CN116075176A - OLED display - Google Patents
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- CN116075176A CN116075176A CN202310176381.8A CN202310176381A CN116075176A CN 116075176 A CN116075176 A CN 116075176A CN 202310176381 A CN202310176381 A CN 202310176381A CN 116075176 A CN116075176 A CN 116075176A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an OLED display, which structurally comprises a substrate layer, a microcavity structure layer, a light extraction layer, a packaging layer, a touch control unit layer, a circular polarizer and a cover plate; the microcavity structure layer comprises a first electrode layer, an organic light-emitting layer, a pixel definition layer and a second electrode layer; the pixel definition layer comprises a first pixel definition layer and a second pixel definition layer; the circular polarizer comprises a brightness enhancement film, a wide-wave-domain phase difference compensation film and a linear polarizer from bottom to top in sequence; the invention combines the microcavity structure and the circular polarizer, and can simultaneously improve the contrast and the light transmittance of the OLED display and the color purity of the display.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of OLED displays, and particularly relates to an OLED display.
Background
The organic light emitting diode has the advantages of flexible preparation, low driving voltage, low power consumption and the like, and has rapid technical progress and wide application prospect in recent years, so that the organic light emitting diode becomes one of the hottest research subjects in flat panel display, novel illumination, wearable and intelligent electronic product development. Among these, OLED-based curved display panels have been widely used. The curved display panel comprises a flat display area and an arc-shaped edge area positioned outside the display area. However, the curved display panel in the related art has a certain display problem, specifically, the color purity of the display gradually decreases from the display area to the edge area, that is, the color purity of the display area is different from the color purity of the edge area, which causes visual color difference, causes visual color shift, and seriously affects the display effect.
Compared with the LCD, the OLED display technology has numerous advantages, and the OLED display technology has high performance, high reaction speed and the like far exceeds the LCD in terms of OLED characteristics. The LCD display requires a backlight module and upper and lower polarizers to generate effective information. The OLED, as an organic light emitting diode, does not need a backlight module, has a relatively simple structure, and is always considered as a perfect display. However, due to the short service life, high maintenance cost, light reflection under indoor or external strong light, reflected light from the metal electrode can cause great imaging interference, display contrast is reduced, reading interference is caused, and dark state is not caused. Generally, by adding the circular polarizer capable of resisting reflection of ambient light, the display device can effectively resist ambient light and reduce interference in display. The current circular polarizer consists of a linear polarizer and a phase difference compensation film. However, the light emitted by the OLED organic layer is absorbed by 50% of the light when passing through the conventional circular polarizer, resulting in low transmittance and low light utilization. In order to solve the problem of low light utilization rate of the OLED organic layer, a brightness enhancement film may be added to enhance the light utilization rate. However, after the brightness enhancement film is added, the ambient light which is originally absorbed by the circular polarizer can be emitted to the outside from the OLED display, so that the display contrast is greatly reduced. At present, the contrast and the light transmittance of the OLED display are improved at the same time, so that the problem is solved. In addition, the light-emitting material has a wider light-emitting wave band, low light-emitting efficiency and low light extraction rate, and the problem of improving the color purity of the display is also a great difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an OLED display, which improves the contrast ratio and the light transmittance of the OLED display and improves the color purity and the color cast of the OLED display.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an OLED display comprises a substrate layer, a microcavity structure layer, a light extraction layer, a packaging layer, a touch control unit layer, a circular polarizer and a cover plate;
the microcavity structure layer comprises a first electrode layer, an organic light-emitting layer, a pixel definition layer and a second electrode layer;
the pixel definition layer comprises a first pixel definition layer and a second pixel definition layer;
the circular polarizer comprises a brightness enhancement film, a wide-wave-domain phase difference compensation film and a linear polarizer from bottom to top.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
preferably, a buffer layer is further arranged between the substrate layer and the microcavity structure layer.
Preferably, the first pixel defining layer and the second pixel defining layer form a first convex surface and a second convex surface on the side wall of the opening in the etching process, and the first convex surface and the second convex surface are raised towards a direction away from the substrate layer;
the included angle between the first convex surface and the substrate layer is 5-20 degrees, and the included angle between the second convex surface and the substrate layer is 20-30 degrees;
the organic light-emitting layer is embedded in the second convex surface of the second pixel definition layer.
Further, the absorptivity of the pixel definition layer to light is 95%.
Preferably, the wide-wave-domain phase difference compensation film is a liquid crystal coating type phase difference compensation film or an extension type phase difference compensation film, and comprises a single-layer or multi-layer structure.
Preferably, the brightness enhancement film is a polymer liquid crystal brightness enhancement film.
Preferably, the brightness enhancement film is of a single-layer structure or a multi-layer composite structure.
Preferably, the linear polaroid, the wide-wave-domain phase difference compensation film and the brightness enhancement film in the circular polaroid are directly attached through an adhesive layer.
Further, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 1-30 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the micro-cavity structure and the circular polaroid are combined, so that the contrast ratio, the light transmittance and the color purity of the OLED display can be improved simultaneously;
the invention utilizes the microcavity structure to further narrow the luminescence spectrum and improve the color purity; when the OLED display is in curved surface display, the microcavity length of the microcavity structure in the organic light-emitting diode in the edge display area is longer, and has stronger microcavity effect, so that the RGB monochromatic color coordinates obtained in the edge display area are the same as or similar to the RGB monochromatic color coordinates obtained in the front display area, and the half-peak width of the spectrum is similar, thereby effectively improving the problems of color shift and low color purity of the edge area and improving the display effect; the brightness enhancement film is added to improve the brightness, the light utilization rate of the OLED organic light-emitting layer, the light transmittance and the driving current of the organic light-emitting material are reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the service time of a single battery is prolonged, and the product performance is improved; the emission spectrum of the luminescent material is narrower, the microcavity effect further narrows the spectrum, the brightness enhancement film is in one-to-one correspondence with the wavelength band with selectively enhanced microcavity effect of the sub-pixel region, and the brightness enhancement film can reflect only the wavelength band corresponding to the reflection wavelength band of the brightness enhancement film, so that the visible light of other wavelength bands which are not in the reflection wavelength band of the brightness enhancement film can directly pass through the brightness enhancement film, then be reflected by the metal electrode to change the rotation direction, and then be directly absorbed by the circular polarizer through the brightness enhancement film, thereby greatly avoiding the problem of greatly reducing the contrast of the display after the brightness enhancement film is added, and narrowing the light-emitting wavelength band range of the OLED display, and increasing the color purity and the color gamut of the display;
meanwhile, the brightness enhancement film can be cholesteric liquid crystal with single screw pitch, is simple to prepare, and can achieve the effect of improving the luminous efficiency of the luminous material without screw pitch gradient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an OLED display according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an OLED display when the OLED display is curved.
The meaning of each reference numeral in the figures is: the touch panel comprises a 1-substrate layer, a 2-buffer layer, a 3-microcavity structure layer, a 4-light extraction layer, a 5-packaging layer, a 6-touch unit layer, a 7-circular polarizer, an 8-cover plate, a 9-first convex surface and a 10-second convex surface;
301-a first electrode layer, 302-an organic light emitting layer, 303-a pixel defining layer, 304-a second electrode layer;
30301-a first pixel definition layer, 30302-a second pixel definition layer;
701-a brightness enhancement film, 702-a wide-wave-domain phase difference compensation film, 703-a linear polarizer.
Detailed Description
The following examples illustrate the invention in further detail.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment provides an OLED display, and the structure includes a substrate layer 1, a microcavity structure layer 3, a light extraction layer 4, an encapsulation layer 5, a touch unit layer 6, a circular polarizer 7 and a cover plate 8;
the microcavity structure layer 3 includes a first electrode layer 301, an organic light-emitting layer 302, a pixel defining layer 303, and a second electrode layer 304; the first electrode layer 301 is an anode, the anode is a high work function electrode material, such as transparent oxide of ITO, IZO, etc. or a composite electrode formed by Ag/ITO, ag/IZO, CNT/ITO, CNT/IZO, GO/ITO, GO/IZO, etc., the average reflectivity of the anode to ambient light is 95%, and the thickness is 10-100nm;
the second electrode layer 304 is a cathode layer, the cathode layer is a semi-transparent semi-reflective layer, the reflectivity of the cathode layer to ambient light is 40%, and the transmittance is 58%.
The pixel definition layer 303 includes a first pixel definition layer 30301 and a second pixel definition layer 30302;
coating hydrophilic light-absorbing material on the anode through a coating process, opening holes on the first pixel definition layer 30301 by using a developing and etching technology, coating hydrophobic light-absorbing material on the first pixel definition layer 30301 through a coating process, and opening holes on the second pixel definition layer 30302 by using a developing and etching technology;
the circular polarizer 7 includes a brightness enhancement film 701, a wide-band phase difference compensation film 702, and a linear polarizer 703 in this order from bottom to top.
A buffer layer 2 is also arranged between the substrate layer 1 and the microcavity structure layer 3.
The first pixel defining layer 30301 and the second pixel defining layer 30302 form a first convex surface 9 and a second convex surface 10 on the side wall of the opening during etching, and the first convex surface 9 and the second convex surface 10 are protruded in a direction away from the substrate layer 1;
the included angle between the first convex surface 9 and the substrate layer 1 is 5-20 degrees, and the included angle between the second convex surface 10 and the substrate layer 1 is 20-30 degrees. The included angle between the first convex surface 9 and the substrate layer 1 is smaller, which is favorable for the light emitting layer to emit light and reduces the blocking of the light with large visual angle.
The absorptivity of light by the pixel defining layer 303 is 95%.
The number of the organic light emitting layers 302 is at least one. On the one hand, the number of the organic light-emitting layers 302 can be increased to increase the cavity length of the microcavity, so that the optical path is increased, and the strength of the microcavity is improved; on the other hand, the luminous flux can be effectively increased, and the luminous efficiency of the organic light-emitting diode can be improved. The light emitting material of the organic light emitting layer 302 is a Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) material including at least one of a small molecule thermally activated delayed fluorescence material, a dendrimer, and a polymer TADF material.
The central wavelength of light emitted by the TADF material is 695-705nm;540-550nm; a wavelength of 430-440 nm. The half-peak width of light emitted by the TADF material is 1-40nm;
the light-emitting material of the red sub-pixel region when the central wavelength of light emitted by the TADF material is a certain wavelength of 695-705nm; the light-emitting material of the green sub-pixel region when the central wavelength of light emitted by the TADF material is a certain wavelength of 540-550nm; the light-emitting material of the blue sub-pixel region when the central wavelength of light emitted by the TADF material is one of 430-440 nm;
the wide-wave-domain phase difference compensation film 702 is a liquid crystal coating type phase difference compensation film or an extension type phase difference compensation film, and includes a single-layer or multi-layer structure; the wide-wave-domain retardation compensation film 702 has Re (450)/Re (550) of 0.7-0.9, re (650)/Re (550) of 1.1-1.4, and Re (550) of 80-190nm. The thickness of the liquid crystal coating type phase difference compensation film is 0.1-10um; the thickness of the extended phase difference compensation film is 15-60um.
The brightness enhancement film 701 is a polymer liquid crystal brightness enhancement film. There are two ways of forming the polymer liquid crystal brightness enhancement film, one is that the molecule itself contains chiral carbon atoms or other chiral groups, and the other is that an optically active substance is added to the nematic liquid crystal. The high molecular liquid crystal brightening film is at least one of a cholesteric derivative material, a nematic liquid crystal material formed by polymerizing a chiral compound and a photoinitiator under ultraviolet irradiation, a cholesteric liquid crystal material formed by diffusing the nematic liquid crystal and the chiral compound under a heat treatment condition, or a cholesteric liquid crystal material formed by polymerizing the chiral ionic compound under the action of an electromagnetic field.
The brightness enhancement film 701 has a single-layer structure or a multi-layer composite structure. The central reflection wavelength of the single-layer structure brightness enhancement film is 695-705nm;540-550nm; a wavelength of 430-440 nm.
The central reflection wavelength of the single-layer structure brightness enhancement film is a red light brightness enhancement film when the central reflection wavelength is a certain wavelength of 695-705nm; the central reflection wavelength of the single-layer structure brightness enhancement film is a green light brightness enhancement film when the central reflection wavelength is a certain wavelength of 540-550nm; the central reflection wavelength of the single-layer structure brightness enhancement film is 430-440nm, and one wavelength is blue light brightness enhancement film.
The reflection bandwidth of the single-layer structure brightness enhancement film is 30-60nm;
the reflection wave band of the red light brightening film is consistent with the wave band with selectively enhanced microcavity effect of the red sub-pixel area; the reflection wave band of the green light brightness enhancement film is consistent with the wave band with selectively enhanced microcavity effect of the green sub-pixel area; the reflection wave band of the blue light brightness enhancement film is consistent with the wave band with selectively enhanced microcavity effect of the blue sub-pixel area.
The multi-layer composite structure brightness enhancement film covers the light emitting wave band of the light emitting material of the light emitting layer. The multi-layer composite structure brightness enhancement film is formed by adhering red light brightness enhancement film, green light brightness enhancement film and blue light brightness enhancement film in pairs or uniformly coating the red light brightness enhancement film, the green light brightness enhancement film and the blue light brightness enhancement film by adopting multiple layers simultaneously, forming multiple layers of coating, and curing to obtain the multi-layer composite structure brightness enhancement film.
The linear polarizer 703, the wide-wave-domain retardation compensation film 702 and the brightness enhancement film 701 in the circular polarizer 7 are directly bonded through an adhesive layer.
Thickness of the adhesive layer the thickness of the adhesive layer may be selected according to the thickness of the linear polarizer 703, the wide-wave-domain retardation compensation film 702 and the brightness enhancement film 701, and the thickness range is 1 μm to 30 μm.
In this embodiment, the microcavity length of the microcavity structure layer 3 in the front display region of the OLED display is smaller than the microcavity length of the microcavity structure layer 3 in the edge display region of the OLED display. When the edge display area is folded to form a panel for display, the microcavity length of the microcavity structural layer 3 in the edge display area is longer and has stronger microcavity effect, so that the RGB monochromatic color coordinates obtained in the edge display area are the same as or similar to the RGB monochromatic color coordinates obtained in the front display area, the half-peak width of the spectrum is similar, the problems of color shift and low color purity of the edge area are further effectively solved, and the display effect is improved. Meanwhile, the light with specific wavelength can be selected and enhanced by the organic light-emitting layer 302 in the microcavity structure 3, so that spectrum narrowing is realized, namely microcavity effect is generated, color purity is improved, and display effect is better.
The intensity of the microcavity effect of the organic light emitting diode corresponding to green light is greater than the intensity of the microcavity effect of the organic light emitting diode corresponding to red light and blue light.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when external ambient light (natural light) is irradiated to the surface of the linear polarizer 703, the natural light may be decomposed into light perpendicular to the absorption axis of the linear polarizer 703 and light parallel to the absorption axis of the linear polarizer 703, wherein the light parallel to the absorption axis of the linear polarizer 703 is absorbed and the light perpendicular to the absorption axis of the linear polarizer 703 may pass through the linear polarizer 703. On the basis of the light-emitting wave band of the organic light-emitting layer 302, the micro-cavity effect further narrows the light-emitting wave band, and the color purity is further improved.
Since the reflection bandwidth of the brightness enhancement film 701 is 30-60nm, the single-layer brightness enhancement film corresponds to the wavelength band with selectively enhanced microcavity effect in the area of the organic light-emitting layer 302, and the multi-layer composite structure brightness enhancement film covers the light-emitting wavelength band of the light-emitting material of the organic light-emitting layer 302. Ambient light irradiated outside the region of the organic light emitting layer 302 is absorbed by the first pixel defining layer 30301 and the second pixel defining layer 30302. The ambient light irradiated to the region of the organic light emitting layer 302 may be classified into ambient light in accordance with the reflection band of the brightness enhancing film and ambient light in accordance with the reflection band of the brightness enhancing film. Ambient light with the reflection band consistent with the brightness enhancement film 701 can reach the metal electrode first electrode layer 301 through the brightness enhancement film 701, the ambient light is less in the area irradiated to the organic light emitting layer 302, the ambient light is reflected by the metal electrode of the first electrode layer 301 to change the rotation direction, the ambient light reaches the brightness enhancement film 701 to be reflected, the ambient light reaches the first electrode layer 301 again to change the rotation direction through the metal electrode to be circularly polarized light capable of passing through the rotation direction of the brightness enhancement film 701, the ambient light passes through the wide-wave-domain phase difference compensation film 702 again to be converted into light perpendicular to the absorption axis of the linear polarizer 703 to be transmitted to the outside, the ambient light with the non-uniform reflection band of the brightness enhancement film 701 is not influenced by the brightness enhancement film 701, the ambient light can directly pass through the brightness enhancement film 701 to reach the metal electrode of the first electrode layer 301, the ambient light is reflected by the metal electrode first electrode layer 301 to change the rotation direction, and then directly passes through the brightness enhancement film 701 to be converted into a linear polarization film 703 to be absorbed by the linear polarizer 703 parallel to the absorption axis of the linear polarizer 703. The OLED display contrast is greatly improved.
The light emitted by the OLED organic light-emitting layer 302 adopts TADF materials to narrow the red, green and blue spectrums, thereby improving the color purity, and the microcavity structure 3 in the organic light-emitting layer 302 further narrows the light-emitting band, thereby further enhancing the color purity of the OLED display, meeting the pure color requirements of the three primary colors of red, green and blue, improving the display image quality of the display, and effectively solving the problems of impure display chromaticity and insufficient color vividness caused by wider intrinsic light-emitting spectrum of the organic materials in the existing OLED display. The microcavity of the microcavity structure 3 in the edge display area is longer and has stronger microcavity effect, so that the RGB monochromatic color coordinates obtained in the edge display area are the same as or similar to the RGB monochromatic color coordinates obtained in the front display area, and the half-peak width of the spectrum is similar, thereby effectively solving the problems of color shift and low color purity of the edge area and improving the display effect. The emitted light selectively passes through the brightness enhancement film 701 to reflect the right-hand circular polarized light, or the right-hand circular polarized light is reflected by the right-hand circular polarized light, the passing circular polarized light can be converted into light which is perpendicular to the absorption axis of the circular polarizer 7 through the wide-wave-domain phase difference compensation film 702 to be emitted, the circular polarized light which does not pass through the brightness enhancement film 701 and has the opposite rotation direction can be reflected by the brightness enhancement film to rebound to the metal electrode of the first electrode layer 301, the rotation direction of the rebound circular polarized light can be changed through the reflection of the metal electrode, the rotation direction of the rebound circular polarized light can be converted into the rotation direction which can pass through the brightness enhancement film 701 to be emitted to the outside, and the light transmittance and the color purity of the OLED display are greatly improved.
The foregoing is a further elaboration of the present invention, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments shown, but rather that a number of simple deductions or substitutions be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, all shall be deemed to fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims which are filed herewith.
Claims (9)
1. An OLED display is characterized by comprising a substrate layer (1), a microcavity structure layer (3), a light extraction layer (4), a packaging layer (5), a touch control unit layer (6), a circular polarizer (7) and a cover plate (8);
the microcavity structure layer (3) comprises a first electrode layer (301), an organic light-emitting layer (302), a pixel definition layer (303) and a second electrode layer (304);
the pixel definition layer comprises a first pixel definition layer (30301) and a second pixel definition layer (30302);
the circular polarizer (7) comprises a brightness enhancement film (701), a wide-wave-domain phase difference compensation film (702) and a linear polarizer (703) from bottom to top.
2. An OLED display as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a buffer layer (2) is further arranged between the substrate layer (1) and the microcavity structure layer (3).
3. An OLED display as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first pixel defining layer (30301) and the second pixel defining layer (30302) form a first convex surface (9) and a second convex surface (10) respectively at the side walls of the opening during etching, the first convex surface (9) and the second convex surface (10) protruding away from the substrate layer (1);
the included angle between the first convex surface (9) and the substrate layer (1) is 5-20 degrees, and the included angle between the second convex surface (10) and the substrate layer (1) is 20-30 degrees;
the organic light-emitting layer is embedded in the second convex surface of the second pixel definition layer.
4. An OLED display as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the pixel defining layer (303) has an absorptivity of 95% for light.
5. The OLED display according to claim 1, wherein the wide-band retardation compensation film (702) is a liquid crystal coating type retardation compensation film or an extended type retardation compensation film, and comprises a single-layer or multi-layer structure.
6. The OLED display device according to claim 1, wherein the brightness enhancing film (701) is a polymeric liquid crystal brightness enhancing film.
7. The OLED display according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the brightness enhancing film (701) has a single layer structure or a multi-layer composite structure.
8. The OLED display according to claim 1, wherein the linear polarizer (703), the wide-band retardation compensation film (702) and the brightness enhancement film (701) in the circular polarizer (7) are directly bonded through an adhesive layer.
9. The OLED display device claimed in claim 8, wherein the adhesive layer has a thickness of 1 μm to 30 μm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310176381.8A CN116075176A (en) | 2023-02-28 | 2023-02-28 | OLED display |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310176381.8A CN116075176A (en) | 2023-02-28 | 2023-02-28 | OLED display |
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| CN116075176A true CN116075176A (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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| CN202310176381.8A Pending CN116075176A (en) | 2023-02-28 | 2023-02-28 | OLED display |
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- 2023-02-28 CN CN202310176381.8A patent/CN116075176A/en active Pending
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