CN116094200B - Heat dissipation stator structure based on gravity type micro heat pipe array - Google Patents

Heat dissipation stator structure based on gravity type micro heat pipe array Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116094200B
CN116094200B CN202310371583.8A CN202310371583A CN116094200B CN 116094200 B CN116094200 B CN 116094200B CN 202310371583 A CN202310371583 A CN 202310371583A CN 116094200 B CN116094200 B CN 116094200B
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China
Prior art keywords
heat pipe
pipe array
type micro
stator
gravity type
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CN202310371583.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN116094200A (en
Inventor
张冀
黄晟
马伯
王坤
黄晓辉
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Hunan University
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Hunan University
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165Shape, form or location of the slots
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/18Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with ribs or fins for improving heat transfer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H02K9/20Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil wherein the cooling medium vaporises within the machine casing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/22Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
    • H02K9/225Heat pipes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/22Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
    • H02K9/227Heat sinks

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat dissipation stator structure based on a gravity type micro heat pipe array, which comprises a stator core, wherein a stator groove is formed in the stator core, an armature winding is arranged in the stator groove, a shell is arranged on the periphery of the stator core, an axial end cover is arranged at one end of the shell, a non-axial end cover is arranged at the other end of the shell, the heat dissipation stator structure based on the gravity type micro heat pipe array further comprises a heat conduction ring and a plurality of gravity type micro heat pipe arrays, the gravity type micro heat pipe arrays can naturally flow back under the action of gravity, the heat conduction ring is arranged at one side, close to the non-axial end cover, of the stator core, the non-axial ends of the armature winding extend into the heat conduction ring, a plurality of gravity type micro heat pipe arrays are arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core, and evaporation sections of the gravity type micro heat pipe arrays extend into the heat conduction ring after passing through the non-axial end cover. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high heat dissipation efficiency, no extra loss and energy consumption, etc.

Description

Heat dissipation stator structure based on gravity type micro heat pipe array
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of permanent magnet motors, in particular to a heat dissipation stator structure based on a gravity type micro heat pipe array.
Background
In recent years, the development of high-energy permanent magnet materials and power electronic technology has greatly promoted the application of permanent magnet motors in the fields of aerospace, electric tools, new energy equipment, medical equipment, electric automobiles and the like.
Compared with the traditional motors such as a direct current motor, an electric excitation synchronous motor and an induction motor, the permanent magnet motor has the advantages of simple structure, strong overload resistance, high efficiency, high power factor and the like. The development trend of high power density and light weight design of the permanent magnet motor brings the problems of rapid increase of the heat productivity in the motor, serious shortage of effective heat dissipation space and the like. The service life of insulating materials in the motor can be shortened due to the fact that the temperature rise in the motor is too high, the running efficiency of the motor can be reduced, the heating value is further increased, the temperature of the motor is further increased, vicious circle is formed, even irreversible demagnetization of a permanent magnet or motor burnout is caused, and the service life of the motor and the running safety of the motor are seriously affected. Therefore, the heat dissipation problem inside the motor plays a vital role in the technical index, the economic index and the omnibearing quality index of the motor, and also becomes a bottleneck for the motor system to further develop towards the high power density direction. The heat dissipation device of the permanent magnet motor is reasonably designed, the temperature distribution of the motor is optimized, and the heat dissipation device is a necessary condition for ensuring long-term safe and reliable operation.
The cooling modes commonly used in the motor can be classified into air cooling and liquid cooling according to the cooling medium. The liquid cooling effect is obvious, the cooling efficiency is high, but the cooling circulation device needs to be provided, so that the system structure is complex and the cost is high. The air cooling is to cool the motor by utilizing natural convection or forced convection of air, and has wide application in industry due to simple structure and low cost. However, there are still many problems to be solved in the existing air cooling schemes: air is used as a heat transfer medium, so that the heat capacity is low, the thermal response speed is low, and a large amount of heat cannot be consumed; the air convection heat exchange coefficient is small, the heat exchange efficiency is low, and the air heat dissipation structure needs to be designed with a larger heat exchange area, so that the system is huge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing the gravity-based micro heat pipe array heat dissipation stator structure which has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high heat dissipation efficiency and no extra loss and energy consumption.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a heat dissipation stator structure based on gravity type micro heat pipe array, includes the stator core, be equipped with the stator groove on the stator core, be equipped with the armature winding in the stator groove, the stator core periphery is equipped with the casing, casing one end is equipped with the axle and stretches end cover, and the other end is equipped with the non-axle and stretches end cover, the heat dissipation stator structure based on gravity type micro heat pipe array still includes heat conduction ring and a plurality of working medium can be under the gravity effect natural reflux's gravity type micro heat pipe array, the heat conduction ring is located the stator core is close to one side of non-axle stretches end cover, the non-axle of armature winding stretches into in the heat conduction ring, a plurality of gravity type micro heat pipe array is followed the circumferencial direction of stator core is arranged, the evaporation zone of gravity type micro heat pipe array passes behind the non-axle stretches end cover extends into in the heat conduction ring.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: a gap is provided between the stator slot and the armature winding, and the thermally conductive ring extends into the gap between the stator slot and the armature winding.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: the heat conducting ring is formed by sealing and filling thermosetting materials.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: the gravity type micro heat pipe array is internally provided with a plurality of channels which are connected in parallel, and the channels are filled with gas-liquid phase change working media.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: and the side wall of the channel is provided with a micron-sized multi-bulge structure.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: the gravity type micro heat pipe array is of a flat plate structure, the condensation section is bent upwards, and the included angle between the condensation section and the vertical direction is smaller than 90 degrees.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: the condensing section of the gravity type micro heat pipe array is provided with a porous radiating fin.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: the porous radiating fins are zigzag, foam or lattice.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: the condensing section is adhered with the porous radiating fins through heat-conducting glue.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: the stator core is in interference fit with the shell, and the armature winding is of a distributed double-layer short-distance winding structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) Good heat dissipation: the gravity type micro heat pipe array has good heat conducting performance, apparent heat conductivity up to 200000W/(m.K), heat conducting capability far higher than that of common metal materials and than that of core type heat pipes, and good temperature uniformity and thermal response speed. In addition, the heat dissipation stator structure increases the contact area with the heat source inside the motor through the thermosetting filling material, and is beneficial to high-efficiency heat conduction. The porous structure of the porous radiating fins greatly increases the specific surface area, and is beneficial to the efficient heat dissipation of the motor. By adopting the air cooling mode, extra loss and energy consumption can not be generated, the power density of the motor is improved under the condition that the performance of the motor is not influenced, and the energy efficiency of the motor is further improved.
2) The structure is simple, and the processing and the installation are easy: the heat pipe plate structure is a parallel multi-channel metal plate, and the adjustment of the micro heat pipe array structure is easy to realize. The material cost is lower, the micro heat pipe array can be flexibly selected according to the motor structure and the heat dissipation requirement, and the popularization is easy. The thermosetting material sealing and filling process in the motor belongs to common processes in industry, and the processing of the heat dissipation stator structure is easy to realize.
3) The safety is high: the gravity type micro heat pipe array of the multi-channel structure is high in stability and difficult to cause faults such as blockage and the like. Each channel in the array can realize independent operation, and single-channel faults have little influence on the overall heat conducting performance. The heat radiation structure is positioned outside the stator core, has no influence on the internal magnetic field of the motor, and does not influence the motor performance and fault-tolerant safe operation capability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a heat dissipation stator structure based on a gravity type micro heat pipe array according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention with the shaft extension end cap hidden.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention with the non-axially extending end cap hidden.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the heat conducting ring hidden on the basis of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image of a micrometer-scale multi-bump structure in the present invention, wherein (a) is three cylindrical micrometer-scale multi-bump structures and (b) is four semi-cylindrical micrometer-scale multi-bump structures.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote: 1. a stator core; 11. a stator groove; 2. an armature winding; 3. a housing; 31. a shaft extension end cap; 32. a non-shaft extension end cap; 4. a heat conducting ring; 5. a gravity type micro heat pipe array; 6. porous heat dissipation fins.
Detailed Description
As used in this section and in the claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not specific to a singular, but may include a plurality, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The use of the terms "first," "second," and the like in this section does not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Likewise, the word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples of the specification.
Fig. 1 to 5 show an embodiment of a heat dissipation stator structure based on a gravity type micro heat pipe array according to the present invention, which includes a housing 3, a shaft extension end cover 31 from which a motor shaft extends, a stator core 1, an armature winding 2, a heat conduction ring 4 formed by a thermosetting filling material sealing process, a gravity type micro heat pipe array 5, and a porous heat dissipation fin 6.
Stator core 1 evenly opens stator slot 11 along the circumferencial direction, arranges armature winding 2 in the stator slot 11, and armature winding 2 prefers to adopt distributed double-deck short distance winding structure, can effectually weaken the interior higher harmonic of motor, obtains better electromotive force and magnetomotive's wave form. The stator core 1 is fixed on the inner wall of the casing 3 by interference fit.
The gravity type micro heat pipe array 5 is of a flat plate structure, and the pipe is made of aluminum or other metals with good heat conductivity. The heat pipe is internally provided with a plurality of channels, adjacent channels are divided by the pipe wall to form a parallel channel array, and the channels are filled with gas-liquid phase change working medium with low boiling point.
The number of the internal channels of the gravity type micro heat pipe array 5 can be tens, and the pipe wall can be provided with a micron-sized multi-bulge structure, so that the internal surface area is increased, and the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe is further improved.
The heat pipe comprises an evaporation section, a heat transfer section and a condensation section, the lengths of which are L respectively 1 、L 2 And L 3 The channel arrays of the various sections are in communication. The evaporation section is arranged in the heat conduction ring 4, the included angle between the heat conduction section and the condensation section is alpha, and the condensation section is stuck with the porous heat dissipation fins 6 to realize efficient heat dissipation.
The space between the inner wall of the stator slot 11 and the windings in the slot forms a first glue cavity, and the thermosetting material fills all the spaces except the windings in the slot in the whole slot and is level with the end faces of the two sides of the stator core 1 in the axial direction.
A second glue cavity is formed between the top of the non-shaft extension end armature winding 2 and the end face of the stator core 1, the shape of the second glue cavity is a cylindrical ring, the top of the second glue cavity is coplanar with the top of the non-shaft extension end armature winding 2, and the inner diameter of the cylinder is the inner diameter R of the stator core 1 1 The outer diameter is the inner diameter R of the shell 3 2 The height is the winding end height h, and the thermosetting material fills all the spaces except the winding end in the whole cylindrical ring, so that the heat of the armature winding 2 can be better transferred to the gravity type micro heat pipe array 5, and the evaporation section of the gravity type micro heat pipe array 5 is fixed.
A third glue cavity is formed between the top end of the second glue cavity and the inner surface of the non-shaft extending end cover 32, and the shape of the third glue cavity is also a cylindrical ring, a cylinderIs the inner diameter R of the stator core 1 1 The outer diameter is the inner diameter R of the shell 3 2 Highly depends on the length L of the evaporation section of the designed heat pipe 3 In particular, when L 3 Is (L) hole -L sta ) And/2, the top end of the third glue cavity is coplanar with the inner face of the non-shaft extension end cover 32.
Further, in the sealing and filling process of the thermosetting material, the first rubber cavity, the second rubber cavity and the third rubber cavity are sealed and filled integrally, and the rubber cavities are well contacted, so that the overall heat conductivity is ensured.
The second and third glue cavities are provided with N rectangular grooves with a dimension of a multiplied by b which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the groove bottom is parallel to the tangential plane of the inner wall of the glue cavity, and the evaporation section of the heat pipe is arranged in the rectangular groove. N, a and b are the number, width and thickness of the heat pipes respectively, and the number and structural parameters of the heat pipes are selected according to the motor structure and the heat dissipation requirement.
Preferably, the evaporating section is located as close to the end of the armature winding 2 as possible so that the heat of the armature winding 2 can be quickly transferred to the gravity fed micro-heat pipe array 5.
The shaft extension end cover 31 and the non-shaft extension end cover 32 are arranged at two ends of the casing 3, wherein N rectangular grooves with a size of a multiplied by b are uniformly distributed on the non-shaft extension end cover 32 along the circumferential direction, and the grooves of the non-shaft extension end cover 32 correspond to the grooves of the glue cavity.
The heat transfer section of the gravity type micro heat pipe array 5 extends along the axial direction, extends out of the motor through a rectangular groove on the non-axial extension end cover 32 and is bent upwards to form a condensation section, and the included angle between the condensation section and the vertical direction is (alpha-90 degrees).
The porous radiating fin 6 structure is arranged on the outer side of the heat pipe condensation section, and the connection mode between the porous radiating fin and the heat pipe condensation section is heat conduction silica gel adhesion, so that the heat conduction is improved. Preferably, the porous heat dissipation fins 6 are all made of metal.
The shape and structure of the porous fin can be zigzag, foam or lattice, and the like, and the shape and structure can be specifically determined according to practical conditions. The porous structure of the fin has high porosity, so that the specific surface area of the fin is greatly increased, and the heat exchange efficiency can be greatly improved in a limited volume. The porous structure can form a complicated and tortuous air flow channel, strengthen turbulence disturbance degree of air in the channel, break and recombine a flow boundary layer and a thermal boundary layer, and further strengthen convection heat exchange coefficient of the integral structure.
Preferably, the gravity type micro heat pipe array 5 is selected according to the structural size and the heating value of the motor to realize the optimal design, and in general, the thickness of a 1/3 yoke part is smaller than that of a 1/2 yoke part, N is larger than or equal to the heating power P of the winding end part/the maximum load power of the single gravity type micro heat pipe array 5, and N is multiplied by a/2/pi-the inner diameter of a shell is smaller than-cos alpha.
The working principle of the heat dissipation stator structure based on the gravity type micro heat pipe array is as follows:
during operation of the motor, the current in the armature and the alternating magnetic field in the motor cause eddy current loss and core loss on the armature winding 2 and the stator core 1, respectively, and the loss will be expressed in the form of heat, thereby causing heat accumulation and temperature rise inside the motor.
The thermosetting material in the heat dissipation stator structure has good heat conduction performance, and can efficiently transfer heat generated on the stator core 1 and the armature winding 2 to the evaporation section of the gravity type micro heat pipe array 5. The initial state of the working medium in the evaporation section channel is liquid, and under the influence of temperature rise, the liquid working medium is gasified rapidly, absorbs and stores a large amount of latent heat, and diffuses to the condensation section through the heat transfer section. After the gaseous working medium reaches the condensing section, under the high-efficiency convection heat exchange effect of the porous radiating fins 6, the stored heat is released, phase change condensation liquefaction occurs at the same time, and the gaseous working medium naturally flows back under the action of gravity and returns to the evaporating section again through the heat transfer section. The process is circulated for a plurality of times, and the absorption and release of the latent heat are realized by means of the mutual conversion between the vapor-liquid two-phase flow, so that the heat of a key heat source inside the motor is emitted to the outside of the motor.
While the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Many possible variations and modifications of the disclosed technology can be made by anyone skilled in the art, or equivalent embodiments with equivalent variations can be made, without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a heat dissipation stator structure based on gravity type micro heat pipe array, includes stator core (1), be equipped with stator groove (11) on stator core (1), be equipped with armature winding (2) in stator groove (11), stator core (1) periphery is equipped with casing (3), casing (3) one end is equipped with shaft extension end cover (31), and the other end is equipped with non-shaft extension end cover (32), its characterized in that: the heat dissipation stator structure based on the gravity type micro heat pipe array further comprises a heat conduction ring (4) and a plurality of gravity type micro heat pipe arrays (5) with working mediums capable of naturally reflowing under the action of gravity, wherein the heat conduction ring (4) is arranged on one side, close to a non-shaft extending end cover (32), of the stator core (1), the non-shaft extending end of the armature winding (2) extends into the heat conduction ring (4), the plurality of gravity type micro heat pipe arrays (5) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core (1), and an evaporation section of each gravity type micro heat pipe array (5) extends into the heat conduction ring (4) after passing through the non-shaft extending end cover (32);
a gap is formed between the stator slot (11) and the armature winding (2), and the heat conducting ring (4) extends into the gap between the stator slot (11) and the armature winding (2);
the gravity type micro heat pipe array (5) is of a flat plate structure, a condensation section is bent upwards, and an included angle between the condensation section and the vertical direction is smaller than 90 degrees;
the gravity type micro heat pipe array (5) is internally provided with a plurality of channels which are connected in parallel, and the channels are filled with gas-liquid phase change working media.
2. The gravity-based micro heat pipe array heat dissipation stator structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat conducting ring (4) is formed by sealing and filling thermosetting materials.
3. The gravity-based micro heat pipe array heat dissipation stator structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the side wall of the channel is provided with a micron-sized multi-bulge structure.
4. The gravity-based heat dissipation stator structure based on a micro heat pipe array according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the condensation section of the gravity type micro heat pipe array (5) is provided with a porous radiating fin (6).
5. The gravity-based micro heat pipe array heat dissipation stator structure as defined in claim 4 wherein: the porous radiating fins (6) are zigzag, foam or lattice.
6. The gravity-based micro heat pipe array heat dissipation stator structure as defined in claim 4 wherein: the condensing section is adhered to the porous radiating fins (6) through heat-conducting glue.
7. The gravity-based heat dissipation stator structure based on a micro heat pipe array according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the stator core (1) is in interference fit with the shell (3), and the armature winding (2) is of a distributed double-layer short-distance winding structure.
CN202310371583.8A 2023-04-10 2023-04-10 Heat dissipation stator structure based on gravity type micro heat pipe array Active CN116094200B (en)

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CN116094200B true CN116094200B (en) 2023-12-05

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CN112350519A (en) * 2019-08-07 2021-02-09 兰州理工大学 Motor based on heat pipe cooling
CN112491171A (en) * 2020-12-08 2021-03-12 齐鲁工业大学 Cooling structure of external rotor motor
CN214850778U (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-11-23 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Motor and household appliance
CN113937957A (en) * 2020-06-29 2022-01-14 上海海立电器有限公司 Stator assembly and rotary compressor
CN114785051A (en) * 2022-06-20 2022-07-22 沈阳工业大学 Heat pipe cooling structure of permanent magnet motor and motor
CN114844270A (en) * 2022-05-13 2022-08-02 宁波诺丁汉大学 Stator module and motor
CN217692983U (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-10-28 湘潭大学 High-speed railway permanent magnet motor cooling system of thermal management enhancement

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CN1989679A (en) * 2004-07-20 2007-06-27 波峰实验室责任有限公司 Dynamoelectric machine with embedded heat exchanger
JP2010154713A (en) * 2008-12-26 2010-07-08 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Stator for motor and divided stator for motor
CN107070022A (en) * 2017-04-26 2017-08-18 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of phase-change cooling device radiated applied to large-size machine stator
CN108155761A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-06-12 华南理工大学 A kind of motor of automobile motor stator module application for strengthening heat management
CN112350519A (en) * 2019-08-07 2021-02-09 兰州理工大学 Motor based on heat pipe cooling
CN211429030U (en) * 2020-03-19 2020-09-04 天津飞旋科技有限公司 Motor end winding cooling structure based on phase change heat pipe
CN113937957A (en) * 2020-06-29 2022-01-14 上海海立电器有限公司 Stator assembly and rotary compressor
CN112491171A (en) * 2020-12-08 2021-03-12 齐鲁工业大学 Cooling structure of external rotor motor
CN214850778U (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-11-23 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Motor and household appliance
CN217692983U (en) * 2021-11-24 2022-10-28 湘潭大学 High-speed railway permanent magnet motor cooling system of thermal management enhancement
CN114844270A (en) * 2022-05-13 2022-08-02 宁波诺丁汉大学 Stator module and motor
CN114785051A (en) * 2022-06-20 2022-07-22 沈阳工业大学 Heat pipe cooling structure of permanent magnet motor and motor

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