CN116083800A - Silver-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Silver-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017937 Ag-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017984 Ag—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 10
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052946 acanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940056910 silver sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- PGWMQVQLSMAHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenesilver Chemical compound [Ag]=S PGWMQVQLSMAHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940100890 silver compound Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003379 silver compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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Abstract
The invention discloses silver-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: less than or equal to 0.08, si: less than or equal to 0.5, mn:1.0 to 2.0, P: less than or equal to 0.04, S: less than or equal to 0.002, ni:8.0 to 9.0, cr:18.0 to 19.0, N: less than or equal to 0.08, ag:0.10 to 0.15, (Ag-20 xS) is more than or equal to 0.10, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities. In the preparation process, the superheat degree of the continuous casting molten steel is 30-40 ℃, and the continuous casting billet pulling speed is more than or equal to 1.2m/min; the initial temperature of hot rolling is 1180-1200 ℃, and the hot rolled plate is annealed and pickled at 1050-1070 ℃ for 5-10 seconds; and (3) after cold rolling, preserving heat for 5-10 seconds at 1050-1070 ℃ for annealing and pickling. The material has excellent antibacterial property and hot workability and can save raw material cost by limiting (Ag-20 xS) to more than or equal to 0.10 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a stainless steel smelting process, in particular to silver-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The antibacterial stainless steel is prepared by adding metal elements (such as copper, silver and the like) with antibacterial effect into conventional stainless steel, and performing special heat treatment to form uniform and fine antibacterial metal copper or silver particles in a matrix, so that the finally produced steel has good antibacterial performance. The antibacterial stainless steel has excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial performance, good plasticity and corrosion resistance and wide application prospect.
Many enterprises and scientific research institutions in China are devoted to the development of antibacterial stainless steel. The units of the institute of metal, bao-steel, tai-steel, wine steel and the like are developing antibacterial stainless steel containing copper such as ferrite and austenite. Copper-containing austenitic antimicrobial stainless steel products have been reported to have been produced by the Zhejiang Tianbao Utility company. The Changzhou large flat stainless steel products company pushes out antibacterial stainless steel with silver plated surfaces, and some kitchen ware has been produced. But so far no products of these enterprises are seen to be in circulation in the market. The national Commission on improvement in 2008 issued copper-containing antimicrobial stainless steel metallurgical industry standard, standard number YB/T4147-2008.
The antibacterial stainless steel developed in the past mainly comprises copper elements, a special heat treatment process is added in the production of the copper-containing antibacterial stainless steel, and the copper with higher content can lead the material to generate crack tendency in continuous casting and rolling, so that the addition amount of the copper is strictly limited, and the antibacterial performance of the copper-containing antibacterial stainless steel is also influenced. The production of silver-containing antibacterial stainless steel does not need to increase a special heat treatment process, and has good long-acting antibacterial property and great development potential. However, silver has a small solubility in stainless steel and is easily segregated, thereby degrading antibacterial performance. If the addition amount is too large, the hot workability of the stainless steel is remarkably lowered, serious hot-rolled surface crack defects are generated, and the cost is increased. Therefore, research on reasonable addition amount of silver and how to uniformly distribute silver element in stainless steel is a key technology of silver-containing antibacterial stainless steel.
In the publication number CN1272889a patent, silver-containing antimicrobial stainless steel was developed which contained: more than 10% by weight of Cr,0.001 to 0.30% by weight of Ag, or 0.001 to 1.0% by weight of V. Further, 0.0005% or more of silver oxide is dispersed in the stainless steel, and the silver oxide content is 1.1 times or less of the silver content. In order to uniformly disperse silver oxide in stainless steel, when continuous casting of molten steel is performed, the continuous casting rate is preferably 0.8 to 1.6 m/min. Similar methods exist in the publication CN1256716a, which comprises the following components: 10% by weight or more of Cr,0.001 to 1% by weight of Ag, or further comprising Sn:0.0002 to 0.02 wt% of Zn:0.002 to 0.02 wt% of Pt: 1 or more of 0.0002 to 0.02 wt% and 1 or more of silver particles, silver oxide and silver sulfide, which are on average 500 μm or less, are dispersed in the stainless steel so that the total area ratio is 0.001% or more. In order to uniformly disperse silver particles, silver oxide and silver sulfide, the continuous casting speed is 0.8-1.6 m/min. It can be seen that the key technology of these two patents is to control the continuous casting rate so that silver particles and silver compounds are uniformly distributed in the alloy for the purpose of obtaining high antibacterial rate. Therefore, different smelting and continuous casting equipment and production processes are required to be fuelled, and the industrial production test period is long and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a silver-containing austenitic antimicrobial stainless steel.
The first technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the silver-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: less than or equal to 0.08, si: less than or equal to 0.5, mn:1.0 to 2.0, P: less than or equal to 0.04, S: less than or equal to 0.002, ni:8.0 to 9.0, cr:18.0 to 19.0, N: less than or equal to 0.08, ag:0.10 to 0.15, (Ag-20 xS) is more than or equal to 0.10, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The austenitic stainless steel comprises the following components in design:
carbon: the content of the strong austenite forming element is preferably 0.08% or less, although the corrosion resistance is reduced by too much.
Silicon: the deoxidizing agent is added, but the strength is enhanced excessively, the plasticity is reduced, and the control is preferably controlled below 0.5%.
Manganese: considering that manganese plays a role in stabilizing austenite, nickel can be saved, cost is reduced, but corrosion resistance is reduced due to excessive manganese, and the manganese is controlled to be 1.0-2.0% more suitably.
Phosphorus: if phosphorus is more than 0.04% or less, the corrosion resistance is preferably lowered.
Chromium: when the content of the important element for improving the corrosion resistance is less than 18.0%, the corrosion resistance is poor and the use requirement cannot be met, but when the content exceeds 19.0%, the tendency of forming ferrite structure is increased, and the content is preferably controlled to be 18.0-19.0%.
Nitrogen: is an austenite forming element, and the requirement of N is less than or equal to 0.08 percent, so that the alloy has better plasticity and is easy to smelt.
Nickel: as elements for strongly forming and expanding the austenitic structure, proper addition amount is selected according to the quantity of other elements and the production process, so as to achieve the aim of controlling the structure. When the nickel content is less than 8.0%, the single-phase austenite structure is not easy to ensure, but the nickel price is higher and should be controlled below 9.0%.
Silver, sulfur: silver has antibacterial property, the antibacterial property is not ideal when the silver content is low, the cost is increased when the silver content is high, adverse effects are brought to the hot processing of materials, and serious hot-rolled surface crack defects are easy to generate.
Compared with the prior patent literature which focuses on controlling the process, silver particles and silver compounds are uniformly distributed in the alloy, so that different smelting and continuous casting equipment and production processes are required to be searched, the problems of long industrial production test period and high cost are solved, and the inventor starts from the component proportion and discovers through intensive research: silver and sulfur in stainless steel are very easy to combine to form silver-sulfur compound, so that the antibacterial property of the material can be obviously lost; and the silver-sulfur compound can aggregate to form silver sulfide particles with low melting point, and can be partially polymerized at a grain boundary, so that the hot workability of the material can be damaged. Therefore, in designing the composition of silver-containing antimicrobial stainless steel, not only proper silver content and lower sulfur content need to be controlled, but also damage to the antimicrobial performance by silver-sulfur compounds should be considered. Aiming at the characteristics of the alloy chemical component system, the inventor provides the following requirements Ag: 0.10-0.15%, S: less than or equal to 0.002 percent, and more than or equal to 0.10 percent (Ag-20 xS) is more suitable, thereby not only ensuring that the material has excellent antibacterial performance and hot workability, but also saving raw material cost.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the silver-containing austenitic antimicrobial stainless steel.
The second technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a method for manufacturing silver-containing austenitic antimicrobial stainless steel, comprising the steps of:
1) Smelting two elements of silver and nickel according to the weight percentage to prepare Ag-Ni binary alloy;
2) Mixing Ag-Ni binary alloy and other chemical components of the austenitic antibacterial stainless steel, smelting and continuously casting
Forming billets; the superheat degree of the molten steel is 30-40 ℃, and the continuous casting billet pulling speed is more than or equal to 1.2m/min;
3) And (3) hot rolling: wherein the initial temperature of hot rolling is 1180-1200 ℃, the side pressure of hot rolling is 20-30 mm, and the hot rolled plate is annealed and pickled at 1050-1070 ℃ for 5-10 seconds to obtain a hot rolled product;
4) And (3) carrying out cold rolling and heat preservation at 1050-1070 ℃ for 5-10 seconds for annealing and pickling after cold rolling to obtain a cold-rolled product.
The second purpose of the invention is to control the lower superheat degree of molten steel and the higher pulling speed of continuous casting billet to uniformly and finely distribute silver particles in a matrix, improve the antibacterial property of the material, refine the cast structure, reduce the segregation growth of silver particles and silver sulfide particles at grain boundaries, further improve the hot processing property of the material and avoid the generation of crack defects on the hot rolling surface. When the superheat degree is less than 30 ℃, the increase of the production difficulty is difficult to realize; the superheat degree is more than 40 ℃, the drawing speed of the continuous casting billet is reduced, and the hot working and antibacterial performance of the material are reduced. By controlling the lower hot rolling temperature and the larger hot rolling side pressure, the occurrence of surface crack defects can be avoided. The hot rolling temperature is lower than 1180 ℃ or the lateral pressure is larger than 30mm, and the increase of the hot rolling difficulty is difficult to realize; the hot rolling temperature is higher than 1200 ℃ or the lateral pressure is smaller than 20mm, and surface cracks are easy to generate. By controlling the high-temperature short-time annealing, the structure can be thinned, silver particles can be thinned, and the antibacterial property of the material can be improved. The annealing temperature is lower than 1050 ℃ or the annealing time is lower than 5 seconds, so that the mechanical properties of the material can be reduced; the antimicrobial properties of the material may be reduced with annealing temperatures above 1070 c or annealing times greater than 10 seconds.
In summary, the antibacterial property of the material is guaranteed to be as high as 99.999% by controlling the reasonable proportion of each component in the component design, especially controlling the proper silver content and the lower sulfur content, the raw material cost is greatly saved, the generation of crack defects on the hot-rolled surface is prevented by adjusting the process, the antibacterial property of the material is prevented from being reduced by the process, and the yield of the antibacterial austenitic stainless steel is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a TEM back-scattered photograph of an austenitic antimicrobial silver-containing stainless steel according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the white bright spots are silver particles.
Detailed Description
The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail.
Example 1
The silver-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight (wt%): c:0.048, si:0.39, mn:1.1, P:0.024, S:0, ni:8.1, cr:18.2, n:0.045, ag:0.10, (Ag-20×s) =0.10, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the manufacturing method of the silver-containing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel comprises the following steps:
1) Smelting two elements of silver and nickel according to a proportion to prepare an Ag-Ni binary alloy;
2) Mixing Ag-Ni binary alloy and other chemical components of the austenitic antibacterial stainless steel, smelting and continuously casting
Forming billets; the superheat degree of the molten steel is 30-40 ℃, and the continuous casting billet pulling speed is more than or equal to 1.2m/min;
3) And (3) hot rolling: wherein the initial temperature of hot rolling is 1180-1200 ℃, the side pressure of hot rolling is 20-30 mm, and the hot rolled plate is annealed and pickled at 1050-1070 ℃ for 5-10 seconds to obtain a hot rolled product;
4) And (3) carrying out cold rolling and heat preservation at 1050-1070 ℃ for 5-10 seconds for annealing and pickling after cold rolling to obtain a cold-rolled product.
Examples 2 to 5
The manufacturing process parameters of examples 2-5, comparative examples 1-2 are substantially the same as those of example 1, except that the chemical components are different within the scope of the present invention. Comparative examples 3-5 have the same chemical composition as example 1, except that the manufacturing process parameters are different outside the scope of the present invention. The chemical composition weight percentages of the examples are shown in table 1, table 1 also gives the standard composition of conventional 304 austenitic stainless steel as comparative example 6.
Table 2 shows the manufacturing process parameters of the steel grades of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-6 of the invention, and the environmental temperature for detecting the mechanical properties of the cold-rolled sheet with the thickness of 1.0mm obtained in each example and comparative example of the invention is 20 ℃ according to the test method of GB/T228.1 section 1 of the tensile test of metallic materials; the evaluation method of the antibacterial property is carried out by JIS Z2801-2000 standards of antibacterial property test method and antibacterial effect of antibacterial processed products, and a comparison test is carried out by adopting conventional austenitic stainless steel without silver as a control sample; corrosion resistance test the test was carried out according to the stainless steel ferric trichloride pitting test method (national standard: GB/T17897-1999).
TABLE 2 Main manufacturing Process parameters
The mechanical property, corrosion resistance and antibacterial property of the stainless steel 1.0mm thick cold-rolled sheet are detected, and the mechanical property, corrosion resistance and antibacterial property are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 mechanical tensile Properties, antibacterial Properties, corrosion resistance Properties and surface quality of test materials
As can be seen from Table 3, the stainless steel of the invention has excellent antibacterial performance, meets the requirement of antibacterial materials, maintains the mechanical property at the original conventional steel grade level, and can be seen by combining with FIG. 1 that silver particles are finer and uniform and are dispersed in a matrix. The silver content in the comparative example 1 is less, the requirement of the invention is not met, and the antibacterial rate of the silver does not reach 99.999% of the requirement of an excellent antibacterial material; comparative example 2 has too high silver content, and the material has serious surface crack defect during hot rolling, which indicates that the hot workability is reduced when the silver content is too high; comparative example 3 has large superheat degree of molten steel and low continuous casting billet drawing speed, which causes coarse continuous casting tissues and silver particles, causes serious surface crack defects of the material during hot rolling, and loses antibacterial performance of the material, thus indicating that the high superheat degree of molten steel and low continuous casting billet drawing speed can reduce hot processing performance and antibacterial performance; comparative example 4 shows that the initial hot rolling temperature is higher, and surface crack defects appear during hot rolling, which means that the hot rolling initial temperature is higher and the hot workability is reduced; comparative example 4 has a longer annealing time and a loss of antibacterial properties of the material, indicating that a longer annealing time reduces antibacterial properties; comparative example 5 shows that hot rolling side pressure is small, and edge crack defect occurs during hot rolling, which means that hot workability is reduced; comparative example 5 shows that the annealing temperature is higher, and the antibacterial property of the material is lost, which indicates that the higher annealing temperature can reduce the antibacterial property. Comparative example 6 is a conventional 304 austenitic stainless steel of the same type, which does not have antibacterial properties. The stainless steel of the present invention was tested for corrosion resistance according to the stainless steel ferric trichloride pitting corrosion test method (national standard: GB/T17897-1999), the test results are shown in Table 3, and the stainless steel of the present invention is comparable in corrosion resistance to conventional stainless steel containing no silver.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent processes or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields using the content of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An austenitic antimicrobial stainless steel containing silver, which is characterized in that: the chemical components in percentage by weight are: c: less than or equal to 0.08, si: less than or equal to 0.5, mn:1.0 to 2.0, P: less than or equal to 0.04, S: less than or equal to 0.002, ni:8.0 to 9.0, cr:18.0 to 19.0, N: less than or equal to 0.08, ag:0.10 to 0.15, (Ag-20 xS) is more than or equal to 0.10, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. A method of manufacturing a silver-containing austenitic antimicrobial stainless steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: which comprises the following steps:
1) Smelting two elements of silver and nickel according to the weight percentage of the claim 1 to prepare Ag-Ni binary alloy;
2) Mixing Ag-Ni binary alloy and other chemical components of the austenitic antibacterial stainless steel, smelting and continuously casting
Forming billets; the superheat degree of the molten steel is 30-40 ℃, and the continuous casting billet pulling speed is more than or equal to 1.2m/min;
3) And (3) hot rolling: wherein the initial temperature of hot rolling is 1180-1200 ℃, the side pressure of hot rolling is 20-30 mm, and the hot rolled plate is annealed and pickled at 1050-1070 ℃ for 5-10 seconds to obtain a hot rolled product;
4) And (3) carrying out cold rolling and heat preservation at 1050-1070 ℃ for 5-10 seconds for annealing and pickling after cold rolling to obtain a cold-rolled product.
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