CN116103478A - Preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel - Google Patents

Preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel Download PDF

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CN116103478A
CN116103478A CN202310048558.6A CN202310048558A CN116103478A CN 116103478 A CN116103478 A CN 116103478A CN 202310048558 A CN202310048558 A CN 202310048558A CN 116103478 A CN116103478 A CN 116103478A
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quenching
wear
low
steel plate
toughness
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邓想涛
柯雪利
王麒
陈依弟
刘光穆
付天亮
韩钧
王昭东
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Guangxi Guangsheng New Material Technology Co ltd
Northeastern University China
Guangxi Shenglong Metallurgical Co Ltd
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Guangxi Guangsheng New Material Technology Co ltd
Northeastern University China
Guangxi Shenglong Metallurgical Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310048558.6A priority Critical patent/CN116103478A/en
Publication of CN116103478A publication Critical patent/CN116103478A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel, which is used for producing the low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel plate by combining specific component design with off-line heat treatment, wherein the specific component design is that laterite nickel ore is adopted to replace nickel alloy raw materialProducing high-toughness wear-resistant steel, wherein the nickel content is controlled to be 0.50-2.00 wt%; and coiling and leveling the hot rolled steel plate, and performing off-line heat treatment, wherein the off-line heat treatment adopts rolling type constraint quenching and low-temperature tempering through hot air smoke circulation heating. The method simplifies the production process, reduces the production cost, and improves the toughness and the formability of the wear-resistant steel; the produced low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel has the hardness of 360-500HB, the tensile strength of 1100-1650MPa, the elongation of 11% -15%, the residual stress of the steel plate below 100MPa and the impact toughness of 50J/cm at minus 60 DEG C 2 The above.

Description

Preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel, and belongs to the technical field of wear-resistant steel plate manufacturing.
Background
With the increase of the grade of the wear-resistant steel, the carbon content in the steel is increased, the hardness is increased, the toughness is reduced, and the formability is deteriorated. In the industrial industries of engineering machinery, equipment manufacturing and the like, a large amount of wear-resistant steel is used, part of workpieces are complex in shape, and the preparation process needs to be subjected to bending molding, so that certain requirements on toughness and formability of the steel plate are met. The high-strength thin steel plate has higher internal stress sensitivity, the shape of the steel plate is difficult to control, and the deformation of the steel plate or the deformation after cutting, bending and forming is very easy to cause. In addition, the residual internal stress of the super high strength steel plate of 1000MPa and above is larger after quenching, low-temperature tempering is needed to eliminate the internal stress, reduce the risk of delayed cracking and regulate and control tissues, and the existing tempering equipment is heated by flame or radiant tube, so that the accurate control cannot be performed below 300 ℃.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel, which is prepared by combining roll-press type constraint quenching and hot air smoke circulation heating high-precision low-temperature tempering through specific component design.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
the preparation method of the low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel comprises the steps of producing the low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel plate through combination of specific component design and off-line heat treatment, wherein the specific component design is to adopt laterite nickel ore to replace nickel alloy to produce the high-toughness wear-resistant steel, and the nickel content is controlled to be 0.50-2.00 wt%; and coiling and leveling the hot rolled steel plate, and performing off-line heat treatment, wherein the off-line heat treatment adopts rolling type constraint quenching and low-temperature tempering through hot air smoke circulation heating.
The specific preparation process comprises smelting, casting, continuous casting billet heating, rolling, coiling and cooling and off-line heat treatment.
According to the preparation method, preferably, the chemical composition of the wear-resistant steel is as follows in percentage by weight: c:0.10-0.15; ni:0.50-1.00; ti:0.01-0.02; mn:0.50-1.00; si:0.20-0.30; mo:0.20-0.30; n is less than or equal to 0.004; s is less than or equal to 0.003; p is less than or equal to 0.008; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
Proper amounts of Nb and V can be added, the sum of Nb, V and Ti is less than 0.02 percent, and whether Nb, V and Ti are added or not can be selected according to the actual situation if the grain is required to be refined. The mechanical properties of the obtained steel plate: the hardness of the steel plate is more than 360HB, the tensile strength is more than 1100MPa, the elongation is more than 12 percent, and the impact toughness at minus 60 ℃ is more than 100J/cm 2 The residual stress is lower than 90MPa.
The preparation method as described above, preferably the chemical composition of the wear-resistant steelThe weight percentage of the components is as follows: c:0.15-0.20; ni:1.00-1.50; ti:0.01-0.02; mn:0.50-1.00; si:0.20-0.30; mo:0.30-0.40; n is less than or equal to 0.004; s is less than or equal to 0.003; p is less than or equal to 0.008; the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements, a proper amount of Nb and V can be added, and the sum of Nb, V and Ti is less than 0.02 percent; obtaining the mechanical properties of the steel plate: the hardness of the steel plate is above 400HB, the tensile strength is above 1400MPa, the elongation is above 12%, and the impact toughness at minus 60 ℃ is above 70J/cm 2 The residual stress is lower than 90MPa.
According to the preparation method, preferably, the chemical composition of the wear-resistant steel is as follows in percentage by weight: c:0.20-0.25; ni:1.50-2.00; ti:0.02-0.03; mn:0.50-1.00; si:0.20-0.30; mo:0.40-0.50; n is less than or equal to 0.004; s is less than or equal to 0.003; p is less than or equal to 0.008; the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements, and proper amounts of Nb and V can be added, and the sum of Nb, V and Ti is less than 0.03%. Obtaining the mechanical properties of the steel plate: the hardness of the steel plate is above 450HB, the tensile strength is above 1600MPa, the elongation is above 11%, and the impact toughness at minus 60 ℃ is above 50J/cm 2 The residual stress is lower than 100MPa.
According to the preparation method, preferably, the nickel content in the laterite-nickel ore is 0.8-1.5% by mass and the iron content is 30-50% by mass.
In the above preparation method, preferably, the hot rolled steel plate is cooled to 550-650 ℃ for coiling, and air-cooled to room temperature after coiling;
and (3) carrying out leveling treatment on the coiled steel coil, wherein the unevenness after leveling is controlled to be 6mm/m.
According to the preparation method, uncoiling, straightening, shearing and sizing are preferably carried out on coiled steel coils after coiling, and then off-line heat treatment is carried out, wherein the quenching temperature of the constraint quenching is 850-900 ℃, and the heating time coefficient is 1.7-2.1min/mm; the tempering temperature of the low-temperature tempering is 150-220 ℃, and the time coefficient of heat preservation is 4.5-6min/mm; wherein the time coefficient refers to the ratio of the required time to the thickness of the steel plate.
Straightening is not needed after heat treatment, and the unevenness of the steel plate is within 2mm/m.
In the preparation method, preferably, the restraint quenching is carried out in the quenching cooling zone 1-zone 2 in the stage 1, the restraint quenching is carried out by adopting a hydraulic annular press roll, the upper press roll of the hydraulic annular press roll is adjustable, the working stroke range is 4 mm-6 mm, and the restraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 30-70 kN; in the 2 nd stage, in the quenching cooling area 3-4, a hydraulic pressure flat press roller is adopted for constraint quenching, an upper press roller of the hydraulic pressure flat press roller is adjustable, the working stroke range is 3-7 mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 20-60 kN; in the 3 rd stage, in the quenching cooling 5 area to the quenching cooling 6 area, the common flat press roller is adopted for constraint quenching, the upper press roller of the common flat press roller is adjustable, the working stroke range of the upper press roller is 3mm to 7mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 30-70 kN.
In the preparation method, preferably, the deviation of low-temperature tempering by the hot air flue gas circulation heating is within +/-3 ℃.
(III) beneficial effects
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel, which utilizes low-cost laterite nickel ore to replace nickel alloy to produce high-toughness wear-resistant steel, fully utilizes nickel element in the laterite nickel ore, does not need to additionally add nickel alloy, simplifies production process, reduces components, and improves toughness and formability of the wear-resistant steel. The invention produces the low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel, the hardness of the steel plate is 360-500HB, the tensile strength is 1100-1650MPa, the elongation is 11% -15%, the residual stress of the steel plate is below 100MPa, and the impact toughness at minus 60 ℃ can reach 50J/cm 2 The steel plate is not required to be straightened after heat treatment, and the unevenness of the steel plate is within 2mm/m.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel, which is characterized in that a low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel plate is prepared by combining roll-press type constraint quenching and hot air smoke circulation heating high-precision low-temperature tempering through specific component design. The specific component design means that the low-cost laterite-nickel ore is used for replacing nickel alloy to produce the high-toughness wear-resistant steel, and the nickel element in the laterite-nickel ore is fully utilized without additional additionThe nickel alloy simplifies the production process, reduces the components, and improves the toughness and the formability of the wear-resistant steel. The invention can produce low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel with the thickness range of 2-25.4mm, the steel plate hardness of 360-500HB, the tensile strength of 1100-1650MPa, the elongation of 11-15%, the residual stress of the steel plate below 100MPa and the impact toughness of 50J/cm at minus 60 DEG C 2 The steel plate is not required to be straightened after heat treatment, and the unevenness of the steel plate is within 2mm/m.
Component characteristics: the low-cost laterite-nickel ore is used for replacing nickel alloy to produce the high-toughness wear-resistant steel, the nickel element in the laterite-nickel ore is fully utilized, no additional nickel alloy is needed, the production process is simplified, the components are reduced, and meanwhile, the toughness and the formability of the wear-resistant steel are improved.
The nickel content in the laterite-nickel ore is 0.8-1.5% by mass and the iron content is 30-50% by mass. The nickel element can improve the toughness of the wear-resistant steel, and the nickel content is controlled to be 0.50-2.00wt.% according to the proportion of nickel and iron elements in the selected laterite-nickel ore.
Offline heat treatment characteristics: (1) By adopting rolling type constraint quenching, the shape of the thin-specification steel plate can be well controlled. (2) The low-temperature tempering at 150-220 ℃ is performed by the circulating heating of hot air smoke, so that the low-temperature high-precision tempering at low temperature +/-3 ℃ can be realized, and the residual stress can be effectively reduced by uniform tempering.
The restraint quenching effect is as follows: in the rapid cooling area, the plate strip has larger internal stress, the hydraulic annular press roller, the hydraulic pressure flat press roller and the common flat press roller act on the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate strip at larger rolling pressure, the constraint force is set to be more than or equal to the yield strength of the steel plate during quenching at a high temperature section, the external constraint force is applied during quenching, the plate strip is ensured to have good quenching flatness, meanwhile, the release of the internal stress of the plate strip is promoted to obtain a low internal stress product, and good bending forming performance is obtained.
The constraint quenching is that a roller quenching machine adopts a hydraulic pressing/lifting system to realize the movement of an upper frame, an upper roller system and an upper nozzle. The 3-stage independent hydraulic fixed-movable frame is designed, the 10-ton hydraulic pressing requirement is met, and the strong constraint control of the quenching plate shape of the thin-specification steel plate is realized. Before the steel plate bites into the roller system, the hydraulic system performs constant roll gap control (constant position control), and after the steel plate bites into the roller system, if quenching deformation occurs, pressure control is performed.
Most of hot air circulates in the tempering furnace through hot air flue gas circulation, so that the uniformity of the temperature of each part of the steel plate is ensured, low-temperature high-precision tempering at +/-3 ℃ can be realized, residual stress can be effectively reduced through uniform temperature distribution, meanwhile, the heat efficiency of hot air circulation is high, and energy sources can be saved.
The Ni element can play a role in improving the low-temperature toughness, but the cost of the Ni element is relatively high, and excessive addition can cause the cost of the steel plate to be too high, so that the Ni content is controlled to be between 0.5 and 2 percent. In addition, the low-cost laterite nickel ore is used for replacing nickel alloy to produce the high-toughness wear-resistant steel, the nickel element in the laterite nickel ore is fully utilized, no additional nickel alloy is needed, the production process is simplified, the components are reduced, and meanwhile, the toughness and the formability of the wear-resistant steel are improved.
In the preparation method, the roll-type constrained quenching is adopted, so that the shape of the thin-specification steel plate can be well controlled. The low-temperature tempering at 150-220 ℃ is performed by the circulating heating of hot air smoke, so that the low-temperature high-precision tempering at low temperature +/-3 ℃ can be realized, and the residual stress can be effectively reduced by uniform tempering. The high-toughness low-stress thin-specification wear-resistant steel plate with good plate shape can be obtained through the process.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments for better explaining the present invention. The mechanical properties of the steel plates obtained in the following examples and comparative examples were measured according to the GB/T228-2002 tensile test method at room temperature, the low temperature impact toughness was measured according to the Charpy pendulum impact test method of the GB/T229-2007 metal material, the hardness was measured according to the GB/T231.1-2009 method, the residual stress was measured by the X-ray diffraction method, and the unevenness was measured by the Q/BQB 401-2018 method.
Example 1
A preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel comprises the following steps of: 0.13; ni:0.80; ti:0.015; mn:0.80; si:0.25; mo:0.25; n is less than or equal to 0.004; s is less than or equal to 0.003; p is less than or equal to 0.008; and the balance of Fe is used for proportioning, and the nickel source is low-cost laterite nickel ore used for replacing nickel alloy to produce the high-toughness wear-resistant steel, wherein the content of nickel in the laterite nickel ore is 1% by mass and the content of iron in the laterite nickel ore is 40% by mass.
The specific preparation process comprises smelting, casting, continuous casting billet heating, rolling, coiling and cooling and off-line heat treatment. Conventional means of the art may be employed, which are not described in detail below, and are not described in detail herein.
And (3) carrying out sectional cooling on the steel plate hot-rolled to 4mm, namely rapidly cooling to 550 ℃ and then coiling, and cooling to room temperature after coiling.
And (3) carrying out leveling treatment on the coiled steel coil, wherein the leveling unevenness is controlled to be 6mm/m.
And carrying out off-line heat treatment after rolling, wherein the quenching temperature is 880 ℃, the heating time is 1 hour, the tempering temperature is 220 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours. The roller-type quenching machine is adopted for quenching, so that good plate shape can be ensured. In the quenching cooling 1 area-2 area, the stage 1 of the constraint quenching adopts a hydraulic annular press roll for constraint quenching, the upper press roll of the hydraulic annular press roll is adjustable, the working stroke range is 4 mm-6 mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 50-90 kN; in the 2 nd stage, in the quenching cooling area 3-4, a hydraulic pressure flat press roller is adopted for constraint quenching, an upper press roller of the hydraulic pressure flat press roller is adjustable, the working stroke range is 3-7 mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 40-80 kN; in the 3 rd stage, in the quenching cooling 5 area to the quenching cooling 6 area, a common flat press roller is adopted for constraint quenching, the upper press roller of the common flat press roller is adjustable, the working stroke range of the upper press roller is 3mm to 7mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 50-90 kN. The low-temperature tempering is carried out by adopting hot air flue gas circulation heating, so that the low-temperature high-precision tempering at the low temperature of +/-3 ℃ can be realized, and the residual internal stress of the steel plate is reduced.
The steel sheet having a thickness of 4mm was subjected to hardness, tensile strength, elongation, impact toughness residual stress at-60℃and unevenness detection. The hardness of the steel plate is 373HB, the tensile strength is 1180MPa, the elongation is 15 percent, and the impact toughness at minus 60 ℃ is 103J/cm 2 The residual stress was 79MPa, and the unevenness was 0.8mm/m.
Example 2
A preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.19; ni:1.30; ti:0.015; mn:0.80; si:0.25; mo:0.35; n is less than or equal to 0.004; s is less than or equal to 0.003; p is less than or equal to 0.008; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
The nickel content in the laterite-nickel ore is 1% by mass and the iron content is 40% by mass.
The specific preparation process comprises smelting, casting, continuous casting billet heating, rolling, coiling and cooling and off-line heat treatment.
The steel plate hot-rolled to 4mm is cooled to 600 ℃ in a sectional manner, coiled, and cooled to room temperature in an air cooling manner after coiling.
And (3) carrying out leveling treatment on the coiled steel coil, wherein the leveling unevenness is controlled to be 6mm/m.
And carrying out off-line heat treatment after rolling, wherein the quenching temperature is 880 ℃, the heating time is 1 hour, the tempering temperature is 220 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours. The roller-type quenching machine is adopted for quenching, so that good plate shape can be ensured. In the quenching cooling 1 area-2 area, the stage 1 of the constraint quenching adopts a hydraulic annular press roller for constraint quenching, the upper press roller of the hydraulic annular press roller is adjustable, the working stroke range is 4 mm-6 mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 40-80 kN; in the 2 nd stage, in the quenching cooling area 3-4, a hydraulic pressure flat press roller is adopted for constraint quenching, an upper press roller of the hydraulic pressure flat press roller is adjustable, the working stroke range is 3-7 mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 30-70 kN; in the 3 rd stage, in the quenching cooling 5 area to the quenching cooling 6 area, a common flat press roller is adopted for constraint quenching, the upper press roller of the common flat press roller is adjustable, the working stroke range of the common flat press roller is 3mm to 7mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 40-80 kN. The low-temperature tempering is carried out by adopting hot air flue gas circulation heating, so that the low-temperature high-precision tempering at the low temperature of +/-3 ℃ can be realized, and the residual internal stress of the steel plate is reduced.
The steel plate has the hardness of 443HB, the tensile strength of 1457MPa, the elongation of 13.1 percent and the impact toughness of 75J/cm at minus 60 DEG C 2 The residual stress was 87MPa, and the unevenness was 1.2mm/m.
Example 3
A preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.25; ni:1.80; ti:0.025; mn:0.80; si:0.25; mo:0.45; n is less than or equal to 0.004; s is less than or equal to 0.003; p is less than or equal to 0.008; the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements are mixed, and the low-cost laterite-nickel ore is used for replacing nickel alloy to produce high-toughness wear-resistant steel, wherein the content of nickel in the laterite-nickel ore is 1% by mass and the content of iron in the laterite-nickel ore is 40% by mass. The specific preparation process comprises smelting, casting, continuous casting billet heating, rolling, coiling and cooling and off-line heat treatment.
The steel plate hot-rolled to 4mm is cooled to 600 ℃ in a sectional manner, coiled, and cooled to room temperature in an air cooling manner after coiling.
And (3) carrying out leveling treatment on the coiled steel coil, wherein the leveling unevenness is controlled to be 6mm/m.
And carrying out off-line heat treatment after rolling, wherein the quenching temperature is 880 ℃, the heating time is 1 hour, the tempering temperature is 220 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours. The roller-type quenching machine is adopted for quenching, so that good plate shape can be ensured. In the quenching cooling 1 area-2 area, the stage 1 of the constraint quenching adopts a hydraulic annular press roll for constraint quenching, the upper press roll of the hydraulic annular press roll is adjustable, the working stroke range is 4 mm-6 mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 30-70 kN; in the 2 nd stage, in the quenching cooling area 3-4, a hydraulic pressure flat press roller is adopted for constraint quenching, an upper press roller of the hydraulic pressure flat press roller is adjustable, the working stroke range is 3-7 mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 20-60 kN; in the 3 rd stage, in the quenching cooling 5 area to the quenching cooling 6 area, the common flat press roller is adopted for constraint quenching, the upper press roller of the common flat press roller is adjustable, the working stroke range of the upper press roller is 3mm to 7mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 30-70 kN. The low-temperature tempering is carried out by adopting hot air flue gas circulation heating, so that the low-temperature high-precision tempering at the low temperature of +/-3 ℃ can be realized, and the residual internal stress of the steel plate is reduced.
The hardness of the steel plate is 489HB, the tensile strength is 1650MPa, the elongation is 11.8 percent, and the impact toughness at minus 60 ℃ is 53J/cm 2 The residual stress was 95MPa, and the unevenness was 1.8mm/m.
Comparative example
A preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.25; ni:1.80; ti:0.025; mn:0.80; si:0.25; mo:0.45; n is less than or equal to 0.004; s is less than or equal to 0.003; p is less than or equal to 0.008; the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements are mixed, and the low-cost laterite-nickel ore is used for replacing nickel alloy to produce high-toughness wear-resistant steel, wherein the content of nickel in the laterite-nickel ore is 1% by mass and the content of iron in the laterite-nickel ore is 40% by mass.
The specific preparation process comprises smelting, casting, continuous casting billet heating, rolling, coiling and cooling and off-line heat treatment.
The steel plate hot-rolled to 4mm is cooled to 600 ℃ in a sectional manner, coiled, and cooled to room temperature in an air cooling manner after coiling.
And (3) carrying out leveling treatment on the coiled steel coil, wherein the leveling unevenness is controlled to be 6mm/m.
And carrying out off-line heat treatment after rolling, wherein the quenching temperature is 880 ℃, the heating time is 1 hour, the tempering temperature is 220 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours. The off-line heat treatment adopts a traditional non-rolling quenching device and a flame or radiant tube type heating tempering device.
The hardness of the steel plate is 489HB, the tensile strength is 1650MPa, the elongation is 11.8 percent, and the impact toughness at minus 60 ℃ is 38J/cm 2 The residual stress was 150MPa and the unevenness was 4mm/m.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any person skilled in the art may make modifications or alterations to the above disclosed technical content to equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modification, equivalent variation and variation of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel is characterized in that a low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel plate is produced by combining specific component design with off-line heat treatment, the specific component design is that laterite nickel ore is adopted to replace nickel alloy to produce high-toughness wear-resistant steel, and the nickel content is controlled to be 0.50-2.00 wt%; and coiling and leveling the hot rolled steel plate, and performing off-line heat treatment, wherein the off-line heat treatment adopts rolling type constraint quenching and low-temperature tempering through hot air smoke circulation heating.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.10-0.15; ni:0.50-1.00; ti:0.01-0.02; mn:0.50-1.00; si:0.20-0.30; mo:0.20-0.30; n is less than or equal to 0.004; s is less than or equal to 0.003; p is less than or equal to 0.008; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.15-0.20; ni:1.00-1.50; ti:0.01-0.02; mn:0.50-1.00; si:0.20-0.30; mo:0.30-0.40; n is less than or equal to 0.004; s is less than or equal to 0.003; p is less than or equal to 0.008; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurity elements.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.20-0.25; ni:1.50-2.00; ti:0.02-0.03; mn:0.50-1.00; si:0.20-0.30; mo:0.40-0.50; n is less than or equal to 0.004; s is less than or equal to 0.003; p is less than or equal to 0.008; the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements, and proper amounts of Nb and V can be added, and the sum of Nb, V and Ti is less than 0.03%.
5. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the nickel content in the laterite-nickel ore is 0.8-1.5% by mass and the iron content is 30-50% by mass.
6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the hot rolled steel sheet is cooled to 550-650 ℃ and coiled, and air-cooled to room temperature after coiling.
7. The method of manufacturing a steel coil as claimed in claim 6, wherein the coiled steel coil is subjected to a flattening treatment, and the unevenness after flattening is controlled to be 6mm/m.
8. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the coiled steel coil after coiling is uncoiled, straightened, sheared to a fixed size and then subjected to off-line heat treatment, wherein the quenching temperature of the constraint quenching is 850-900 ℃ and the heating time coefficient is 1.7-2.1min/mm; the tempering temperature of the low-temperature tempering is 150-220 ℃, and the time coefficient of heat preservation is 4.5-6min/mm; wherein the time coefficient refers to the ratio of the required time to the thickness of the steel plate.
9. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the restraining quenching is carried out in a quenching cooling zone 1-2 in a restraining quenching stage 1 by adopting a hydraulic annular press roll, the upper press roll of the hydraulic annular press roll is adjustable, the working stroke range is 4 mm-6 mm, and the restraining force applied to the quenched steel plate is 30-70 kN; in the 2 nd stage, in the quenching cooling area 3-4, a hydraulic pressure flat press roller is adopted for constraint quenching, an upper press roller of the hydraulic pressure flat press roller is adjustable, the working stroke range is 3-7 mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 20-60 kN; in the 3 rd stage, in the quenching cooling 5 area to the quenching cooling 6 area, the common flat press roller is adopted for constraint quenching, the upper press roller of the common flat press roller is adjustable, the working stroke range of the upper press roller is 3mm to 7mm, and the constraint force applied to the quenched steel plate is 30-70 kN.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the deviation of the low-temperature tempering by the hot air flue gas circulation heating is within + -3 ℃.
CN202310048558.6A 2023-01-31 2023-01-31 Preparation method of low-stress high-toughness thin-specification wear-resistant steel Pending CN116103478A (en)

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