CN116094368A - Vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device and method based on double-side reflection structure - Google Patents
Vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device and method based on double-side reflection structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device and method based on a double-side reflection structure belong to the technical field of thermoelectric power generation. The invention solves the problems of limited sunlight receiving capacity of the hot end of the thermoelectric device, large occupied area of the device, low space utilization rate and unfavorable large-scale expansion application in the prior art. The solar high-reflection plate and the infrared high-reflection plate are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the thermoelectric power generation plate, the solar high-reflection plate and the infrared high-reflection plate form a V-shaped reflection system or a parabolic cylinder-shaped reflection system, the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation device face the sky respectively by utilizing the double-side reflection structure, so that the receiving capacity of the hot end for sunlight can be improved, the cold end can be ensured to face the sky and the deep-cooling space for radiation refrigeration, and all-weather passive power generation by simultaneously utilizing solar heat energy and a deep-space cold source is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device and method, in particular to a vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device and method based on a double-side reflection structure, and belongs to the technical field of thermoelectric power generation.
Background
The thermoelectric power generation technology is a novel power generation technology which has no noise and no pollution and can realize energy conversion, and the principle of the thermoelectric power generation technology is that the Seebeck effect (Seebeck effect) is utilized, and the thermoelectric power generation technology is also called a first thermoelectric effect, namely a thermoelectric phenomenon of potential difference between two substances caused by temperature difference of two different electric conductors or semiconductors, and macroscopic appearance is that heat energy is directly converted into electric energy. The development of thermoelectric power generation technology has great significance in reducing environmental problems caused by the traditional power generation technology. However, the current thermoelectric generation technology has some disadvantages: on one hand, most of the existing thermoelectric power generation technologies need to be externally connected with a cold source or a heat source, and a thermoelectric power generation device with cold end and hot end for active input is needed, so that the maintenance cost of the device is greatly increased, and the application range of the device is limited; on the other hand, a passive thermoelectric power generation device using the sun as a heat source or a deep-cooling space as a cold source recently appears, and the device solves the problems of external cold and heat sources, but can only realize the power generation in the daytime or at night, and cannot realize the continuous power generation in the whole day.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, patent publication No. CN110138277a discloses a thermoelectric power generation device based on radiation refrigeration and absorption of solar energy. In the device, a semiconductor thermoelectric device is used as a main body and is parallel to the ground, and a radiation cooling film and a carbon nano particle film are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the thermoelectric power generation device to respectively form a cold end and a hot end of the thermoelectric device. The radiation cooling film at the cold end faces the sky to carry out radiation refrigeration, and the carbon nano particle film at the hot end absorbs solar energy reflected by the reflecting mirror arranged below the carbon nano particle film. In daytime, the cold and hot ends of the structure respectively perform radiation refrigeration and solar heat energy absorption to form a temperature difference; at night, the cold end of the structure performs radiation refrigeration to enable the temperature of the cold end to be lower than the temperature of the hot end to form a temperature difference, and passive power generation for 24 hours in the whole day can be realized. However, this type of flat structure still has some drawbacks and limitations: 1) The solar light receiving capacity of the hot end is relatively limited. Since the thermoelectric devices are placed parallel to the ground in this configuration, the thermoelectric generators are only able to receive part of the sunlight reflected by the mirrors parallel to the hot end of the ground. On one hand, the device has a limited sunlight receiving angle range, so that when the area of the thermoelectric device placed in parallel with the ground is large, a part of the area can not receive sunlight; on the other hand, the device cannot directly receive the energy irradiated by sunlight, the reflected sunlight is received to cause the loss of the incident energy, so that the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation device cannot more efficiently utilize the solar energy, and the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end is smaller to influence the generated power. 2) The structure is placed in parallel with the ground, and the occupied area is positively related to the area of the cold and hot ends of the thermoelectric device. When the power generation scale is required to be enlarged, more thermoelectric power generation modules can be paved in the direction parallel to the ground, so that the occupied area is relatively large, the space utilization rate is low, and the large-scale expansion application of the thermoelectric power generation device is not facilitated.
Therefore, the passive thermoelectric power generation device which can further improve the sunlight receiving capacity of the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation device, further improve the total power generation of the device, has higher space utilization rate and small occupied area and is convenient for large-scale expansion application is a technical problem to be solved by the skilled person.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the facts, the invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the receiving capability of a thermoelectric device hot end to sunlight is limited, the occupied area of the device is large, the space utilization rate is low, and the large-scale expansion application is not facilitated, and further provides a vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device and a vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation method based on a double-side reflection structure. The invention utilizes the double-side reflection structure to respectively realize that the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation device face the sky, thereby not only improving the receiving capability of the hot end to sunlight, but also ensuring that the cold end faces the sky and the deep cooling space to carry out radiation refrigeration so as to realize all-weather passive power generation by simultaneously utilizing solar heat energy and a deep cooling source.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
scheme one: a vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on a double-side reflection structure comprises a sunlight high-reflection plate, a thermoelectric power generation plate, an infrared high-reflection plate and a base; the solar high-reflection plate and the infrared high-reflection plate form a reflection system, and the reflection system is a V-shaped reflection system or a parabolic cylinder-shaped reflection system;
the bottom end of the thermoelectric generation plate is fixed on the base, and the thermoelectric generation plate is vertical to the ground;
the solar high-reflection plate and the infrared high-reflection plate are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the thermoelectric generation plate, a certain angle is formed between the solar high-reflection plate and the infrared high-reflection plate and between the solar high-reflection plate and the thermoelectric generation plate, and the bottom ends of the solar high-reflection plate and the infrared high-reflection plate are respectively hinged with the base;
the thermoelectric generation plate is of a three-layer flat plate structure consisting of thermoelectric sheets, a sunlight high-absorption layer and a radiation refrigeration layer; the thermoelectric sheet is positioned between the sunlight high-absorption layer and the radiation refrigerating layer, the sunlight high-absorption layer is positioned at the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet, and the radiation refrigerating layer is positioned at the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet;
the solar high-reflection plate corresponds to the solar high-absorption layer at the hot end of the thermoelectric generation plate and forms a hot end reflection structure of the thermoelectric device together; the infrared high-reflection plate corresponds to the radiation refrigerating layer at the cold end of the thermoelectric generation plate to jointly form a cold end reflection structure of the thermoelectric device.
Further: the solar light high reflecting plate and the infrared high reflecting plate are of flat plate structures or parabolic cylinder structures, when the solar light high reflecting plate and the infrared high reflecting plate are of flat plate structures, the solar light high reflecting plate and the infrared high reflecting plate form a V-shaped reflecting system, when the solar light high reflecting plate and the infrared high reflecting plate are of parabolic cylinder structures, the solar light high reflecting plate and the infrared high reflecting plate form a parabolic cylinder type reflecting system, the bottom ends of the solar light high reflecting plate and the infrared high reflecting plate are respectively hinged with the base through hinges, and the hinges are adjusted to enable the solar light high reflecting plate to form 45 degrees with the vertical direction and enable the infrared high reflecting plate to form 45 degrees with the vertical direction.
Further: the sunlight high absorption layer is a high absorption coating formed by dispersing deep color filler or nano particles into a film forming material and is used for absorbing sunlight of 0.3-2.5 mu m.
Further: the sunlight high-absorption layer is a black paint layer, a graphene coating or a carbon nano tube coating.
Further: the radiation refrigeration layer is a spectrum selective coating formed by mixing one or more functional particles and is used for reflecting sunlight with the thickness of 0.3 mu m to 2.5 mu m and emitting infrared wave band with the thickness of 8 mu m to 13 mu m.
Further: the radiation refrigerating layer contains Cr 2 0 3 、A1 2 0 3 、BaSO 4 、Si02、ZrO 2 、Ti0 2 A spectrally selective coating of one or more particles.
Further: the solar high-reflection plate is a double-layer composite plate structure formed by a metal layer and a dielectric layer, wherein the metal layer realizes high reflection of solar light with the thickness of 0.3-2.5 mu m and infrared radiation with the thickness of 8-13 mu m, the dielectric layer realizes high transmission of solar light with the thickness of 0.3-2.5 mu m and high absorption (emission) of infrared radiation with the thickness of 8-13 mu m, and the dielectric layer is positioned above the metal layer, and incident solar light irradiates the dielectric layer firstly and is reflected by the metal layer after being transmitted.
Further: the metal layer is made of Au, ag, al or Cu.
Further: the material of the dielectric layer is Na 2 SiO 3 Or SiO 2 。
Further: the dielectric layer is an organic polymer coating.
Further: the dielectric layer is made of PMMA or PVP.
Further: the infrared high reflection plate adopts a smooth metal plate which has high reflection to sunlight of 0.3-2.5 μm and infrared radiation of 8-13 μm, and the material of the metal plate is Au, ag, al, cu or W. The infrared high-reflection plate can reflect the heat radiation of the wave Duan Gongwai with the wavelength of 8-13 mu m emitted by the radiation refrigerating layer at the cold end of the thermoelectric device to the deep cooling space for radiation refrigeration, so that the temperature at the cold end of the thermoelectric device is reduced.
Further: the thickness of the metal layer is between 5 mu m and 5mm, and the thickness of the dielectric layer is between 50 mu m and 10mm.
Further: the thickness of the infrared high reflection plate is 100 mu m-10 mm.
Further: the thickness of the sunlight high absorbing layer is between 5 mu m and 5mm.
Further: the thickness of the radiation refrigerating layer is between 5 mu m and 10mm.
Scheme II: the utility model provides a vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation method based on two side reflection structure, its vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on two side reflection structure that is based on scheme one realize, the concrete method is as follows:
when the sun exists in the daytime, the sunlight with the thickness of 0.3-2.5 mu m is reflected to the sunlight high absorption layer in the vertically placed thermoelectric generation plate through the sunlight high reflection plate at the hot end side of the thermoelectric generation device, the sunlight high absorption layer converts the sunlight into heat, and the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet is heated; the radiation refrigerating layer in the thermoelectric power generation device transmits heat at the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet to the infrared high-reflection plate through infrared heat radiation, and then infrared radiation of 8-13 μm is reflected to the deep cooling space through the infrared high-reflection plate for radiation refrigeration, so that the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet is cooled; the hot end temperature of the thermoelectric sheet is increased, the cold end temperature is reduced, and a temperature difference is generated, so that thermoelectric power generation is realized;
when the solar energy is not used at night or in the absence of the sun, the solar light high absorption layer in the thermoelectric power generation device faces the medium layer of the solar light high reflection plate in the reflection system, the medium layer does not directly face the deep cooling space, radiation refrigeration can not be carried out on the space, the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet can not be cooled even in the absence of the sun, and the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation device continues to keep radiation refrigeration with the deep cooling space, so that the temperature difference is generated between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation device, and thermoelectric power generation is realized.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the existing thermoelectric power generation device with a flat structure (the thermoelectric plate is parallel to the ground) capable of simultaneously utilizing a solar heat source and a space cold source, the vertical structure (the thermoelectric plate is arranged perpendicular to the ground) can enable the hot end of the thermoelectric plate to be directly irradiated by sunlight, the temperature of the hot end can be remarkably improved, and further higher generated energy can be obtained in daytime compared with the flat structure. The lifting effect is shown in the experimental result of fig. 6.
2. Compared with the conventional thermoelectric power generation device with a flat structure (the thermoelectric plate is parallel to the ground), the vertical structure of the thermoelectric power generation device has a V-shaped double-side reflection structure, and an included angle between the double-side reflection structure and the thermoelectric device can be adjusted. The reflection angle is adjusted according to actual weather conditions, so that the thermoelectric device obtains the optimal receiving angle, and the generated energy of the device is further improved.
3. Compared with the existing thermoelectric power generation device with a flat structure (the thermoelectric plate is parallel to the ground), the integrated vertical structure is simpler and more compact, and has smaller occupied area. When the thermoelectric device needs to be applied in a large scale and the total power generation amount is increased, the thermoelectric device can be expanded from two dimensions. The thermoelectric device can extend from the direction parallel to the ground, and can be used for placing more vertical thermoelectric devices under the condition of occupying the same area as the flat structure; the thermoelectric power generation device can extend upwards towards the vertical ground, more thermoelectric power generation plates can be placed in the vertical direction under the condition of the same occupied area, the space utilization rate of the device is further improved, and the large-scale expansion application is facilitated.
4. The passive thermoelectric power generation device capable of simultaneously utilizing the solar heat source and the deep space cold source to realize continuous power generation all the day is a zero-carbon new energy power generation technology with great application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on a double-sided reflection structure in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a solar light high reflection plate structure in a V-type reflection system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a thermoelectric generation plate structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a "parabolic cylinder" type reflection system thermoelectric generation device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a solar light high reflectance plate structure in a "parabolic cylinder" type reflectance system;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of generating electricity by the temperature difference between the daytime and the nighttime.
In the figure, a 1-sunlight high reflecting plate; 2-thermoelectric generation plates; 3-infrared high reflection plate; 4-a base; a 5-metal layer; 6-a dielectric layer; 7-a solar light high absorption layer; 8-thermoelectric sheets; 9-radiation refrigeration layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present application solution better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will be made in detail and with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to describe the embodiments of the present application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "middle", "outer", "front", "rear", and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the present application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element or component to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
Also, some of the terms described above may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate some sort of attachment or connection in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
Furthermore, the terms "disposed," "connected," "secured" and "affixed" are to be construed broadly. For example, "connected" may be in a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on a double-sided reflection structure, which comprises a solar light high reflection plate 1, a thermoelectric power generation plate 2, an infrared high reflection plate 3 and a base 4; the solar light high reflecting plate 1 and the infrared high reflecting plate 3 form a reflecting system, and the solar light high reflecting plate 1 and the infrared high reflecting plate 3 are of flat plate structures to form a V-shaped reflecting system or a parabolic cylinder-shaped reflecting system; the bottom end of the thermoelectric generation plate 2 is fixed on the base 4, and the thermoelectric generation plate 2 is vertical to the ground; the sunlightThe high reflecting plate 1 and the infrared high reflecting plate 3 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the thermoelectric generating plate 2, the sunlight high reflecting plate 1 and the infrared high reflecting plate 3 form a certain angle with the thermoelectric generating plate 2, the bottom ends of the sunlight high reflecting plate 1 and the infrared high reflecting plate 3 are respectively connected with the base 4 through hinges, and the hinges are adjusted to enable the sunlight high reflecting plate 1 to form 45 degrees with the vertical direction and enable the infrared high reflecting plate 3 to form 45 degrees with the vertical direction; the thermoelectric generation plate 2 is of a three-layer flat plate structure consisting of a thermoelectric sheet 8, a sunlight high absorption layer 7 and a radiation refrigeration layer 9; the thermoelectric sheet 8 is positioned between the sunlight high absorption layer 7 and the radiation refrigeration layer 9, the sunlight high absorption layer 7 is positioned at the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 8, and the radiation refrigeration layer 9 is positioned at the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet 8; the solar light high reflection plate 1 corresponds to the solar light high absorption layer 7 at the hot end of the thermoelectric generation plate 2, and forms a hot end reflection structure (namely a structure for reflecting solar light to the solar light high absorption layer) of the thermoelectric device together; the infrared high-reflection plate 3 corresponds to the radiation refrigerating layer 9 at the cold end of the thermoelectric generation plate 2 to jointly form a cold end reflecting structure (namely a structure for reflecting infrared thermal radiation energy to space) of the thermoelectric device, and the sunlight high-absorption layer 7 is a high-absorption coating formed by dispersing deep color fillers into a film forming material and is used for absorbing sunlight with the thickness of 0.3-2.5 mu m; the sunlight high absorbing layer 7 is specifically a black paint layer; the radiation refrigerating layer 9 is a spectrum selective coating formed by mixing one or more functional particles and is used for reflecting sunlight with 0.3-2.5 mu m and emitting infrared wave band with 8-13 mu m, and particularly contains Cr 2 0 3 A spectrally selective coating of particles; the solar light high-reflection plate 1 is a double-layer composite plate structure formed by a metal layer 5 and a dielectric layer 6, wherein the metal layer 5 realizes high reflection of solar light with the thickness of 0.3-2.5 mu m and infrared radiation with the thickness of 8-13 mu m, the dielectric layer 6 realizes high transmission of solar light with the thickness of 0.3-2.5 mu m and high absorption (emission) of infrared radiation with the thickness of 8-13 mu m, the dielectric layer 6 is positioned above the metal layer 5, incident solar light firstly irradiates the dielectric layer 6, and is reflected by the metal layer 5 after transmission; the metal layer 5 is made of Au, and the dielectric layer 6 is made of Na 2 SiO 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The infrared highly reflecting plate 3 is a smooth metal plate highly reflecting both 0.3 μm to 2.5 μm sunlight and 8 μm to 13 μm infrared radiation, the goldThe infrared high-reflection plate can reflect heat radiation of 8-13 mu m waves Duan Gongwai emitted by the radiation refrigerating layer at the cold end of the thermoelectric device to the deep cooling space for radiation refrigerating, so that the temperature at the cold end of the thermoelectric device is reduced; the thickness of the metal layer 5 is 5 μm, the thickness of the dielectric layer 6 is 50 μm, the thickness of the infrared highly reflective plate 3 is 100 μm, the thickness of the solar highly absorbing layer 7 is 5 μm, and the thickness of the radiation refrigerating layer 9 is 5 μm.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, the present embodiment provides a vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on a double-sided reflection structure, which includes a solar light high reflection plate 1, a thermoelectric power generation plate 2, an infrared high reflection plate 3 and a base 4; the solar light high reflecting plate 1 and the infrared high reflecting plate 3 form a reflecting system, and the solar light high reflecting plate 1 and the infrared high reflecting plate 3 are of parabolic cylinder structures to form a parabolic cylinder type reflecting system; the bottom end of the thermoelectric generation plate 2 is fixed on the base 4, and the thermoelectric generation plate 2 is vertical to the ground; the solar high reflecting plate 1 and the infrared high reflecting plate 3 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the thermoelectric generating plate 2, the solar high reflecting plate 1 and the infrared high reflecting plate 3 form a certain angle with the thermoelectric generating plate 2, the bottom ends of the solar high reflecting plate 1 and the infrared high reflecting plate 3 are respectively connected with the base 4 through hinges, and the hinges are adjusted to enable the solar high reflecting plate 1 to form 45 degrees with the vertical direction and enable the infrared high reflecting plate 3 to form 45 degrees with the vertical direction; the thermoelectric generation plate 2 is of a three-layer flat plate structure consisting of a thermoelectric sheet 8, a sunlight high absorption layer 7 and a radiation refrigeration layer 9; the thermoelectric sheet 8 is positioned between the sunlight high absorption layer 7 and the radiation refrigeration layer 9, the sunlight high absorption layer 7 is positioned at the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 8, and the radiation refrigeration layer 9 is positioned at the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet 8; the solar light high reflection plate 1 corresponds to the solar light high absorption layer 7 at the hot end of the thermoelectric generation plate 2, and forms a hot end reflection structure (namely a structure for reflecting solar light to the solar light high absorption layer) of the thermoelectric device together; the infrared high reflection plate 3 corresponds to the radiation refrigeration layer 9 at the cold end of the thermoelectric generation plate 2 to jointly form a cold end reflection structure (namely a structure for reflecting infrared heat radiation energy to space) of the thermoelectric device; the sunlight high absorbing layer 7 is dispersed by deep color fillerA high absorption coating formed into the film forming material for high absorption of solar light of 0.3 μm to 2.5 μm; the sunlight high absorbing layer 7 is specifically a black paint layer; the radiation refrigerating layer 9 is a spectrum selective coating formed by mixing one or more functional particles and is used for reflecting sunlight with 0.3-2.5 mu m and emitting infrared wave band with 8-13 mu m, and particularly contains Cr 2 0 3 A spectrally selective coating of particles; the solar light high-reflection plate 1 is a double-layer composite plate structure formed by a metal layer 5 and a dielectric layer 6, wherein the metal layer 5 realizes high reflection of solar light with the thickness of 0.3-2.5 mu m and infrared radiation with the thickness of 8-13 mu m, the dielectric layer 6 realizes high transmission of solar light with the thickness of 0.3-2.5 mu m and high absorption (emission) of infrared radiation with the thickness of 8-13 mu m, the dielectric layer 6 is positioned above the metal layer 5, incident solar light firstly irradiates the dielectric layer 6, and is reflected by the metal layer 5 after transmission; the metal layer 5 is made of Au, and the dielectric layer 6 is made of Na 2 SiO 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The infrared high-reflection plate 3 adopts a smooth metal plate which has high reflection to sunlight of 0.3-2.5 mu m and infrared radiation of 8-13 mu m, the metal plate is made of Au, and the infrared high-reflection plate can reflect heat radiation of 8-13 mu m waves Duan Gongwai emitted by the radiation refrigerating layer at the cold end of the thermoelectric device to the deep cooling space for radiation refrigeration, so that the temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric device is reduced; the thickness of the metal layer 5 is 5 μm, the thickness of the dielectric layer 6 is 50 μm, the thickness of the infrared highly reflective plate 3 is 100 μm, the thickness of the solar highly absorbing layer 7 is 5 μm, and the thickness of the radiation refrigerating layer 9 is 5 μm.
Example 3:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the solar light high absorption layer 7 is specifically a graphene coating.
Example 4:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the sunlight high absorption layer 7 is a high absorption coating formed by dispersing nano particles into a film forming material and is used for high absorption of sunlight of 0.3-2.5 mu m; the solar light high absorption layer 7 is specifically a carbon nanotube coating.
Example 5:
this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the radiation refrigerating layer 9 contains A1 2 0 3 Spectrally selective coating of particles.
Example 6:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the radiation refrigerating layer 9 contains Si0 2 Spectrally selective coating of particles.
Example 7:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the radiation refrigerating layer 9 contains ZrO 2 Spectrally selective coating of particles.
Example 8:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the radiation refrigerating layer 9 contains Ti0 2 Spectrally selective coating of particles.
Example 9:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the radiation refrigerating layer 9 contains A1 2 0 3 、BaSO 4 、Si0 2 Spectrally selective coating of three particles.
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the radiation refrigeration layer 9 is Cr-containing 2 0 3 、ZrO 2 Spectrally selective coating of both particles.
Example 10:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the radiation refrigerating layer 9 contains Cr 2 0 3 、BaSO 4 、Si0 2 、ZrO 2 Spectrally selective coating of four particles.
Example 11:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the material of the metal layer 5 is Ag, and the material of the dielectric layer 6 is SiO 2 。
Example 12:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the material of the metal layer 5 is Al, and the material of the dielectric layer 6 is PMMA.
Example 13:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the material of the metal layer 5 is Cu, and the material of the dielectric layer 6 is PVP.
Example 14:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the material of the metal plate is Ag.
Example 15:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the metal plate is made of Al.
Example 16:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the material of the metal plate is Cu.
Example 17:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the material of the metal plate is W.
Example 18:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the thickness of the metal layer 5 is 5mm, the thickness of the dielectric layer 6 is 10mm, and the thickness of the infrared high-reflection plate 3 is 10mm; the thickness of the sunlight high absorption layer 7 is 5mm; the thickness of the radiation refrigeration layer 9 is 10mm.
Example 19:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the thickness of the metal layer 5 is 1mm, the thickness of the dielectric layer 6 is 5mm, and the thickness of the infrared high-reflection plate 3 is 5mm; the thickness of the sunlight high absorption layer 7 is 1mm; the thickness of the radiation refrigeration layer 9 is 5mm.
Example 20:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the hinge is adjusted so that the sunlight high reflecting plate 1 forms 40 degrees with the vertical direction and the infrared high reflecting plate 3 forms 40 degrees with the vertical direction.
Example 21:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the hinge is adjusted so that the sunlight highly reflecting plate 1 forms 50 degrees with the vertical direction and the infrared highly reflecting plate 3 forms 50 degrees with the vertical direction.
Example 22:
this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or 2 in that: the base can also be combined with an energy storage device to form an energy storage base for storing electric energy generated by the thermoelectric generation device.
Example 23:
referring to fig. 1 to 5, the vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation method based on the double-sided reflection structure of the present embodiment is implemented based on the vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on the double-sided reflection structure described in the above embodiments 1 to 22, and the specific method is as follows: when the sun exists in the daytime, the sunlight with the thickness of 0.3-2.5 mu m is reflected to the sunlight high-absorption layer 7 in the vertically placed thermoelectric generation plate 2 through the sunlight high-reflection plate 1 at the hot end side of the thermoelectric generation device, the sunlight high-absorption layer 7 converts the sunlight into heat, and the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 8 is heated; at the cold end side of the thermoelectric power generation device, a radiation refrigeration layer 9 in the thermoelectric power generation plate 2 transmits heat at the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet 8 to the infrared high-reflection plate 3 through infrared heat radiation, and then infrared radiation of 8-13 mu m is reflected to a deep cooling space through the infrared high-reflection plate 3 for radiation refrigeration, so that the temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet 8 is reduced; the hot end temperature of the thermoelectric sheet 8 is increased, the cold end temperature is reduced, and a temperature difference is generated, so that thermoelectric power generation is realized; when the sun is not present at night or at the hot end side of the thermoelectric power generation device, the solar high absorption layer 7 in the thermoelectric power generation plate 2 faces the medium layer 6 of the solar high reflection plate 1 in the reflection system, does not directly face the deep cooling space, does not carry out radiation refrigeration to the space, does not cool the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 8 even if the sun is not present, and continues to keep the radiation refrigeration with the deep cooling space at the cold end side of the thermoelectric power generation device, so that the temperature difference is generated between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation device, and thermoelectric power generation is realized.
Effect verification of the invention referring to fig. 6, compared with flat daytime power generation, the invention has the same floor area, and the power generation effect of the invention is 3.5 times of that of flat power generation; compared with the flat type night (or no solar) power generation, the invention has the same occupied area, and the power generation effect of the invention has little difference with the flat type power generation; compared with the total power generation in the daytime and at night, the invention has the same occupied area, and the power generation effect of the invention is 2.5 times of that of the flat power generation.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting thereof; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate technical solution, and this description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should consider the disclosure as a whole, and the technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined appropriately to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric generation device based on double-side reflection structure is characterized in that: comprises a sunlight high-reflection plate (1), a thermoelectric generation plate (2), an infrared high-reflection plate (3) and a base (4); the sunlight high-reflection plate (1) and the infrared high-reflection plate (3) form a reflection system, and the reflection system is a V-shaped reflection system or a parabolic cylinder-shaped reflection system;
the bottom end of the thermoelectric generation plate (2) is fixed on the base (4), and the thermoelectric generation plate (2) is perpendicular to the ground;
the solar light high reflecting plate (1) and the infrared high reflecting plate (3) are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the thermoelectric power generation plate (2), the solar light high reflecting plate (1) and the infrared high reflecting plate (3) form a certain angle with the thermoelectric power generation plate (2), and the bottom ends of the solar light high reflecting plate (1) and the infrared high reflecting plate (3) are respectively hinged with the base (4);
the thermoelectric generation plate (2) is of a three-layer flat plate structure consisting of a thermoelectric sheet (8), a sunlight high-absorption layer (7) and a radiation refrigeration layer (9); the thermoelectric sheet (8) is positioned between the sunlight high-absorption layer (7) and the radiation refrigerating layer (9), the sunlight high-absorption layer (7) is positioned at the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet (8), and the radiation refrigerating layer (9) is positioned at the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet (8);
the sunlight high-reflection plate (1) corresponds to the sunlight high-absorption layer (7) at the hot end of the thermoelectric generation plate (2) to jointly form a hot end reflection structure of the thermoelectric device; the infrared high-reflection plate (3) corresponds to the radiation refrigerating layer (9) at the cold end of the thermoelectric generation plate (2) to jointly form a cold end reflection structure of the thermoelectric device.
2. The vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on a double-sided reflection structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the solar light high reflecting plate (1) and the infrared high reflecting plate (3) are of flat plate structures or are of parabolic cylinder structures, when the solar light high reflecting plate is of the flat plate structures, the solar light high reflecting plate and the infrared high reflecting plate are of the parabolic cylinder structures, when the solar light high reflecting plate is of the parabolic cylinder structures, the solar light high reflecting plate and the infrared high reflecting plate are of the parabolic cylinder structures, the bottom ends of the solar light high reflecting plate (1) and the infrared high reflecting plate (3) are hinged with the base (4) through hinges respectively, the hinges are adjusted, the solar light high reflecting plate (1) is 45 degrees to the vertical direction, and the infrared high reflecting plate (3) is 45 degrees to the vertical direction.
3. The vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on double-sided reflection structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the sunlight high absorption layer (7) is a high absorption coating formed by dispersing deep color filler or nano particles into a film forming material and is used for absorbing sunlight of 0.3-2.5 mu m; the radiation refrigeration layer (9) is a spectrum selective coating formed by mixing one or more functional particles and is used for reflecting sunlight with the thickness of 0.3 mu m to 2.5 mu m and emitting infrared wave band with the thickness of 8 mu m to 13 mu m.
4. A vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on a double-sided reflection structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the sunlight high-absorption layer (7) is a black paint layer, a graphene coating or a carbon nano tube coating; the radiation refrigerating layer (9) contains Cr 2 0 3 、A1 2 0 3 、BaSO 4 、Si0 2 、ZrO 2 、Ti0 2 A spectrally selective coating of one or more particles.
5. A vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on a double-sided reflection structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the solar light high-reflection plate (1) is a double-layer composite plate structure formed by a metal layer (5) and a dielectric layer (6), wherein the metal layer (5) is used for realizing high reflection of solar light with the thickness of 0.3-2.5 mu m and infrared radiation with the thickness of 8-13 mu m, the dielectric layer (6) is used for realizing high transmission of solar light with the thickness of 0.3-2.5 mu m and high absorption of infrared radiation with the thickness of 8-13 mu m, the dielectric layer (6) is positioned above the metal layer (5), incident solar light firstly irradiates the dielectric layer (6), and is reflected by the metal layer (5) after transmission.
6. The vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on the double-sided reflection structure according to claim 5, wherein: the metal layer (5) is made of Au, ag, al or Cu; the material of the dielectric layer (6) is Na 2 SiO 3 、SiO 2 PMMA or PVP.
7. The vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on the double-sided reflection structure according to claim 5, wherein: the infrared high reflection plate (3) adopts a smooth metal plate which has high reflection to sunlight of 0.3-2.5 μm and infrared radiation of 8-13 μm, and the material of the metal plate is Au, ag, al, cu or W.
8. The vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on the double-sided reflection structure as set forth in claim 7, wherein: the thickness of the metal layer (5) is between 5 mu m and 5mm, and the thickness of the dielectric layer (6) is between 50 mu m and 10mm; the thickness of the infrared high reflection plate (3) is 100 mu m-10 mm.
9. The vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on the double-sided reflection structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the thickness of the sunlight high absorption layer (7) is between 5 mu m and 5mm; the thickness of the radiation refrigeration layer (9) is between 5 mu m and 10mm.
10. A vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric generation method based on a double-side reflection structure is characterized in that: the vertical all-weather passive thermoelectric power generation device based on the double-side reflection structure is realized on the basis of any one of claims 5-9, and the specific method is as follows:
when the sun exists in the daytime, the sunlight with the thickness of 0.3-2.5 mu m is reflected to the sunlight high-absorption layer (7) in the vertically placed thermoelectric generation plate (2) through the sunlight high-reflection plate (1), the sunlight high-absorption layer (7) converts the sunlight into heat, and the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet (8) is heated; the radiation refrigerating layer (9) in the thermoelectric power generation device transmits heat of the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet (8) to the infrared high-reflection plate (3) through infrared heat radiation, and then the infrared radiation of 8-13 μm is reflected to the deep cooling space through the infrared high-reflection plate (3) for radiation refrigeration, so that the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet (8) is cooled; the hot end temperature of the thermoelectric sheet (8) is increased, the cold end temperature is reduced, and a temperature difference is generated, so that thermoelectric power generation is realized;
when the solar energy is not used at night or in the absence of the sun, the medium layer (6) of the solar energy high-reflection plate (1) in the reflection system faces the solar energy high-absorption layer (7) in the thermoelectric generation plate (2), the solar energy high-reflection plate does not directly face the deep cooling space, radiation refrigeration can not be carried out on the space, the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet (8) can not be cooled even if the solar energy is not used, the cold end of the thermoelectric generation device continues to be kept in radiation refrigeration with the deep cooling space, so that the temperature difference is generated between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric generation device, and thermoelectric generation is realized.
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