CN116102013B - Preparation method for preparing honeycomb activated carbon by using waste catalyst - Google Patents
Preparation method for preparing honeycomb activated carbon by using waste catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN116102013B CN116102013B CN202310390802.7A CN202310390802A CN116102013B CN 116102013 B CN116102013 B CN 116102013B CN 202310390802 A CN202310390802 A CN 202310390802A CN 116102013 B CN116102013 B CN 116102013B
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- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
- C01B32/324—Preparation characterised by the starting materials from waste materials, e.g. tyres or spent sulfite pulp liquor
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of active carbon preparation, and provides a preparation method for preparing honeycomb active carbon by using a waste catalyst. The invention adopts the waste catalyst generated in the petrochemical industry field as the raw material to prepare the honeycomb activated carbon, fully utilizes the complete framework, the porous structure and the active sites of the rich transition metals (vanadium, nickel) and rare earth metals (lanthanum and cerium) in the waste catalyst, effectively improves the adsorption and catalytic decomposition effects of the honeycomb activated carbon, and greatly improves the adsorption performance of the honeycomb activated carbon. In addition, the waste catalyst is used for replacing part of the powdery active carbon, so that the resource utilization of the waste catalyst is realized, the adsorption effect and the mechanical property of the honeycomb active carbon are improved, the cost is well reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of activated carbon preparation, in particular to a preparation method for preparing honeycomb activated carbon by using a waste catalyst.
Background
Because of the unique honeycomb structure, the honeycomb activated carbon has the advantages of high aperture ratio, uniform air flow distribution, large specific surface area, short air diffusion path, wear resistance, strong dust pollution resistance, good hydrodynamic property, low bed resistance, small pressure loss and the like in industrial gas phase application, and is widely applied to the fields of gas phase and liquid phase adsorption, decolorization, purification, separation, catalysis and the like.
The existing honeycomb activated carbon is prepared by taking powdery activated carbon as a raw material, and the problems are high cost and poor performance of the finally prepared honeycomb activated carbon.
On the other hand, in the process of refining crude oil in the petrochemical industry field, reactions such as catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, residual oil hydrogenation, catalytic reforming and the like are generally required, in the processes of the reactions, about 0.345kg of waste catalyst is generated in each ton of crude oil refining, and most of the waste catalyst which is not treated is regarded as dangerous waste, so that not only is the waste of resources caused, but a series of pollution problems are generated, and enterprises bear a very heavy economic burden.
According to analysis, the waste catalyst generated in the crude oil refining process keeps a complete framework and a porous structure, has stable physicochemical properties, and is rich in active sites of transition metals (vanadium, molybdenum) and rare earth metals (lanthanum and cerium), so according to the characteristics of the waste catalyst, the waste catalyst and the powdered activated carbon are considered to be kneaded together as raw materials for preparing the honeycomb activated carbon to prepare the brand-new honeycomb activated carbon, the preparation cost of the honeycomb activated carbon is reduced and the performance of the honeycomb activated carbon is improved on the basis of realizing the complete recycling of the waste catalyst.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method for preparing honeycomb activated carbon by using a waste catalyst, which reduces the preparation cost of the honeycomb activated carbon and improves the performance of the honeycomb activated carbon on the basis of realizing the complete recycling of the waste catalyst by taking the waste catalyst and the powdered activated carbon as raw materials for preparing the honeycomb activated carbon.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method for preparing honeycomb activated carbon by using a waste catalyst comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreating a waste catalyst; wherein, the waste catalyst can be, but is not limited to, waste catalyst produced after reactions such as catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, residual oil hydrogenation, catalytic reforming and the like in the petrochemical industry field;
s2, adding powdered activated carbon and active components into the pretreated waste catalyst in the step S1, and mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s3, adding an adhesive, a lubricant and water into the mixed material obtained in the step S2, mixing and kneading, and then sending into a pugging machine for pugging to obtain coal slime;
step S4, adding the coal slime obtained in the step S3 into an extrusion molding device for extrusion molding to obtain a wet honeycomb body;
and S5, drying the wet honeycomb body obtained in the step S4, and performing high-temperature activation treatment on the dried honeycomb body, and cooling after the high-temperature activation treatment to obtain the honeycomb activated carbon.
In some possible embodiments, in step S1, the pretreatment method of the spent catalyst is one or more of water washing, acid washing, alkali washing, sieving, magnetic separation.
In some possible embodiments, in step S2, the mass ratio of spent catalyst to powdered activated carbon is 1:9-9:1, the active component is a metal oxide, such as V 2 O 5 、MoO 2 Or TiO 2 。
In some possible embodiments, in step S3, the combined mass of binder, lubricant and water is 1% -10% of the total mass.
In some possible embodiments, the binder is one or more of coal tar, phenolic resin, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral; the lubricant is one or more of glycerol, paraffin, vegetable oil, polyacrylamide, talcum powder and stearic acid.
In some possible embodiments, in step S5, the wet honeycomb body is dried by one or more of natural drying, infrared drying, microwave drying, hot air drying, and heat drying.
In some possible embodiments, in step S5, the activation temperature at the time of the high-temperature activation treatment is 500-2000 ℃, the activation time is 1-20 hours, and the activation medium is steam, air or CO 2 。
In some possible embodiments, in step S4, the extrusion molding apparatus includes an extrusion molding machine, a conveying mechanism, and a cutting mechanism; the extrusion molding machine is used for extruding the coal slime into wet honeycomb bodies at a certain extrusion molding speed, the conveying mechanism is arranged at the output end of the extrusion molding machine and is used for conveying the honeycomb bodies, and the conveying speed of the conveying mechanism when conveying the wet honeycomb bodies is equal to the extrusion molding speed of the extrusion molding machine; the cutting mechanism is arranged between the extrusion molding machine and the conveying mechanism and comprises a cutting steel wire, the cutting steel wire is used for cutting the wet honeycomb body along a cutting path at a certain cutting speed, and the cutting path of the cutting steel wire and the movement path of the honeycomb body form an included angle; wherein, the included angle between the cutting path of the cutting steel wire and the moving path of the honeycomb body is defined as theta, and the cutting speed of the cutting steel wire is defined as V 1 The movement speed of the honeycomb body is V 2 The following steps are: v (V) 2 /V 1 =cosθ。
In some possible embodiments, the cutting mechanism further comprises a driving assembly, the driving assembly comprises a frame body, two driving units and a driving part, the output end of the extrusion molding machine is aligned with the interior of the frame body, the cutting steel wire is vertically arranged in the frame body, and the two driving units are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cutting steel wire; the driving unit comprises a sliding seat, a screw rod and an auxiliary bevel gear, the sliding seat is in sliding connection with the frame body, the upper end and the lower end of the cutting steel wire are respectively connected with the sliding seats of the two driving units, one end of the screw rod is in rotary connection with the frame body, the other end of the screw rod extends along the cutting path of the cutting steel wire and sequentially penetrates through one side of the sliding seat and one side of the frame body and then is in transmission connection with the auxiliary bevel gear, and the screw rod is in threaded connection with the sliding seat; the driving part comprises a driving motor, a driving shaft and two main bevel gears, wherein the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the frame body, the driving shaft is vertically arranged on one side of the frame body in a free rotation manner, one end of the driving shaft is in transmission connection with the output end of the driving motor, the two main bevel gears are sleeved on the driving shaft and correspond to the auxiliary bevel gears one by one, and the main bevel gears are meshed with the auxiliary bevel gears.
In some possible embodiments, the cutting mechanism further comprises a bracket and a rotating assembly, the bracket is shaped like a door and is arranged at the output end of the extrusion molding machine, and the frame body is arranged inside the bracket; the rotating assembly comprises a rotating motor and a rotating shaft, the rotating motor is arranged at the top of the support, one end of the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the output end of the rotating motor, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected with the top center of the frame body.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts the waste catalyst generated in the petrochemical industry field as the raw material to prepare the honeycomb activated carbon, fully utilizes the complete framework, the porous structure and the active sites of the rich transition metals (vanadium, nickel) and rare earth metals (lanthanum and cerium) in the waste catalyst, effectively improves the adsorption and catalytic decomposition effects of the honeycomb activated carbon, and greatly improves the adsorption performance of the honeycomb activated carbon. In addition, the waste catalyst is used for replacing part of the powdery active carbon, so that the resource utilization of the waste catalyst is realized, the adsorption effect and the mechanical property of the honeycomb active carbon are improved, the cost is well reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
2. According to the extrusion molding device, the improved cutting mechanism is additionally arranged at the output end of the extrusion molding machine, so that the extruded honeycomb body can be cut under the condition that the extrusion molding machine is not stopped, the cut surface of the cut honeycomb body can be smooth, the processing efficiency of the extrusion molding of the honeycomb body is not influenced, the quality of the cut honeycomb body is ensured to be good, and the quality of the finally prepared honeycomb activated carbon is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of the honeycomb activated carbon prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an extrusion molding apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cutting mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cutter wire and the driving assembly according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cutting wire according to example 1 of the present invention on one side of a honeycomb body;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cutting wire according to example 1 of the present invention on the other side of the honeycomb body;
fig. 7 is an SEM image of the honeycomb activated carbon prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
Icon: 10-extrusion molding machine, 11-extrusion molding cylinder, 12-molding die, 13-extrusion molding part, 14-feeding bin, 20-conveying mechanism, 30-cutting mechanism, 31-cutting wire, 32-frame, 33-driving unit, 331-slide, 332-screw, 333-auxiliary bevel gear, 34-driving part, 341-driving motor, 342-driving shaft, 343-main bevel gear, 35-bracket, 36-rotating motor, 37-rotating shaft, 40-baffle plate, 100-honeycomb body.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In one aspect, the present embodiment provides a method for preparing honeycomb activated carbon using a spent catalyst, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, pretreating a waste catalyst; the method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of carrying out catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, residual oil hydrogenation, catalytic reforming and other reactions on the waste catalyst in the petrochemical field, wherein the pretreatment mode of the waste catalyst is magnetic separation, and the magnetic separation is a conventional waste catalyst treatment technology in the petrochemical field, namely, the waste catalyst is screened into a low-magnetic agent and a high-magnetic agent through a magnetic separation technology, wherein the low-magnetic agent can be directly recycled, the high-magnetic agent cannot be recycled, the high-magnetic agent has a complete framework and a porous structure, physical and chemical properties are stable, and active sites of transition metals (vanadium, molybdenum) and rare earth metals (lanthanum and cerium) are enriched, so that the high-magnetic agent obtained after magnetic separation is used as a raw material to prepare the honeycomb activated carbon in the embodiment, namely, the waste catalyst is the high-magnetic agent separated through magnetic separation under the condition that no special description is provided in the embodiment.
S2, adding powdered activated carbon and a proper amount of active components into the pretreated waste catalyst in the step S1, and mixing to obtain a mixed material; wherein the mass ratio of the waste catalyst to the powdered activated carbon is 3:4, the mass of the active component accounts for 8% of the total mass, and the active component is V 2 O 5 、MoO 2 Or TiO 2 。
Step S3, adding coal tar, glycerol and water into the mixed material obtained in the step S2, mixing and kneading, and then sending into a pugging machine for pugging to obtain coal slime; wherein, the mixing mass of coal tar, glycerol and water accounts for 2 percent of the total mass.
Step S4, adding the coal slime obtained in the step S3 into an extrusion molding device for extrusion molding to obtain the wet honeycomb body 100.
And S5, drying the wet honeycomb body 100 obtained in the step S4, naturally drying the wet honeycomb body, and performing infrared drying after the naturally drying to ensure that the honeycomb body 100 is sufficiently dried, performing high-temperature activation treatment on the dried honeycomb body 100, wherein the activation temperature during high-temperature activation is 800 ℃, the activation time is 2 hours, the activation medium is water vapor, and cooling the honeycomb body after the high-temperature activation treatment to obtain the honeycomb activated carbon.
As can be seen from the SEM image of the honeycomb activated carbon shown in fig. 1, the honeycomb activated carbon prepared by using the waste catalyst provided in this embodiment has a more porous structure, a loose structure of activated carbon, and a density 3% -6% lower than that of the conventional common honeycomb activated carbon prepared without using the waste catalyst, and the honeycomb activated carbon prepared in this embodiment has a duration of 3% -5% longer than that of the conventional common honeycomb activated carbon when the honeycomb activated carbon is put into water. Namely, compared with the honeycomb activated carbon prepared by the prior art without adopting the waste catalyst, the adsorption performance of the honeycomb activated carbon prepared by the waste catalyst in the embodiment is slightly better than that of the common honeycomb activated carbon.
On the other hand, considering that the existing extrusion molding equipment for preparing the honeycomb activated carbon does not have a cutting function, the wet honeycomb body 100 needs to be cut to a preset size in time after extrusion molding so as to avoid the problem that the honeycomb body 100 is difficult to cut after solidification phenomenon occurs, the conventional mode is that the extrusion molding honeycomb body 100 is conveyed to a separate cutting equipment for cutting before drying, and the extrusion molding equipment is usually required to be stopped in the cutting process, because the extrusion molding equipment is in a moving state all the time in the continuous working process, if the extrusion molding equipment is used for cutting the honeycomb body 100 in the continuous working process, the flatness of the cut surface of the cut honeycomb body 100 cannot be ensured, so that the quality of the finally prepared honeycomb activated carbon is influenced, and if the extrusion molding equipment is stopped for cutting, the extrusion molding efficiency of the honeycomb body 100 is influenced, so that the efficiency of finally preparing the honeycomb activated carbon is influenced.
For this reason, referring to fig. 2 to 6, the present embodiment also provides an extrusion molding apparatus for performing the above-described step S4 in the preparation method of the honeycomb activated carbon using the spent catalyst, so as to achieve cutting of the honeycomb body 100 to a predetermined size without stopping the machine when extruding the coal slurry into the wet honeycomb body 100.
Specifically, the extrusion molding apparatus employed in step S4 includes the extrusion molding machine 10, the conveying mechanism 20, and the cutting mechanism 30.
In this embodiment, the extrusion molding machine 10 is used for extruding coal slurry into a wet honeycomb body 100 at a certain extrusion molding speed, the extrusion molding machine 10 is a horizontal extrusion molding machine, specifically, in combination with what is shown in fig. 2, the extrusion molding machine 10 includes an extrusion molding cylinder 11, a molding die 12 and an extrusion molding component 13, wherein the extrusion molding cylinder 11 is horizontally disposed and is internally used as an extrusion molding cavity, the molding die 12 is disposed at one end of the extrusion molding cylinder 11, one end of the molding die 12 is disposed as an output end of the extrusion molding machine 10, a feeding bin 14 is further disposed at the top of one side of the extrusion molding cylinder 11 away from the molding die 12, and the output end of the extrusion molding component 13 is disposed inside the extrusion molding cylinder 11 so as to extrude the coal slurry inside the extrusion molding cylinder 11 towards the direction of the molding die 12 through the extrusion molding component 13, and the extrusion molding component 13 may be, but is not limited to, composed of an extrusion conveying auger disposed inside the extrusion molding cylinder 11 and an extrusion molding motor for driving the extrusion conveying auger to rotate in the extrusion molding cylinder 11 so as to convey the coal slurry towards the direction of the molding die 12.
Specifically, during actual preparation, the coal slime obtained in step S3 is added into the extrusion molding cavity inside the extrusion molding cylinder 11 through the charging bin 14, after the addition of the coal slime is completed, the coal slime in the extrusion molding cylinder 11 is extruded toward the direction of the molding die 12 by the extrusion molding component 13, at this time, the coal slime can be changed into the honeycomb body 100 under the action of the molding die 12, and the honeycomb body 100 can move toward the direction of the conveying mechanism 20 at a certain speed (i.e., the extrusion molding speed of the extrusion molding machine 10).
In the present embodiment, in combination with what is shown in fig. 2, the conveying mechanism 20 is provided at the output end of the extrusion molding machine 10 to receive and further convey the honeycomb body 100 extruded by the extrusion molding machine 10 through the conveying mechanism 20, it is understood that the conveying mechanism 20 may be, but is not limited to, a belt conveyor, and that the conveying speed at which the conveying mechanism 20 conveys the honeycomb body 100 is equal to the extrusion molding speed of the extrusion molding machine 10 (i.e., the movement speed of the honeycomb body 100) in order to facilitate cutting of the honeycomb body 100 by the cutting mechanism 30.
Meanwhile, in order to prevent the honeycomb body 100 moving on the conveyor mechanism 20 from being deviated to improve the stability of the honeycomb body 100 when the cutter mechanism 30 cuts the honeycomb body 100, with continued reference to fig. 2, two baffles 40 may be provided at both sides of the conveyor mechanism 20 along the moving direction of the honeycomb body 100, and when the honeycomb body 100 moves onto the conveyor mechanism 20, the side walls at both sides of the honeycomb body 100 are respectively contacted with the inner side walls of the two baffles 40 to restrict the moving path of the honeycomb body 100 by the two baffles 40.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the cutting mechanism 30 is provided between the output end of the extrusion molding machine 10 and the conveying mechanism 20 to cut the honeycomb body 100 extruded and continuously moving by the extrusion molding machine 10 by the cutting mechanism 30, thereby achieving cutting of the continuously moving honeycomb body 100 without stopping the machine and ensuring that the cut surface of the cut honeycomb body 100 is flat.
Specifically, in conjunction with what is shown in fig. 3 and 4, the cutting mechanism 30 includes a cutting wire 31, where the cutting wire 31 is used to cut the honeycomb body 100 extruded by the extrusion molding machine 10 along a cutting path at a certain cutting speed, and the cutting path of the cutting wire 31 is set at an included angle with the moving path of the honeycomb body 100, and preferably, in this embodiment, the cutting wire 31 is vertically set at a side of the honeycomb body 100 to be cut, and just before cutting, the cutting wire 31 is in contact with a side wall of the honeycomb body 100, and the cutting wire 31 is always in a tensioned state during cutting, so that the honeycomb body 100 can be cut in a linear cutting manner by using the cutting wire 31 as a cutting member, thereby reducing as much as possible the irreversible damage of the cutting member to the honeycomb body 100 when the honeycomb body 100 continuously moves is cut.
In order to flatten the cut surface of the cut honeycomb body 100, in the present embodiment, in combination with what is shown in fig. 5 and 6, an angle θ between the cutting path of the cutter wire 31 and the moving path of the honeycomb body 100 is defined, and the cutting speed of the cutter wire 31 is V 1 The movement speed of the honeycomb body 100 is V 2 The following steps are: v (V) 2 /V 1 =cosθ。
It should be noted that, in order to reduce the resistance to the cutter wires 31 when cutting the honeycomb body 100 and to reduce the cutting stroke of the cutter wires 31 as much as possible so that the cutter wires 31 can cut the honeycomb body 100 more smoothly, the angle θ between the cutting path of the cutter wires 31 and the moving path of the honeycomb body 100 is preferably 60 to 85 °. Meanwhile, assuming that the moving direction of the honeycomb body 100 is a horizontal direction when the conveying mechanism 20 conveys the honeycomb body 100, in actual implementation, the direction of the dividing speed of the cutting speed of the cutter wire 31 in the horizontal direction should be the same as the moving direction of the honeycomb body 100, so that the cut surface of the honeycomb body 100 cut by the cutter wire 31 is ensured to be flat.
So arranged, based on the cutting speed V of the cutter wire 31 1 Velocity V of movement of honeycomb body 100 2 Satisfy V 2 /V 1 In the actual cutting process, the cutting speed V of the cutter wire 31 1 The separation speed in the movement direction of the honeycomb body 100 and the movement speed V of the honeycomb body 100 2 At this time, the cutting wires 31 vertically cut the honeycomb body 100 with respect to the continuously moving honeycomb body 100, so that the cut surface of the honeycomb body 100 is a plane instead of an inclined surface after cutting, to ensure that the cut surface of the honeycomb body 100 after cutting is flat, and to ensure that the quality of the cut honeycomb body 100 is good while not affecting the processing efficiency when the honeycomb body 100 is extrusion molded.
It will be appreciated that in order to enable the cutter wires 31 to cut the honeycomb body 100 along the cutting path at a cutting speed, as shown in connection with fig. 3 and 4, the cutting mechanism 30 further comprises a drive assembly for driving the cutter wires 31 in motion, wherein the drive assembly comprises a frame 32, two drive units 33 and a drive member 34.
Specifically, the frame 32 is disposed at the output end of the extrusion molding machine 10, and the inside of the frame 32 is aligned with the output end of the extrusion molding machine 10, so that the honeycomb body 100 extruded from the extrusion molding machine 10 can pass through the frame 32 to reach the conveying mechanism 20, at this time, the cutter wire 31 is vertically disposed inside the frame 32, and the two driving units 33 are symmetrically disposed at the upper and lower ends of the cutter wire 31, so that the cutter wire 31 can move along the cutting path at a certain cutting speed under the combined action of the two driving units 33.
In connection with the contents shown in fig. 4, the driving unit 33 includes a slide 331, a screw 332, and a sub bevel gear 333, the slide 331 is slidably connected with the frame 32, specifically, the slide 331 of the driving unit 33 located at the upper end of the cutter wire 31 is slidably connected with the inner top of the frame 32, the slide 331 of the driving unit 33 located at the lower end of the cutter wire 31 is slidably connected with the inner bottom of the frame 32, at this time, the upper and lower ends of the cutter wire 31 are respectively connected with the slides 331 of the two driving units 33, and the cutter wire 31 is always in a tensioned state during the cutting process. Next, one end of the screw 332 is rotatably connected to the frame 32, and the other end of the screw 332 extends along the cutting path of the cutter wire 31 and sequentially penetrates through one side of the slide 331 and the frame 32 to be in driving connection with the sub bevel gear 333, that is, the screw 332 of the two driving units 33 is parallel to the cutting path of the cutter wire 31, and the sub bevel gear 333 can coaxially rotate with the screw 332, at this time, the screw 332 is in threaded connection with the slide 331, so that the slide 331 can linearly move in the axial direction of the screw 332 when the screw 332 rotates.
The driving component 34 is used for driving the screw rods 332 of the two driving units 33 to rotate synchronously, specifically, in combination with the content shown in fig. 4, the driving component 34 includes a driving motor 341, a driving shaft 342 and two main bevel gears 343, the driving motor 341 is fixedly disposed at the top of the frame 32, the driving shaft 342 is rotatably disposed at one side of the frame 32, one end of the driving shaft 342 is in transmission connection with the output end of the driving motor 341, so as to drive the driving shaft 342 to rotate through the driving motor 341, the two main bevel gears 343 are all sleeved on the driving shaft 342, so that the two main bevel gears 343 can rotate coaxially with the driving shaft 342, the two main bevel gears 343 correspond to the auxiliary bevel gears 333 one by one, and the main bevel gears 343 are meshed with the auxiliary bevel gears 333.
In this way, assuming that the cutting wire 31 and the sliding seat 331 of the two driving units 33 are located at the sides of the honeycomb body 100 to be cut in the initial state, when the honeycomb body 100 needs to be cut, the driving motor 341 drives the driving shaft 342 to rotate, at this time, the driving shaft 342 drives the two main bevel gears 343 to synchronously rotate, in the process, the two main bevel gears 343 respectively drive the auxiliary bevel gears 333 of the two driving units 33 to rotate, and further, the screw rod 332 driving the two driving units 33 synchronously rotates, at this time, the sliding seat 331 of the two driving units 33 synchronously moves along the axial direction of the screw rod 332, so that the honeycomb body 100 which continuously moves along the cutting path by utilizing the sliding seat 331 of the two driving units 33 to drive the cutting wire 31 at a certain cutting speed is realized, and the cutting speed of the cutting wire 31 can be controlled more accurately by adopting the linear movement mechanism consisting of the screw rod 332 and the sliding seat 331 based on the movement speed of the two driving units 33 is in direct proportion to the rotation speed of the driving motor 341 when the driving shaft 342 is driven by the driving motor 341.
In practical implementation, the transmission manner between the driving motor 341 and the screw 332 of the two driving units 33 may be replaced by a belt transmission, a chain transmission or a gear transmission, which is not particularly limited herein.
On this basis, considering that when the cutting wire 31 moves from one side of the honeycomb body 100 to the other side of the honeycomb body 100 after finishing one cutting operation, if the position of the cutting wire 31 is not adjusted, the cutting wire 31 returns the original path to the cut honeycomb body 100 when the next cutting operation is performed, at this time, the direction of the dividing speed of the cutting wire 31 in the horizontal direction is opposite to the moving direction of the honeycomb body 100, that is, the cut surface of the cut honeycomb body 100 cannot be guaranteed to be flat, therefore, the embodiment further improves the cutting mechanism 30 so that the cutting wire 31 can cut the honeycomb body 100 back and forth, and guarantees that the cut surface of the cut honeycomb body 100 is flat while improving the cutting efficiency, specifically, in combination with what is shown in fig. 3, the cutting mechanism 30 further comprises a bracket 35 and a rotating assembly, the bracket 35 is shaped like a door and is disposed at the output end of the extrusion molding machine 10, at this time, the output end of the extrusion molding machine 10 is right opposite to the middle hollow area of the bracket 35, and the frame 32 is disposed inside the bracket 35. The rotating assembly is used for driving the frame body 32 to rotate, so that the position of the cutting steel wire 31 is adjusted.
The rotating assembly includes a rotating motor 36 and a rotating shaft 37, the rotating motor 36 is disposed at the top of the bracket 35, one end of the rotating shaft 37 is in transmission connection with the output end of the rotating motor 36, so that the rotating shaft 37 is driven by the rotating motor 36 to rotate, the other end of the rotating shaft 37 is connected with the top center of the frame 32, so that the frame 32 is driven by the rotating shaft 37 to rotate, and in practical implementation, the top center of the frame 32 is aligned with the center line of the honeycomb body 100 to be cut, so that the frame 32 can rotate around a certain point in the center line of the honeycomb body 100.
So arranged, the cutter wire 31 is located at one side of the honeycomb body 100 in the initial state, the relative positional relationship between the cutter wire 31 and the honeycomb body 100 is shown in fig. 5, when the cutter wire 31 completes one cutting operation, the cutter wire 31 moves from one side of the honeycomb body 100 to the other side of the honeycomb body 100, the rotary motor 36 drives the rotary shaft 37 to rotate by a certain angle beta before the next cutting operation, wherein beta=180-2θ, the rotary shaft 37 drives the frame 32 and the cutter wire 31 to synchronously rotate by a certain angle beta beside the honeycomb body 100, the relative positional relationship between the cutter wire 31 and the honeycomb body 100 is shown in fig. 6, for example, assuming that the angle θ between the cutting path of the cutter wire 31 and the moving path of the honeycomb body 100 in the initial state is 60 °, the rotating motor 36 drives the rotating shaft 37 to rotate 60 degrees after the completion of the primary cutting, so that the cutting path of the cutting wire 31 at this time is in a mirror symmetry state with the cutting path of the last cutting operation, and thus the direction of the dividing speed of the cutting wire 31 in the horizontal direction is the same as the moving direction of the honeycomb body 100 when the next cutting operation is performed, so that the cutting wire 31 can vertically cut the honeycomb body 100 again relative to the continuously moving honeycomb body 100, the cutting surface of the cut honeycomb body 100 can be ensured to be flat when the honeycomb body 100 is cut back and forth by using the cutting wire 31, the lengths of the cut honeycomb bodies 100 in the two cutting operations are equal, and the batch cutting of honeycomb bodies 100 with consistent lengths is facilitated.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method for preparing honeycomb activated carbon by using a waste catalyst, which comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreating a waste catalyst; the method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of carrying out catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, residual oil hydrogenation, catalytic reforming and other reactions on the waste catalyst in the petrochemical field, wherein the pretreatment mode of the waste catalyst is magnetic separation, and the magnetic separation is a conventional waste catalyst treatment technology in the petrochemical field, namely, the waste catalyst is screened into a low-magnetic agent and a high-magnetic agent through a magnetic separation technology, wherein the low-magnetic agent can be directly recycled, the high-magnetic agent cannot be recycled, the high-magnetic agent has a complete framework and a porous structure, physical and chemical properties are stable, and active sites of transition metals (vanadium, molybdenum) and rare earth metals (lanthanum and cerium) are enriched, so that the high-magnetic agent obtained after magnetic separation is used as a raw material to prepare the honeycomb activated carbon in the embodiment, namely, the waste catalyst is the high-magnetic agent separated through magnetic separation under the condition that no special description is provided in the embodiment.
S2, adding powdered activated carbon and a proper amount of active components into the pretreated waste catalyst in the step S1, and mixing to obtain a mixed material; wherein the mass ratio of the waste catalyst to the powdered activated carbon is 1:2, the mass of the active component accounts for 9% of the total mass, and the active component is V 2 O 5 、MoO 2 Or TiO 2 。
Step S3, adding phenolic resin, paraffin and water into the mixed material obtained in the step S2, mixing and kneading, and then sending into a pugging machine for pugging to obtain coal slime; wherein, the mixing mass of the phenolic resin, the paraffin and the water accounts for 8 percent of the total mass.
Step S4, adding the coal slime obtained in the step S3 into an extrusion molding device for extrusion molding to obtain a wet honeycomb body 100; the extrusion molding device used in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.
And S5, naturally drying the wet honeycomb body 100 obtained in the step S4, performing high-temperature activation treatment on the naturally dried honeycomb body 100, wherein the activation temperature during high-temperature activation is 1200 ℃, the activation time is 6 hours, the activation medium is water vapor, and cooling after the high-temperature activation treatment to obtain the honeycomb activated carbon.
As can be seen from the SEM image of the honeycomb activated carbon shown in fig. 7, the honeycomb activated carbon prepared by using the waste catalyst provided in this embodiment has a large number of pore structures, the activated carbon has a loose structure, and the honeycomb activated carbon prepared in this embodiment is 2% -5% lighter than the conventional common honeycomb activated carbon by weight under the same volume after weighing. Under the condition of the same weight, the volume of the honeycomb activated carbon prepared by the embodiment is slightly larger than that of the existing common honeycomb activated carbon.
Through decolorization capability detection, two transparent cups are taken, purified water is put into one cup, two drops of red ink are dripped into the other cup after stirring, and half of colored water is poured into the other cup for comparison. The honeycomb activated carbon prepared by using the waste catalyst in the embodiment is weighed with the same mass as the existing common honeycomb activated carbon, and is respectively put into a cup with colored water, and is kept stand for 15 to 20 minutes for water sample comparison, so that the decoloring effect of the honeycomb activated carbon prepared by using the waste catalyst in the embodiment is consistent with that of the common honeycomb activated carbon.
Namely, compared with the common honeycomb activated carbon prepared by the prior art without adopting the waste catalyst, the adsorption performance of the honeycomb activated carbon prepared by the waste catalyst in the embodiment is equal to or slightly better than that of the common honeycomb activated carbon.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method for preparing honeycomb activated carbon by using a waste catalyst, which comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreating a waste catalyst; the method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of carrying out catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, residual oil hydrogenation, catalytic reforming and other reactions on the waste catalyst in the petrochemical field, wherein the pretreatment mode of the waste catalyst is magnetic separation, and the magnetic separation is a conventional waste catalyst treatment technology in the petrochemical field, namely, the waste catalyst is screened into a low-magnetic agent and a high-magnetic agent through a magnetic separation technology, wherein the low-magnetic agent can be directly recycled, the high-magnetic agent cannot be recycled, the high-magnetic agent has a complete framework and a porous structure, physical and chemical properties are stable, and active sites of transition metals (vanadium, molybdenum) and rare earth metals (lanthanum and cerium) are enriched, so that the high-magnetic agent obtained after magnetic separation is used as a raw material to prepare the honeycomb activated carbon in the embodiment, namely, the waste catalyst is the high-magnetic agent separated through magnetic separation under the condition that no special description is provided in the embodiment.
S2, adding powdered activated carbon and a proper amount of active components into the pretreated waste catalyst in the step S1, and mixing to obtain a mixed material; wherein the mass ratio of the waste catalyst to the powdered activated carbon is 1:1, the mass of the active component accounts for 7% of the total mass, and the active component is V 2 O 5 、MoO 2 Or TiO 2 。
Step S3, adding carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide and water into the mixed material obtained in the step S2, mixing and kneading, and then sending into a pugging machine for pugging to obtain coal slime; wherein, the mixing mass of the carboxymethyl cellulose, the polyacrylamide and the water accounts for 5 percent of the total mass.
Step S4, adding the coal slime obtained in the step S3 into an extrusion molding device for extrusion molding to obtain a wet honeycomb body 100; the extrusion molding device used in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.
And S5, naturally drying the wet honeycomb body 100 obtained in the step S4, performing high-temperature activation treatment on the naturally dried honeycomb body 100, wherein the activation temperature during high-temperature activation is 1400 ℃, the activation time is 3 hours, the activation medium is water vapor, and cooling after the high-temperature activation treatment to obtain the honeycomb activated carbon.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method for preparing honeycomb activated carbon by using a waste catalyst, which comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreating a waste catalyst; the method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of carrying out catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, residual oil hydrogenation, catalytic reforming and other reactions on the waste catalyst in the petrochemical field, wherein the pretreatment mode of the waste catalyst is magnetic separation, and the magnetic separation is a conventional waste catalyst treatment technology in the petrochemical field, namely, the waste catalyst is screened into a low-magnetic agent and a high-magnetic agent through a magnetic separation technology, wherein the low-magnetic agent can be directly recycled, the high-magnetic agent cannot be recycled, the high-magnetic agent has a complete framework and a porous structure, physical and chemical properties are stable, and active sites of transition metals (vanadium, molybdenum) and rare earth metals (lanthanum and cerium) are enriched, so that the high-magnetic agent obtained after magnetic separation is used as a raw material to prepare the honeycomb activated carbon in the embodiment, namely, the waste catalyst is the high-magnetic agent separated through magnetic separation under the condition that no special description is provided in the embodiment.
S2, adding powdered activated carbon and a proper amount of active components into the pretreated waste catalyst in the step S1, and mixing to obtain a mixed material; wherein the mass ratio of the waste catalyst to the powdered activated carbon is 1:2, the mass of the active component accounts for 9% of the total mass, and the active component is V 2 O 5 、MoO 2 Or TiO 2 。
Step S3, adding polyvinyl alcohol, stearic acid and water into the mixed material obtained in the step S2, mixing and kneading, and then sending into a pugging machine for pugging to obtain coal slime; wherein, the mixing mass of the polyvinyl alcohol, the stearic acid and the water accounts for 6 percent of the total mass.
Step S4, adding the coal slime obtained in the step S3 into an extrusion molding device for extrusion molding to obtain a wet honeycomb body 100; the extrusion molding device used in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.
And S5, naturally drying the wet honeycomb body 100 obtained in the step S4, performing high-temperature activation treatment on the naturally dried honeycomb body 100, wherein the activation temperature during high-temperature activation is 800 ℃, the activation time is 10 hours, the activation medium is water vapor, and cooling after the high-temperature activation treatment to obtain the honeycomb activated carbon.
The test results of the iodine value and specific surface area of the honeycomb activated carbon obtained in example 1, example 2, example 3 and example 4 are shown in table 1.
Table 1 iodine value and specific surface area test results table of honeycomb activated carbon
As can be seen from the combination of Table 1, the preparation method provided by the invention can be used for preparing the honeycomb activated carbon by using the waste catalyst, the iodine value of the honeycomb activated carbon is above 600mg/kg, and the requirements of industry standards of the honeycomb activated carbon on the iodine value of the honeycomb activated carbon not lower than 600mg/kg are met.
In terms of specific surface area, the honeycomb activated carbon prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention and by using the waste catalyst has the specific surface area of 600m 2 Above/g, the average value of the specific surface area of the activated carbon is 600m better than that of the common honeycomb activated carbon 2 /g。
The honeycomb activated carbon obtained in example 1, example 2, example 3 and example 4 was subjected to a mechanical strength test, and the test results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 mechanical strength test results table for honeycomb activated carbon
The prior common honeycomb activated carbon has the following mechanical strength values:
1. compressive strength, axial strength of 2 to 3MPa; radial strength of 0.5 to 1 MPa;
2. the abrasion rate is 0.15 to 0.3 percent at the windward end; the non-windward end is 0.1 to 0.2%.
In terms of mechanical strength, as can be seen from the combination of table 2, the honeycomb activated carbon prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention and using the waste catalyst has the performance equivalent to that of the conventional common honeycomb activated carbon in terms of compressive strength and wear rate.
That is, the mechanical strength of the honeycomb activated carbon prepared by the waste catalyst in the embodiment is equivalent to that of the conventional common honeycomb activated carbon.
In summary, the performance of the honeycomb activated carbon prepared by using the waste catalyst in the embodiment is equal to or slightly better than that of the conventional common honeycomb activated carbon in the aspects of adsorption performance, mechanical strength and the like.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method for preparing the honeycomb activated carbon by using the waste catalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, pretreating a waste catalyst; the pretreatment method of the waste catalyst is magnetic separation, and the high magnetic agent separated by the magnetic separation is used as a raw material for preparing honeycomb activated carbon;
s2, adding powdered activated carbon and active components into the pretreated waste catalyst in the step S1, and mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s3, adding an adhesive, a lubricant and water into the mixed material obtained in the step S2, mixing and kneading, and then sending into a pugging machine for pugging to obtain coal slime;
step S4, adding the coal slime obtained in the step S3 into an extrusion molding device for extrusion molding to obtain a wet honeycomb body;
s5, drying the wet honeycomb body obtained in the step S4, performing high-temperature activation treatment on the dried honeycomb body, and cooling after the high-temperature activation treatment to obtain the honeycomb activated carbon;
in step S4, the extrusion molding apparatus includes an extrusion molding machine, a conveying mechanism, and a cutting mechanism;
the extrusion molding machine is used for extruding the coal slime into wet honeycomb bodies, the conveying mechanism is arranged at the output end of the extrusion molding machine and is used for conveying the honeycomb bodies, and the conveying speed of the conveying mechanism when conveying the wet honeycomb bodies is equal to the extrusion molding speed of the extrusion molding machine;
the cutting mechanism is arranged between the extrusion molding machine and the conveying mechanism and comprises a cutting steel wire, the cutting steel wire is used for cutting the wet honeycomb body along a cutting path, and the cutting path of the cutting steel wire and the movement path of the honeycomb body form an included angle;
wherein, a cutting steel wire is definedAn included angle between the cutting path of the cutting wire and the moving path of the honeycomb body is theta, and the cutting speed of the cutting wire is V 1 The movement speed of the honeycomb body is V 2 The following steps are: v (V) 2 /V 1 =cosθ；
The cutting mechanism further comprises a driving assembly, the driving assembly comprises a frame body, two driving units and a driving part, the output end of the extrusion molding machine is aligned with the interior of the frame body, the cutting steel wire is vertically arranged in the frame body, and the two driving units are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cutting steel wire;
the driving unit comprises a sliding seat, a screw rod and an auxiliary bevel gear, the sliding seat is in sliding connection with the frame body, the upper end and the lower end of the cutting steel wire are respectively connected with the sliding seats of the two driving units, one end of the screw rod is in rotary connection with the frame body, the other end of the screw rod extends along the cutting path of the cutting steel wire and sequentially penetrates through one side of the sliding seat and one side of the frame body and then is in transmission connection with the auxiliary bevel gear, and the screw rod is in threaded connection with the sliding seat;
the driving part comprises a driving motor, a driving shaft and two main bevel gears, the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the frame body, the driving shaft is vertically arranged on one side of the frame body in a free rotation manner, one end of the driving shaft is in transmission connection with the output end of the driving motor, the two main bevel gears are sleeved on the driving shaft and correspond to the auxiliary bevel gears one by one, and the main bevel gears are meshed with the auxiliary bevel gears;
the cutting mechanism also comprises a bracket and a rotating assembly, the bracket is shaped like a door and is arranged at the output end of the extrusion molding machine, and the frame body is arranged in the bracket;
the rotating assembly comprises a rotating motor and a rotating shaft, the rotating motor is arranged at the top of the bracket, one end of the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the output end of the rotating motor, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected with the top center of the frame body;
when the cutting wire completes one cutting operation, the rotating motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate by an angle beta, beta=180-2 theta, so that the frame body and the cutting wire are driven by the rotating shaft to synchronously rotate by the angle beta beside the honeycomb body.
2. The method for preparing activated carbon from waste catalyst according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the mass ratio of the waste catalyst to the powdered activated carbon is 1:9-9:1, and the active component is metal oxide.
3. The method for preparing activated carbon for honeycomb using a spent catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the mixed mass of binder, lubricant and water is 1% -10% of the total mass in step S3.
4. The method for preparing the honeycomb activated carbon by using the waste catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the binder is one or more of coal tar, phenolic resin, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl butyral; the lubricant is one or more of glycerol, paraffin, vegetable oil, polyacrylamide, talcum powder and stearic acid.
5. The method for preparing activated carbon from spent catalyst according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the wet honeycomb body is dried by one or more of natural drying, infrared drying, microwave drying, hot air drying, and heat drying.
6. The method for preparing activated carbon from spent catalyst according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the activation temperature at the time of high-temperature activation treatment is 500-2000 ℃ and the activation time is 1-20h, and the activation medium is steam, air or CO 2 。
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