CN116100886A - Force sensing composite film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Force sensing composite film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116100886A CN116100886A CN202210767956.9A CN202210767956A CN116100886A CN 116100886 A CN116100886 A CN 116100886A CN 202210767956 A CN202210767956 A CN 202210767956A CN 116100886 A CN116100886 A CN 116100886A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
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- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052454 barium strontium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
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- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008713 feedback mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a force sensing composite membrane and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: the force sensing composite membrane comprises a high polymer membrane and functional shear thickening fluid, wherein the functional shear thickening fluid is clamped between the high polymer membranes to form a sandwich structure force sensing composite membrane. The force sensing functional composite membrane is a sandwich structure with a polymer membrane/functional shear thickening fluid/polymer membrane, and the contained functional shear thickening fluid is a suspension system consisting of high-concentration particle particles, conductive fibers and dispersion liquid. The particulate particles comprise: montmorillonite, silica or surface-coated silica dielectric particles. When a functional shear thickening fluid is subjected to a certain stress, on the one hand, the viscosity increases rapidly, and on the other hand, particle particles and clusters of conductive fibers are present, so that it has an electrical property response characteristic, i.e. different electrical properties in directions parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the force when subjected to a compressive or tensile force. Therefore, the force sensing composite membrane not only can keep the modulus, strength, flexibility and the like of the polymer membrane, but also can realize the force sensing function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional polymer films, and particularly relates to a force sensing composite film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Nowadays, polymer films are widely used in the fields of electronic components, acoustic elements, sports equipment, and the like. With the rise of wearable devices, electronic components, acoustic elements, sports equipment and the like are developing to miniaturization, and the requirements of the fields on polymer films are increasing. The polymer film has the advantages of high cost performance, good protection, good flexibility, light weight and the like, and is the root cause of wide application.
However, with the development of life style to intelligence, electronic components, acoustic elements, sports equipment and the like are required to have mechanical properties such as good strength and flexibility, and also have a response sensing function to external stimulus so as to transmit related information, thereby realizing intelligence. However, the present polymer film cannot meet this property.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a force sensing composite membrane. Comprising the following steps: the force sensing composite membrane comprises a high polymer membrane and functional shear thickening fluid, wherein the functional shear thickening fluid is clamped between the high polymer membranes to form a sandwich structure force sensing composite membrane.
Further, the polymer film is a thermoplastic film, a thermoplastic elastomer film, or a cured film, wherein the thermoplastic film includes: polypropylene, polycarbonate or polyethylene terephthalate, thermoplastic elastomer film: including TPU, SBS or TPE, cured film: including rubber, epoxy, or polyurethane.
Further, the functional shear thickening fluid is a suspension system formed by particles of particles and functional fibers dispersed in a dispersion, wherein the particles of particles comprise: montmorillonite, silica or surface-coated silica dielectric particles.
Further, the thickness of the polymer film is 5-10000 μm.
Further, the thickness of the functional shear thickening fluid is 1-100000nm.
A method of preparing a force sensing composite membrane, comprising:
diluting the functional shear thickening liquid with a solvent, coating the diluted functional shear thickening liquid on a thermoplastic or thermoplastic elastomer polymer film, covering another thermoplastic or thermoplastic elastomer polymer film after the solvent volatilizes, and hot-pressing to obtain a force sensing composite film;
or preparing a high polymer cured film, diluting the functional shear thickening liquid with a solvent after curing to form a crosslinked network, coating the crosslinked network film after the solvent volatilizes, and coating another layer of high polymer cured film to obtain the force sensing composite film.
Further, when the polymer film is a thermoplastic or thermoplastic elastomer film, the hot pressing mode is flat hot pressing or hot rolling.
Further, when the polymer film is a cured film, the curing mode is thermal curing or ultraviolet curing.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
mixing the particle particles, the conductive fibers and the dispersion liquid in a volume ratio of 1:0.8-1.2 to obtain a suspension system to form a functional shear thickening liquid, wherein the particle particles comprise: montmorillonite, silica or surface-coated silica dielectric particles. The particle size of the particles is 200-1000nm, the diameter of the conductive fiber is 0.1-20 mu m, and the length-diameter ratio is 100-1000.
Further, the dielectric particles include barium titanate or barium strontium titanate, the conductive fibers include carbon fibers or carbon nanotubes, and the dispersion liquid includes glycerol, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, or polyethylene glycol.
Wherein the particle particles are particles which can have shear thickening performance in dispersion liquid, and the high-concentration suspension system is a system with concentration exceeding a certain value so as to show the shear thickening performance.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a composite membrane with a force sensing function and a preparation method thereof, which ensure that a high polymer membrane has the force sensing function while retaining good strength and flexibility. The force sensing functional composite membrane is of a polymer membrane/functional shear thickening fluid/polymer membrane sandwich structure, and the contained functional shear thickening fluid is a high-concentration functional particle and dispersion suspension system. When a functional shear thickening fluid is subjected to a certain stress, on the one hand the viscosity increases rapidly, and on the other hand functional particles or clusters of fibres appear concomitantly, so that it has an electrical response characteristic, i.e. different electrical properties in directions parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the force when subjected to a compressive or tensile force. Therefore, the force sensing composite membrane not only can keep the modulus, strength, flexibility and the like of the polymer membrane, but also can realize the force sensing function. When the force sensing composite membrane is applied to the fields of electronic components, acoustic elements, sports equipment and the like, the force sensing composite membrane is beneficial to establishing a device working state feedback mechanism, and intelligent application is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a force sensing composite membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the shear thickening performance and the clustering phenomenon of particles and conductive fibers of a functional shear thickening fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following description will make clear and complete descriptions of the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
And mixing the barium titanate particles coated with the silicon dioxide with the particle size of about 300nm and the polyethylene glycol 200 according to the volume ratio of 50:50 to obtain the functional shear thickening fluid with good performance and dielectric response to force.
Diluting the functional shear thickening fluid with a certain amount of ethanol to enable the dielectric functional shear thickening fluid to have certain fluidity; coating the diluted dispersion liquid on a polypropylene film with the thickness of 100 mu m, and after ethanol volatilizes, obtaining the polypropylene film with the surface coated with 500nm thick dielectric function shear thickening liquid; and covering another layer of 100 mu m polypropylene film on the upper part, and performing flat hot press molding to obtain the force sensing composite film. The tensile modulus of the force sensing composite film is 635MPa, the dielectric constant (1 kHz) of the composite film in the direction parallel to the pressure direction or the direction perpendicular to the tension direction is 6.3 when the pressure exists, and the dielectric constant (1 kHz) of the composite film is 3.5 when the pressure does not exist, so that the force sensing composite film has a dielectric response function under the action of force. And compared with a composite film obtained by hot pressing a two-layer polypropylene film without functional shear thickening liquid, the tensile modulus is 630MPa, and the dielectric constant (1 kHz) is about 2.0 no matter whether the force is applied or not. The force sensing composite membrane maintains the modulus of the polypropylene membrane and simultaneously endows the composite membrane with a dielectric response function under the action of the force.
Example 2
The silicon dioxide particles with the particle size of about 500nm, the carbon fiber with the length-diameter ratio of 100 and the polyethylene glycol 200 are mixed according to the volume ratio of 49:1:50, so that the functional shear thickening fluid with good performance and conductive response to force is obtained.
Selecting functional shear thickening fluid, and diluting the functional shear thickening fluid with a certain amount of ethanol to enable the functional shear thickening fluid to have certain fluidity; coating the diluted dispersion liquid on a PET film with the thickness of 150 mu m, and after ethanol volatilizes, obtaining the PET film with the surface coated with the 500nm thick functional shear thickening liquid; and covering another layer of 150 mu m PET film on the upper part, and performing flat hot press molding to obtain the force sensing composite film with conductive response to force. The tensile modulus of the force sensing composite film is 1030MPa, the conductivity of the composite film in the direction parallel to the pressure direction or the direction perpendicular to the tension direction is 150S/cm when the pressure or the tension exists, and the conductivity of the composite film is 3.8S/cm when the pressure does not exist, so that the force sensing composite film has a conductivity response function under the action of the force. Compared with a composite film obtained by hot pressing two layers of PET films without shear thickening liquid, the tensile modulus is 980MPa, the conductivity is 0.00006S/cm, and the force sensing composite film has good force conductivity response function while keeping the modulus of the PET film.
Example 3
Mixing the barium titanate particles coated with silicon dioxide with the particle size of about 200nm and the carbon nano tube with the diameter of 20nm and the length-diameter ratio of 150 with polyethylene glycol 200 according to the volume ratio of 45:1:54 to obtain the functional shear thickening fluid with good performance and double response to dielectric and electric conduction.
The functional shear thickening fluid is selected, and diluted by a certain amount of ethanol, so that the shear thickening fluid has certain fluidity; coating the diluted dispersion liquid on a polypropylene film with the thickness of 50 mu m, and after ethanol volatilizes, obtaining the polypropylene film with the surface coated with 100nm thick functional shear thickening liquid; and covering another layer of 50 mu m polypropylene film on the upper part, and performing hot roll forming to obtain the force sensing composite film. The tensile modulus of the force sensing composite film is 633MPa, the dielectric constant (1 kHz) of the composite film in the direction parallel to the pressure direction or the direction perpendicular to the tension direction is 6.8 when pressure or tension exists, the conductivity is 162S/cm, the dielectric constant (1 kHz) of the composite film is 3.7 when no pressure exists, the conductivity is 3.9S/cm, and the composite film has the double-response function of dielectric and electric conductivity under the action of force. Compared with a composite film obtained by hot pressing a two-layer polypropylene film without functional shear thickening liquid, the composite film has the advantages of 620MPa tensile modulus, 1.9 dielectric constant (1 kHz) and 0.000008S/cm conductivity, and has good force dielectric and conductivity dual response functions while maintaining the modulus of the polypropylene film.
Example 4
The montmorillonite with the length-diameter ratio of 1000 and the thickness of the slice layer of about 10nm and the carbon fiber with the length-diameter ratio of 100 and the polyethylene glycol 200 are mixed according to the volume ratio of 40:1:59, so that the functional shear thickening fluid with good performance and conductive response to force is obtained.
The functional shear thickening fluid is selected and diluted by a certain amount of ethanol, so that the functional shear thickening fluid has certain fluidity; coating the diluted dispersion liquid on a polypropylene film with the thickness of 100 mu m, and after ethanol volatilizes, obtaining the polypropylene film with the surface coated with 500nm thick shear thickening liquid; and covering another layer of 100 mu m polypropylene film on the upper part, and performing hot roll forming to obtain the force sensing composite film. The tensile modulus of the force sensing composite film is 650MPa, the conductivity of the composite film in the direction parallel to the pressure direction or the direction perpendicular to the tension direction is 120S/cm when pressure or tension exists, and the conductivity of the composite film is 2.1S/cm when no pressure exists, so that the force sensing composite film has a conductivity response function under the action of force. Compared with a composite film obtained by hot pressing two layers of polypropylene films without shear thickening liquid, the tensile modulus is 630MPa, the conductivity is 0.0000075S/cm, and the force sensing composite film has a good force conductivity response function while the modulus of the polypropylene film is maintained.
Example 5
The barium titanate particles coated by the silicon dioxide with the particle size of about 300nm and the polyethylene glycol 200 are mixed according to the volume ratio of 50:50, so that the functional shear thickening fluid with good performance and dielectric response to force is obtained.
The functional shear thickening fluid is selected and diluted by a certain amount of ethanol, so that the functional shear thickening fluid has certain fluidity; coating the diluted dispersion liquid on a TPU elastic film with the thickness of 200 mu m, and after ethanol volatilizes, obtaining the TPU elastic film with the surface coated with 800nm thick shear thickening liquid; and covering another layer of TPU elastic film with the thickness of 200 mu m on the upper part, and performing hot rolling forming to obtain the force sensing composite film. The tensile modulus of the force sensing composite film is measured to be 37MPa, the dielectric constant (1 kHz) of the composite film in the direction parallel to the pressure direction or the direction perpendicular to the tension direction is 6.8 when the pressure or the tension exists, and the dielectric constant (1 kHz) of the composite film is 3.7 when the pressure does not exist, so that the force sensing composite film has a dielectric response function under the action of the force. And (3) comparing the composite film obtained by hot pressing the two TPU elastic films without the shear thickening fluid, wherein the tensile modulus is 35MPa, and the dielectric constant (1 kHz) is about 3.1 no matter whether the force acts or not. The force sensing composite film has good force action dielectric response function while maintaining the modulus of the TPU elastic film.
Example 6
The silicon dioxide particles with the particle size of about 500nm, the carbon fiber with the length-diameter ratio of 100 and the polyethylene glycol 200 are mixed according to the volume ratio of 49:1:50, so that the functional shear thickening fluid with good performance and conductive response to force is obtained.
The functional shear thickening fluid is selected and diluted by a certain amount of ethanol, so that the shear thickening fluid has certain fluidity; coating the diluted dispersion liquid on an SBS elastic film with the thickness of 300 mu m, and after ethanol volatilizes, obtaining the SBS elastic film with the surface coated with the 800nm thick functional shear thickening liquid; and covering another 300 mu m SBS elastic film on the upper part, and performing hot rolling forming to obtain the force sensing composite film. The tensile modulus of the force sensing composite film is measured to be 29MPa, the conductivity of the composite film in the direction parallel to the pressure direction or the direction perpendicular to the tension direction is 147S/cm when the pressure or the tension exists, and the conductivity of the composite film is measured to be 9.8S/cm when the pressure does not exist, so that the force sensing composite film has a conductivity response function under the action of the force. And compared with a composite film obtained by hot pressing two layers of SBS elastic films without shear thickening liquid, the composite film has a tensile modulus of 26MPa and an electrical conductivity of 0.00008S/cm, and the force sensing composite film has a good force conductivity response function while maintaining the modulus of the SBS elastic film.
Example 7
The silicon dioxide particles with the particle size of about 500nm, the carbon nano tube with the diameter of 10nm and the length-diameter ratio of 1000 and the polyethylene glycol 200 are mixed according to the volume ratio of 49:1:50, so that the functional shear thickening fluid with good performance and conductive response to force is obtained.
Mixing PPG400, triethanolamine and IPDI according to a certain proportion, pouring and solidifying to obtain a polyurethane film with the thickness of 100 mu m, and then selecting the functional shear thickening fluid, and diluting with a certain amount of ethanol to enable the shear thickening fluid to have certain fluidity; coating the diluted dispersion liquid on the thermosetting polyurethane film, and after ethanol volatilizes, obtaining the thermosetting polyurethane film with the surface coated with 500nm thick shear thickening liquid; and coating another layer of the mixed solution on the surface of the film, and continuing to solidify to obtain the force sensing composite film with the thickness of about 200 mu m. The tensile modulus of the force sensing composite film is 41MPa, the conductivity of the composite film in the direction parallel to the pressure direction or the direction perpendicular to the tension direction is 181S/cm when the pressure or the tension exists, and the conductivity of the composite film is 9.8S/cm when the pressure does not exist, so that the force sensing composite film has a conductivity response function under the action of the force. Compared with a composite film obtained by two layers of thermosetting polyurethane films without shear thickening liquid, the tensile modulus is 40MPa, the conductivity is 0.00009S/cm, and the force sensing composite film has a good force conductivity response function while maintaining the modulus of the thermosetting polyurethane film.
Example 8
The barium titanate particles coated by the silicon dioxide with the particle size of about 300nm and the polyethylene glycol 200 are mixed according to the volume ratio of 50:50, so that the functional shear thickening fluid with good performance and dielectric response to force is obtained.
Mixing an acrylic compound and an ultraviolet curing agent according to a certain proportion, pouring ultraviolet curing to obtain an ultraviolet curing acrylic film with the thickness of 100 mu m, and then selecting the functional shear thickening fluid, and diluting with a certain amount of ethanol to enable the functional shear thickening fluid to have certain fluidity; coating the diluted dispersion liquid on the ultraviolet light curing acrylic ester film, and after ethanol volatilizes, obtaining the ultraviolet light curing acrylic ester film with the surface coated with 500nm thick shear thickening liquid; and then another layer of the ultraviolet light curing acrylate mixed solution is coated on the surface of the film, and the film is continuously cured to obtain the force sensing composite film with the thickness of about 200 mu m. The tensile modulus of the force sensing composite film is 500MPa, the dielectric constant (1 kHz) of the composite film in the direction parallel to the pressure direction or the direction perpendicular to the tension direction is 7.4 when the pressure or the tension exists, and the dielectric constant (1 kHz) of the composite film is 3.5 when the pressure does not exist, so that the force sensing composite film has a dielectric response function under the action of the force. The tensile modulus of the composite film obtained by comparing the two layers of thermosetting polyurethane films without the shear thickening fluid is 490MPa, and the dielectric constant (1 kHz) is about 3.3 no matter whether the force is applied or not. The force sensing composite film has good force action dielectric response function while maintaining the modulus of the thermosetting polyurethane film.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the force sensing composite membrane is shown in fig. 1, and the shear thickening performance and the particle and conductive fiber clustering phenomenon of the functional shear thickening fluid are shown in fig. 2. It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A force sensing composite membrane, comprising: the force sensing composite membrane comprises a high polymer membrane and functional shear thickening fluid, wherein the functional shear thickening fluid is clamped between the high polymer membranes to form a sandwich structure force sensing composite membrane.
2. The force sensing composite membrane of claim 1, wherein the polymeric membrane is a thermoplastic membrane, a thermoplastic elastomer membrane, or a cured membrane, wherein the thermoplastic membrane comprises: polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene terephthalate, the thermoplastic elastomer film comprising: TPU, SBS or TPE, the cured film comprising: rubber, epoxy or polyurethane.
3. The force sensing composite membrane of claim 1, wherein the functional shear thickening fluid is a suspension of particles and functional fibers dispersed in a dispersion, wherein the particles comprise: montmorillonite, silica or surface-coated silica dielectric particles.
4. The force sensing composite membrane of claim 1 or 2, wherein the polymeric membrane has a thickness of 5-10000 μm.
5. The force sensing composite membrane of claim 1 or 4, wherein the functional shear thickening fluid has a thickness of 1-100000nm.
6. A method of preparing a force sensing composite membrane, comprising:
diluting the functional shear thickening liquid with a solvent, coating the diluted functional shear thickening liquid on a thermoplastic or thermoplastic elastomer polymer film, covering another thermoplastic or thermoplastic elastomer polymer film after the solvent volatilizes, and hot-pressing to obtain a force sensing composite film;
or preparing a high polymer cured film, diluting the functional shear thickening liquid with a solvent after curing to form a crosslinked network, coating the crosslinked network film after the solvent volatilizes, and coating another layer of high polymer cured film to obtain the force sensing composite film.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein when the polymer film is a thermoplastic or thermoplastic elastomer film, the hot pressing means is flat plate hot pressing or hot rolling.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein when the polymer film is a cured film, the curing means is thermal curing or ultraviolet curing.
9. The method of manufacturing according to claim 6, further comprising:
mixing particles or conductive fibers with a dispersion liquid in a volume ratio of 1:0.8-1.2 to obtain a suspension system to form a functional shear thickening liquid, wherein the particles comprise: dielectric particles of silica, montmorillonite or surface-coated silica.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein,
the dielectric particles comprise barium titanate or barium strontium titanate, the conductive fibers comprise carbon fibers or carbon nanotubes, and the dispersion comprises glycerol, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or polyethylene glycol.
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| Title |
|---|
| 陈潜: "剪切增稠液的优化设计及性能研究", 中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑, no. 11, 15 November 2017 (2017-11-15), pages 014 - 210 * |
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