameter of the graphene oxide is 500 nm-5 mu m, the thickness of the graphene oxide is 1-5 nm, and the mass percentage of polyvinyl alcohol is 8% -12% in terms of mass percentage.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the ambient relative humidity during conjugate electrospinning is 30% to 60%.

8. The method for preparing the composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the natural antibacterial yarn is made of chitin fibers and/or chitosan fibers, and the multicomponent yarn containing the natural antibacterial yarn is composed of the chitin fibers and/or chitosan fibers and cotton fibers.

9. The method for producing a composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the method for producing the intermediate yarn uses the following production apparatus:

the production device comprises a double-screw spinning machine, a metal target, a power supply, a first spinning needle head, a second spinning needle head, a first spinning needle head and a second spinning needle head, wherein the double-screw spinning machine is provided with a spinning outlet and is used for spinning core wires, the metal target is rotationally arranged at the spinning outlet, the first spinning needle head and the second spinning needle head are respectively arranged at two sides of the metal target, the first spinning needle head is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, the second spinning needle head is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, and the antistatic spinning solution is respectively introduced into the first spinning needle head and the second spinning needle head to carry out conjugate electrostatic spinning;

10. The method of producing a composite yarn according to claim 9, wherein the voltage of the power source is 10-30kV; and/or the distance between each of the first spinning needle and the second spinning needle and the metal target is 15-20cm; the advancing speed of the spinning solution in the first spinning needle head and the second spinning needle head is 0.6-1.2mL/h respectively; the metal target is made of copper, the metal target is a round target with the diameter of 6-10cm, and the rotating speed of the metal target is 120-360r/min.