CN116083070A - Low-temperature gel fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Low-temperature gel fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN116083070A
CN116083070A CN202310156283.8A CN202310156283A CN116083070A CN 116083070 A CN116083070 A CN 116083070A CN 202310156283 A CN202310156283 A CN 202310156283A CN 116083070 A CN116083070 A CN 116083070A
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gel
percent
fracturing fluid
low
agent
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马国艳
王成俊
展转盈
杜春保
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Xian Shiyou University
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    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/62Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
    • C09K8/70Compositions for forming crevices or fractures characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. foams
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/62Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
    • C09K8/66Compositions based on water or polar solvents
    • C09K8/68Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
    • C09K8/685Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds containing cross-linking agents
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    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/84Compositions based on water or polar solvents
    • C09K8/86Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
    • C09K8/88Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
    • C09K8/887Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds containing cross-linking agents
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    • C09K8/00Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/84Compositions based on water or polar solvents
    • C09K8/86Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
    • C09K8/88Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
    • C09K8/90Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds of natural origin, e.g. polysaccharides, cellulose
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2208/00Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
    • C09K2208/12Swell inhibition, i.e. using additives to drilling or well treatment fluids for inhibiting clay or shale swelling or disintegrating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2208/00Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
    • C09K2208/26Gel breakers other than bacteria or enzymes

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature gel fracturing fluid and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of oil field fracturing and oil extraction. The low-temperature gel fracturing fluid comprises the following raw materials: 0.3 to 0.45 percent of gel forming agent, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of clay stabilizer, 0.3 to 0.6 percent of cleanup additive, 0.01 to 0.12 percent of pH regulator, 0.15 to 0.2 percent of composite cross-linking agent, 0.15 to 0.3 percent of gel breaker, 0.05 to 0.3 percent of gel breaking auxiliary agent and the balance of water; the gel forming agent is composed of hydroxypropyl guanidine gum and xanthan gum according to the mass ratio of 1-2:1. The low-temperature gel fracturing fluid obtained by the invention is sheared for 60min at 40 ℃, the viscosity can be kept above 80 mPas, the gel breaking time is about 4 hours, the viscosity after gel breaking is between 3.2 and 3.7 mPas, and the fracturing fluid can realize rapid gel breaking under the low-temperature condition and has very important application value.

Description

Low-temperature gel fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil field fracturing and oil extraction, and particularly relates to a low-temperature gel fracturing fluid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the gel fracturing fluid mostly uses natural polysaccharide vegetable gum as a gelling agent, but the natural polysaccharide vegetable gum contains 6-8% of water insoluble matters, so that the fracturing fluid is not thoroughly broken, more residues are reserved in the stratum, the stratum is damaged, and the transformation effect of the reservoir is seriously affected. Timely and thoroughly breaking gel flowback of the fracturing fluid is a key link for success or failure of the fracturing process. In addition, most of the existing fracturing fluid researches are concentrated in the high-temperature field, the low-temperature environment is less researched, and the problems of long gel breaking time, incomplete gel breaking, long flowback time, incomplete flowback and the like exist when the conventional fracturing fluid gel breaking technology is adopted for the low-temperature (25-50 ℃) and shallow oil-gas well, so that the damage to stratum is larger, and the problem of solving the gel breaking problem of the low-temperature oil-gas fracturing fluid is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the low-temperature gel fracturing fluid and the preparation method thereof, and the low-temperature gel fracturing fluid has good viscosity performance, is less harmful to stratum and can realize rapid gel breaking under low-temperature conditions.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention aims at providing a low-temperature gel fracturing fluid, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.3 to 0.45 percent of gel forming agent, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of clay stabilizer, 0.3 to 0.6 percent of cleanup additive, 0.01 to 0.12 percent of pH regulator, 0.15 to 0.2 percent of composite cross-linking agent, 0.15 to 0.3 percent of gel breaker, 0.05 to 0.3 percent of gel breaking auxiliary agent and the balance of water;
the gel forming agent is composed of hydroxypropyl guanidine gum and xanthan gum according to the mass ratio of 1-2:1.
Further, the clay stabilizer is potassium chloride or ammonium chloride; the discharge assisting agent is hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide or dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the pH regulator is sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate.
Further, the composite cross-linking agent is a mixture of aluminum potassium sulfate and zirconium tetrachloride, and the mass ratio of the aluminum potassium sulfate to the zirconium tetrachloride is 2:1.
Further, the breaker is ammonium persulfate; the gel breaking auxiliary agent is sodium sulfite.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the low-temperature gel fracturing fluid, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Placing the gel forming agent into water, uniformly mixing, then adding the clay stabilizer, the drainage aid and the pH regulator, and stirring to obtain solution A;
(2) Mixing and stirring the composite cross-linking agent, the gel breaker and the gel breaking auxiliary agent to obtain a solution B;
(3) When in use, the solution A and the solution B are mixed to obtain the low-temperature gel fracturing fluid.
Further, the stirring rotating speed in the step (1) is 500-600 r/min, and the stirring time is 5-10 min.
Further, the stirring rotating speed in the step (2) is 200-300 r/min, and the stirring time is 3-5 min.
The invention further aims to provide an application of the low-temperature gel fracturing fluid in the field of petroleum exploitation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the hydroxypropyl guanidine gum and the xanthan gum are used as the gelling agents, and the used clay stabilizer can be effectively adsorbed on the clay surface to prevent the water-sensitive minerals from hydration expansion and dispersion migration to cause damage to oil and gas layers; the cleanup additive can help the work residual liquid in the fracturing operation process to flow back from the stratum; the pH regulator can regulate the freezing time and breaking time of the gel fracturing fluid; the composite cross-linking agent is aluminum potassium sulfate and zirconium tetrachloride, has the function of delaying cross-linking, and avoids the phenomenon of precipitation caused by too fast cross-linking; the gel breaker and the gel breaking auxiliary agent can perform exothermic reaction, have certain delayed release characteristic, and release free oxygen at low temperature by triggering peroxide so as to break the structure of gel fracturing fluid, degrade macromolecules and excite the activity of the gel breaker to break gel rapidly at low temperature.
The low-temperature gel fracturing fluid prepared by the materials is sheared for 60min at 40 ℃, the viscosity can be kept above 80 mPas, the gel breaking time is about 4 hours, the viscosity after gel breaking is between 3.2 and 3.7 mPas, and the low-temperature gel fracturing fluid has the characteristic of small damage to stratum, can realize rapid gel breaking under the low-temperature condition, and has very important application value.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples for better understanding of the technical scheme of the present invention to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
A low-temperature gel fracturing fluid comprises the following raw materials: 0.4% of a gel forming agent, 0.3% of a clay stabilizer (potassium chloride), 0.5% of a cleanup additive (hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide), 0.05% of a pH regulator (sodium carbonate), 0.18% of a composite cross-linking agent, 0.2% of a gel breaker (ammonium persulfate), 0.15% of a gel breaking auxiliary (sodium sulfite) and the balance of water;
the gel forming agent is composed of hydroxypropyl guanidine gum and xanthan gum according to the mass ratio of 1.5:1;
the composite cross-linking agent is composed of aluminum potassium sulfate and zirconium tetrachloride according to the mass ratio of 2:1.
The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Placing the gel forming agent into water, uniformly mixing, then adding the clay stabilizer, the cleanup additive and the pH regulator, and stirring at a rotation speed of 500r/min for 8min to obtain solution A;
(2) Mixing and stirring the composite cross-linking agent, the gel breaker and the gel breaking auxiliary agent, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the stirring time is 4min, so as to obtain liquid B;
(3) When in use, the solution A and the solution B are mixed to obtain the low-temperature gel fracturing fluid.
Example 2
A low-temperature gel fracturing fluid comprises the following raw materials: 0.3% of a gel forming agent, 0.2% of a clay stabilizer (ammonium chloride), 0.3% of a cleanup additive (dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide), 0.01% of a pH regulator (potassium carbonate), 0.15% of a composite cross-linking agent, 0.15% of a gel breaker (ammonium persulfate), 0.05% of a gel breaking auxiliary (sodium sulfite) and the balance of water;
the gel forming agent is composed of hydroxypropyl guanidine gum and xanthan gum according to the mass ratio of 1:1;
the composite cross-linking agent is composed of aluminum potassium sulfate and zirconium tetrachloride according to the mass ratio of 2:1.
The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Placing the gel forming agent into water, uniformly mixing, then adding the clay stabilizer, the cleanup additive and the pH regulator, and stirring at a rotation speed of 500r/min for 5min to obtain solution A;
(2) Mixing and stirring the composite cross-linking agent, the gel breaker and the gel breaking auxiliary agent, wherein the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the stirring time is 3min, so as to obtain liquid B;
(3) When in use, the solution A and the solution B are mixed to obtain the low-temperature gel fracturing fluid.
Example 3
A low-temperature gel fracturing fluid comprises the following raw materials: 0.45% of a gel forming agent, 0.4% of a clay stabilizer (potassium chloride), 0.6% of a cleanup additive (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide), 0.12% of a pH regulator (sodium carbonate), 0.2% of a composite cross-linking agent, 0.3% of a gel breaker (ammonium persulfate), 0.3% of a gel breaking auxiliary (sodium sulfite) and the balance of water;
the gel forming agent is composed of hydroxypropyl guanidine gum and xanthan gum according to the mass ratio of 2:1;
the composite cross-linking agent is composed of aluminum potassium sulfate and zirconium tetrachloride according to the mass ratio of 2:1.
The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Placing the gel forming agent into water, uniformly mixing, then adding the clay stabilizer, the cleanup additive and the pH regulator, and stirring at the rotation speed of 600r/min for 10min to obtain solution A;
(2) Mixing and stirring the composite cross-linking agent, the gel breaker and the gel breaking auxiliary agent, wherein the stirring speed is 300r/min, and the stirring time is 5min, so as to obtain liquid B;
(3) When in use, the solution A and the solution B are mixed to obtain the low-temperature gel fracturing fluid.
Performance measurements were performed on the low temperature gel fracturing fluids of all examples at 40 ℃ and the experimental results are summarized in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0004092473990000051
As shown in Table 1, the low-temperature gel fracturing fluid obtained by the invention is sheared for 60min at 40 ℃, the viscosity can be kept above 80 mPa.s, the gel breaking time is about 4 hours, the viscosity after gel breaking is between 3.2 and 3.7 mPa.s, the fracturing fluid has the characteristic of small damage to stratum, the fracturing fluid can realize rapid gel breaking under the low-temperature condition, and the fracturing fluid has very important application value.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The low-temperature gel fracturing fluid is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.3 to 0.45 percent of gel forming agent, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of clay stabilizer, 0.3 to 0.6 percent of cleanup additive, 0.01 to 0.12 percent of pH regulator, 0.15 to 0.2 percent of composite cross-linking agent, 0.15 to 0.3 percent of gel breaker, 0.05 to 0.3 percent of gel breaking auxiliary agent and the balance of water;
the gel forming agent is composed of hydroxypropyl guanidine gum and xanthan gum according to the mass ratio of 1-2:1.
2. The low temperature gel fracturing fluid of claim 1, wherein the clay stabilizer is potassium chloride or ammonium chloride; the discharge assisting agent is hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide or dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the pH regulator is sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate.
3. The low-temperature gel fracturing fluid according to claim 1, wherein the compound cross-linking agent is a mixture of aluminum potassium sulfate and zirconium tetrachloride, and the mass ratio of the aluminum potassium sulfate to the zirconium tetrachloride is 2:1.
4. The low temperature gel fracturing fluid of claim 1, wherein said breaker is ammonium persulfate; the gel breaking auxiliary agent is sodium sulfite.
5. A method for preparing the low-temperature gel fracturing fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:
(1) Placing the gel forming agent into water, uniformly mixing, then adding the clay stabilizer, the drainage aid and the pH regulator, and stirring to obtain solution A;
(2) Mixing and stirring the composite cross-linking agent, the gel breaker and the gel breaking auxiliary agent to obtain a solution B;
(3) When in use, the solution A and the solution B are mixed to obtain the low-temperature gel fracturing fluid.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the stirring in the step (1) is carried out at a rotational speed of 500 to 600r/min for 5 to 10min.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the stirring in the step (2) is performed at a rotational speed of 200 to 300r/min for 3 to 5min.
8. Use of the low temperature gel fracturing fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the field of oil exploitation.
CN202310156283.8A 2023-02-23 2023-02-23 Low-temperature gel fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof Pending CN116083070A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1150967A (en) * 1995-11-17 1997-06-04 宫立武 Preparation method of oil well fracturing fluids low-temp. glue breaking agent
CN102796507A (en) * 2012-08-29 2012-11-28 北京世纪中星能源技术有限公司 Xanthan gum fracturing fluid, and preparation method and application thereof
CN103666437A (en) * 2012-09-18 2014-03-26 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Fracturing fluid
CN107722143A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-02-23 山东广浦生物科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method and fracturing fluid system of alcohol ether modified guar
CN112322271A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-05 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 Low-temperature gel breaking activator and using method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1150967A (en) * 1995-11-17 1997-06-04 宫立武 Preparation method of oil well fracturing fluids low-temp. glue breaking agent
CN102796507A (en) * 2012-08-29 2012-11-28 北京世纪中星能源技术有限公司 Xanthan gum fracturing fluid, and preparation method and application thereof
CN103666437A (en) * 2012-09-18 2014-03-26 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Fracturing fluid
CN107722143A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-02-23 山东广浦生物科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method and fracturing fluid system of alcohol ether modified guar
CN112322271A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-05 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 Low-temperature gel breaking activator and using method thereof

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