CN116099891A

CN116099891A - Welding-type radial near-equal-channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device

Info

Publication number: CN116099891A
Application number: CN202310110159.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田建国; 杨柯; 万鹏; 陈应强
Original assignee: Chongqing Shenji New Material Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Shenji New Material Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-13
Filing date: 2023-02-13
Publication date: 2023-05-12

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of continuous extrusion equipment, in particular to a welding-type radial near-equal-channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device; the mold comprises an outer mold and an inner mold assembly arranged in the outer mold; the top of the outer die is fixedly connected with a die cavity sealing cover, and a feeding hole communicated with the inner die assembly is formed in the middle of the sealing cover; the investment is less, the benefit is high, and the investment recovery period is short. If the micro-channel parallel flow pipes are produced on the same scale, and the micro-channel parallel flow pipes are imported equipment, the investment of continuous extrusion is 50-60% of that of common extrusion, and the occupied land and the configuration of production personnel are less than those of the common extrusion mode; the continuous extrusion method is an inherent characteristic of friction generation heat, and compared with the traditional extrusion method, the electric energy consumption is reduced by more than 30% -40%, and the method is low-carbon and environment-friendly; the defects of peeling off of a vehicle and periodical surplus pressing removal of a traditional extrusion method are avoided, the head, the tail and the like of an extruded product are needed, and the utilization rate of extruded materials is improved by more than 15% -20%; can be produced in an infinitely long way, and has high product quality stability and the like.

Description

Welding-type radial near-equal-channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of continuous extrusion equipment, in particular to a welding-type radial near-equal-channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device.

Background

Two extrusion techniques, mainly aluminum alloys, which can be used for welding extrusion, are more conventional horizontal (normal or hot) extrusion, and continuous extrusion.

In order to obtain excellent tissue structure and dispersion distribution of the second phase of the extruded product, even the theory and technological research of the extrusion tissue tending to nanocrystallize 'equal diameter angle extrusion' or the later developed 'equal channel multi-angle', are emerging in the beginning of the century. However, the method is still in the laboratory research stage so far, has not been really practical, and has not been developed and put into practical use in a continuous equal-channel multi-corner extrusion method.

For extrusion of the welded hollow pipe material with aluminum alloy as the main material, the welding quality performance of the welded structure has a decisive key effect on the fineness of the extruded structure or the dispersion of the second phase structure except that the welding quality performance is in a direct proportion relation with the extrusion ratio.

Patent WO2009063206A1, british BWE, which is the invention of continuous extrusion (form), has a prototype of what we call "near-equal channel multi-turn continuous extrusion".

The invention patent technology (CN 108526236B) formed by the concept of near-equal channel multi-rotation angle continuous extrusion can perform tangential near-equal channel multi-rotation angle continuous extrusion of high-precision and high-quality small round tubes and the like more perfectly. However, the tangential near-equal channel multi-corner method has the defects of complex and difficult pressure equalizing design structure for realizing the die cavity structure and the like for extruding special-shaped pipes such as micro-channel parallel flow pipes; besides the coordination difficulty of the extrusion ratio and the tangential structure, the model level of the continuous extrusion machine is at least increased by one level, so that the equipment investment is greatly increased; meanwhile, the die cavity and the induction heating device of the die cannot be effectively and reasonably arranged due to the 'nature' of the tangential continuous extrusion method (because the structural size of the die cavity can be greatly reduced). The disadvantages of isothermal extrusion and the like in the true sense cannot be realized.

As microchannel parallel flow tube extruded products for use in parallel flow heat exchangers, lightweight designs have been common. The small hole type, ultra-thin wall and rib type and ultra-high precision structure complies with the basic heat transfer efficiency specification of 'shortest path' and 'maximum area' of heat transfer performance, and certainly brings greater challenges to the extrusion of welded pipes represented by micro-channel parallel flow pipes.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a welding radial near-equal channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device, which solves the problems that the pressure equalizing design structure of a die cavity structure is complex and difficult when parallel flow pipes in the prior art are produced, isothermal extrusion in the true sense cannot be realized, and the like.

According to an embodiment of the invention, a welding-type radial near-equal channel multi-corner continuous extrusion apparatus includes an outer die and an inner die assembly mounted within the outer die;

the top of the outer die is fixedly connected with a die cavity sealing cover, a feeding hole communicated with the inner die assembly is formed in the middle of the sealing cover, and the top of the sealing cover is fixedly connected with a plug positioned at one side of the feeding hole;

the inner die assembly comprises a crystal drill split die, a split taper drill structure body is fixedly arranged in the crystal drill split die, a die cavity for molding extruded aluminum fluid is arranged below the crystal drill split die, a mandrel is arranged in the die cavity, and a discharging channel is arranged below the die cavity.

In the embodiment, when the die is used, the aluminum alloy rod material is extruded and fed along the tangential direction of the sealing cover through the extrusion wheel and the compression wheel in the prior art, the aluminum alloy rod material is changed into aluminum fluid after being extruded by the extrusion wheel and the compression wheel, the aluminum fluid enters the feeding hole from the corner under the action of the plug, the aluminum fluid flows out of the feeding hole into the crystal drill split-die in the inner die assembly and then enters the die cavity for molding, and as the mandrel is arranged in the die cavity, the inside of a finished product molded through the die cavity is of a hollow structure so as to form a parallel flow pipe, and finally the finished product is sent out from the discharging channel; first near equal channel rotation angle: the aluminum rod upsetting expansion body in the extrusion wheel forms a special 90-degree corner and a group of near-equal channel processes under the obstruction of the plug; second near equal channel two corners: the device consists of a 360-degree circumferential corner and a small space expansion channel formed by a feeding hole and a splitting taper drill structure body; third near equal channel three corners: the crystal drill split-flow die comprises a split-flow taper drill structure body and a crystal drill split-flow die expansion taper cavity; the near-equal channel multi-corner continuous extrusion technology is adopted to enable oxides, mixed matters, bubbles and the like mixed in the aluminum alloy to be subjected to shearing deformation through multiple corners, refine and disperse the substances, meanwhile, crystal grains of the aluminum alloy are greatly refined, mechanical properties such as strength and toughness of extruded tissues are greatly improved, and the beneficial effect of pinning the crystal grains is achieved when the micro-channel parallel flow pipe is brazed; by combining a mature radial continuous extrusion die cavity induction heating mode, isothermal extrusion in a true sense can be conveniently realized on a radial near-equal channel multi-corner extrusion method; therefore, not only can the organization of the extruded product be controlled accurately, but also some aluminum alloys which are extremely difficult to be subjected to split welding can be subjected to welding type extrusion attempts. The coordination arrangement of the induction heating device under certain constraint conditions can not be carried out by the tangential continuous extrusion at present; the essence of the technology of the invention is that the microchannel parallel flow tube can be carried out in a radial continuous extrusion mode in the current production.

The aluminum rod material enters two extrusion channels and is molded through the extrusion channels to obtain a product; the aluminum rod enters the feeding hole through a 90-degree corner, then the aluminum rod enters the two extrusion channels through corner diversion again, and as the part of the combined die between the bending parts of the two extrusion channels forms a spindle-shaped structure, aluminum fluid can generate a third corner in each extrusion channel, and after the aluminum fluid passes through the near-equal channel corners for three times, the adhered substances, mixed substances or bubbles and other bad substances are thinned and dispersed through repeated shearing deformation; meanwhile, the technology of the invention also shears the fibrous tissue of the aluminum rod material which is extruded and elongated into dispersed, uniform and fine grains through repeated corner deformation, thereby greatly improving the toughness, the thermal strength performance and certain corrosion resistance of the product which is extruded by the near-equal channel multi-corner continuous extrusion; meanwhile, the compactness of the extruded wire is increased to be maximally close to the theoretical density; the discharging paths of the two extrusion channels accord with the extrusion pressure equalizing principle of shortest path, minimum resistance and consideration of gravity factors, which are put forward by practice summarization, and the structure is symmetrical, so that the two extrusion channels can discharge simultaneously, and the extrusion efficiency is improved. An aluminum alloy rod material forms a 90-degree corner with a feeding channel of a die cavity through an extrusion wheel groove in the prior art and a feeding channel which is very close to an equal channel and is expanded at a small angle (3-5 degrees), so that a first group of near-equal channel multi-corner combinations are formed. The continuous extrusion mode is characterized by being naturally possessed by all continuous extrusion modes, and the aluminum alloy rod material which is naturally subjected to the continuous extrusion principle is subjected to upsetting deformation under the action of a die cavity plug when a group of near-equal-channel multi-corner deformation is not carried out.

Further, the inner die assembly comprises the crystal drill split die, the male die holder and the female die holder which are arranged from top to bottom, so that the extruded aluminum fluid sequentially passes through the crystal drill split die, the male die holder and the female die holder.

Further, two sides of the diversion taper drill structure body are fixedly connected with taper wings fixedly connected with the inner side walls of the diversion die of the crystal drill.

Further, a parting bead is fixedly arranged in the male die holder, and the mandrel is arranged at the bottom side of the parting bead.

Further, a hollow channel is formed in the middle of the parting bead, a core shaft sleeve is movably arranged in the hollow channel, a core shaft plate is movably arranged in the core shaft sleeve, and the core shaft is fixedly arranged on the core shaft.

Further, be connected with the mounting panel in the female die seat can be dismantled, be provided with on the mounting panel the die cavity, the mounting panel below is provided with first discharging channel.

Further, the inner mold assembly further comprises a compression nut located below the female mold base.

Further, the compression nut is in threaded connection with the inner side wall of the outer die, and a second discharging channel communicated with the first discharging channel is arranged in the compression nut.

Further, the upper cone part of the splitting cone drill structure body is a cone angle of 120-135 degrees.

Further, the lower cone part of the splitting cone drill structure body is a cone angle of 60-90 degrees.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the investment is less, the benefit is high, and the investment recovery period is short. If the parallel flow pipes of the micro-channels are produced on the same scale, and the parallel flow pipes are imported equipment, the investment of continuous extrusion is 50-60% of that of common extrusion, and the occupied land and the configuration of production personnel are less than those of the common extrusion mode.

2. The continuous extrusion method is an inherent characteristic of friction generation heat, and compared with the traditional extrusion method, the electric energy consumption is reduced by more than 30% -40%, and the method is low-carbon and environment-friendly.

3. The method has the advantages that the defects of peeling off of a vehicle and periodical surplus pressing removal of a traditional extrusion method are avoided, the head, the tail and the like of an extruded product are needed, and the utilization rate of extruded materials is improved by more than 15% -20%.

4. Can be produced in an infinitely long way, and has high product quality stability and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of a welding-type radial near-equal channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a welding-type radial near-equal channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view at B-B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an mold assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a split-flow die of a crystal drill according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of a die-splitting module of a crystal drill according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the bottom view of a splitter for a crystal drill according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a male mold base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic top view of a male mold base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of a male mold base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a female die holder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a second perspective structure of a female die holder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of a compression nut according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a perspective structure of a compression nut according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the above figures: 100. an outer mold; 110. a cover; 111. a plug; 112. a feed hole; 200. a crystal drill split die; 210. a shunt taper drill structure; 220. a conical wing; 300. yang Mo; 310. a core sleeve; 320. a mandrel plate; 321. a mandrel; 400. a female die holder; 420. a mounting plate; 421. a cavity; 410. a first discharge channel; 500. a compression nut; 510. and a second discharging channel.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 15 together, the present embodiment provides a welding-type radial near-equal channel multi-corner continuous extrusion apparatus, which includes an outer die 100 and an inner die assembly installed in the outer die 100;

the top of the outer die 100 is fixedly connected with a die cavity sealing cover 110, a feeding hole 112 communicated with the inner die assembly is formed in the middle of the sealing cover 110, and the top of the sealing cover 110 is fixedly connected with a plug 111 positioned at one side of the feeding hole 112;

the inner die assembly comprises a crystal drill split die 200, a split taper drill structure body 210 is fixedly arranged in the crystal drill split die 200, a die cavity 421 for molding extruded aluminum fluid is arranged below the crystal drill split die 200, a mandrel 321 is arranged in the die cavity 421, and a discharging channel is arranged below the die cavity 421.

In this embodiment, when in use, the aluminum alloy rod material is extruded and fed along the tangential direction of the sealing cover 110 by the extrusion wheel and the compression wheel in the prior art, after being extruded by the extrusion wheel and the compression wheel, the aluminum alloy rod material becomes aluminum fluid, and the aluminum fluid enters the feeding hole 112 at a corner under the action of the plug 111, the aluminum fluid flows out of the feeding hole 112 into the die of the crystal drill split die 200 in the inner die assembly, and then enters the die cavity 421 for molding, and as the mandrel 321 is arranged in the die cavity 421, the inside of the finished product molded by the die cavity 421 is of a hollow structure to form a parallel flow pipe, and finally the finished product is sent out from the discharging channel; first near equal channel rotation angle: the aluminum rod upsetting expansion body in the extrusion wheel forms a special 90-degree corner and a group of near-equal channel processes under the obstruction of the plug 111; second near equal channel two corners: the feed hole 112 and the splitting cone drill structure 210 form a 360-degree circumferential corner and a small space expansion channel; third near equal channel three corners: the crystal drill split-flow die consists of a split-flow taper drill structure body 210 and an extended taper cavity of the crystal drill split-flow die 200; the near-equal channel multi-corner continuous extrusion technology is adopted to enable oxides, mixed matters, bubbles and the like mixed in the aluminum alloy to be subjected to shearing deformation through multiple corners, refine and disperse the substances, meanwhile, crystal grains of the aluminum alloy are greatly refined, mechanical properties such as strength and toughness of extruded tissues are greatly improved, and the beneficial effect of pinning the crystal grains is achieved when the micro-channel parallel flow pipe is brazed; by combining a mature radial continuous extrusion die cavity induction heating mode, isothermal extrusion in a true sense can be conveniently realized on a radial near-equal channel multi-corner extrusion method; therefore, not only can the organization of the extruded product be controlled accurately, but also some aluminum alloys which are extremely difficult to be subjected to split welding can be subjected to welding type extrusion attempts. The coordination arrangement of the induction heating device under certain constraint conditions can not be carried out by the tangential continuous extrusion at present; the essence of the technology of the invention is that the continuous extrusion of the micro-channel parallel flow pipe with low meter weight and high precision can be carried out in the radial continuous extrusion mode in the current production.

The aluminum rod material enters two extrusion channels and is molded through the extrusion channels to obtain a product; the aluminum rod enters the feeding hole 112 through a 90-degree corner, then enters the two extrusion channels through corner diversion again, and the part of the combined die between the bending parts of the two extrusion channels forms a spindle-shaped structure, so that aluminum fluid can generate a third corner in each extrusion channel, and after the aluminum fluid passes through the near-equal channel corners for three times, the adhered substances, mixed substances or bubbles and other bad substances which are mixed in the aluminum fluid are thinned and dispersed through repeated shearing deformation; meanwhile, the technology of the invention also shears the fibrous tissue of the aluminum rod material which is extruded and elongated into dispersed, uniform and fine grains through repeated corner deformation, thereby greatly improving the toughness, the thermal strength performance and certain corrosion resistance of the product which is extruded by the near-equal channel multi-corner continuous extrusion; meanwhile, the compactness of the extruded wire is increased to be maximally close to the theoretical density; the discharging paths of the two extrusion channels accord with the extrusion pressure equalizing principle of shortest path, minimum resistance and consideration of gravity factors, which are put forward by practice summarization, and the structure is symmetrical, so that the two extrusion channels can discharge simultaneously, and the extrusion efficiency is improved. An aluminum alloy rod material forms a 90-degree corner with a feeding channel of a die cavity through an extrusion wheel groove in the prior art and a feeding channel which is very close to an equal channel and is expanded at a small angle (3-5 degrees), so that a first group of near-equal channel multi-corner combinations are formed. The continuous extrusion mode is characterized by being naturally possessed by all continuous extrusion modes, and the aluminum alloy rod material which is naturally subjected to the continuous extrusion principle is subjected to upsetting deformation under the action of the die cavity plug 111 when a group of near-equal-channel multi-corner deformation is not carried out.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the inner die assembly includes the die split die 200, the male die holder 300, and the female die holder 400 arranged from top to bottom such that the extruded aluminum fluid sequentially passes through the die split die 200, the male die holder 300, and the female die holder 400.

Preferably, both sides of the splitting cone drill structure 210 are fixedly connected with cone wings 220 fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the crystal drill splitting mold 200.

As shown in fig. 3 to 8, the wafer drill split-flow die 200 has a hollow ring structure, and the split-flow taper drill structure 210 inside the wafer drill split-flow die is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the wafer drill split-flow die 200 through taper wings 220 on both sides; the split cone drill structure 210 fixedly connected with the cone wings 220 is a diamond-shaped structure with wings.

Preferably, the division bar is fixedly arranged in the male mould base 300, and the mandrel 321 is arranged at the bottom side of the division bar.

As shown in fig. 3, 4, 5, 9, 10 and 11, the male mold base 300 is a hollow circular ring, wherein the spaces on two sides of the parting bead are used for passing the extrusion material, and the mandrel 321 on the parting bead is used for extending into the cavity 421; specifically, a hollow channel is arranged in the middle of the parting bead, a core shaft sleeve 310 is movably arranged in the hollow channel, a core shaft plate 320 is movably arranged in the core shaft sleeve 310, and a core shaft 321 is fixedly arranged on the core shaft plate 320; when in installation, the mandrel plate 320 is installed in the mandrel sleeve 310, and then the mandrel sleeve 310 is placed in the hollow channel so as to quickly replace different mandrels 321; specifically, a plurality of round mandrels 321 are arranged on the mandrel plate 320 at intervals, and of course, the number and the shape of the mandrels 321 on the mandrel plate 320 can be designed according to actual requirements.

Preferably, the female die holder 400 is detachably connected with a mounting plate 420, a cavity 421 is arranged on the mounting plate 420, and a first discharging channel 410 is arranged below the mounting plate 420.

As shown in fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 12 and fig. 13, the female die holder 400 is also a hollow circular ring, the interior of the female die holder is provided with a first discharging channel 410, the middle mounting plate 420 can be detachably connected inside the female die holder 400, different mounting plates 420 can be replaced according to production requirements, and the material body is molded through the cavities 421 with different specifications on the different mounting plates 420.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 8 to 11, the die-cutting die 200 and the male die holder 300 are provided with corresponding through holes, and a rod body is used to pass through the through holes to align the die-cutting die 200 and the male die holder 300, so that the bottoms of the conical wings 220 in the die-cutting die 200 are aligned with the parting strips on the male die holder 300; specifically, the female die holder 400 may be provided with corresponding passages.

Preferably, the inner die assembly further comprises a compression nut 500 located below the female die holder 400; the compression nut 500 is in threaded connection with the inner side wall of the outer mold 100, and a second discharging channel 510 communicated with the first discharging channel 410 is arranged in the compression nut 500.

As shown in fig. 3, 4, 5, 14 and 15, the compression nut 500 is screwed in from the bottom of the outer mold 100, and the die split mold 200, the male mold holder 300 and the female mold holder 400 are tightly pressed together, so as to realize detachable connection of the outer mold 100 and the inner mold assembly, and facilitate assembly and disassembly.

Preferably, the upper cone part of the splitting cone drill structure 210 has a cone angle of 120-135 degrees, and the lower cone part of the splitting cone drill structure 210 has a cone angle of 60-90 degrees; the feed hole 112 has a smaller upper part and a larger lower part, and the radius of the end of the feed hole is 120-135 degrees of cone angle of the cone space.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The welding-type radial near-equal-channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device is characterized by comprising an outer die and an inner die assembly arranged in the outer die;

2. The seam-like radial near-equal channel multi-turn continuous extrusion apparatus of claim 1, wherein said inner die assembly comprises said die split die, said male die holder, and said female die holder arranged from top to bottom such that an extruded aluminum fluid passes sequentially through said die split die, said male die holder, and said female die holder.

3. The welding-type radial near-equal-channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device according to claim 2, wherein two sides of the splitting cone drill structure body are fixedly connected with cone wings fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the crystal drill splitting die.

4. The welding-type radial near-equal-channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device according to claim 2, wherein a parting bead is fixedly arranged in the male die holder, and the mandrel is arranged at the bottom side of the parting bead.

5. The welding-type radial near-equal-channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device according to claim 4, wherein a hollow channel is arranged in the middle of the parting bead, a core shaft sleeve is movably arranged in the hollow channel, a core shaft plate is movably arranged in the core shaft sleeve, and the core shaft is fixedly arranged on the core shaft plate.

6. The welding-type radial near-equal-channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device according to claim 2, wherein the female die seat is detachably connected with a mounting plate, the mounting plate is provided with the cavity, and a first discharging channel is arranged below the mounting plate.

7. The seam-like radial near-equal channel multiple turn continuous extrusion apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said inner die assembly further comprises a compression nut positioned below said female die holder.

8. The welding-type radial near-equal-channel multi-corner continuous extrusion device according to claim 7, wherein the compression nut is in threaded connection with the inner side wall of the outer die, and a second discharging channel communicated with the first discharging channel is arranged in the compression nut.

9. The welding-type radial near-equal channel multi-turn continuous extrusion apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the upper cone portion of said tap-hole drill structure has a cone angle of 120-135 °.

10. The welding-type radial near-equal channel multi-corner continuous extrusion apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the lower cone portion of the split cone drill structure has a cone angle of 60-90 °.