CN116098567B

CN116098567B - Retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery

Info

Publication number: CN116098567B
Application number: CN202310373567.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐荣冰; 刘嘉怡; 何等旗
Original assignee: Lanzhou University
Current assignee: Lanzhou University
Priority date: 2023-04-10
Filing date: 2023-04-10
Publication date: 2023-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 2043-04-10
Also published as: CN116098567A

Abstract

The invention discloses a retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery, which comprises a sleeper, a longitudinal traction component and a transverse traction component, wherein a head and neck groove is formed in the top end of the sleeper, the longitudinal traction component and the transverse traction component are both arranged on the sleeper, the transverse traction component comprises a facial profile fitting unit, a flexible traction unit and a left and right sliding unit, the left and right sliding unit is arranged on the sleeper, the facial profile fitting unit is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sliding unit, the flexible traction unit is arranged on the facial profile fitting unit, and the facial profile fitting unit comprises a U-shaped sliding base plate, a lower sleeper, an upper suspension rod, a fitting electric telescopic rod and a deformation fitting ruler. The invention relates to the technical field of oral and maxillofacial surgery, in particular to a retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery, which comprises a facial contour fitting unit and a flexible traction unit.

Description

Retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oral and maxillofacial surgery, in particular to a retractor for oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Background

Oral maxillofacial surgery is a subject mainly taking surgical treatment and researching the prevention and treatment of certain related diseases of oral organs, facial soft tissues, maxillofacial bones, temporomandibular joints, salivary glands and neck. In the case of oral maxillofacial surgery, since the lips of the patient interfere with surgical instruments, the lips of the patient need to be retracted by using a retractor to expand the mouth of the patient, so that the inside of the oral cavity can be operated.

One patent document with application number 2018103553230 discloses a special retractor for oral surgery, comprising a pulling assembly comprising a handle, a neck, a pressure-reducing silicone sleeve, a pressure-reducing portion and a pulling hook portion. Although the technical scheme that this application was documented can realize pulling back to four sides about the oral cavity and both sides, but pull the subassembly whole and be rectangular shape, pull the movable range of hook portion and in a plane and do not coincide with patient's facial profile, consequently can pull patient's facial muscle outward when pulling back patient's opening angle to aggravate the sense of tearing and pain of patient's face.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a retractor for oromaxillofacial surgery to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, and to solve the problem that the movement range of the traction hook is in one plane and does not coincide with the facial contour of the patient, so that the facial muscle of the patient can be pulled outwards while the oral angle of the patient is retracted, thereby exacerbating the tearing feeling and pain of the face of the patient.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a dental surgery is with tractive ware, includes sleeper, vertical traction component and the horizontal traction component that the symmetry set up, the neck groove has been seted up on sleeper top, vertical traction component and horizontal traction component all locate on the sleeper, horizontal traction component includes facial profile fitting unit, flexible traction unit and control unit that slides, control the unit and locate on the sleeper, facial profile fitting unit symmetry locates control on the unit that slides, flexible traction unit locates on the facial profile fitting unit, facial profile fitting unit includes U-shaped slide backing plate, down lying bar, goes up the hanging bar, fits electric telescopic handle and deformation fit chi, U-shaped slide backing plate slides and locates on the sleeper, down lying bar is fixed to be located on the U-shaped slide backing plate, it is located sleeper top to go up the hanging bar, go up hanging bar and down lying bar one end all rotate and be equipped with the connecting seat, electric telescopic handle is fixed to locate between two connecting seats, it is equipped with the sleeve pipe to go up the hanging bar and down lying bar other end all rotate, fit between the sleeve pipe is fixed to locate two deformation fit chi.

Further, the horizontal traction assembly further comprises a double-locking driving unit, the double-locking driving unit is arranged on the U-shaped sliding base plate, the double-locking driving unit comprises a driving block, a transmission block, a hook-shaped rod, a connecting pull rope, a small nut seat, a small compression bolt and a traction grab handle, the driving block is arranged on the U-shaped sliding base plate in a sliding mode and sleeved on the lower lying rod, the transmission block is positioned on the right side of the driving block, a rectangular groove is formed in the lower lying rod, the hook-shaped rods are arranged in the two rectangular grooves, the two hook-shaped rods are arranged in a 180-degree overturning mode and are respectively and fixedly arranged on the driving block and the transmission block, the connecting pull rope is fixedly arranged between the two hook-shaped rods, the small nut seat is arranged in the two and is respectively and fixedly arranged on the side faces of the driving block and the transmission block, the small compression bolt is arranged in the small nut seat in a threaded mode and is attached on the U-shaped sliding base plate, and the traction grab handle is fixedly arranged on the top of the driving block.

Further, the flexible traction unit comprises a limiting ring, ropes and a transverse traction hook, a plurality of groups of supporting legs are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the deformation fitting ruler in a linear array mode, the limiting ring is provided with a plurality of groups and is fixedly arranged on the supporting legs one by one, one end, close to the driving block, of the U-shaped sliding base plate is provided with an avoidance notch, the driving block is provided with an avoidance hole, the ropes penetrate through the avoidance hole and the plurality of groups of limiting rings and are fixedly arranged on the driving block, and the transverse traction hook is fixedly arranged at one end of the ropes and is located above the head and neck groove.

Further, the horizontal traction component further comprises a loosening warning unit, the loosening warning unit comprises a tension sensor, a warning pull rope and an indicator lamp, the tension sensor is fixedly arranged on one hook-shaped rod, the warning pull rope is fixedly arranged between the other hook-shaped rod and the tension sensor, and the indicator lamp is fixedly arranged on the lying pillow and is electrically connected with the tension sensor.

Further, the left and right sliding units comprise a rotating shaft, a rotating disc, a transmission handle and a U-shaped connecting frame, a rotating accommodating cavity is formed in the sleeper, the rotating shaft is rotated to penetrate through the top of the sleeper and extends into the rotating accommodating cavity, the rotating disc is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft and located in the rotating accommodating cavity, the two transmission handles are arranged in a 180-degree overturning mode and are all hinged to the rotating disc, the U-shaped connecting frames are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sleeper in a sliding mode, one end of each U-shaped connecting frame is inserted into the sleeper and hinged to the transmission handle, and the other end of each U-shaped connecting frame is fixedly arranged on a U-shaped sliding base plate.

Further, vertical pulling assembly includes lift electric telescopic handle, lifting support, torsion axle, crooked rocking arm, vertical pulling rod, vertical pulling collude, L shape big nut seat and big hold-down bolt, the lift holds the chamber in the sleeper has been seted up, the sleeper tail end symmetry seted up with the lift and hold the lift waist groove that the chamber communicates, lift electric telescopic handle is fixed to be located in the lift holds the chamber, the lifting support is fixed to be located lift electric telescopic handle top, the torsion axle passes lift waist groove and symmetry rotation locates the lifting support both sides, crooked rocking arm is equipped with two and one-to-one fixed locate torsion axle, two crooked rocking arm tops are laminated each other and are connected, vertical pulling rod is equipped with two and one-to-one sliding block locates two crooked rocking arm tops, vertical pulling collude is equipped with two and one-to-one fixed locates vertical pulling rod one end, vertical pulling collude is located the neck groove top, L shape big nut seat is fixed locates one crooked top, big hold-down bolt passes crooked rocking arm top and locates on the vertical pulling rod, crooked rocking arm top and laminating, two is located on the big rocking arm through L shape screw bolt.

Further, the front end of the longitudinal traction hook is symmetrically and fixedly provided with two arc-shaped opening baffle plates.

Further, the left-right sliding unit further comprises a ring head sliding rod and a synchronous sliding rod, the ring head sliding rod is fixedly arranged in the middle of the U-shaped connecting frame and is in sliding connection with the side face of the sleeper, lateral sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in two sides of the sleeper, and the synchronous sliding rod is slidably arranged in the lateral sliding grooves and is fixedly arranged on the ring head sliding rod.

Further, the loop head slide bars are provided with a plurality of groups, and the loop head slide bars are arranged in a linear array.

Further, a plurality of groups of cotton core cushion blocks are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the deformation fitting ruler.

The beneficial effects obtained by the invention by adopting the structure are as follows:

1. the face contour fitting unit is arranged, the lower lying rod and the upper hanging rod are driven to be close to each other through the contraction action of the fitting electric telescopic rod, so that the deformation fitting ruler can be extruded, the deformation fitting ruler is enabled to be increased to a proper range to be attached to the face contour of a patient, preparation is made for the use of the follow-up flexible pulling unit, the transverse pulling hook is enabled to pull the mouth angle outwards in the direction of attaching the face contour of the patient as much as possible, and the tearing sense and pain of the face of the patient are reduced.

2. The invention is provided with the double-locking driving unit and the loosening warning unit, when the driving block drives the transmission block to move, the connecting pull rope and the warning pull rope between the two hook-shaped rods can be kept in a tight state, and the tension sensor is kept in a specific reading range, and after the driving block and the transmission block are locked through the small compression bolt, if the mouth angle of a patient is unstable to pull and the rope pulls the transmission block to retract and slide, the warning pull rope can be gradually loosened, and the condition that the rope is loosened through the electric connection relation between the tension sensor and the indication lamp is informed to a doctor, so that the influence on the operation caused by poor pulling effect of the transverse pulling hook on the mouth angle of the patient in the operation process is avoided.

3. The invention is provided with the longitudinal traction component comprising two groups of longitudinal traction hooks, and the front ends of the longitudinal traction hooks are symmetrically provided with the arc-shaped opening baffle plates, so that the two groups of longitudinal traction hooks can respectively execute actions of pushing the upper lip and traction the lower lip.

4. The invention is provided with the left and right sliding units comprising the annular head sliding rod and the synchronous sliding rod, the left and right sliding units optimize the structural layout on the basis of realizing the synchronous relative movement of the two groups of U-shaped sliding base plates, most parts of the left and right sliding units are contained in the sleeping pillow, and enough operation space is reserved above the sleeping pillow.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a retractor for oromaxillofacial surgery according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of the sleeper of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the sleeper of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a sectional structure of the sleeper of the present invention in the A-A direction;

fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a lateral pulling assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the components of the U-shaped sliding pad of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of another view of the components of the U-shaped sliding pad of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion B of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a portion of a dual lock drive unit according to the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a longitudinal pulling assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion C of FIG. 10 in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 12 is an enlarged view of a portion D of fig. 10 in accordance with the present invention.

Wherein 1, lying pillow, 101, head and neck groove, 102, rotation accommodation cavity, 103, lifting accommodation cavity, 104, lifting waist groove, 105, lateral chute, 2, longitudinal traction component, 201, lifting electric telescopic rod, 202, lifting bracket, 203, torsion shaft, 204, bending rotary arm, 205, longitudinal traction rod, 206, longitudinal traction hook, 207, arc-shaped spreading baffle, 208, L-shaped big nut seat, 209, big compression bolt, 3, transverse traction component, 4, facial contour fitting unit, 401, U-shaped sliding pad, 402, lower lying rod, 403, upper suspension rod, 404, connecting seat, 405, fitting electric telescopic rod, 406, sleeve, 407, deformation fitting ruler, 408, cotton core cushion blocks, 409, avoidance notches, 5, double-locking driving units, 501, driving blocks, 502, transmission blocks, 503, rectangular grooves, 504, hook-shaped rods, 505, connection pull ropes, 506, small nut seats, 507, small compression bolts, 508, traction handles, 509, avoidance holes, 6, flexible traction units, 601, limiting rings, 602, supporting feet, 603, ropes, 604, transverse traction hooks, 7, loosening warning units, 701, tension sensors, 702, warning pull ropes, 703, indicator lamps, 8, left and right sliding units, 801, rotating shafts, 802, turntables, 803, transmission handles, 804, U-shaped connecting frames, 805, loop head sliding rods, 806 and synchronous sliding rods.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention; all other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-12, the retractor for oral maxillofacial surgery comprises a sleeper 1, a longitudinal traction component 2 and a symmetrically arranged transverse traction component 3, wherein a head and neck groove 101 is formed in the top end of the sleeper 1, the longitudinal traction component 2 and the transverse traction component 3 are both arranged on the sleeper 1, the transverse traction component 3 comprises a facial profile fitting unit 4, a flexible traction unit 6 and a left and right sliding unit 8, the left and right sliding unit 8 is arranged on the sleeper 1, the facial profile fitting unit 4 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sliding unit 8, the flexible traction unit 6 is arranged on the facial profile fitting unit 4, the facial profile fitting unit 4 comprises a U-shaped sliding base plate 401, a lower sleeper 402, an upper suspension rod 403, a fitting electric telescopic rod 405 and a deformation fitting ruler 407, the U-shaped sliding base plate 401 is slidingly arranged on the sleeper 1, the lower sleeper 402 is fixedly arranged on the U-shaped sliding base plate 401, the upper rod 403 is arranged above the sleeper 1, one ends of the upper suspension rod 403 and the lower sleeper 402 are respectively rotatably provided with a connecting seat 404, the fitting electric telescopic rod 405 is fixedly arranged between the two connecting seats 403, the upper suspension rod 403 and the lower sleeper 402 are respectively provided with two sleeve pipes and the other ends of the two connecting seats 406 are rotatably provided with a deformation fitting sleeve pipe.

As shown in fig. 6-9, the transverse pulling assembly 3 further includes a double-locking driving unit 5, the double-locking driving unit 5 is disposed on the U-shaped sliding pad 401, the double-locking driving unit 5 includes a driving block 501, a transmission block 502, a hook-shaped rod 504, a connection pull rope 505, a small nut seat 506, a small compression bolt 507 and a pulling handle 508, the driving block 501 is slidably disposed on the U-shaped sliding pad 401 and sleeved on the lower lying bar 402, the transmission block 502 is disposed on the right side of the driving block 501, a rectangular slot 503 is formed in the lower lying bar 402, the hook-shaped rods 504 are disposed in two and disposed in the rectangular slot 503, the two hook-shaped rods 504 are disposed in a 180 ° turnover manner and are respectively fixedly disposed on the driving block 501 and the transmission block 502, the connection pull rope 505 is fixedly disposed between the two hook-shaped rods 504, the small nut seat 506 is disposed in two and respectively fixedly disposed on sides of the driving block 501 and the transmission block 502, the small compression bolt 507 is disposed in the small nut seat 506 and is disposed on the U-shaped sliding pad 401 and is bonded on the U-shaped sliding pad 401, and the top end of the driving block 508 is fixedly disposed on the pulling handle 508.

As shown in fig. 6-8, the flexible pulling unit 6 includes a limiting ring 601, a rope 603 and a plurality of groups of transverse pulling hooks 604, a plurality of groups of supporting legs 602 are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the deformation fitting ruler 407 in a linear array, the limiting ring 601 is provided with a plurality of groups and is fixedly arranged on the supporting legs 602 one by one, an avoidance notch 409 is formed in one end, close to the driving block 501, of the U-shaped sliding pad 401, an avoidance hole 509 is formed in the driving block 501, the rope 603 penetrates through the avoidance hole 509 and the plurality of groups of limiting rings 601 and is fixedly arranged on the driving block 502, and the transverse pulling hooks 604 are fixedly arranged at one end of the rope 603 and are positioned above the head and neck groove 101.

As shown in fig. 1 and 9, the transverse pulling assembly 3 further includes a loosening warning unit 7, the loosening warning unit 7 includes a tension sensor 701, a warning pull rope 702 and an indicator lamp 703, the tension sensor 701 is fixedly disposed on one hook-shaped rod 504, the warning pull rope 702 is fixedly disposed between the other hook-shaped rod 504 and the tension sensor 701, and the indicator lamp 703 is fixedly disposed on the sleeper 1 and electrically connected with the tension sensor 701.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the left-right sliding unit 8 comprises a rotating shaft 801, a rotating disc 802, transmission handles 803 and a U-shaped connecting frame 804, a rotating accommodating cavity 102 is formed in the sleeper 1, the rotating shaft 801 rotates to penetrate through the top of the sleeper 1 and extends into the rotating accommodating cavity 102, the rotating disc 802 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 801 and is positioned in the rotating accommodating cavity 102, the transmission handles 803 are two, the two transmission handles 803 are arranged in a 180-degree turnover manner and are all hinged to the rotating disc 802, the U-shaped connecting frame 804 is symmetrically and slidably arranged on two sides of the sleeper 1, one end of the U-shaped connecting frame 804 is inserted into the sleeper 1 and is hinged to the transmission handle 803, and the other end of the U-shaped connecting frame 804 is fixedly arranged on the U-shaped sliding base plate 401.

As shown in fig. 5, the left-right sliding unit 8 further includes a loop slider bar 805 and a synchronous slider bar 806, the loop slider bar 805 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the U-shaped connecting frame 804 and is slidably inserted in the side of the sleeper 1, lateral sliding grooves 105 are symmetrically formed in two sides of the sleeper 1, and the synchronous slider bar 806 is slidably arranged in the lateral sliding grooves 105 and is fixedly arranged on the loop slider bar 805.

As shown in FIG. 5, the loop head slide bar 805 is provided with a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of loop head slide bars 805 are arranged in a linear array.

As shown in fig. 2, 10, 11 and 12, the longitudinal pulling assembly 2 includes a lifting electric telescopic rod 201, a lifting support 202, torsion shafts 203, bending rotating arms 204, a longitudinal pulling rod 205, a longitudinal pulling hook 206, L-shaped large nut seats 208 and large compression bolts 209, a lifting accommodating cavity 103 is formed in the sleeper 1, lifting waist grooves 104 communicated with the lifting accommodating cavity 103 are symmetrically formed at the tail end of the sleeper 1, the lifting electric telescopic rod 201 is fixedly arranged in the lifting accommodating cavity 103, the lifting support 202 is fixedly arranged at the top ends of the lifting electric telescopic rod 201, the torsion shafts 203 penetrate through the lifting waist grooves 104 and are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the lifting support 202 in a rotating mode, the bending rotating arms 204 are provided with two and are fixedly arranged on the torsion shafts 203 one by one, the top ends of the two bending rotating arms 204 are mutually attached and connected, the longitudinal pulling rod 205 is provided with the two and one by one sliding and clamping the top ends of the two bending rotating arms 204, the longitudinal pulling hook 206 is provided with two and one by one fixed at one end of the longitudinal pulling rod 205, the longitudinal pulling hook 206 is located above the head and neck groove 101, the L-shaped large nut seats 208 are fixedly arranged above one bending rotating arm 204, the large nut seats 208 are symmetrically arranged at the top ends of the large compression bolts 208, and the large compression bolts 209 are connected with the large compression bolts 209 through the bending rotating shafts.

As shown in fig. 11, two arc-shaped opening blocking pieces 207 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged at the front end of the longitudinal pulling hook 206.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a plurality of groups of cotton core cushion blocks 408 are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the deformation fitting ruler 407, and the cotton core cushion blocks 408 are used for avoiding uncomfortable feeling caused by direct contact between the deformation fitting ruler 407 and the face of a patient.

In particular use, a healthcare worker pulls the two sets of curved arms 204 outwardly and leaves a space above the sleeper 1 for a patient to lie on his head in the head and neck channel 101. After the medical staff loosens hands, the two groups of bending rotating arms 204 are driven by the torsion shaft 203 to be close to and attached to the upper portion of the neck of the patient again, a doctor controls the lifting electric telescopic rod 201 to shrink, the longitudinal pulling hooks 206 are lowered to a proper height, the doctor holds the tail ends of the two groups of longitudinal pulling rods 205 by two hands and respectively pushes and pulls the tail ends of the two groups of longitudinal pulling rods 205, one group of longitudinal pulling hooks 206 pulls the lower lip of the patient, the arc-shaped opening baffle 207 on the other group of longitudinal pulling hooks 206 pushes the upper lip of the patient, and the large pressing bolts 209 are tightly pressed on the two groups of longitudinal pulling rods 205 by screwing the large pressing bolts 209 in the L-shaped large nut seat 208 to finish the longitudinal pulling of the oral cavity of the patient.

Then, the doctor rotates the rotating shaft 801, and drives the two groups of U-shaped connecting frames 804 to approach or separate from each other through the connection effect of the rotation of the rotating disc 802 and the transmission handle 803, and drives the two groups of U-shaped sliding pad 401 to move on the left side and the right side of the face of the patient. When the U-shaped sliding pad 401 moves to a proper position, the transverse pulling hook 604 is firstly placed at the mouth corner of a patient (at the moment, the rope 603 is in a loose state), then the fitting electric telescopic rod 405 is controlled to shrink, the distance between the lower lying rod 402 and the upper hanging rod 403 is shortened, and the deformation fitting ruler 407 is promoted to increase the deformation amount, so that the fitting electric telescopic rod is fitted to the facial contour of the patient as much as possible.

After completing the fitting of the patient's facial contours, the physician pushes the active block 501 toward the patient's neck by pulling on the grip 508. In this process, due to the arrangement of the connection stay 505 and the two sets of hook-shaped rods 504, the hook-shaped rods 504 connected with the driving block 501 will gradually tighten the connection stay 505 during the moving process (the warning stay 702 will tighten along with the connection stay 505, and the tension sensor 701 with larger tension value will control the indicator 703 to be in a normal state), and further drive the driving block 502 and the other set of hook-shaped rods 504 to perform the sliding movement in the same direction through the connection stay 505 in the tightened state, so that the rope 603 on the driving block 502 will be gradually tightened and retract the mouth angle of the patient through the transverse pulling hook 604. Because of the constraint effect of the plurality of groups of limiting rings 601 on the deformation fitting ruler 407 on the rope 603, the rope 603 can move along a curve track similar to the contour of the face of the patient when driving the transverse pulling hook 604 to move, so that the transverse pulling hook 604 pulls the mouth angle outwards in the direction of fitting the contour of the face of the patient as much as possible, and the tearing sense and pain of the face of the patient are reduced. After the transverse mouth angle pulling is completed, the doctor screws the driving block 501 and the two groups of small pressing bolts 507 on the transmission block 502 to complete the fixation.

In the operation process, if the positioning effect between the small compression bolt 507 on the side surface of the transmission block 502 and the U-shaped sliding pad 401 is poor, or if a doctor touches a medical instrument by mistake, the transverse pulling hook 604 at the mouth corner of the patient can be loosened and influence the subsequent operation process. At this time, the loosening of the transverse pulling hook 604 drives the driving block 502 to slide toward the neck of the patient through the connection of the rope 603. The driving block 501 and the rope 603 only have a passing relation at the avoiding hole 509, so the driving block 501 is not pulled reversely, the connection pull rope 505 and the warning pull rope 702 between the driving block 501 and the transmission block 502 are gradually loosened, the tension sensor 701 can transmit the tension change of the warning pull rope 702 to the indicator lamp 703, the indicator lamp 703 enters a warning state (lights or changes color) from a normal state and prompts a doctor, and the problem that the positioning effect of the mouth angle of a patient and the subsequent operation progress are affected due to the continuous loosening of the transverse pulling hook 604 is avoided.

It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

While the fundamental and principal features of the invention and advantages of the invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a tractor for oral cavity maxillofacial surgery, includes sleeper (1), vertical tractive subassembly (2), its characterized in that: the horizontal traction device is characterized by further comprising a horizontal traction component (3) which is symmetrically arranged, wherein the top end of the sleeper (1) is provided with a head and neck groove (101), the longitudinal traction component (2) and the horizontal traction component (3) are arranged on the sleeper (1), the horizontal traction component (3) comprises a face profile fitting unit (4), a flexible traction unit (6) and a left and right sliding unit (8), the left and right sliding unit (8) is arranged on the sleeper (1), the face profile fitting unit (4) is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sliding unit (8), the flexible traction unit (6) is arranged on the face profile fitting unit (4), the face profile fitting unit (4) comprises a U-shaped sliding base plate (401), a lower lying rod (402), an upper lying rod (403), an electric telescopic rod (405) and a deformation fitting ruler (407), the U-shaped sliding base plate (401) is arranged on the sleeper (1) in a sliding mode, the lower lying rod (402) is fixedly arranged on the U-shaped sliding base plate (401), the upper lying rod (403) is arranged above the electric telescopic rod (403) and is arranged between the two electric telescopic rods (404) in a rotating mode, and the electric telescopic rod (404) is connected with one end of the sleeper (404), the other ends of the upper suspension rod (403) and the lower horizontal rod (402) are respectively provided with a sleeve (406) in a rotating mode, and the deformation fitting ruler (407) is fixedly arranged between the two sleeves (406);

the transverse traction assembly (3) further comprises a double-locking driving unit (5), the double-locking driving unit (5) is arranged on the U-shaped sliding base plate (401), the double-locking driving unit (5) comprises a driving block (501), a transmission block (502), a hook-shaped rod (504), a connecting pull rope (505), a small nut seat (506), a small compression bolt (507) and a traction grab handle (508), the driving block (501) is arranged on the U-shaped sliding base plate (401) in a sliding mode and sleeved on the lower horizontal rod (402), the transmission block (502) is located on the right side of the driving block (501), a rectangular groove (503) is formed in the lower horizontal rod (402), the hook-shaped rods (504) are arranged in two and are arranged in the rectangular groove (503), the two hook-shaped rods (504) are arranged in a 180-degree overturning mode and are respectively fixedly arranged on the driving block (502) and the transmission block (502), the connecting pull rope (505) is fixedly arranged between the two hook-shaped rods (504) and the two small nut seats (506) are respectively arranged on the two side faces of the driving block (502), the small compression bolt (507) is arranged in the small nut seat (506) in a threaded connection mode and is attached to the U-shaped sliding base plate (401), and the traction grab handle (508) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the driving block (501);

the flexible traction unit (6) comprises a limiting ring (601), ropes (603) and transverse traction hooks (604), a plurality of groups of supporting legs (602) are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the deformation fitting ruler (407) in a linear array mode, the limiting ring (601) is provided with a plurality of groups and is fixedly arranged on the supporting legs (602) one by one, one end, close to the driving block (501), of the U-shaped sliding base plate (401) is provided with an avoidance notch (409), the driving block (501) is provided with an avoidance hole (509), the ropes (603) penetrate through the avoidance hole (509) and the plurality of groups of limiting rings (601) and are fixedly arranged on the driving block (502), and the transverse traction hooks (604) are fixedly arranged at one end of the ropes (603) and are positioned above the head and neck groove (101);

the transverse traction assembly (3) further comprises a loosening warning unit (7), the loosening warning unit (7) comprises a tension sensor (701), a warning pull rope (702) and an indicator lamp (703), the tension sensor (701) is fixedly arranged on one hook-shaped rod (504), the warning pull rope (702) is fixedly arranged between the other hook-shaped rod (504) and the tension sensor (701), and the indicator lamp (703) is fixedly arranged on the sleeper (1) and is electrically connected with the tension sensor (701);

the left-right sliding unit (8) comprises a rotating shaft (801), a rotating disc (802), a transmission handle (803) and U-shaped connecting frames (804), wherein a rotating accommodating cavity (102) is formed in the sleeper (1), the rotating shaft (801) is arranged at the top of the sleeper (1) in a penetrating mode and extends into the rotating accommodating cavity (102), the rotating disc (802) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (801) and is positioned in the rotating accommodating cavity (102), the two transmission handles (803) are arranged in a 180-degree overturning mode and are hinged to the rotating disc (802), the U-shaped connecting frames (804) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sleeper (1) in a sliding mode, one end of each U-shaped connecting frame (804) is inserted into the sleeper (1) in a hinged mode, the other end of each U-shaped connecting frame (804) is fixedly arranged on a U-shaped sliding base plate (401);

the vertical traction component (2) comprises a lifting electric telescopic rod (201), a lifting bracket (202), a torsion shaft (203), a bending rotary arm (204), a vertical traction rod (205), a vertical traction hook (206), an L-shaped large nut seat (208) and a large compression bolt (209), wherein a lifting accommodating cavity (103) is formed in the sleeper (1), lifting waist grooves (104) communicated with the lifting accommodating cavity (103) are symmetrically formed at the tail end of the sleeper (1), the lifting electric telescopic rod (201) is fixedly arranged in the lifting accommodating cavity (103), the lifting bracket (202) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the lifting electric telescopic rod (201), the torsion shaft (203) penetrates through the lifting waist grooves (104) and is symmetrically and rotationally arranged at two sides of the lifting bracket (202), the top ends of the bending rotary arms (204) are fixedly arranged on the torsion shaft (203) in a one-to-one mode, the top ends of the two bending rotary arms (204) are mutually attached and connected in a one-to-one mode, the vertical traction rod (205) is provided with two bending rotary arms (204) in a one-to-one mode, the top ends of the two bending rotary arms (204) are fixedly arranged on the two bending rotary arms (206) in a one-to one mode, the vertical traction rod (206) is fixedly arranged on one side of the two bending rotary arms (208) and fixedly arranged on one side of the vertical traction seat (208), the large compression bolt (209) passes through the top end of the bending rotating arm (204) and is attached to the longitudinal traction rod (205), and the large compression bolt (209) is arranged in the L-shaped large nut seat (208) through threaded connection;

two arc-shaped opening baffle plates (207) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged at the front end of the longitudinal traction hook (206);

the left-right sliding unit (8) further comprises a ring head sliding rod (805) and a synchronous sliding rod (806), the ring head sliding rod (805) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the U-shaped connecting frame (804) and is in sliding connection with the side face of the sleeper (1), lateral sliding grooves (105) are symmetrically formed in two sides of the sleeper (1), and the synchronous sliding rod (806) is slidably arranged in the lateral sliding grooves (105) and is fixedly arranged on the ring head sliding rod (805);

the annular head slide bars (805) are provided with a plurality of groups, and the annular head slide bars (805) are arranged in a linear array;

and a plurality of groups of cotton core cushion blocks (408) are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the deformation fitting ruler (407).