CN116085432A - Gearbox and new energy engineering machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and discloses a gearbox and new energy engineering machinery, wherein a first planetary gear structure comprises a first sun gear, a first gear ring, first planetary gears meshed with the first sun gear and the first gear ring, and a first planet carrier for supporting the first planetary gears, a first clutch can connect or disconnect the first gear ring and a shell, a second planetary gear structure comprises a second sun gear, a second gear ring, second planetary gears meshed with the second sun gear and the second gear ring, and a second planet carrier for supporting the second planetary gears, the second gear ring is fixedly connected with the first planet carrier, the second clutch can connect or disconnect the second gear ring and the shell, a gear shaft is fixedly arranged on the second sun gear in a penetrating manner, an output gear and the second planet carrier are fixedly connected with a connecting disc, the output gear is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the gearbox, and a third clutch can connect or disconnect the output gear and the gear shaft. Can meet the multi-gear requirement of the new energy engineering machinery.

Description

Gearbox and new energy engineering machinery

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a gearbox and new energy engineering machinery.

Background

A gearbox is one of the key components of a power system of a construction machine and is a mechanism for changing the rotational speed and torque from a power source. In recent years, new energy technology is rapidly developed, the new energy technology is driven by a motor to drive a gearbox, and the motor is different from a traditional engine, so that the transmission efficiency is high, the speed regulation range is wide, the forward or reverse rotation can be realized, and the requirement on the gearbox can be greatly simplified. At present, domestic engineering machinery is still in a starting stage in the field of new energy, and the existing gearbox assembly arranged on a diesel engine is generally directly used, but the gearbox assembly arranged on the diesel engine has the defects of heavy weight, multiple gears, complicated operation, high cost and the like. In the prior art, a gearbox arranged on an electric loader is generally simplified into a high gear and a low gear, wherein the high gear meets the transition working condition, and the low gear meets the working condition, such as a published 2-gear planetary structure gearbox and a 2-gear fixed shaft structure gearbox, and the gearboxes are all 2-gear gearboxes. However, construction machines, and particularly scooptrams, require a gearbox with multiple gears to meet the operating requirements of different operating conditions, e.g., new energy mining trucks are different from loaders, and 2-gear gearboxes have generally been difficult to meet the requirements of new energy mining trucks, which require gearboxes with at least 3 forward gears. Therefore, there is a need for a multi-gear transmission suitable for new energy engineering machinery.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a gearbox and a new energy engineering machine, so as to solve the problem that a multi-gear gearbox suitable for the new energy engineering machine is needed at present.

To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a gearbox, comprising:

a housing;

the input shaft is rotatably arranged on the shell;

the first planetary gear structure comprises a first sun gear, a first gear ring, a first planet gear meshed with the first sun gear and the first gear ring, and a first planet carrier supporting the first planet gear, wherein the first sun gear and the first gear ring are fixedly sleeved on the input shaft;

a first clutch that can connect or disconnect the first ring gear and the housing;

the second planetary gear structure comprises a second sun gear, a second gear ring, a second planet gear and a second planet carrier, wherein the second sun gear and the second gear ring are fixedly sleeved on the input shaft, the second planet gear is meshed with the second sun gear and the second gear ring, the second planet carrier supports the second planet gear, and the second gear ring is fixedly connected with the first planet carrier;

a second clutch that can connect or disconnect the second ring gear and the housing;

the gear shaft is coaxially arranged with the input shaft, and the gear shaft is fixedly arranged through the second sun gear;

the output gear and the second planet carrier are fixedly connected with the connecting disc, and the output gear is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the gearbox;

and a third clutch capable of connecting or disconnecting the output gear with or from the gear shaft.

As a preferable scheme of the gearbox, the first clutch comprises a first piston, a first friction pair and an isolation frame fixedly connected with the shell, the shell is provided with a first accommodating cavity and a first oil inlet which are communicated, the first piston is arranged in the first accommodating cavity in a sliding penetrating mode, the first friction pair is connected with the first gear ring, the first friction pair is located between the first piston and the isolation frame, and the first piston can push the first friction pair to compress the isolation frame so that the relative positions of the first gear ring and the isolation frame are fixed.

As a preferred scheme of the gearbox, the second clutch comprises a second piston, a second friction pair and a first cylinder body, the first cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the shell, the first cylinder body is provided with a second containing cavity and a second oil inlet which are communicated, the second piston is arranged in the second containing cavity in a sliding penetrating mode, the second friction pair is connected with the second gear ring, the second friction pair is located between the second piston and the isolation frame, and the second piston can push the second friction pair to press the isolation frame so that the relative position of the second gear ring and the isolation frame is fixed.

As a preferable mode of the gearbox, the gearbox further comprises a first reset elastic piece, and two ends of the first reset elastic piece are respectively abutted with the first piston and the second piston.

As a preferable scheme of the gearbox, the third clutch comprises a third piston, a third friction pair and a second cylinder body, the second cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the shell, a third containing cavity and a third oil inlet are formed in the second cylinder body, the third piston penetrates through the third containing cavity in a sliding mode, the third friction pair is connected with the gear shaft, the third friction pair is located between the third piston and the output gear, and the third piston can push the third friction pair to press the output gear so that the relative positions of the output gear and the gear shaft are fixed.

As a preferable mode of the gearbox, the gearbox further comprises a second reset elastic piece, and two ends of the second reset elastic piece are respectively abutted with the third piston and the shell.

As a preferable scheme of the gearbox, the first planet carrier is fixedly provided with first connecting teeth, the second gear ring is provided with first tooth grooves, and the first connecting teeth are inserted into the tooth grooves.

As a preferable mode of the gearbox, the second gear ring is provided with a step surface, and one end of the first connecting tooth in the axial direction is abutted against the step surface.

As a preferable scheme of the gearbox, the gearbox further comprises a retainer ring, the second gear ring is provided with a limiting groove, the retainer ring is partially inserted into the limiting groove, and the other end of the first connecting tooth in the axial direction is abutted to the retainer ring.

The invention also provides a new energy engineering machine, which comprises the gearbox.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a gearbox and new energy engineering machinery, wherein a first gear ring is connected with a first clutch, the first clutch can connect or disconnect the first gear ring with a shell, a first planet carrier is connected with a second gear ring, the second clutch can connect or disconnect the second gear ring with the shell, a gear shaft is fixedly arranged on a second sun gear in a penetrating way, an output gear and the second planet carrier are fixedly connected with a connecting disc, and a third clutch can connect or disconnect the output gear with the gear shaft. The gearbox is suitable for new energy engineering machinery, an input shaft of the gearbox is in transmission connection with an output shaft of a motor, the gearbox is provided with 3 gears, and when the motor rotates positively, the 3 gears are all forward gears; when the motor rotates reversely, the 3 gears are all reverse gears, so that the multi-gear requirement of the new energy engineering machinery can be met. The multi-gear gearbox with a brand new transmission route is realized by the aid of the minimum structural change based on the existing mature gearbox structure, the universality degree of parts is high, the development cost and verification period are greatly reduced, and the multi-gear gearbox is easy to produce in batches.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmission provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a second ring gear of a transmission provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a first carrier of a transmission provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first ring gear of a gearbox according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a housing; 101. a first oil inlet;

2. an input shaft;

3. a first planetary gear structure; 31. a first sun gear; 32. a first planet; 33. a first ring gear; 34. a first planet carrier; 331. a second connecting tooth; 341. a first connection tooth;

4. a second planetary gear structure; 41. a second sun gear; 42. a second planet wheel; 43. a second ring gear; 44. a second carrier; 431. a step surface; 432. a limit groove; 433. a third connecting tooth;

5. a first clutch; 51. a first piston; 52. a first friction pair; 53. an isolation frame;

6. a second clutch; 61. a second piston; 62. a second friction pair; 63. a first cylinder; 631. second oil inlet

7. A third clutch; 71. a third piston; 72. a third friction pair; 73. a second cylinder; 731. third oil inlet

8. A connecting disc;

9. a gear shaft;

10. an output gear;

11. a first return elastic member;

12. and (5) a retainer ring.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.

The invention provides a gearbox and a new energy engineering machine, as shown in fig. 1, the gearbox comprises a shell 1, an input shaft 2, a first planetary gear structure 3, a first clutch 5, a second planetary gear structure 4, a second clutch 6, a second gear shaft 9, a connecting disc 8, an output gear 10 and a third clutch 7, wherein the input shaft 2 is rotatably arranged on the shell 1, the first planetary gear structure 3 comprises a first sun gear 31 fixedly sleeved on the input shaft 2, a first gear ring 33, a first planet gear 32 meshed with the first sun gear 31 and the first gear ring 33, a first planet carrier 34 supporting the first planet gear 32, the first clutch 5 can connect or disconnect the first gear ring 33 with the shell 1, the second planetary gear structure 4 comprises a second sun gear 41 fixedly sleeved on the input shaft 2, a second gear ring 43, a second planet gear shaft 42 meshed with the second sun gear 41 and the second gear ring 43, and a second planet carrier 44 supporting the second planet gear 42, the second gear shaft 43 is fixedly connected with the first planet carrier 34 and the second planet gear shaft 43 and the first planet carrier 9 or disconnect the first planetary gear shaft 9 from the output shaft 10, and the first planetary gear structure 4 can be fixedly connected with the first planetary gear structure 10 or disconnect the first planetary gear structure 9 and the output shaft 10 from the first planetary gear structure.

The gearbox is suitable for new energy engineering machinery, an input shaft 2 of the gearbox is in transmission connection with an output shaft of a motor, the gearbox is provided with 3 gears, and when the motor rotates positively, the 3 gears are all forward gears; when the motor rotates reversely, the 3 gears are all reverse gears, so that the multi-gear requirement of the new energy engineering machinery can be met.

The number of teeth of the first sun gear 31 is Z1, the number of teeth of the first planet gears 32 is Z2, the number of teeth of the first ring gear 33 is Z3, the number of teeth of the second sun gear 41 is Z4, the number of teeth of the second planet gears 42 is Z5, and the number of teeth of the second ring gear 43 is Z6.

When a first gear is engaged, the second clutch 6 is in a connected state, and the first clutch 5 and the third clutch 7 are in a disconnected state. The second clutch 6 connects the second gear ring 43 with the housing 1, the position of the second gear ring 43 is fixed, the input shaft 2 drives the second sun gear 41 to rotate, the second sun gear 41 drives the second planet carrier 44 to rotate through the second planet gear 42, the second planet carrier 44 drives the connecting disc 8 to rotate, the connecting disc 8 drives the output gear 10 to rotate, and the output gear 10 drives the output shaft of the gearbox to rotate. The second ring gear 43 is fixed, the second sun gear 41 inputs power, the second carrier 44 outputs power, and the first gear ratio i1=1+k1, where k1=z6/Z4, is calculated according to the planetary gear ratio calculation formula.

When the second gear is engaged, the first clutch 5 is in the engaged state, and the second clutch 6 and the third clutch 7 are in the disengaged state. The first clutch 5 connects the first gear ring 33 with the housing 1, the first gear ring 33 is fixed, the input shaft 2 drives the first sun gear 31 and the second sun gear 41 to rotate, the first sun gear 31 drives the first planet carrier 34 to rotate through the first planet gears 32, the first planet carrier 34 drives the second gear ring 43 to rotate, the second gear ring 43 and the second sun gear 41 jointly drive the second planet carrier 44 to rotate through the second planet gears 42, the second planet carrier 44 drives the connecting disc 8 to rotate, the connecting disc 8 drives the output gear 10 to rotate, and the output gear 10 drives the output shaft of the gearbox to rotate. The second ring gear 43 and the second sun gear 41 input power together, the second carrier 44 outputs power, and the speed ratio i2= (1+k1) (1+k2)/(1+k1+k2) of the second gear is calculated according to the planetary gear ratio calculation formula, where k1=z3/Z1, k2=z6/Z4.

When three gears are engaged, the third clutch 7 is in a connected state, and the first clutch 5 and the second clutch 6 are in a disconnected state. The third clutch 7 connects the gear shaft 9 and the output gear 10. The input shaft 2 drives the second sun gear 41 to rotate, the second sun gear 41 drives the gear shaft 9 to rotate, and the gear shaft 9 drives the output gear 10 to rotate. Since the second carrier 44, the connecting disc 8, the output gear 10, the gear shaft 9 and the second sun gear 41 are all fixedly connected, the relative positions of the second sun gear 41 and the second carrier 44 in the second planetary gear structure 4 are locked at this time, and therefore the second ring gear 43, the second carrier 44 and the second sun gear 41 rotate at the same speed, and the three-gear speed ratio i3=1.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1-3, the first planet carrier 34 is fixedly provided with first connecting teeth 341, and the second gear ring 43 is provided with first tooth grooves, and the first connecting teeth 341 are inserted into the tooth grooves. The outer ring of the first carrier 34 is provided with first connecting teeth 341, and the inner ring of the second ring gear 43 is provided with first tooth grooves. The first carrier 34 and the second ring gear 43 are connected by first connecting teeth 341. Optionally, the number of the first connecting teeth 341 and the number of the first tooth grooves are multiple, and the first connecting teeth 341 and the first tooth grooves are in one-to-one corresponding connection.

Alternatively, the second ring gear 43 is provided with a stepped surface 431, and one end of the first connecting tooth 341 in the axial direction abuts against the stepped surface 431. The step surface 431 is used for axially limiting the first connecting tooth 341.

Optionally, the gearbox further includes a retaining ring 12, the second gear ring 43 is provided with a limiting groove 432, the retaining ring 12 is partially inserted into the limiting groove 432, and the other end of the first connecting tooth 341 in the axial direction is abutted against the retaining ring 12. The retainer ring 12 is used for axially limiting the first connecting teeth 341. The first connection teeth 341 are located between the stepped surface 431 and the retainer ring 12, preventing the first connection teeth 341 from moving in the axial direction.

Optionally, the first clutch 5 includes a first piston 51, a first friction pair 52 and a spacer 53 fixedly connected with the housing 1, the housing 1 is provided with a first accommodating cavity and a first oil inlet 101 which are communicated, the first piston 51 is slidably arranged in the first accommodating cavity, the first friction pair 52 is connected with the first gear ring 33, the first friction pair 52 is located between the first piston 51 and the spacer 53, and the first piston 51 can push the first friction pair 52 to press the spacer 53 so as to fix the relative positions of the first gear ring 33 and the spacer 53. When the second gear is engaged, the first oil inlet 101 is used for feeding oil, the first piston 51 is pushed to slide in the direction approaching the first friction pair 52, the first piston 51 pushes the first friction pair 52 to press the isolation frame 53, the isolation frame 53 is connected with the shell 1 because the first friction pair 52 is connected with the first gear ring 33, and when the first friction pair 52 presses the isolation frame 53, the first gear ring 33 is connected with the shell 1.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, a plurality of second connection teeth 331 are uniformly distributed on the outer ring of the first gear ring 33, the first friction pair 52 is provided with a plurality of second tooth grooves, the plurality of second connection teeth 331 are inserted into the plurality of second tooth grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the second tooth grooves extend along the axial direction, the second connection teeth 331 can slide in the second tooth grooves along the axial direction, and the second gear ring 43 cannot rotate relative to the first friction pair 52. The first ring gear 33 is connected to the first friction pair 52 via the second connecting teeth 331. In other embodiments, the first ring gear 33 and the first friction pair 52 may also be connected by keys.

Optionally, the second clutch 6 includes a second piston 61, a second friction pair 62 and a first cylinder 63, where the first cylinder 63 is fixedly disposed on the housing 1, the first cylinder 63 is provided with a second receiving cavity and a second oil inlet 631, the second piston 61 is slidably disposed in the second receiving cavity, the second friction pair 62 is connected with the second gear ring 43, the second friction pair 62 is located between the second piston 61 and the isolation frame 53, and the second piston 61 can push the second friction pair 62 to press the isolation frame 53 so as to fix the relative positions of the second gear ring 43 and the isolation frame 53. When the gear is engaged, the second oil inlet 631 is filled with oil, so that the second piston 61 is pushed to slide in a direction approaching the second friction pair 62 until the second friction pair 62 is pushed to press the isolation frame 53, and because the isolation frame 53 is fixedly connected with the shell 1, the second friction pair 62 is connected with the second gear ring 43, and when the second friction pair 62 presses the isolation frame 53, the second gear ring 43 is connected with the shell 1. It will be appreciated that the first clutch 5 and the second clutch 6 share a separator 53, and that the first friction pair 52 and the second friction pair 62 are located on either side of the separator 53.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of third connecting teeth 433 are uniformly distributed on the outer ring of the second gear ring 43, the second friction pair 62 is provided with a plurality of third tooth grooves, the plurality of third connecting teeth 433 are inserted into the plurality of third tooth grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the third tooth grooves extend along the axial direction, the third connecting teeth 433 slide in the third tooth grooves along the axial direction, and the second gear ring 43 cannot rotate relative to the second friction pair 62. In other embodiments, the second ring gear 43 and the second friction pair 62 may also be connected by a key.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the gearbox further includes a first return elastic member 11, and two ends of the first return elastic member 11 respectively abut against the first piston 51 and the second piston 61. It can be understood that the first clutch 5 and the second clutch 6 share one first return elastic member 11, and the first return elastic member 11 can push the first piston 51 to slide in a direction approaching the first oil inlet 101 until one end of the first piston 51 abuts against the housing 1, and can push the second piston 61 to slide in a direction approaching the second oil inlet 631 until one end of the second piston 61 abuts against the first cylinder 63.

Optionally, the third clutch 7 includes a third piston 71, a third friction pair 72 and a second cylinder 73, where the second cylinder 73 is fixedly disposed on the housing 1, the second cylinder 73 is provided with a third accommodating cavity and a third oil inlet 731, the third piston 71 is slidably disposed in the third accommodating cavity, the third friction pair 72 is connected with the gear shaft 9, the third friction pair 72 is located between the third piston 71 and the output gear 10, and the third piston 71 can push the third friction pair 72 to press the output gear 10 so as to fix the relative positions of the output gear 10 and the gear shaft 9. When the third gear is engaged, the third oil inlet 731 is used for oil feeding, so that the third piston 71 is pushed to slide towards the direction of the third friction pair 72 until the third friction pair 72 presses the output gear 10, and when the third friction pair 72 presses the output gear 10, the output gear 10 is connected with the gear shaft 9 because the third friction pair 72 is connected with the gear shaft 9.

Optionally, a plurality of fourth connecting teeth are uniformly distributed on the outer ring of the gear shaft 9, the third friction pair 72 is provided with a plurality of fourth tooth grooves, the fourth connecting teeth are correspondingly inserted into the fourth tooth grooves one by one, the fourth tooth grooves extend along the axial direction, the fourth connecting teeth can slide in the fourth tooth grooves along the axial direction, and the gear shaft 9 cannot rotate relative to the third friction pair 72. In other embodiments, the gear shaft 9 and the third friction pair 72 may also be connected by a key.

Optionally, the gearbox further comprises a second reset elastic piece, and two ends of the second reset elastic piece are respectively abutted with the third piston 71 and the shell 1. The elastic restoring force of the second restoring elastic member can push the third piston 71 to slide in a direction approaching the third oil inlet 731.

The invention also provides new energy engineering machinery, which comprises the gearbox and a motor, wherein the motor is in transmission connection with the input shaft 2 of the gearbox, and the motor inputs power to the gearbox.

It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. Gearbox, its characterized in that includes:

a housing (1);

an input shaft (2), wherein the input shaft (2) is rotatably arranged on the shell (1);

a first planetary gear structure (3), wherein the first planetary gear structure (3) comprises a first sun gear (31), a first gear ring (33), a first planet gear (32) meshed with the first sun gear (31) and the first gear ring (33) and a first planet carrier (34) supporting the first planet gear (32), which are fixedly sleeved on the input shaft (2);

-a first clutch (5), said first clutch (5) being able to connect or disconnect said first ring gear (33) and said housing (1);

the second planetary gear structure (4), the second planetary gear structure (4) comprises a second sun gear (41), a second gear ring (43), a second planet gear (42) meshed with the second sun gear (41) and the second gear ring (43) and a second planet carrier (44) supporting the second planet gear (42), and the second gear ring (43) is fixedly connected with the first planet carrier (34);

-a second clutch (6), said second clutch (6) being able to connect or disconnect said second ring gear (43) and said housing (1);

the gear shaft (9) is coaxially arranged with the input shaft (2), and the gear shaft (9) is fixedly arranged through the second sun gear (41);

the transmission device comprises a connecting disc (8) and an output gear (10), wherein the output gear (10) and the second planet carrier (44) are fixedly connected with the connecting disc (8), and the output gear (10) is in transmission connection with an output shaft of a gearbox;

-a third clutch (7), said third clutch (7) being capable of connecting or disconnecting said output gear (10) with said gear shaft (9).

2. Gearbox according to claim 1, wherein the first clutch (5) comprises a first piston (51), a first friction pair (52) and a spacer (53) fixedly connected with the housing (1), the housing (1) is provided with a first accommodating cavity and a first oil inlet (101) which are communicated, the first piston (51) is slidably arranged in the first accommodating cavity, the first friction pair (52) is connected with the first gear ring (33), the first friction pair (52) is arranged between the first piston (51) and the spacer (53), and the first piston (51) can push the first friction pair (52) to press the spacer (53) so that the relative positions of the first gear ring (33) and the spacer (53) are fixed.

3. Gearbox according to claim 2, wherein the second clutch (6) comprises a second piston (61), a second friction pair (62) and a first cylinder (63), the first cylinder (63) is fixedly arranged on the shell (1), the first cylinder (63) is provided with a second containing cavity and a second oil inlet (631) which are communicated, the second piston (61) is slidably arranged in the second containing cavity, the second friction pair (62) is connected with the second gear ring (43), the second friction pair (62) is arranged between the second piston (61) and the isolation frame (53), and the second piston (61) can push the second friction pair (62) to press the isolation frame (53) so that the relative positions of the second gear ring (43) and the isolation frame (53) are fixed.

4. A gearbox according to claim 3, further comprising a first return spring (11), the ends of the first return spring (11) being in abutment with the first piston (51) and the second piston (61), respectively.

5. Gearbox according to claim 1, wherein the third clutch (7) comprises a third piston (71), a third friction pair (72) and a second cylinder body (73), wherein the second cylinder body (73) is fixedly arranged on the shell (1), the second cylinder body (73) is provided with a third containing cavity and a third oil inlet (731) which are communicated, the third piston (71) is slidably arranged in the third containing cavity, the third friction pair (72) is connected with the gear shaft (9), the third friction pair (72) is arranged between the third piston (71) and the output gear (10), and the third piston (71) can push the third friction pair (72) to press the output gear (10) so as to fix the relative positions of the output gear (10) and the gear shaft (9).

6. Gearbox according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a second return spring, the ends of which are in abutment with the third piston (71) and the housing (1), respectively.

7. Gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that the first planet carrier (34) is fixedly provided with first connecting teeth (341), the second ring gear (43) is provided with first tooth grooves, and the first connecting teeth (341) are inserted into the tooth grooves.

8. Gearbox according to claim 7, characterized in that the second ring gear (43) is provided with a step surface (431), and that one end of the first connecting tooth (341) in the axial direction abuts against the step surface (431).

9. The gearbox according to claim 7, further comprising a retainer ring (12), wherein the second gear ring (43) is provided with a limiting groove (432), the retainer ring (12) is partially inserted into the limiting groove (432), and the other end of the first connecting tooth (341) in the axial direction is abutted against the retainer ring (12).

10. New energy engineering machine, characterized by comprising a gearbox according to any of claims 1-9.

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