CN116099677A - Air-conditioning ionization synergistic high-voltage electrostatic spray film forming device and application thereof - Google Patents
Air-conditioning ionization synergistic high-voltage electrostatic spray film forming device and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116099677A CN116099677A CN202310129107.5A CN202310129107A CN116099677A CN 116099677 A CN116099677 A CN 116099677A CN 202310129107 A CN202310129107 A CN 202310129107A CN 116099677 A CN116099677 A CN 116099677A
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B14/00—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/03—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by the use of gas, e.g. electrostatically assisted pneumatic spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
Abstract
The invention relates to an air-conditioning ionization synergistic high-voltage electrostatic spray film forming device and application thereof, belonging to the field of agricultural product processing and equipment manufacturing. The device comprises a liquid supply system, a sterilization box, a high-voltage electrostatic spraying system, an air supply system, a plasma generating system, a high-voltage power supply, a conveying system, a dehydration system and a control cabinet. The invention atomizes the sterilizing liquid into charged liquid drops under the conditions of low flow rate and high voltage by pushing nitrogen, and generates plasma and electrospray to cooperatively strengthen active groups at the tip of the metal needle by applying high voltage to the metal needle. The active groups sterilize the indoor environment and the product surface, and the charged fog drops are sprayed on the product surface to form a firm protective film to prevent water evaporation and sterilize the product surface. The invention provides a novel agricultural product fresh-keeping mode combining product sterilization, water retention and environment sterilization by combining the synergistic effects of electrospray spraying, gas-regulating ionization and film formation in an integrated device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas-regulating ionization cooperated high-voltage electrostatic spraying film forming device and application thereof, in particular to a cooperative action method of electrospray spraying, gas-regulating ionization and film forming fresh-keeping, belonging to the field of agricultural product processing and equipment manufacturing.
Background
The fruits and vegetables have short storage period and are easy to decay, and become a substrate for bacterial infection and propagation. The loss of fruits and vegetables caused by improper storage in China accounts for about 30% of the total amount of fruits and vegetables every year. Therefore, how to realize high-quality fresh-keeping of fruits and vegetables, and to increase the storage capacity of fruits and vegetables, is a difficult problem to be solved in the food industry. Electrospray, low temperature plasma and modified atmosphere preservation are widely used to solve this problem. Compared with other means, the electrospray, low-temperature plasma and modified atmosphere preservation method has the characteristics of low-temperature operation, low operation cost, high treatment capacity and simple process, and has good industrial application prospect. Therefore, the three independent technical means show certain advantages in the field of fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping.
CN201911393923.7 discloses a strawberry fresh-keeping device and a fresh-keeping method, and discloses an electrostatic spraying device using plant essential oil emulsion as a bactericide, which is used for strawberry fresh-keeping. The device uses the box as the configuration, has the storing frame of strawberry storage check in, and electrostatic spraying device is established to the inner wall left and right sides, has the exhaust fan around the box, and the top sets up the air exit, uses the device to handle the strawberry, can prolong the shelf life of strawberry. However, the electrospray device used in this method can apply a low voltage, is insufficient and generates a low-temperature plasma in a wide range, and does not involve gas conditioning, so that this patent is significantly different from the present patent.
CN202110617551.2 is a plasma air-conditioning fresh-keeping machine and a method for using the same, and discloses a plasma air-conditioning fresh-keeping device. The target product is packaged in the packaging box with gas barrier property by connecting the gas flow control system, the plasma generating unit and the gas-conditioning packaging machine in sequence. The method utilizes alternating current discharge to generate low-temperature plasma at normal temperature, and performs non-heat sterilization on food before modified atmosphere packaging, so that the modified atmosphere fresh-keeping effect can be improved. The plasma action zone and the gas regulation action zone of the method are separated, the low-temperature plasma action is not enhanced through gas regulation, and the method is a step-by-step processing mode and is obviously different from a cooperative integrated device used in the patent.
Similarly, a low-temperature sterilization and air conditioning integrated fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping method exists in the prior art; the Chinese zodiac army; wu Yuanyue; zhu Liang; a method for preserving fruits and vegetables by sterilizing and air conditioning at low temperature. The method comprises the steps of placing pretreated fruits and vegetables in a fresh-keeping device, catalytically degrading ethylene produced by the fruits and vegetables through MnO-2/Bi ethylene removal films, regulating the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the fresh-keeping device through an air-conditioning film, sterilizing the fresh fruits and vegetables by utilizing a plasma gas-phase sterilizer, and reducing the temperature of the environment in the fresh-keeping device by utilizing a semiconductor refrigerating sheet. The method reduces respiration intensity of fruits and vegetables, and prolongs shelf life of fruits and vegetables. The method does not involve electrospray spraying, and the sterilization and water retention effects are weaker than the synergistic effect of an electrospray spraying sterilizing agent and low-temperature plasma. Thus, this technique is significantly different from the methods involved in this patent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects, and provides an air-conditioning ionization synergistic high-voltage electrostatic spray film forming device and application thereof, and aims to continuously perform non-thermal processing on a product under the synergistic conditions of electrospray, low-temperature plasma, sterilization liquid and air conditioning so as to prolong the storage time of agricultural products.
The technical scheme of the invention relates to an air-conditioning ionization collaboration high-voltage electrostatic spraying film forming device, which comprises a liquid supply system, a high-voltage electrostatic spraying system, a gas supply system, a plasma generation system, a conveying system, a sterilizing liquid recovery system, a dehydration system and a control cabinet;
the liquid supply system comprises a liquid storage tank, a liquid filter and a nitrogen storage tank; the lower end of the liquid storage tank is connected with the liquid filter, and the side wall of the upper end of the liquid storage tank is communicated with the nitrogen storage tank;
the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system comprises a sterilizing box, an atomization needle head, an electrode rod and a high-voltage power supply; the liquid filter is communicated into the sterilization box through a pipeline; a plurality of atomization needles are arranged on the pipeline, a high-voltage power supply is arranged on one side of the sterilization box and connected with the electrode rod; a plurality of electrode rod holes are formed in the electrode rod; the atomizing needle head passes through the through hole on the electrode rod and is fixed;
the air supply system comprises an air regulating tank I, an air regulating tank II, an air mixing tank and an air filter; the air-conditioning tank I and the air-conditioning tank II are communicated into the air mixing tank through pipelines; the gas mixing tank is communicated with the gas filter; the gas filter is communicated into the sterilizing box through a pipeline;
the plasma generation system is positioned in the sterilizing box, and comprises an ionization needle head, an electrode rod and a high-voltage power supply; a plurality of ionization needles are arranged on the pipeline communicated with the gas filter, and the front section of each ionization needle penetrates through the through hole of the electrode rod and is fixed; the electrode rod is connected with a high-voltage power supply;
the conveying system comprises a raw material conveying belt, a vibrating bed and a sterilizing liquid collecting tank; the vibrating bed and the sterilizing liquid collecting tank are both positioned in the sterilizing box, and the sterilizing liquid collecting tank is positioned below the vibrating bed; the raw material conveying belt is positioned at one side of the sterilizing box and is used for transferring raw materials to the vibrating bed;
the dehydration system comprises an oven, a blower, a product conveying device, a dehumidifier, a heater and a product collecting container; a product conveying device is arranged on the other side of the sterilizing box, a baking oven is arranged on the product conveying device, a blower is arranged at the upper end of the baking oven, and a dehumidifier and a heater are arranged at the lower end of the baking oven; the other side of the product conveying device is connected with the product collecting container through a conveying belt.
Further, the liquid supply system further comprises a liquid inlet valve, a liquid outlet valve and a pressure regulating valve; the upper end of the liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid inlet valve, and the lower end of the liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid outlet valve; the side wall of the liquid storage tank is communicated with the nitrogen storage tank through a pressure regulating valve.
Further, the gas supply system also comprises a flow regulating valve, a gas component sensor and a gas outlet valve; the flow regulating valves are arranged on the pipelines of the air regulating tank I and the air regulating tank II, which are communicated with the air mixing tank; the gas mixing tank is provided with a gas component sensor, and the lower end of the gas mixing tank is provided with a gas outlet valve.
Further, the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system further comprises a liquid supply valve and a first screw; each atomizing needle is provided with a liquid supply valve for controlling liquid discharge; the atomizing needle head passes through the through hole of the electrode rod and then is fixed by a first screw.
Further, the plasma generation system further comprises an air supply valve and a second screw, and the front section of each ionization needle head penetrates through the through hole of the electrode rod and is fixed through the second screw; and each ionization needle is also provided with an air supply valve.
Further, in the sterilizing box, the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generating system are alternately arranged and distributed.
Further, the voltage operation parameters of the positive/negative high-voltage power supply are respectively set to be positive 50-100kV and negative 50-100kV.
Further, the atomizing needle head and the ionization needle head are made of stainless steel, the specification of the needle head is 25-34G, and the length of the needle head is 20-40mm.
Further, the electrode bars are made of copper materials, are protected by adopting insulating shrinkage materials, are 50-100cm long and 10-14cm in diameter, are processed into perforations in the middle, 7.6-8.0mm in aperture, 1cm in hole distance and 3-5mm in aperture, and are processed into wire holes at the vertical positions of the perforation.
Further, the number of the atomizing needles and the ionization needles mounted on the single-row electrode rods is 20-30, and the distance between the metal needles is larger than 3cm.
Further, the distance between the electrostatic spray atomizing system and the electrode rod of the plasma generating system is more than 3cm.
Further, the sterilizing chamber is designed into a modularized structure, and the total number of the electrode rods in the electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generating system in the single sterilizing chamber is 20-25.
Further, the material of the modularized structure sterilization chamber is glass fiber insulation material, the length is 100-150cm, the width is 50-100cm, and the height is 50-80cm.
Further, the liquid supply system and the gas supply system supply the electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generating system in the sterilizing chambers with the modularized structures through distribution pipes and valves.
Further, the raw material conveying belt is of a mesh structure, is made of glass fiber insulating materials, and has a width of 50-80cm and a rotating speed adjusting range of 0-50Hz.
Further, the vibrating bed is of a mesh structure, is made of glass fiber insulating materials, and has a vibrating frequency range of 0-50Hz.
Further, the conveying belt of the product conveying device is of a mesh structure, is made of glass fiber insulating materials, has the width of 50-80cm and has the rotating speed adjusting range of 0-50Hz.
Further, the oven has a length of 150-300cm, a width of 50-80cm, a height of 50-80cm, and a temperature control range of 25-50 ℃.
Further, the control cabinet is respectively connected with a liquid inlet valve, a liquid outlet valve, a raw material conveying belt, a pressure regulating valve, a vibrating bed, a flow pressure regulating valve, a gas sensor, a gas outlet valve, a high-voltage power supply, a dehumidifier, a product conveying belt, a blower and a heater; the method comprises the steps of controlling the start and stop of a liquid inlet valve, a liquid outlet valve, an air outlet valve, a dehumidifier and a blower through a control cabinet, starting and stopping a raw material conveyer belt, regulating the rotation speed, starting and stopping a pressure regulating valve, regulating the frequency of a vibrating bed, starting and stopping a flow regulating valve, regulating the flow of a flow regulating valve, detecting and controlling components of a gas sensor, starting and stopping a high-voltage power supply, regulating the voltage, starting and stopping a product conveyer belt, regulating the rotation speed, starting and stopping a heater, and regulating the power.
And setting and detecting process parameters of each system and controlling the operation of each component.
The application of the air-conditioning ionization and high-voltage electrostatic spraying film forming device comprises the following processes: the sterilizing liquid is input into a liquid storage tank through a liquid inlet valve, a pressure regulating valve connected with the side wall of the liquid storage tank is regulated, so that nitrogen in the nitrogen storage tank enters a liquid supply system, the nitrogen pushes the sterilizing liquid to be filtered through a liquid filter, substances unsuitable for electrospray are retained, and then the sterilizing liquid sequentially enters the liquid supply valve and an atomization needle through a pipeline;
regulating a high-voltage power supply, applying voltage to the electrode rod, and enabling the sterilizing liquid to flow out of the atomizing needle under the action of air pressure pushing and an electric field to form charged fog drops; meanwhile, gas is conveyed into the gas mixing tank through the gas regulating tank I and the gas regulating tank II, the gas component proportion in the gas mixing tank is detected by the gas component sensor, the gas in the gas mixing tank is regulated through the flow regulating valve, and the gas in the gas mixing tank enters the ionization needle through the gas filter and the gas supply valve;
regulating a high-voltage power supply, applying voltage to the electrode rod, and ionizing the mixed gas at the outlet of the ionization needle to form plasma; meanwhile, air in the sterilizing box is ionized at the outlet of the ionization needle head, raw materials are conveyed to the sterilizing box through a raw material conveying belt, are subjected to plasma sterilization, charged fog drop spraying and sterilization, are conveyed to an oven through a vibrating bed, and are conveyed to a product collecting container through a product conveying device after surface dehydration; the sterilizing liquid which is not sprayed on the surface of the raw material is guided into a sterilizing liquid collecting tank through a vibrating bed, and the recycling of the sterilizing liquid is completed.
Further, the effective component of the sterilizing liquid is food-grade bacteriostatic agent, and the solvent is distilled water or absolute ethyl alcohol.
Further, the liquid filter was filtered through a 0.1 μm microporous filter membrane, and the gas filter was loaded with a 200-1000nm microporous filter membrane.
Further, the nitrogen storage tank conveys the nitrogen pressure to adjust the range to 0-0.4MPa, and the gas mixing tank conveys the mixed gas to adjust the pressure to adjust the range to 0-0.4MPa.
Further, the spraying rate of the single-atomization needle sterilizing liquid is 0-2mL/min; the ionization rate of the mixed gas of the single ionization needle head is 0-2mL/min.
Further, the voltage setting parameters of the positive and negative high-voltage direct current power supplies are respectively positive 50-positive 100kV and negative 100-negative 50kV.
Further, the frequency range of the raw material conveyor belt, the vibrating bed and the product conveyor belt is 0-50Hz.
Further, the size of the liquid storage tank and the gas mixing tank is a glass fiber container with an inner diameter of 30cm and a height of 20 cm.
Further, the nitrogen storage tank, the air conditioning tank I and the air conditioning tank II are made of stainless steel, and the capacity is 40L.
Further, the gas in the air-conditioning tank can be O 2 、CO 2 、N 2 Etc.; the air flow ratio of the air-conditioning tank I to the air-conditioning tank II is 1-3: 3 to 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can be operated at low temperature, and the nutritional ingredients and quality characteristics of agricultural products are reserved. High-pressure electric spraying, plasma and gas regulation are all non-thermal processing technical means. The low-temperature sterilization, spraying, film forming and gas regulation modes are beneficial to inhibiting the growth of bacteria and the respiration of agricultural products, and the storage and fresh-keeping effects of the agricultural products are remarkably improved.
Effectively promote the adsorption effect of sterilizing liquid, increase film forming strength, reduce moisture loss: the high-voltage electrostatic spraying reduces the size of atomized liquid drops of the sterilizing liquid, improves the charge intensity of the atomized liquid drops, and enhances the electrostatic adsorption force between the atomized liquid drops and the surface of a product, thereby improving the film forming intensity, enhancing the microorganism action effect between the sterilizing liquid and the surface of the product, and reducing the evaporation of water.
The sterilization effect is improved: the controlled-atmosphere ionization can selectively change active group components and concentration of low-temperature plasmas in a production environment, and the active groups of the low-temperature plasmas are loaded on electrospray fog drops through the charge adsorption effect added by electrospray, so that the controlled-atmosphere ionization type controlled-atmosphere electro-spray agent can be used for spraying on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, and realizes high efficiency, synergy and controlled sterilization aiming at different products.
The uniformity of the product is improved, and the raw material cost and the labor cost are reduced: the products of each batch are uniformly sprayed through the linkage of the conveyor belt and the vibrating bed, so that the uniformity of the products is improved; the particle size of the sterilizing liquid droplets is reduced by high-voltage electrostatic spraying, the charge intensity of the droplets is improved, the binding force with products is increased, the sterilizing liquid utilization rate is improved, and meanwhile, a sterilizing liquid recycling spraying system is adopted, so that the raw material cost is reduced; and the manual operation cost is reduced by adopting a full-automatic control means.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an electrical control block diagram of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a liquid inlet valve; 2. a liquid storage tank; 3. sterilizing liquid; 4. a liquid outlet valve; 5. a liquid filter; 6. raw materials; 7. a raw material conveying belt; 8. a pressure regulating valve; 9. a nitrogen storage tank; 10. a sterilization box; 11. a liquid supply valve; 12. a screw I; 13. an atomizing needle; 14. a vibrating bed; 15. a sterilizing liquid collection tank; 16. an air-conditioning tank I; 17. an air-conditioning tank II; 18. a flow regulating valve; 19. a gas component sensor; 20. a gas mixing tank; 21. an air outlet valve; 22. a gas filter; 23. an air supply valve; 24. a screw II; 25. ionization needle; 26. an electrode rod; 27. a high voltage power supply; 28. an oven; 29. a dehumidifying fan; 30. a product conveying device; 31. a blower; 32. a heater; 33. product collection container, 34, control cabinet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1A gas-controlled ionization and high-pressure electrostatic spray film-forming apparatus
Comprises a liquid supply system, a sterilization box 10, a high-voltage electrostatic spraying system, a gas supply system, a plasma generating system, a high-voltage power supply 27, a conveying system, a dehydration system and a control cabinet 34;
the liquid supply system and the air supply system are respectively arranged at two sides of the sterilization box 10 and are communicated into the sterilization box 10; the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generation system are both positioned in the sterilization box 10, the liquid supply system is connected with the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system, and the air supply system is connected with the plasma generation system; the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generating system are connected with a high-voltage power supply 27 positioned outside the sterilization box 10; the height of the plasma generating system is higher than that of the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system;
the conveying system passes through the sterilizing box 10 and is connected with the dehydration system; the conveying system is positioned below the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generating system;
the control cabinet 34 controls the start-stop and parameters of the overall system.
In the embodiment of the invention, the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generating system are both in a modularized design, and each module comprises a group of high-voltage electrostatic spraying system and plasma generating system; the liquid supply system and the gas supply system can be connected to a plurality of modules.
In one embodiment, the liquid supply system comprises a liquid storage tank 2, a liquid filter 5 and a nitrogen storage tank 9; the lower end of the liquid storage tank 2 is connected with the liquid filter 5, and the side wall of the upper end of the liquid storage tank 2 is communicated with the nitrogen storage tank 9;
the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system comprises an atomization needle 13 and an electrode rod 26; the liquid filter 5 is communicated into the sterilization box 10 through a pipeline; a plurality of atomizing needles 13 are arranged on the pipeline, a high-voltage power supply 27 is arranged on one side of the sterilization box 10, and the high-voltage power supply 27 is connected with an electrode rod 26; the electrode bar 26 is provided with a plurality of electrode bar holes; the atomizing needle 13 passes through the through hole on the electrode rod 26 and is fixed;
the gas supply system comprises a gas regulating tank I16), a gas regulating tank II 17, a gas mixing tank 20 and a gas filter 22; the air-conditioning tank I16 and the air-conditioning tank II 17 are communicated into the air mixing tank 20 through pipelines; the gas mixing tank 20 is in communication with a gas filter 22; the gas filter 22 is communicated into the sterilization box 10 through a pipeline;
the plasma generation system is positioned inside the sterilization box 10, and comprises an ionization needle 25, an electrode rod 26 and a high-voltage power supply 27; a plurality of ionization needles 25 are arranged on the pipeline communicated with the gas filter 22, and the front section of each ionization needle 25 passes through the through hole of the electrode rod 26 and is fixed; the electrode rod 26 is connected with a high-voltage power supply 27;
the conveying system comprises a raw material conveying belt 7, a vibrating bed 14 and a sterilizing liquid collecting tank 15; the vibrating bed 14 and the sterilizing liquid collecting tank 15 are both positioned in the sterilizing box 10, and the sterilizing liquid collecting tank 15 is positioned below the vibrating bed 14; the raw material conveying belt 7 is positioned at one side of the sterilizing box 10 and is used for transferring the raw materials 6 to the vibrating bed 14;
the dewatering system comprises an oven 28, a blower 29, a product conveying device 30, a dehumidifier 31, a heater 32 and a product collection container 33; a product conveying device 30 is arranged on the other side of the sterilization box 10, a drying oven 28 is arranged on the product conveying device, a blower 29 is arranged at the upper end of the drying oven 28, and a dehumidifier 31 and a heater 32 are arranged at the lower end of the drying oven 28; the other side of the product conveying device 30 is connected to a product collecting container 33 by a conveyor belt.
Further, the liquid supply system also comprises a liquid inlet valve 1, a liquid outlet valve 4 and a pressure regulating valve 8; the upper end of the liquid storage tank 2 is provided with a liquid inlet valve 1, and the lower end of the liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid outlet valve 4; the side wall of the liquid storage tank 2 is communicated with a nitrogen storage tank 9 through a pressure regulating valve 8;
the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system further comprises a liquid supply valve 11 and a screw I12; each atomizing needle head 13 is provided with a liquid supply valve 11 for controlling liquid discharge; the atomizing needle 13 passes through the through hole of the electrode rod 26 and is fixed by the first screw 12;
the gas supply system further comprises a flow regulating valve 18, a gas composition sensor 19 and a gas outlet valve 21; the flow regulating valves 18 are arranged on the pipelines of the air regulating tank I16 and the air regulating tank II 17 communicated with the air mixing tank 20; the gas mixing tank 20 is provided with a gas component sensor 19, and the lower end of the gas mixing tank 20 is provided with a gas outlet valve 21;
the plasma generating system further comprises an air supply valve 23 and screws II24, wherein the front section of each ionization needle 25 penetrates through the through hole of the electrode rod 26 and is fixed through the screws II 24; an air supply valve 23 is also provided on each ionization needle 25.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the atomizing needles 13 and the ionizing needles 25 are alternately arranged.
The voltage operating parameters of the positive/negative high voltage power supply 27 are set to be positive 50-100kV and negative 50-100kV respectively.
The electrode bars 26 are made of copper materials, are protected by adopting insulating shrinkage materials, are 50-100cm long and 10-14cm in diameter, are processed into perforations in the middle, 7.6-8.0mm in aperture, 1cm in pitch and 3-5mm in aperture, and are processed into wire holes at the vertical positions of the perforation;
the number of the atomizing needles and the ionization needles arranged on the single-row electrode rods is 20-30, and the distance between the metal needles is more than 3cm.
The sterilization box 10 is designed into a modularized structure, and the total number of the electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generating system in a single sterilization chamber is 20-25.
The control cabinet 34 is respectively connected with the liquid inlet valve 1, the liquid outlet valve 4, the raw material conveying belt 7, the pressure regulating valve 8, the vibrating bed 14, the flow pressure regulating valve 18, the gas component sensor 19, the gas outlet valve 21, the high-voltage power supply 27, the moisture extraction fan 29, the product conveying belt 30, the blower 31 and the heater 32; the liquid inlet valve 1, the liquid outlet valve 4, the air outlet valve 21, the dehumidifying fan 29 and the blower 31 are controlled to start and stop by a control cabinet 34, the raw material conveyer belt 7 is started and stopped and the rotating speed is regulated, the pressure regulating valve 8 is started and stopped and the pressure is regulated, the vibrating bed 14 is started and stopped and the frequency is regulated, the flow regulating valve 18 is started and stopped and the flow is regulated, the component of the gas component sensor 19 is detected and controlled, the high-voltage power supply 27 is started and stopped and the voltage is regulated, the product conveyer belt 30 is started and stopped and the rotating speed is regulated, and the heater 32 is started and stopped and the power is regulated.
Method for strawberry preservation by combining controlled atmosphere ionization with high-voltage electrostatic spraying film formation in application example 1
5L of chitosan solution with concentration of 2% is prepared and flows into a sterilizing liquid storage tank 2 through a liquid inlet valve 1. Opening a nitrogen pressure regulating valve 8 and a liquid outlet valve 4, pushing the sterilizing liquid 3 into a liquid filter 5 under the pushing of gravity and nitrogen pressure, and filtering out soluble macromolecules; the liquid supply valve 11 and the positive high-voltage power supply 27 (voltage set point: 60 kV) were opened, and the sterilizing liquid 3 was sprayed in the sterilization chamber 10 through the atomizing needle 13 (needle gauge: 25G).
At the same time, the flow regulating valve 18 is opened to control O 2 Air-conditioning tank I16 and CO 2 The air flow of the air-conditioning tank II 17 enters the air mixing tank 20 according to the ratio of 1:2, the air outlet valve 21 and the air supply valve 23 are opened, and the mixed air passes through the ionization needle 25 (the needle specification is 34G) to form plasma in the sterilization box 10. And maintaining the parameters unchanged, and after stable atomization for 5min, adsorbing active groups of the low-temperature plasma on spray mist drops of the sterilizing liquid.
Then, 100kg of strawberries were washed and put on the raw material conveyor 7 in batches, and the strawberries were conveyed to the vibrating bed 14 in the sterilization chamber 10 at a speed of 50kg/h, and the strawberries subjected to electrospray spraying and plasma action were fed to the product conveying device 30, dehydrated on the inner surface of the oven 28, and then conveyed to the product collection container 33. And in the strawberry treatment process, the vibrating bed 14 is started at the same time, the chitosan solution in the sterilizing liquid collecting tank 15 is recovered after 1h, and the chitosan concentration is detected and regulated to reach 2 percent again, and then the strawberry is recycled. Taking out electrospray processed product from product collecting container 33, subpackaging with plastic bags, placing 10kg of each bag into turnover plastic basket, and placing into 0-4deg.C refrigerator without electrospray processed strawberry (control sample) in the same packaging manner.
After 21 days of storage, the products were taken out of the refrigerator and tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1 controlled ionization of strawberry in conjunction with high voltage electrostatic spray treatment and untreated storage quality comparison
As can be seen from Table 1, the initial test results were consistent for the untreated product and the treated product of the present invention, and the treated product was significantly better than the untreated strawberry in hardness and colony conditions after 21 days.
Application example 2 method for using controlled-atmosphere ionization and high-voltage electrostatic spraying film formation for broccoli fresh-keeping
5L of chitosan oligosaccharide solution with the mass concentration of 2% is prepared and flows into the sterilizing liquid storage tank 2 through the liquid inlet valve 1. The nitrogen pressure regulating valve 8 and the liquid outlet valve 4 are opened, under the pushing of gravity and nitrogen pressure, the sterilizing liquid 3 enters the liquid filter 5 to filter out soluble macromolecules, and the liquid supply valve 11 and the negative high-voltage power supply 27 (the voltage set value is-70 kV) are opened, so that the sterilizing liquid 3 forms spray in the sterilizing box 10 through the atomizing needle 13 (the needle specification is 34G).
At the same time, the flow regulating valve 18 is opened to control O 2 Modified atmosphere tank I16 and N 2 The air flow of the air-conditioning tank II 17 enters the air mixing tank 20 according to the ratio of 3:1, and the air outlet valve 21 and the air supply valve 23 are opened, so that the mixed air passes through the ionization needle 25 (the needle specification is 34G) and then forms plasma in the sterilization box 10. And maintaining the parameters unchanged, and after stable atomization for 5min, adsorbing active groups of the low-temperature plasma on spray mist drops of the sterilizing liquid.
Then, 100kg of broccoli was cut into 3cm diameter flower balls, which were put on the raw material conveyor 7 in batches after washing with tap water, and transported at a speed of 100kg/h to the vibrating bed 14 in the sterilization chamber 10, and the broccoli balls after being subjected to electrospray spraying and low temperature plasma treatment were fed into the product transporting device 30, dehydrated on the inner surface of the oven 28, and then transported to the product collecting container 33. And (3) simultaneously starting the vibrating bed 14 in the broccoli ball treatment process, recovering the chitosan oligosaccharide sterilizing liquid in the sterilizing liquid collecting tank 15 after 1h, detecting and preparing the chitosan oligosaccharide sterilizing liquid to reach 2% mass fraction again, and recycling. Taking out electrospray processed product from product collecting container 33, subpackaging with plastic bags, placing 5kg of each bag into turnover plastic basket, and placing into 0-4deg.C refrigerator without electrospray processed broccoli ball (control sample) in the same packaging manner.
After 30 days of storage, the products were taken out of the refrigerator and tested, and the test results are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2 comparison of broccoli gas-conditioned ionization in combination with high-voltage electrostatic spray treatment and untreated storage quality
As can be seen from Table 2, the untreated product and the treated product of the present invention have the same initial detection result, the treated product has a low weight loss rate after 30 days, the retention amounts of VC and chlorophyll are significantly higher than those of the untreated product, and the total colony count is also significantly lower than that of the untreated product.
Application example 3 method for fresh-keeping of prune by combining gas-controlled ionization and high-voltage electrostatic spraying film formation
5L of chitosan solution with the mass concentration of 1.5% is prepared and flows into the sterilizing liquid storage tank 2 through the liquid inlet valve 1. The nitrogen pressure regulating valve 8 and the liquid outlet valve 4 are opened, under the pushing of gravity and nitrogen pressure, the sterilizing liquid 3 enters the liquid filter 5 to filter out soluble macromolecules, and the liquid supply valve 11 and the negative high-voltage power supply 27 (the voltage set value is-50 kV) are opened, so that the sterilizing liquid 3 forms spray in the sterilizing box 10 through the atomizing needle 13 (the needle specification is 27G).
At the same time, the flow regulating valve 18 is opened to control O 2 Air-conditioning tank I16 and CO 2 The air flow of the air-conditioning tank II 17 enters the air mixing tank 20 according to the ratio of 3:1, and the air outlet valve 21 and the air supply valve 23 are opened, so that the mixed air passes through the ionization needle 25 (the needle specification is 34G) and then forms plasma in the sterilization box 10. And maintaining the parameters unchanged, and after stable atomization for 5min, adsorbing active groups of the low-temperature plasma on spray mist drops of the sterilizing liquid.
Then, 100kg of prune is washed and put on the raw material conveyer belt 7 in batches, and the prune is conveyed to the vibrating bed 14 in the sterilizing chamber 10 at a speed of 80kg/h, and the prune subjected to electrospray spraying and low-temperature plasma treatment enters the product conveying device 30, is dehydrated on the inner surface of the oven 28 and then is conveyed to the product collecting container 33. And in the prune treatment process, the vibrating bed 14 is started at the same time, the chitosan sterilizing liquid in the sterilizing liquid collecting tank 15 is recovered after 1h, and the chitosan concentration is detected and regulated to reach 5% mass fraction again, so that the prune can be recycled. Taking out electrospray processed product from product collecting container 33, subpackaging with plastic bags, placing 15kg of each bag into turnover plastic basket, and placing into 0-4deg.C refrigerator without electrospray processed prune (control sample) in the same packaging manner.
After 60 days of storage, the products were taken out of the refrigerator and tested, and the test results are shown in Table 3 below.
TABLE 3 comparison of prune gas-regulated ionization in conjunction with high-voltage electrostatic spray treatment and untreated storage quality
As can be seen from Table 3, the initial test results were consistent when the untreated product and the treated product were treated according to the present invention, and the treated product showed good weight loss, hardness and VC retention after 60 days, which were far superior to the untreated product, and the number of colonies generated was significantly smaller than that of the untreated product.
After the equipment disclosed by the invention is adopted to spray and form the film on agricultural products or fruit and vegetable products, the product is obviously different from products which are not sprayed to form the film from naked eyes, and the products after the film formation are brighter and attractive in color. The thickness of the film formed by the equipment is in the micron level, and compared with the film formed by the traditional dipping and drying or other film forming modes, the film forming equipment has more uniform film forming, so that the quality and the shelf life of products are obviously improved.
The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the design concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications according to the principles and design ideas of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An air-conditioning ionization cooperated high-voltage electrostatic spraying film forming device is characterized in that: comprises a liquid supply system, a sterilization box (10), a high-voltage electrostatic spraying system, a gas supply system, a plasma generating system, a high-voltage power supply (27), a conveying system, a dehydration system and a control cabinet (34);
the liquid supply system and the air supply system are respectively arranged at two sides of the sterilization box (10) and are communicated into the sterilization box (10); the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generation system are both positioned in the sterilization box (10), the liquid supply system is connected with the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system, and the air supply system is connected with the plasma generation system; the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generating system are connected with a high-voltage power supply (27) positioned outside the sterilizing box (10); the height of the plasma generating system is higher than that of the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system;
the conveying system passes through the sterilizing box (10) and is connected with the dehydration system; the conveying system is positioned below the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generating system;
the control cabinet (34) controls the start-stop and parameters of the whole system.
2. The air-conditioning ionization co-operation high-voltage electrostatic spray film forming device according to claim 1, wherein: the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generating system are in modularized design, and each module comprises a group of high-voltage electrostatic spraying system and plasma generating system; the liquid supply system and the gas supply system can be connected to a plurality of modules.
3. The air-conditioning ionization co-operation high-voltage electrostatic spray film forming device according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid supply system comprises a liquid storage tank (2), a liquid filter (5) and a nitrogen storage tank (9); the lower end of the liquid storage tank (2) is connected with the liquid filter (5), and the side wall of the upper end of the liquid storage tank (2) is communicated with the nitrogen storage tank (9);
the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system comprises an atomization needle (13) and an electrode rod (26); the liquid filter (5) is communicated into the sterilization box (10) through a pipeline; a plurality of atomizing needles (13) are arranged on the pipeline, a high-voltage power supply (27) is arranged on one side of the sterilizing box (10), and the high-voltage power supply (27) is connected with an electrode rod (26); a plurality of electrode rod holes are formed in the electrode rod (26); the atomizing needle head (13) passes through a through hole on the electrode rod (26) and is fixed;
the gas supply system comprises a gas regulating tank I (16), a gas regulating tank II (17), a gas mixing tank (20) and a gas filter (22); the air-conditioning tank I (16) and the air-conditioning tank II (17) are communicated into the air mixing tank (20) through pipelines; the gas mixing tank (20) is communicated with a gas filter (22); the gas filter (22) is communicated into the sterilization box (10) through a pipeline;
the plasma generation system is positioned inside the sterilization box (10), and comprises an ionization needle (25), an electrode rod (26) and a high-voltage power supply (27); a plurality of ionization needles (25) are arranged on the pipeline communicated with the gas filter (22), and the front section of each ionization needle (25) penetrates through a through hole of the electrode rod (26) and is fixed; the electrode rod (26) is connected with a high-voltage power supply (27);
the conveying system comprises a raw material conveying belt (7), a vibrating bed (14) and a sterilizing liquid collecting tank (15); the vibrating bed (14) and the sterilizing liquid collecting tank (15) are both positioned in the sterilizing box (10), and the sterilizing liquid collecting tank (15) is positioned below the vibrating bed (14); the raw material conveying belt (7) is positioned at one side of the sterilizing box (10) and is used for transferring the raw materials (6) to the vibrating bed (14);
the dehydration system comprises an oven (28), a blower (29), a product conveying device (30), a dehumidifier (31), a heater (32) and a product collecting container (33); a product conveying device (30) is arranged on the other side of the sterilization box (10), a drying oven (28) is arranged on the product conveying device, a blower (29) is arranged at the upper end of the drying oven (28), and a dehumidifier (31) and a heater (32) are arranged at the lower end of the drying oven (28); the other side of the product conveying device (30) is connected with a product collecting container (33) through a conveying belt;
the liquid supply system also comprises a liquid inlet valve (1), a liquid outlet valve (4) and a pressure regulating valve (8); the upper end of the liquid storage tank (2) is provided with a liquid inlet valve (1), and the lower end of the liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid outlet valve (4); the side wall of the liquid storage tank (2) is communicated with the nitrogen storage tank (9) through the pressure regulating valve (8).
4. The air-conditioning ionization co-operation high-voltage electrostatic spray film forming device according to claim 3, wherein: the gas supply system also comprises a flow regulating valve (18), a gas component sensor (19) and a gas outlet valve (21); the flow regulating valves (18) are arranged on pipelines, communicated with the gas mixing tank (20), of the gas regulating tank I (16) and the gas regulating tank II (17); the gas mixing tank (20) is provided with a gas component sensor (19), and the lower end of the gas mixing tank (20) is provided with a gas outlet valve (21).
5. The air-conditioning ionization co-operation high-voltage electrostatic spray film forming device according to claim 3, wherein: the high-voltage electrostatic spraying system further comprises a liquid supply valve (11) and a screw I (12); each atomizing needle head (13) is provided with a liquid supply valve (11) for controlling liquid discharge; the atomizing needle head (13) passes through the through hole of the electrode rod (26) and is fixed by a screw I (12);
the plasma generation system further comprises an air supply valve (23) and screws II (24), wherein the front section of each ionization needle head (25) penetrates through the through hole of the electrode rod (26) and is fixed through the screws II (24); an air supply valve (23) is also arranged on each ionization needle head (25).
6. The air-conditioning ionization co-operation high-voltage electrostatic spray film forming device according to claim 5, wherein: the atomizing needles (13) and the ionization needles (25) are alternately arranged and distributed.
7. The air-conditioning ionization co-operation high-voltage electrostatic spray film forming device according to claim 1, wherein: the voltage operation parameters of the positive/negative high-voltage power supply (27) are respectively set to be positive 50-100kV and negative 50-100kV.
8. The air-conditioning ionization co-operation high-voltage electrostatic spray film forming device according to claim 6, wherein: the electrode rods (26) are made of copper materials, are protected by adopting insulating shrinkage materials, are 50-100cm long and 10-14cm in diameter, are processed into perforations in the middle, have the aperture of 7.6-8.0mm and have the aperture distance of 1cm, and are processed into wire holes at the vertical positions of the perforation and have the aperture of 3-5mm;
preferably, the number of the atomizing needles and the ionization needles mounted on the single-row electrode rods is 20-30, and the distance between the metal needles is more than 3cm.
9. The air-conditioning ionization co-operation high-voltage electrostatic spray film forming device according to claim 1, wherein: the sterilization box (10) is designed into a modularized structure, and the total number of the electrostatic spraying system and the plasma generating system in a single sterilization chamber is 20-25.
10. The application of the air-conditioning ionization cooperated high-voltage electrostatic spraying film forming device is characterized in that:
the sterilizing liquid (3) is input into the liquid storage tank (2) through the liquid inlet valve (1), the pressure regulating valve (8) connected with the side wall of the liquid storage tank (2) is regulated, so that nitrogen in the nitrogen storage tank (9) enters the liquid supply system, the sterilizing liquid is pushed by the nitrogen to be filtered by the liquid filter (5), substances unsuitable for electrospray are retained, and then the substances enter the liquid supply valve (11) and the atomizing needle head (13) in sequence through pipelines;
a high-voltage power supply (27) is regulated, voltage is applied to the electrode rod (26), and the sterilizing liquid (3) flows out of the atomizing needle under the action of air pressure pushing and an electric field to form charged fog drops; simultaneously, gas is conveyed into a gas mixing tank (20) through a gas regulating tank I (16) and a gas regulating tank II (17), the gas component proportion in the gas mixing tank (20) is detected by a gas component sensor (19), the gas in the gas mixing tank (20) is regulated through a flow regulating valve (18), and the gas enters an ionization needle (25) through a gas filter (22) and a gas supply valve (23);
regulating a high-voltage power supply (27), applying voltage to the electrode rod (26), and ionizing the mixed gas at the outlet of the ionization needle (25) to form plasma; meanwhile, air in the sterilization box (10) is ionized at the outlet of the ionization needle head (25), raw materials (6) are conveyed to the sterilization box (10) through a raw material conveying belt (7), are subjected to plasma sterilization, charged fog drop spraying and sterilization, are conveyed to an oven (28) through a vibrating bed conveyor (14), and are conveyed to a product collecting container (33) through a product conveying device (30) after surface dehydration; the sterilizing liquid (3) which is not sprayed on the surface of the fruit and vegetable raw material is guided into a sterilizing liquid collecting tank (15) through a vibrating bed (14), and the recycling of the sterilizing liquid (3) is completed.
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