CN116093530A - Locking mechanism and vehicle - Google Patents
Locking mechanism and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN116093530A CN116093530A CN202310382695.3A CN202310382695A CN116093530A CN 116093530 A CN116093530 A CN 116093530A CN 202310382695 A CN202310382695 A CN 202310382695A CN 116093530 A CN116093530 A CN 116093530A
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- locking
- ring
- nut
- connector
- positioning assembly
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
- H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a locking mechanism and a vehicle. The locking mechanism includes: the device comprises a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece, a locking piece and a positioning assembly; the locking member has a first locking position for locking the first connector and the second connector, and the locking member has a first release position for releasing the first connector and the second connector; the positioning component is connected with the locking piece, the positioning component is provided with a second locking position for locking the locking piece and a second releasing position for releasing the locking piece, wherein when the locking piece is positioned at the first locking position, the positioning component is positioned at the second locking position, when the locking piece is positioned at the first releasing position, the positioning component is positioned at the second releasing position, and the connection between the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece is more reliable; the locking mechanism is small in size and simple in structure, and only realizes locking or unlocking through the cooperation of the locking piece and the positioning assembly, and the problem of transmission failure and abrasion failure of the linkage component is solved without cooperation of other linkage locking components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a locking mechanism and a vehicle.
Background
At present, the existing electric automobile has two ways of energy supplementing, electricity changing and charging. For the power battery of the electric automobile, the charging is difficult to complete in a short time, and even the super fast charging time is long compared with the traditional refueling time, so that the charging is unacceptable to users. Only the mode of changing the electricity that can counter with traditional refuelling time, in the mode of changing the electricity, the lock body subassembly that is used for connecting automobile body and battery package can realize the separation of car and battery package, realizes quick energy filling demand.
The current quick-change mode generally has two kinds of joint mechanism and spiro union mechanism, and the battery package of spiro union trading electric mechanism is fixed after, can realize six orientation restriction, but joint mechanism can not. The mode of fixing the screw-connection mechanism is always the traditional scheme of fixing the battery pack and the vehicle body, and the screw-connection is safer and more reliable.
At present, the common problems of the screw joint mechanism are as follows: 1. whether the bolted connection of the traditional battery pack and the vehicle body can be directly changed into a bolted power conversion mode or not, or the mode of the bolted power conversion mode is changed at the cost of the minimum change scheme, so that the existing charging plate vehicle type can be directly changed into a power conversion plate vehicle type, and the coexistence of the charging plate vehicle type and the power conversion plate vehicle type is realized; 2. the problems of abrasion and service life of the bolt connection, namely the problems of connection reliability and maintenance convenience caused by the replacement of the bolt connection; 3. the reliability of the screw-connected replacement mechanism solves the problems of torque attenuation, back torsion and the like of bolts, namely, how to design a locking mechanism after the bolts are fixed; 4. the bolt replacement mechanism is integrally arranged, so that the mechanism is small in size, few in use parts, low in weight and low in price on the premise of reliability, and is more suitable for replacing the prior mode of fixing the battery pack and the vehicle body by bolts, and the battery pack and the vehicle body are separated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a locking mechanism and a vehicle, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, the vehicle energy supplementing mode is single, and the connection between a battery pack and a vehicle body is unreliable.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a locking mechanism comprising: the device comprises a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece, a locking piece and a positioning assembly; the locking member has a first locking position for locking the first connector and the second connector, and the locking member has a first release position for releasing the first connector and the second connector; the positioning component is connected with the locking piece, the positioning component is provided with a second locking position for locking the locking piece, and the positioning component is provided with a second release position for releasing the locking piece, wherein when the locking piece is positioned at the first locking position, the positioning component is positioned at the second locking position, and when the locking piece is positioned at the first release position, the positioning component is positioned at the second release position.
Further, the locking member is in a rod-shaped structure, when the positioning assembly is located at the second locking position, the positioning assembly limits the locking member to rotate circumferentially, and when the positioning assembly is located at the second releasing position, the locking member can be arranged in a circumferentially rotating manner.
Further, the positioning assembly includes: the locking ring and the inclined plane toothed ring are arranged along the circumferential direction of the locking piece; the inclined plane ring gear is connected with the second connecting piece, and the retaining member can drive the locking ring to move the setting relative to the inclined plane ring gear along vertical direction, and the surface of inclined plane ring gear towards the locking ring is provided with the skewed tooth structure, and the inner peripheral surface of locking ring is provided with the structure of stopping rotating with skewed tooth structure complex, and the locking ring overlap joint is on the inclined plane ring gear when locating component is located the second locking position, and locating component is located the second release position, and locking ring and inclined plane ring gear separation.
Further, the second connecting piece is provided with a containing cavity, the inner peripheral surface of the containing cavity is provided with a clamp spring, the locking ring is located above the clamp spring, and the inclined plane toothed ring is located below the clamp spring.
Further, the middle part of retaining member is provided with the backstop ring, and the backstop ring is located and holds the intracavity, holds one side of chamber towards first connecting piece and has seted up the through-hole, and the retaining member passes the through-hole and is connected with first connecting piece, and wherein, the external diameter of backstop ring is greater than the internal diameter of through-hole, and holds the intracavity and still is provided with the spring, and the spring sets up along the circumference of retaining member, and the one end and the locking ring butt of spring, the other end and the chamber wall butt that holds the chamber of spring.
Further, the first connecting piece is provided with a nut, and the locking piece is in threaded connection with the nut.
Further, the locking mechanism further comprises a nut shell and a nut rear cover, the body of the first connecting piece is arranged between the nut shell and the nut rear cover, and the body of the first connecting piece, which is positioned on two sides of the nut, is provided with a disc spring.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle including the locking mechanism as described above, wherein the locking mechanism is used for locking a battery assembly of the vehicle.
Further, the vehicle includes a body floor side rail, and the first connecting piece of locking mechanism is connected with the body floor side rail, and the battery assembly has the lug, and the lug is connected with the second connecting piece.
Further, the first connecting piece and the side beam of the vehicle body bottom plate are integrally formed, and the lifting lug and the second connecting piece are integrally formed.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the locking piece is used for locking or releasing the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece, and the positioning component is used for locking or releasing the locking piece, so that the locking effect of the locking piece on the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece is better, and the connection of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece is more reliable; the locking mechanism is small in size, few in parts and simple in structure, and only realizes the locking or unlocking function through the cooperation of the locking part and the positioning assembly, and the problems of transmission failure and abrasion failure of the linkage part are solved without being matched with other linkage locking parts.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a locking mechanism according to the invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a locking mechanism according to the invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a locking mechanism according to the invention;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a vehicle according to the present invention.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a first connector; 11. a nut; 12. a nut housing; 13. a nut back cover; 14. a disc spring;
20. a second connector; 21. a receiving chamber;
30. a locking member; 31. a stop ring;
40. a positioning assembly; 41. a locking ring; 42. an inclined plane toothed ring;
50. clamping springs;
60. a spring;
70. a body floor side rail;
80. lifting lugs; 81. and a battery assembly.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Exemplary embodiments according to the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of these exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art, that in the drawings, it is possible to enlarge the thicknesses of layers and regions for clarity, and that identical reference numerals are used to designate identical devices, and thus descriptions thereof will be omitted.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a locking mechanism is provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the locking mechanism includes: a first connector 10, a second connector 20, a locking member 30, and a positioning assembly 40; the locking member 30 has a first locking position to lock the first and second connection members 10 and 20, and the locking member 30 has a first release position to release the first and second connection members 10 and 20; the positioning assembly 40 is connected with the locking member 30, the positioning assembly 40 has a second locking position for locking the locking member 30, and the positioning assembly 40 has a second release position for releasing the locking member 30, wherein when the locking member 30 is located at the first locking position, the positioning assembly 40 is located at the second locking position, and when the locking member 30 is located at the first release position, the positioning assembly 40 is located at the second release position.
In this embodiment, the locking member 30 is used to lock or release the first connecting member 10 and the second connecting member 20, and the positioning assembly 40 is used to lock or release the locking member 30, so that the locking effect of the locking member 30 on the first connecting member 10 and the second connecting member 20 is better, and the connection between the first connecting member 10 and the second connecting member 20 is more reliable; the locking mechanism is small in size, few in parts and simple in structure, and only realizes the locking or unlocking function through the cooperation of the locking part 30 and the positioning assembly 40, and the problems of transmission failure and abrasion failure of the linkage part are solved without cooperation of other linkage locking parts.
Further, the locking member 30 is in a rod-shaped structure, when the positioning assembly 40 is located at the second locking position, the positioning assembly 40 limits the locking member 30 to rotate along the circumferential direction, when the positioning assembly 40 is located at the second releasing position, the locking member 30 can be arranged in a circumferential direction rotationally, torque generated by the locking member 30 due to circumferential rotation of the positioning assembly 40 when the locking member 30 is located at the first locking position is avoided, therefore, the locking member 30 is damaged, the anti-rotation performance is firmer and more reliable, and the mechanical life is longer.
Further, the positioning assembly 40 includes: a lock ring 41 and an inclined toothed ring 42, wherein the lock ring 41 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the lock member 30; the inclined plane toothed ring 42 is connected with the second connecting piece 20, the locking piece 30 can drive the locking ring 41 to move along the vertical direction relative to the inclined plane toothed ring 42, the inclined tooth structure is arranged on the surface of the inclined plane toothed ring 42 facing the locking ring 41, the rotation stopping structure matched with the inclined tooth structure is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the locking ring 41, when the positioning assembly 40 is positioned at the second locking position, the locking ring 41 is lapped on the inclined plane toothed ring 42, when the positioning assembly 40 is positioned at the second releasing position, the locking ring 41 is separated from the inclined plane toothed ring 42, the inclined tooth structure arranged outside the inclined plane toothed ring 42 is meshed with the rotation stopping structure arranged on the inner surface of the locking ring 41, the locking ring 41 is limited to move up and down only, the rotation of the locking piece 30 is limited by driving the inclined plane toothed ring 42, and the damage of the locking piece 30 is prevented.
Further, the second connecting member 20 has a receiving cavity 21, a clamp spring 50 is disposed on an inner circumferential surface of the receiving cavity 21, the locking ring 41 is located above the clamp spring 50, the bevel gear ring 42 is located below the clamp spring 50, and the clamp spring 50 is used for limiting a downward movement trend of the locking member 30.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a stop ring 31 is arranged in the middle of the locking member 30, the stop ring 31 is positioned in the accommodating cavity 21, a through hole is formed in one side of the accommodating cavity 21 facing the first connecting member 10, the locking member 30 passes through the through hole and is connected with the first connecting member 10, wherein the outer diameter of the stop ring 31 is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole, a spring 60 is further arranged in the accommodating cavity 21, the spring 60 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the locking member 30, one end of the spring 60 is abutted with the locking ring 41, the other end of the spring 60 is abutted with the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity 21, when the spring 60 is in a free state, the locking ring 41 is subjected to self gravity, a helical tooth structure arranged outside the inclined tooth ring 42 is meshed with a rotation stopping structure arranged on the inner surface of the locking ring 41, and the inclined tooth ring 42 and the locking member 30 are guaranteed to be unable to rotate, and the locking member 30 is in a locking state at the moment; when the lock ring 41 receives an upward pushing force, the compression spring 60 thereof moves vertically upward, and when the helical tooth structure provided outside the bevel gear ring 42 and the rotation stopping structure provided on the inner surface of the lock ring 41 change from the engaged state to the disengaged state, the bevel gear ring 42 and the lock member 30 can freely rotate, and the lock member 30 is in the unlocked state.
Further, the first connecting member 10 is provided with a nut 11, and the locking member 30 is screw-coupled with the nut 11, so that the connection of the second connecting member with the first connecting member is reliable.
Further, the locking mechanism further comprises a nut shell 12 and a nut back cover 13, the body of the first connecting piece 10 is arranged between the nut shell 12 and the nut back cover 13, and disc springs 14 are arranged on the bodies of the first connecting piece 10, which are positioned on two sides of the nut 11, and are used for protecting and limiting the nut 11.
As shown in fig. 4, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle including a locking mechanism as described above, wherein the locking mechanism is used for locking a battery assembly of the vehicle, and the locking member is a bolt and is connected and matched with a nut 11, so that the battery assembly is separated from and connected with a vehicle body through the battery end bolt and the vehicle body end nut. The battery assembly is fastened with the vehicle body in a locking mode through the locking mechanism, so that the connection reliability of the battery assembly and the vehicle body is enhanced, and the quick separation and connection functions are realized.
Further, the vehicle includes a floor side rail 70, the first connector 10 of the locking mechanism is connected to the floor side rail 70, and the battery assembly 81 has a lifting lug 80, and the lifting lug 80 is connected to the second connector 20. The battery assembly 81 is connected and fastened with the first connecting piece 10 through the lifting lug 80 and the locking piece 30 in a bolt mode, so that the battery assembly is connected and fastened with the side beam 70 of the vehicle body bottom plate, namely, the connection and the separation of the battery assembly and the vehicle body are realized.
Further, the first connecting piece 10 and the side beam 70 of the vehicle body bottom are integrally formed, the lifting lug 80 and the second connecting piece 20 are integrally formed, and the integrally formed structure enables locking of the battery assembly on the vehicle to be more stable and reliable.
In another embodiment of the present application, a battery quick-change device is provided, and the screw-connected battery quick-change device is divided into two parts, namely a battery end quick-change device and a vehicle body end quick-change device. The vehicle body end quick-change device comprises a nut shell 12, a nut 11, a disc spring 14 and a nut rear cover 13. The nut 11 is inside the nut housing 12, the nut 11 is provided with a groove, the groove is provided with a disc spring 14, the nut 11 is pressed by the disc spring 14 and moves up and down inside the nut housing 12, the nut 11 and the nut housing 12 have a dimension gap in the horizontal direction, and the nut 11 and the nut housing 12 move horizontally inside the nut housing 12 to absorb the play tolerance during threaded connection. The battery end quick-change device comprises a bolt shell, a locking piece 30, a locking ring 41, an inclined plane toothed ring 42, a sliding block, a spring 60 and a clamp spring 50. The retaining member 30 is inside the bolt housing, the second toothed structure is provided with an inclined toothed ring 42, the inclined toothed ring 42 is matched with the locking ring 41 through the toothed structure, the upper surface of the locking ring 41 is provided with a spring 60, the spring 60 is provided with a sliding block, the upper surface of the sliding block is matched with the limiting structure of the retaining member 30, the outer diameter surface of the locking ring 41 is provided with a key position convex rib, and the key position convex rib is matched with a groove slideway arranged inside the bolt housing. The locking ring 41 performs locking and unlocking functions of the locking member 30 by moving up and down.
As shown in fig. 1, the screw-type battery quick-change device is divided into a battery-end quick-change device and a vehicle-body-end quick-change device. The vehicle body end quick-change device comprises a nut shell 12, a nut 11, a disc spring 14 and a nut rear cover 13; the battery end quick-change device comprises a second connecting piece 20, a locking piece 30, a locking ring 41, an inclined plane toothed ring 42, a spring 60 and a clamp spring 50. The nut shell 12 is used for being fixedly mounted with the vehicle body floor side beam, the nut shell 12 can be screwed or welded on the vehicle body floor side beam, and if the nut shell 12 is integrated with the vehicle body floor side beam, no nut shell 12 part is needed. The nut 11 is arranged in the inner part of the box body, and the nut 11 is protected and limited in installation. The nut 11 is provided with a groove structure on its inner upper surface for cooperating with the abutting disc spring 14, a position limiting function. The front surface of which is provided with a threaded hole for mounting the rear cover 13 of the fixing nut. The nut 11 is arranged in the nut shell 12, and can also be arranged in the side beam of the vehicle body bottom plate, and the boundary of the nut 11 is provided with free movable size from the boundary of the inside of the nut shell 12 for absorbing the butt joint tolerance in the power conversion process. The nut back cover 13 is used for installing the nut shell 12 and limiting the nut 11. The nut back cover 13 is designed into a maintenance port structure, and when the nut 11 needs to be replaced, the nut 11 can be replaced by opening the nut back cover 13. The second connecting piece 20 is used for fixedly mounting with a battery pack end, and is internally provided with a locking piece 30, a locking ring 41, an inclined plane toothed ring 42, a spring 60 and a clamp spring 50, wherein the second connecting piece 20 is internally provided with a groove slideway structure which is matched with a key position convex rib arranged outside the locking ring 41, and a clamp spring groove is formed in the second connecting piece 20 and used for limiting the locking ring 41. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the locking member 30 is installed inside the second connecting member 20, and is provided with a first toothed structure, the first toothed structure is provided with a clamp spring groove for installing a clamp spring 50, the clamp spring 50 limits the inclined plane toothed ring 42, the clamp spring groove is provided with a second toothed structure, the second toothed structure is used for installing the inclined plane toothed ring 42 and is used for limiting the inclined plane toothed ring 42 to rotate, the second toothed structure is provided with a round table structure, the round table structure is matched with an inner boss of the second connecting member 20, and after surface contact, the second connecting member 20 is driven to further drive a battery pack to be connected with a vehicle body for fixing. The first tooth-shaped structure and the second tooth-shaped structure of the locking member 30 may be tooth-shaped structures, key position grooves and protruding rib structures, polygonal structures such as hexagonal structures, inner polygonal structures, cross or straight-shaped structures and the like, and only one row of structures capable of controlling rotation are listed in this example, but other types of structures capable of controlling rotation can be protected in this patent, and the structures are not unique. The outer surface of the locking ring 41 is provided with a key position convex rib which is matched with the key position groove slideway in the second connecting piece 20 and is fixed by limiting, and the locking ring 41 can not rotate and can only move up and down along the slideway. The inner surface of the locking ring 41 is provided with a bevel tooth structure which is meshed with the bevel tooth structure arranged on the outer surface of the bevel tooth ring, and the rotation of the locking member 30 is limited by driving the bevel tooth ring 42. And a bevel gear ring 42 provided on the locking member 30, having a tooth structure provided therein engaged with a second tooth structure of the locking member 30 and restrained by a snap spring 50. The externally provided beveled tooth-like structure thereof engages with the beveled tooth-like structure provided on the inner surface of the locking ring 41. And a locking ring 41 provided inside the second connector 20 to limit the downward movement tendency of the locking ring 41. However, in the absence, the beveled toothed ring 42 may also limit the downward movement tendency of the locking ring 41, which functions in unison. In this case, the clamp spring 50 protrudes out of the lower surface of the bevel gear ring 42, and the groove structure is disposed on the lower surface of the bevel gear ring 42, so that the clamp spring 50 is placed inside the groove, and the lower surface of the clamp spring 50 is leveled with the lower surface of the bevel gear ring 42 or is recessed in the lower surface of the bevel gear ring 42. In this case, the tooth-shaped structure, the bevel tooth-shaped structure, the key groove, the protruding rib and the like having the rotation limiting function structure can be replaced by other similar structures, so that the structure described in the embodiment is limited, the implementation function is limited, namely, the rotation limiting similar structure is limited, and the bevel is not limited in angle.
In another embodiment of the present application, a method for quickly replacing a battery is provided, and the method includes: step S10, mainly calculating the specification, the number, the distribution and the like of the bolts and the nuts of the fasteners or adopting the specification form of the fasteners fixed with the vehicle body by the traditional rechargeable battery pack; step S20, designing a mechanism scheme for fixing and moving the bolt at the battery end; step S30, designing a locking mechanism and a linkage form of a bolt and a linkage principle scheme of the locking mechanism; s40, designing and verifying the bearing, the quantity, the distribution and the like of the fasteners in the form of threads and screw tooth structures; s50, designing a mechanism scheme for fixing and moving the nut at the vehicle body end; step S60, designing a maintenance structure scheme of the vulnerable part; step S70, simulation and test verification.
In step S10, according to the weight and the outer contour size of the battery pack, parameters such as the bearing capacity value of the fastener, the specification, the number and the distribution interval size of the bolts and nuts of the fastener are decomposed and calculated. And preliminarily determining the states of the bolts and the nuts. Or the traditional rechargeable battery pack and the fixed fastener specification form of the vehicle body are adopted.
In step S20, determining a mechanism scheme of fixing and moving the bolt at the battery end, a, designing a bolt structural member, adding a matching structure, and ensuring that the bolt structural member is fixed with the battery end through a shell structural member; b. the bolt structural member can move up and down in the vertical direction in the shell structural member, so that preparation is made for connection and separation of a subsequent bolt and a nut; c. the bolt connection structure can be realized in any structural form, such as screw thread fixing, buckle fixing, clamp spring fixing and the like.
In step S30, the locking mechanism and linkage form of the bolt and the principle scheme of locking mechanism linkage are determined, and the locking mechanism is required to perform anti-rotation structure setting on the bolt after the bolt is connected and fixed with the nut due to the requirement of frequent power exchange, so that the locking anti-rotation structure is increased to prevent the bolt from being separated from the nut. The locking mechanism linkage principle is as follows: one end of the locking anti-rotation structure is generally connected with the fixed end structure, the other end of the locking anti-rotation structure is connected with the bolt structure, the rotation trend of the bolt structure is counteracted by the transmission of the fixed end, the effect that the bolt structure can not freely rotate is achieved, and the locking function of the bolt structure is achieved; and then, through the control of the displacement, steering and other actions of the locking anti-rotation structure, one end of the locking anti-rotation structure is separated from the fixed end structure or the bolt structure, namely, the rotation trend of the bolt structure is counteracted by breaking the transmission of the fixed end, so that the bolt structure can freely rotate, namely, the unlocking function of the bolt structure is realized, and the connection and separation of the battery pack body are realized through the interlocking principle of the locking mechanism, namely, the power conversion action is realized.
In step S40, the design of the structural form of the screw thread and the thread is determined and thinned, the parameters such as the bearing, the quantity and the distribution of the fasteners are verified again, and as the bolt structural member is a nonstandard fastener, the bearing capacity is changed, and the bearing capacity value recalibration design is carried out on the bolt structural member designed in step S30;
in the step S50, determining a mechanism scheme of fixing and moving the nut at the vehicle body end, namely, designing a nut structural member, adding a matching structure, and ensuring that the nut structural member is fixed with the vehicle body end through a shell structural member; b. the nut structural member is designed in the shell structural member to reserve the play size reserved amount, so that the dimensional tolerance after the positioning or limiting can be normally connected and absorbed for the subsequent bolt and nut; c. the nut connection structure can be realized in any structural form, such as screw thread fixing, buckle fixing, clamp spring fixing and the like.
In step S60, a maintenance structure scheme of the vulnerable part is determined, the vulnerable part is positioned, the vulnerable part determined by the scheme is a nut structural member, and in order to ensure the subsequent maintenance convenience and cost, the nut structural member is subjected to maintenance structure optimization design, so that the nut structural member is ensured to be safely, simply and conveniently operated when being replaced, and only the nut structural member is replaced to ensure the maintenance cost.
In step S70, simulation and test verification are performed on the pattern data and the sample.
In another embodiment of the application, a battery quick-change device and a vehicle are provided, and the vehicle body end quick-change device is installed or integrated on a side beam of a vehicle body bottom plate, so that compatibility of a charging type vehicle model and a battery replacement type vehicle model is realized. The traditional charging type vehicle type can be changed into a power conversion type vehicle type on the premise of minimum change amount, the vehicle body end quick-change device can be used for replacing the original nut to realize the conversion of the charging type vehicle type into the power conversion type vehicle type, and the charging type vehicle type can be directly provided with a bolt to fix the battery on the vehicle body; the battery end quick-change device can be used for replacing bolts to complete the conversion of the battery end quick-change device, so that the battery end quick-change device is simple and convenient, has high applicability and finally realizes the charging and battery replacement integrated vehicle type. A battery pack tab 80 is connected to or integrated with a battery-side quick change mechanism.
The embodiment of the invention provides a battery quick-change device and a vehicle, as shown in fig. 4, comprising a battery assembly 81, a battery pack lifting lug 80 and a vehicle body bottom plate side beam 70. The second connector 20 is mounted on the battery pack lifting lug 80 in the battery end quick change device, the nut housing 12 is mounted or integrated on the body floor side rail 70 in the body end quick change device, and fig. 4 shows the nut housing 12 integrated with the body floor side rail 70 without separate components of the nut housing 12. Disc spring 14 may be a spring-like structure. The battery assembly 81 is connected and fastened with the nut 11 in the vehicle body end quick-change device in a bolt manner through the battery pack lifting lug 80 and the locking piece 30 in the battery end quick-change device, so that the battery assembly 81 is connected and fastened with the vehicle body bottom plate side beam 70, namely, the connection and the separation of the battery pack and the vehicle body are realized. The battery pack is connected with and separated from the vehicle body to form the battery plate replacing vehicle type.
The charging version motorcycle type is: the battery pack lifting lug 80 is free of a battery end quick-change device, the vehicle body bottom plate side beam 70 is free of a vehicle body end quick-change device, only a nut type fastener is arranged on the vehicle body bottom plate side beam 70, and when the battery assembly 81 is installed with a vehicle body, the battery assembly 81 is screwed on the vehicle body bottom plate side beam 70 through the bolt type fastener, so that connection and separation of a battery pack and the vehicle body are completed. The battery assembly 81 is connected to and separated from the vehicle body to form a rechargeable vehicle type.
In order to achieve compatibility of the rechargeable version vehicle type and the battery-replacing version vehicle type, the vehicle body end quick-changing device is replaced by an original nut type fastener, and compatibility of the rechargeable version vehicle type and the battery-replacing version vehicle type can be achieved. For the charging version vehicle type, the battery assembly 81 is screwed and mounted on the vehicle body bottom plate side beam 70 by using a bolt type fastener; for the battery-side vehicle model, the battery assembly 81 is screwed to the floor side rail 70 using a battery-side quick-change device. The scheme enables the traditional charging version vehicle type to be changed into the changing version vehicle type on the premise of minimum change amount.
Further, the nut shell 12 in the vehicle body end quick-change device is installed or integrated on the vehicle body bottom plate side beam 70, can be changed according to specific conditions, and can directly integrate functions on the vehicle body bottom plate side beam 70 without the nut shell 12; the nut housing 12 may be adapted for structural adjustment; the nut shell 12 can be screwed and fixed on the side beam 70 of the vehicle body bottom plate; the nut shell 12 may be welded to the underbody side rail 70; the nut shell 12 can be clamped and fixed on the side beam 70 of the vehicle body bottom plate; the nut shell 12 may be secured to the underbody side rail 70 by any structure or means, such as by adding structural members such as a transfer beam. The charging version vehicle type is expanded into the battery replacement version vehicle type, the applicability and the expansibility are strong, the charging and battery replacement integrated vehicle type is finally realized, and the charging and battery replacement requirements can be met in different scenes.
In another embodiment of the present application, a battery quick-change device is provided, the locking structure is outside to cooperate with the inside recess slide of fixed shell through the protruding muscle of key position, its protruding muscle of key position and the structure of recess slide compare other schemes such as bolt cooperation, gear cooperation etc. its structure is stronger, and the area of force is bigger, reduces the wearing and tearing volume of preventing changeing the trend, and anti-rotation performance is more firm reliable, and mechanical life is longer. The locking ring 41 is provided with key position ribs on the outside and inclined tooth-like structures on the inside. The outside of the locking ring 41 is matched with the groove slideway in the second connecting piece 20 through the key position convex rib, and the locking ring can freely move up and down along the groove slideway and can not rotate. The spring 60 is arranged on the locking ring 41, when the spring 60 is in a free state, the locking ring 41 is subjected to self gravity, the inner inclined plane tooth-shaped structure of the locking ring 41 is meshed with the inclined plane tooth-shaped structure outside the inclined plane tooth-shaped ring 42, the inclined plane tooth-shaped ring 42 and the locking piece 30 are guaranteed not to rotate, and at the moment, the locking piece 30 is in a locking state. When the lock ring 41 receives an upward pushing force, it compresses the spring 60 and moves vertically upward. When the inner bevel gear structure and the outer bevel gear structure of the bevel gear ring 42 are changed from the engaged state to the disengaged state, the bevel gear ring 42 and the locking member 30 can rotate freely, and at this time, the locking member 30 is in the unlocked state. The protruding muscle of key position compares other schemes such as bolt cooperation, gear cooperation etc. with the structure of recess slide, and its protruding muscle width size is big, and the structure is firm, and the area of atress is bigger moreover, can effectively reduce the wearing and tearing volume of preventing changeing the trend, and anti-rotation performance is more firm reliable, and mechanical life is longer.
In another embodiment of the application, a battery quick-change device is provided, the whole quick-change device is small in size, few in parts and simplified in structure, a locking mechanism can achieve a locking function through one component, the locking mechanism is controlled by a compression spring to move up and down, whether the locking mechanism is meshed with a flower-shaped tooth structure arranged on the outer surface of an inclined plane toothed ring or not is achieved, the locking or unlocking function is achieved, other linkage locking components are not needed, and the problems of transmission failure and abrasion failure of linkage components are solved. The structure is simplified, the size of the quick-change device is small, the weight is light, and the whole vehicle arrangement is convenient. The whole quick-change device has small volume, fewer parts and simplified structure, the locking ring 41 is a part which can realize the locking function, the outside of the locking ring is connected with the fixed end second connecting piece 20, and the inside of the locking ring is connected with the bevel gear ring 42 and the locking piece 30. The locking or unlocking function is realized by controlling the compression spring 60 to move up and down and being meshed with the flower-shaped tooth structure arranged on the outer surface of the bevel gear ring 42, and the problems of transmission failure and abrasion failure of the linkage component can be solved without matching with other linkage locking components. The unlocking and locking principle is that the first contact surface of the tool wrench is a locking ring 41, and the locking ring 41 is pushed to move upwards along a groove slideway compression spring 60 in the second connecting piece 20, so that the locking ring 41 is separated from the bevel gear ring 42, and at the moment, the locking piece 30 can rotate freely to complete the unlocking action; further, the second contact surface of the tool wrench is the locking member 30, and drives the locking member 30 to rotate, so as to be screwed and fixed with the nut 11, when the torque value of the tool wrench reaches the threshold value, the connection and the fixation of the battery pack and the vehicle body are completed, and at the moment, the tool wrench is withdrawn. Further, after the lock ring 41 has no pushing force applied by the tool wrench, the lock ring 41 falls back to contact with and engage with the bevel gear ring 42 by receiving the elastic force and the self weight of the spring 60 in a compressed state, and at this time, the lock member 30 cannot be freely rotated, thereby completing the locking operation. The device has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, light weight and convenient arrangement of the whole vehicle.
In another embodiment of the present application, a battery quick-change device is provided, and the threaded battery quick-change device connects or disconnects a battery pack to or from a vehicle body mainly through a threaded structure. The electric vehicle is characterized in that the battery energy supplementing speed is high, the speed required by the screw power exchanging process is high, so that the electric vehicle needs to be designed into a multi-head thread structure, the installation speed of the multi-head thread is higher under the same screw depth dimension, and the electric vehicle is shortened in the electric vehicle exchanging process; frequent replacement brings great challenges to the abrasion and mechanical life of the threads, and common threads cannot meet the use requirements, so that the thread tooth design widens the size, the thread tooth structure strengthens the stress area and strength, the abrasion and mechanical aging rate are reduced, the design of multiple threads and wide threads ensures the installation and separation efficiency of the quick-change device, and the abrasion and mechanical life of the threads caused by frequent replacement. The electric-exchanging car is characterized by fast battery energy supplementing speed and fast requirement speed for the screw-connection electric-exchanging process, so that the electric-exchanging car needs to be designed into a multi-thread structural form. Under the same screw depth dimension, the multi-head screw thread installation speed is faster, and the power change process time is shortened. Under the same screw pitch condition, the same screw depth size means the same screw thread number n, normal screw threads need to travel n circles to complete the screw bolt fastening, two screw threads need to travel n/2 circles to complete the screw bolt fastening, three screw threads need to travel n/3 circles to complete the screw bolt fastening, namely the speed of multiple screw thread screwing is improved, and the quick power change process is realized. Frequent power replacement brings great challenges to the abrasion and mechanical life of the threads, and common threads cannot meet the use requirements, so that the thread tooth design widens the size, the stress area and strength are enhanced by the thread tooth structure, and the abrasion and mechanical aging rate are reduced. In order to ensure the strength and the reliability of the screw connection, the design of the thread tooth shape is proved by calculation and simulation, and the embodiment designs the thread tooth shape into an ultra-thick tooth trapezoid structure so as to ensure the screw connection strength and the matching smoothness. The design of the multi-head and wide-type threads ensures the installation and separation efficiency of the quick-change device and ensures the abrasion and the mechanical life of the threads caused by frequent power replacement.
In particular, the battery quick-change device can be arranged into a clamping connection mode by changing the structure besides the screw connection mode. After the slope of the screw thread is adjusted, the slope is larger than n degrees, and under the action of vertical upward thrust, the bolt structural member can automatically rotate and rise along the screw thread structure. The slope of the thread structure is larger than n degrees, the horizontal component force of the thread structure enables the bolt to rotate, the vertical component force enables the bolt to move upwards, and the thread structure is meshed with the nut to achieve fastening connection. Under the fastening connection state, the anti-rotation structure controls the bolt structural member to be unable to be unlocked, and the whole mechanism is in a locking state, so that the battery pack and the vehicle body are fastened together.
The joint form can be realized through other structures, such as screw structure is got rid of to the bolt structure spare, increases to set up boss structure, and its cooperation nut structure also gets rid of the screw thread, sets up rotary-type recess slide structure. The boss of the bolt structural member is rotated, ascended and slid in the rotary groove slideway of the nut structural member in the connecting and locking process, when the boss structure reaches a preset position, the boss structure slides to a concave point arranged in the groove slideway structure, and the boss structure is fixedly clamped in the concave point structure, so that the connecting and locking function of the battery pack and the vehicle body is realized. When the battery pack and the vehicle body need to be separated, the battery pack is acted by upward supporting force of the tray, the boss structure and the concave point in the mechanism are separated, and the battery pack is rotated and lowered along the groove slide way structure under the action of rotating force, so that the separation function is realized.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition to the foregoing, references in the specification to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described in general terms in the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is intended that such feature, structure, or characteristic be implemented within the scope of the invention.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A locking mechanism, comprising:
a first connector (10);
a second connector (20);
a locking member (30), the locking member (30) having a first locking position for locking the first connector (10) and the second connector (20), and the locking member (30) having a first release position for releasing the first connector (10) and the second connector (20);
the positioning assembly (40), positioning assembly (40) with retaining member (30) are connected, positioning assembly (40) have with retaining member (30) locking second locking position, and positioning assembly (40) have with retaining member (30) go on the second release position that releases, wherein, retaining member (30) are located when first locking position, positioning assembly (40) are located second locking position, retaining member (30) are located when first release position, positioning assembly (40) are located the second release position.
2. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the locking member (30) is in a rod-like structure, the positioning assembly (40) restricts circumferential rotation of the locking member (30) when the positioning assembly (40) is in the second locked position, and the locking member (30) is rotatably disposed circumferentially when the positioning assembly (40) is in the second released position.
3. The locking mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the positioning assembly (40) comprises:
a lock ring (41), the lock ring (41) being disposed along a circumferential direction of the lock member (30);
the inclined plane ring gear (42), inclined plane ring gear (42) with second connecting piece (20) are connected, retaining member (30) can drive along vertical direction locking ring (41) are relative inclined plane ring gear (42) is removed the ground and is set up, the orientation of inclined plane ring gear (42) locking ring (41) surface is provided with the skewed tooth structure, locking ring (41) inner peripheral face be provided with skewed tooth structure complex rotation stopping structure, locating component (40) are located when the second locking position, locking ring (41) overlap joint in on inclined plane ring gear (42), locating component (40) are located when the second release position, locking ring (41) with separation of inclined plane ring gear (42).
4. A locking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the second connecting member (20) has a receiving chamber (21), the inner peripheral surface of the receiving chamber (21) is provided with a snap spring (50), the locking ring (41) is located above the snap spring (50), and the bevel gear ring (42) is located below the snap spring (50).
5. The locking mechanism according to claim 4, wherein a stop ring (31) is arranged in the middle of the locking member (30), the stop ring (31) is located in the accommodating cavity (21), a through hole is formed in one side, facing the first connecting member (10), of the accommodating cavity (21), the locking member (30) passes through the through hole and is connected with the first connecting member (10), the outer diameter of the stop ring (31) is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole, a spring (60) is further arranged in the accommodating cavity (21), the spring (60) is arranged along the circumferential direction of the locking member (30), one end of the spring (60) is abutted with the locking ring (41), and the other end of the spring (60) is abutted with the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity (21).
6. Locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the first connecting piece (10) is provided with a nut (11), the locking piece (30) being in threaded connection with the nut (11).
7. The locking mechanism according to claim 6, further comprising a nut housing (12) and a nut back cover (13), wherein the body of the first connector (10) is arranged between the nut housing (12) and the nut back cover (13), and wherein the body of the first connector (10) on both sides of the nut (11) is provided with a disc spring (14).
8. A vehicle comprising a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the locking mechanism is for locking a battery assembly of the vehicle.
9. The vehicle of claim 8, characterized in that the vehicle comprises an underbody boundary beam (70), the first connector (10) of the locking mechanism is connected with the underbody boundary beam (70), the battery assembly has a lifting lug (80), and the lifting lug (80) is connected with the second connector (20).
10. The vehicle of claim 9, characterized in that the first connector (10) is integrally formed with the underbody side rail (70) and the lifting lug (80) is integrally formed with the second connector (20).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310382695.3A CN116093530B (en) | 2023-04-12 | 2023-04-12 | Locking mechanism and vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310382695.3A CN116093530B (en) | 2023-04-12 | 2023-04-12 | Locking mechanism and vehicle |
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| CN116093530A true CN116093530A (en) | 2023-05-09 |
| CN116093530B CN116093530B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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| CN116093530B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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