CN116077205A - Lung nodule positioning device and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a lung nodule positioning device and system. The invention provides a lung nodule positioning device and a system, comprising a distal end part, a middle connecting section and a proximal end part, wherein two sides of the middle connecting section are respectively connected with the distal end part and the proximal end part; the method is characterized in that: the middle connecting section has an elastic shrinkage function, the distal end part comprises an anchor hook and a plugging part used for connecting the anchor hook and the middle connecting section, and the plugging part is matched with the inner diameter of the conveying pipe. The technical problem that a mechanism formed by bending a single spring wire in the prior art causes great bleeding due to smaller radial area in a conveying pipe is solved.

Description

Lung nodule positioning device and system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a lung nodule positioning device and system.

Background

The incidence and mortality of lung cancer are the first in all cancers, and according to statistics, 17.9% of the newly detected cancers in 2020, the mortality of lung cancer is 27.3% of all cancers in China. Because the early lung cancer is hidden, the lung cancer is not easy to find, but 80% of lung cancer found in clinic belongs to middle and late stage, how to find and treat lung cancer as early as possible is important to improve the survival probability of lung cancer patients. Clinical research analysis shows that the cure rate of early lung adenocarcinoma is close to 100%, and the cure success rate is very high when the diameter of a lung nodule is less than or equal to 10 mm. The early detection of lung cancer nodules in situ is critical, and the success rate of locating lesions by finger touch or by appliance sliding in operation is only 30% because the lung nodules are difficult to see on the lung surface. Some patients can not be positioned accurately, so that the chest is turned open, and even the operation fails. The pre-operative positioning of the lung nodules is therefore particularly important.

The current auxiliary positioning technology for the lung nodules mainly comprises the following steps: (1) percutaneous puncture auxiliary positioning under CT guidance; (2) auxiliary positioning of puncture under bronchoscope; (3) CT virtual 3D auxiliary positioning.

The percutaneous puncture auxiliary positioning under CT guidance mainly comprises a percutaneous puncture Hookwire positioning method, a percutaneous puncture spring ring positioning method, a methylene blue positioning method, an iodized oil and iodine-containing contrast agent positioning method.

Percutaneous puncture Hookwire localization: the method comprises the steps of firstly, determining the position of a lung nodule through High Resolution CT (HRCT) scanning, then selecting a penetrating path, penetrating a Hookwire trocar into lung tissue through skin, repeating CT scanning to determine that the Hookwire is positioned at a target position, then pushing inwards by 3-5 mm, enabling the inclined plane of the trocar point to face the focus direction, releasing a metal wire, recycling the trocar, expanding a front-end metal hook, and fixing the front-end metal hook around the nodule. After the metal hooks are well anchored and fixed, the metal wires are bound and fixed after being loosely bent and clung to the skin, and VATS operation should be carried out within 1-2 h. However, the tendency of the wire to shift or even fall off is a major cause of Hook-wire positioning failure. Secondly, the positioning is easy to cause pneumothorax, hemorrhage, pain and other common complications.

Percutaneous aspiration spring coil positioning method: the operation method is basically the same as the Hookwire positioning method, the CT scanning before operation confirms the needle access path, and the positioning position is 1 to cm away from the nodule. After CT scanning confirms that the needle insertion position is correct again, the spring ring is released into the lung, and the fixation is ensured reliably due to the non-barb design of the spring ring and the friction force of lung tissues. There are two most common types of coil positioning methods currently in use: one locates the spring coil in the lung and the other locates the spring coil tail outside the pleura of the visceral layer.

Methylene blue localization method: aqueous methylene blue solutions, which appear blue in an oxidizing environment, are often used as chemical indicators, dyes, biological stains, and pharmaceuticals. The dye can rapidly identify the area covered by the target nodule, has no influence on the grabbing and palpating of the instrument, completes preliminary positioning by CT simulation before operation, injects methylene blue around the focus according to the puncture site, angle and depth marked before operation after anesthesia, and then transfers to an operating room for operation after successful positioning, and completes operation according to dyeing positioning under thoracoscope. However, in practice, there are still some disadvantages to methylene blue, on the one hand, the rapid diffusion of methylene blue often requires the clinician to perform a thoracoscopic procedure within 3 h of the injection site, which has some impact on the surgical arrangement and engagement. On the other hand, the characteristics of easy diffusion and interference cause the locating area of the lung surface to be enlarged, so that the lung excision scope is enlarged.

Iodized oil and iodine-containing contrast agent localization method: iodized oil is a cheap and readily available contrast agent that absorbs more X-rays than surrounding tissue after injection into the body, making visualization more satisfactory, while it excretes faster in the body than barium and has a short residence time. The iodized oil has slower dispersion speed than methylene blue, stable development area, high positioning accuracy, longer lung retention time, relatively wide connection time between a positioning room and an operating room, and although the iodized oil has a plurality of advantages, the iodized oil has some defects in the clinical application process, such as the risk of pulmonary artery embolism, and partial reports suggest that the method is easy to cause inflammatory reaction of positioning tissues and even pneumonia. This also limits the use of iodine localization in the clinic, as iodized oil localization requires the operator to operate under X-ray fluoroscopy. In addition, patients with hyperthyroidism, thyroid tumor, severe barycenter, liver and lung diseases, acute bronchitis and fever should be cautiously treated.

Auxiliary positioning of puncture under bronchoscope: electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy (ENB) is a new minimally invasive diagnostic technique that has emerged in recent years. The use of ENB guidance to label isolated lung nodules has been widely used for VATS preoperative localization. The ENB-guided placement of the helical spring fiducial marker has better retention with lower incidence of complications than the linear fiducial marker.

CT virtual 3D auxiliary positioning: the operation principle is that CT data of a patient is led into a navigator computer, the computer performs image reconstruction and puncture route simulation, and a three-dimensional space coordinate system of the chest of the patient is overlapped with a three-dimensional coordinate system of a CT image according to the body position so as to determine the needle inserting direction and depth of a puncture needle, and special equipment and instruments are needed in the specific implementation process, so that the method limits the wide clinical application of the method.

Chinese patent publication No. CN103876841B discloses a marker, a method for manufacturing the same and a positioning system using the same, comprising a head end providing a firm anchoring in lung tissue, a tail end providing a firm anchoring on the pleura of the lung surface layer, and a middle section arranged between the head end and the tail end and having a suitable length selected according to the distance of the space occupying lesion from the pleural surface of the adjacent visceral layer. The patent realizes fixing in the lung through setting up the spring coil of coiling at the head end, because crooked by a spring wire, the unable shutoff puncture pipe of spring wire leads to pulmonary hemorrhage to flow from the puncture pipe.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a lung nodule positioning device and a lung nodule positioning system, which aim to solve the technical problem that a mechanism formed by bending a single spring wire in the prior art causes great bleeding due to smaller radial area in a conveying pipe.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus, comprising a distal portion, an intermediate connecting section and a proximal portion, wherein two sides of the intermediate connecting section are respectively connected with the distal portion and the proximal portion; the method is characterized in that: the middle connecting section has an elastic shrinkage function, the distal end part comprises an anchor hook and a plugging part used for connecting the anchor hook and the middle connecting section, and the plugging part is matched with the inner diameter of the conveying pipe.

Preferably, the distal portion includes a delivery state and a release state; in the delivery state, the distal portion is stretched into an elongated body, and the anchoring hooks form a radial distance no greater than a radial length of the occlusion; in the released state, the fluke has a proximally extending extension and the fluke forms a radial distance that is greater than the radial length of the occlusion.

Preferably, in the released state, the anchoring hook comprises a first curved section extending distally from the blocking portion and then proximally.

Preferably, in the released state, the anchoring hook comprises a first straight line section extending distally and then proximally from the blocking portion.

Preferably, in the released state, the anchoring hook comprises a second straight line segment extending distally from the blocking portion and a second curved line segment extending proximally from the second straight line segment; or the fluke includes a second straight segment extending distally from the blocking portion and proximally from the second curved segment.

Preferably, in the released state, the anchor hook comprises a third straight line section extending from the blocking part to the distal end and a bending section connected with the third straight line section, wherein one end of the bending section extends to the distal end and one end extends to the proximal end.

Preferably, the anchor hook is made of a biocompatible metal material, including one or more of platinum iridium alloy, platinum tungsten alloy, cobalt chromium alloy and nickel titanium alloy; the anchor hook is prepared by one or more processes of plastic shaping, heat shaping, forging, gluing, welding and riveting.

Preferably, the proximal portion includes a delivery state and a release state; in the delivery state, the proximal portion is stretched into an elongate body; in the released state, the proximal portion self-expands into a serpentine shape.

Preferably, in the released state, the proximal portion self-expands into a spiral or clover shape; the proximal end is made by plastic deformation and heat setting; the proximal end is wound from a single or multiple wires; the proximal portion is made of a biocompatible metallic material including one or more of platinum iridium alloy, platinum tungsten alloy, cobalt chromium alloy, nickel titanium alloy.

Preferably, the middle connecting section is in a spring shape formed by winding a biocompatible metal material, and is formed by plastic deformation or a heat setting process; one or more materials selected from platinum iridium alloy, platinum tungsten alloy, cobalt chromium alloy and nickel titanium alloy.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a pulmonary nodule positioning system, wherein the pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus is conveyed into the lung by a conveying member to achieve pulmonary nodule positioning.

Preferably, the delivery member comprises a delivery tube for loading the pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus and a push rod for pushing the pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus out of the delivery tube; the conveying pipe is provided with a plurality of scales.

Preferably, the pushing rod is a solid round rod, and pushes the proximal end portion to release.

Preferably, the pushing rod is a hollow tube, the outer diameter of the plugging part is larger than the inner diameter of the pushing rod, the middle connecting section and the proximal end part are arranged in the pushing rod, and the pushing rod pushes the distal end part to release.

Compared with the prior art, the lung nodule positioning device and system provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that:

1. one end of the positioning device is fixed at the focus, and the other end of the positioning device does not penetrate out of the chest and can be fixed on the pleura of the visceral layer. Fixation at the lesion by the fluke is not easily displaced proximally by the distal portion in case of respiration.

2. The conveying pipe can be a puncture needle, although the puncture needle has smaller aperture, the puncture needle still can cause leakage of blood when entering the human body, and the gap inside the positioning device and the puncture needle is reduced through the plugging part (the plugging part is solid), so that the leakage of the blood through the puncture needle is reduced.

3. The outward expansion area of the anchor hook in the released state is larger, and the anchor hook is more stable to be fixed at the focus. The long and thin body is in a conveying state, the radial width is small, and the conveying is more convenient.

4. The anchor hook has a plurality of shapes, and is provided with an extension part extending towards the proximal end and has a barb effect, so that the stability of the anchor hook is improved, and the anchor hook is prevented from falling off in the breathing process.

The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a released state of a pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a delivery state of a pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3-14 are schematic structural views of various fluke release states of a pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus according to embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the delivery member of a pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a delivery member release positioning device of a pulmonary nodule positioning device according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the release structure of a push rod of a delivery member of a pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention when the push rod is a solid round rod.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view showing the release of a push rod of a delivery member of a pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention when the push rod is a hollow tube.

Fig. 19 is a schematic view of the structure of a pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention released into the lungs.

Fig. 20-21 are schematic structural views of a proximal portion of a pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus according to embodiments of the invention.

Wherein:

1-a distal portion; 11-flukes; 12-plugging part; 131—a first curve segment; 132—a first straight line segment; 133-a second straight line segment; 134-second curve segment; 135-a third straight line segment; 136-bending section; 2-an intermediate connection section; 3-proximal end; 4-a conveying pipe; 5-pushing rod.

Description of the embodiments

The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is conventionally placed in use, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more than one unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As used herein, the term "clinician" refers to a doctor, surgeon, nurse, or any other care provider, and may include auxiliary personnel. The term "proximal" will refer to the portion of the device or component thereof that is closer to the clinician, and the term "distal" will refer to the portion of the device or component thereof that is further from the clinician.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus, which includes a distal portion 1, an intermediate connecting section 2 and a proximal portion 3, wherein two sides of the intermediate connecting section 2 are respectively connected to the distal portion 1 and the proximal portion 3. The intermediate connecting section 2 has an elastic contraction function, the distal end portion 1 comprises an anchor hook 11 and a blocking portion 12 for connecting the anchor hook 11 and the intermediate connecting section 2, the blocking portion 12 is adapted to the inner diameter of the conveying pipe 4, and the adaptation of the blocking portion is not necessarily similar to the inner diameter of the conveying pipe 4, so long as the blocking area can be larger than that of the intermediate connecting section 2. The anchor hook 11 is fixed at the focus to form a structure of a barb, and is not easy to shift. The blocking part 12 is solid, so that the gap between the blocking part 12 and the delivery tube 4 can be smaller than that of the hollow intermediate connecting section 2, and blood is not easy to flow out of the delivery tube 4.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in an alternative embodiment, the distal portion 1 includes a delivery state and a release state. In the delivery state, the distal end portion 1 is stretched into an elongated body, which is more convenient to deliver in the delivery tube 4. The radial distance of the anchoring hooks 11 is not greater than the radial length of the plugging portion 12, and an excessive radial distance of the anchoring hooks 11 can affect delivery and implantation and can also cause an increase in bleeding. When the radial distance between the anchoring hooks 11 is increased, a larger delivery tube 4 (which may be a puncture needle) is required, and when the radial distance between the blocking portion 12 is not changed, the gap between the blocking portion 12 and the delivery tube 4 is increased, and blood easily flows out of the delivery tube 4. In the released state, the anchoring hooks 11 have an extension extending proximally, and the anchoring hooks 11 form a radial distance that is greater than the radial length of the blocking portions 12. After the positioning device is implanted in the lung, the lung can shrink due to respiration, the length of the middle connecting section 2 can change, and the extension part is equivalent to the function of a barb, so that the distal end part 1 is prevented from moving or falling off to the proximal end. The anchoring and anti-falling effect is better after the radial distance is large after the release of the anchoring hooks 11 as shown in fig. 19.

The structure of the fluke 11 is more numerous and the flukes 11 of different structures are described below in connection with the figures.

Referring to fig. 3-4, in an alternative embodiment, in the released state, the anchoring hook 11 includes a first curved segment 131 extending distally and then proximally from the blocking portion 12. The first curved segment 131 may be semi-circular or 3/4 circular. Preferably 3/4 circle, the proximal end of the anchor hook 11 is an arc section, and the contact area with the lung is larger under the condition of expanding and contracting the lung, so that the anchor hook is not easy to fall off or cause larger bleeding. Of course, the angle of the first curvilinear segment 131 may be any so long as there is a proximally extending portion. The number of anchoring hooks 11 may be one or more, evenly distributed at the distal end of the blocking portion 12. The fluke 11 may be of two-dimensional or three-dimensional construction. Fig. 12-14 are top views of two-dimensional structures of 2-4 flukes 11. Fig. 9-11 are top views of three-dimensional structures of 2-4 flukes 11. Preferably, the anchor hook of the three-dimensional drawing mechanism has more contact points in space and more stable structure.

Referring to fig. 5, in an alternative embodiment, the anchoring hook 11 includes a first straight line segment 132 extending from the blocking portion 12 distally and then proximally, and is generally V-shaped in configuration. Such an anchoring hook 11 may be of two-dimensional or three-dimensional construction.

Referring to fig. 6, in an alternative embodiment, in the released state, the anchoring hook 11 includes a second straight segment 133 extending distally from the blocking portion 12 and a second curved segment 134 extending proximally from the second straight segment 133. Or, as shown in fig. 7, the fluke 11 includes a second straight segment 133 extending distally from the blocking portion 12 and proximally from the second curved segment 134. The fluke 11 may be of two-dimensional or three-dimensional construction.

Referring to fig. 8, in an alternative embodiment, in the released state, the anchoring hook 11 includes a third straight section 135 extending distally from the blocking portion 12 and a bending section 136 connected to the third straight section 135, and one end of the bending section 136 extends distally and one end extends proximally. The bending section 136 is preferably semi-circular with half extending proximally and half extending distally. The structure has the functions of both barb shape for preventing the device from moving to the proximal end and extending to the distal end to increase the positioning volume. And less area is connected to the closure portion 12, allowing for a greater number of flukes to be connected.

In an alternative embodiment, the anchor hook 11 is made of a biocompatible metal material, including one or more of platinum iridium alloy, platinum tungsten alloy, cobalt chromium alloy, nickel titanium alloy. The anchor hook 11 is manufactured through one or more processes of plastic shaping, heat shaping, forging, gluing, welding and riveting.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in an alternative embodiment, the proximal portion 3 includes a delivery state and a release state. In the delivery state, the proximal portion 3 is stretched into an elongated body. In the released state, the proximal portion 3 self-expands into a serpentine shape.

Referring to fig. 20-21, in an alternative embodiment, in the released state, the proximal portion 3 self-expands into a spiral shape or a clover shape, which has a large contact area, a better fixing effect, a less easy falling-off and a better marking effect. The proximal portion 3 is made by plastic deformation and heat setting. The proximal portion 3 is wound from a single or multiple wires, or is wound in a spring-like manner from a wire. The proximal portion 3 is made of a biocompatible metal material including one or more of platinum iridium alloy, platinum tungsten alloy, cobalt chromium alloy, nickel titanium alloy.

Referring to fig. 1, in an alternative embodiment, the intermediate connection section 2 is in the shape of a spring wound from a biocompatible metal material, and is formed by plastic deformation or a heat setting process. The intermediate connecting section 2 has elastic contractility so that the anchoring positioning member can contract with respiration of the lung tissue without causing pain or discomfort to the patient. One or more materials selected from platinum iridium alloy, platinum tungsten alloy, cobalt chromium alloy and nickel titanium alloy.

Wherein, the two ends of the middle connecting section 2 are respectively connected with a far-end intrapulmonary anchor hook (a far-end part 1) and a near-end extrapulmonary position mark (a near-end part 3), and the three can be firmly connected through forging, gluing, welding, riveting and other processes to form an anchoring positioning component.

As shown in fig. 15, a lung nodule positioning system may be configured to deliver any of the lung nodule positioning devices into the lung via a delivery member to effect lung nodule positioning, and further, any of the lung nodule positioning devices of the above embodiments may be delivered.

Referring to fig. 16, in an alternative embodiment, the delivery member comprises a delivery tube 4 for loading the pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus and a push rod 5 for pushing the pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus out of the delivery tube 4. The conveying pipe 4 can be a puncture needle, and a plurality of scales are arranged on the conveying pipe 4 and used for identification.

Referring to fig. 17, in an alternative embodiment, the pushing rod 5 is a solid round rod, which pushes the proximal portion 3 to release. Preferably, the diameter of the pushing rod 5 is larger than that of the proximal end 3, the contact area is larger, and the pushing effect is better.

Referring to fig. 18, in an alternative embodiment, the pushing rod 5 is a hollow tube, the outer diameter of the plugging portion 12 is larger than the inner diameter of the pushing rod 5, the intermediate connecting section 2 and the proximal end portion 3 are disposed in the pushing rod 5, and the pushing rod 5 pushes the distal end portion 1 to release. During pushing, the distal end of the pushing rod 5 abuts against the proximal end of the plugging part 12, and the intermediate connecting section 2 is arranged in the pushing rod 5 to slowly push the positioning device out of the conveying pipe 4 and then release the positioning device.

The procedure for using the pulmonary nodule localization system in clinicians is as follows:

1. under CT guidance, a clinician punctures the chest wall through a puncture needle, enters the lung, and sends the lung nodule positioning apparatus to the edge of a focus.

2. The clinician pushes the distal end 1 out of the puncture needle through the push rod 5, the anchor hook 11 is released and pricked into the focus, and the distal end is fixed in the lung through a preset structure.

3. The position of the push 5 is kept stationary and the needle is slowly withdrawn so that the intermediate connecting section 2 is naturally released in the lungs.

4. When the distal end of the puncture needle is positioned outside the lung, the puncture needle is kept still, and the pushing rod 5 is pushed to release the proximal end 3, so that the proximal end is in a natural coiling state on the outer surface of the lung and is fixed on the visceral pleura.

5. In operation, under a televised endoscope, the clinician determines the location of the lesion by looking at the location of the extrapulmonary marker (proximal portion 3), resects the lesion by wedge resection, and removes the lesion along with the pulmonary nodule localization apparatus (as shown in fig. 19).

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (14)

1. A lung nodule positioning device, comprising a distal end portion (1), an intermediate connecting section (2) and a proximal end portion (3), wherein two sides of the intermediate connecting section (2) are respectively connected with the distal end portion (1) and the proximal end portion (3); the method is characterized in that: the middle connecting section (2) has an elastic shrinkage function, the distal end part (1) comprises an anchor hook (11) and a plugging part (12) used for connecting the anchor hook (11) and the middle connecting section (2), and the plugging part (12) is matched with the inner diameter of the conveying pipe (4).

2. A lung nodule positioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the distal end (1) comprises a delivery state and a release state; in the delivery state, the distal end portion (1) is stretched into an elongated body, and the anchoring hooks (11) form a radial distance not greater than the radial length of the blocking portion (12); in the released state, the anchoring hook (11) has an extension extending proximally, and the anchoring hook (11) forms a radial distance which is greater than the radial length of the blocking portion (12).

3. A lung nodule positioning apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein: in the released state, the anchoring hook (11) comprises a first curved section (131) which extends from the blocking portion (12) firstly distally and then proximally.

4. A lung nodule positioning apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein: in the released state, the anchoring hook (11) comprises a first straight line section (132) which extends from the blocking part (12) to the distal end and then to the proximal end.

5. A lung nodule positioning apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein: in the released state, the anchoring hook (11) comprises a second straight line segment (133) extending from the blocking part (12) towards the distal end and a second curve segment (134) extending from the second straight line segment (133) towards the proximal end; or the anchoring hook (11) comprises a second straight line segment (133) extending distally from the blocking portion (12) and proximally from the second curved segment (134).

6. A lung nodule positioning apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein: in the release state, the anchor hook (11) comprises a third straight line section (135) extending from the blocking part (12) to the distal end and a bending section (136) connected with the third straight line section (135), wherein one end of the bending section (136) extends to the distal end and one end extends to the proximal end.

7. A lung nodule positioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the anchor hook (11) is made of a biocompatible metal material, and comprises one or more of platinum iridium alloy, platinum tungsten alloy, cobalt chromium alloy and nickel titanium alloy; the anchor hook (11) is prepared by one or more processes of plastic shaping, heat shaping, forging, gluing, welding and riveting.

8. A lung nodule positioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the proximal portion (3) comprises a delivery state and a release state; in the delivery state, the proximal end portion (3) is stretched into an elongated body; in the released state, the proximal portion (3) self-expands into a serpentine shape.

9. A lung nodule positioning apparatus as claimed in claim 8 wherein: in the released state, the proximal portion (3) self-expands into a spiral or clover shape; the proximal end (3) is made by plastic deformation and heat setting; the proximal end (3) is wound from a single or multiple wires; the proximal portion (3) is made of a biocompatible metal material, including one or more of platinum iridium alloy, platinum tungsten alloy, cobalt chromium alloy, nickel titanium alloy.

10. A lung nodule positioning apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the middle connecting section (2) is in a spring shape formed by winding a biocompatible metal material, and is formed by plastic deformation or heat setting process; one or more materials selected from platinum iridium alloy, platinum tungsten alloy, cobalt chromium alloy and nickel titanium alloy.

11. A pulmonary nodule localization system, characterized by: the pulmonary nodule positioning apparatus of any one of claims 1-10 being delivered into the lung by a delivery means to effect pulmonary nodule positioning.

12. A pulmonary nodule localization system as claimed in claim 11, wherein: the conveying component comprises a conveying pipe (4) for loading the lung nodule positioning device and a pushing rod (5) for pushing the lung nodule positioning device out of the conveying pipe (4); the conveying pipe (4) is provided with a plurality of scales.

13. A pulmonary nodule localization system as claimed in claim 12, wherein: the pushing rod (5) is a solid round rod, and pushes the proximal end portion (3) to release.

14. A pulmonary nodule localization system as claimed in claim 12, wherein: the pushing rod (5) is a hollow tube, the outer diameter of the plugging part (12) is larger than the inner diameter of the pushing rod (5), the middle connecting section (2) and the proximal end part (3) are arranged in the pushing rod (5), and the pushing rod (5) pushes the distal end part (1) to release.

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