CN116073870A - Precoding method, device and terminal for backscatter communication BSC - Google Patents
Precoding method, device and terminal for backscatter communication BSC Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a precoding method, device and terminal for a backscatter communication BSC, which belong to the technical field of communication, and the method of the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a backscatter communication BSC terminal determines load impedance corresponding to each antenna in a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal; the BSC terminal obtains precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna; and the BSC terminal performs precoding on the signal to be transmitted according to the precoding parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to a precoding method, device and terminal for a backscatter communication BSC.
Background
Backscatter communication (Backscatter Communication, BSC) refers to a backscatter communication device that uses radio frequency signals in other devices or environments to signal modulate to transmit its own information. The BSC system comprises the following parts: BSC transmitter (also referred to as BSC terminal), BSC receiver. For example, the BSC transmitter may be a Tag (Tag).
When the BSC transmitter needs to perform long-distance communication, the BSC transmitter will be affected by channel fading, and the communication quality will be reduced. For example, tags collect radio frequency signals in the environment through antennas and communicate using backscatter technology. The wireless signal can experience round-trip double path fading in the communication process, so the path loss is large and the effective communication distance is short. How to enhance the coverage capability of a backscatter communication system is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a precoding method, device and terminal for a back-scattering communication BSC, which can enhance the coverage capability of a back-scattering communication system.
In a first aspect, a precoding method for a backscatter communication BSC is provided, the method comprising:
the method comprises the steps that a backscatter communication BSC terminal determines load impedance corresponding to each antenna in a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal;
the BSC terminal obtains precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna;
and the BSC terminal performs precoding on the signal to be transmitted according to the precoding parameters.
In a second aspect, a precoding apparatus for a backscatter communication BSC is provided, comprising:
a determining module, configured to determine a load impedance corresponding to each of a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna;
and the processing module is used for precoding the signal to be transmitted according to the precoding parameter.
In a third aspect, there is provided a terminal comprising a processor, a memory and a program or instruction stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the program or instruction when executed by the processor implementing the steps of the method according to the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, there is provided a backscatter communication BSC terminal comprising:
a processor, a plurality of antennas, and a plurality of loads;
wherein a plurality of said antennas are connected to said plurality of loads through switches, said processor being adapted to implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, a terminal is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, where the processor is configured to determine a load impedance corresponding to each of a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal; acquiring precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna; and precoding the signal to be transmitted according to the precoding parameter.
In a sixth aspect, there is provided a readable storage medium having stored thereon a program or instructions which when executed by a processor implement the steps of the method according to the first aspect.
In a seventh aspect, a chip is provided, the chip comprising a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor being coupled, the processor being configured to execute programs or instructions for implementing the method according to the first aspect.
In an eighth aspect, a computer program/program product is provided, the computer program/program product being stored in a non-transitory storage medium, the program/program product being executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the precoding method for a backscatter communication BSC as described in the first aspect.
In the embodiment of the application, the BSC terminal determines the load impedance corresponding to each antenna in a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal; the BSC terminal can acquire precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna; the BSC terminal performs precoding on signals to be transmitted according to precoding parameters, wherein the load impedance can influence the amplitude and the phase of the reflection coefficient, so that the reflection coefficient is adjusted by switching the load impedance corresponding to each antenna, the beamforming can be realized by utilizing the phase change of the reflection coefficient, the coverage capability of a backscatter communication system is enhanced through multiple antennas and a precoding technology, and the hardware complexity is lower.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application are applicable;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a BSC terminal principle provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is one of flow diagrams of a precoding method for a BSC according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a load impedance selection principle provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a precoding principle provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of load impedance selection and precoding principle provided in an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 8 is one of schematic structural diagrams of a precoding apparatus for a BSC according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic hardware structure of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of the protection of the present application.
The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein, and that the terms "first" and "second" are generally intended to be used in a generic sense and not to limit the number of objects, for example, the first object may be one or more. Furthermore, in the description and claims, "and/or" means at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/" generally means a relationship in which the associated object is an "or" before and after.
It is noted that the techniques described in embodiments of the present application are not limited to long term evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE)/LTE evolution (LTE-Advanced, LTE-a) systems, but may also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as code division multiple access (Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA), time division multiple access (Time Division Multiple Access, TDMA), frequency division multiple access (Frequency Division Multiple Access, FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access, OFDMA), single-carrier frequency division multiple access (Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access, SC-FDMA), and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the techniques described may be used for both the above-mentioned systems and radio technologies, as well as other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New air interface (NR) system for purposes of example and uses NR terminology in much of the description that follows, but these techniques are also applicable to applications other than NR system applications, such as generation 6 (6) th Generation, 6G) communication system.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which the embodiments of the present application are applicable. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network device 12. The terminal 11 may also be called a terminal Device or a User Equipment (UE), and the terminal 11 may be a terminal-side Device such as a mobile phone, a tablet (Tablet Personal Computer), a Laptop (Laptop Computer) or a notebook (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), a palm Computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal Computer (ultra-mobile personal Computer, UMPC), a mobile internet Device (Mobile Internet Device, MID), an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR)/Virtual Reality (VR) Device, a robot, a Wearable Device (VUE), a pedestrian terminal (PUE), a smart home (home Device with a wireless communication function, such as a refrigerator, a television, a washing machine, or furniture, etc.), and the Wearable Device includes: intelligent watches, intelligent bracelets, intelligent headphones, intelligent glasses, intelligent jewelry (intelligent bracelets, intelligent rings, intelligent necklaces, intelligent bracelets, intelligent footchains, etc.), intelligent bracelets, intelligent clothing, game machines, etc. Note that, the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The network side device 12 may be a base station or a core network, wherein the base station may be referred to as a node B, an evolved node B, an access point, a base transceiver station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a basic service set (Basic Service Set, BSS), an extended service set (Extended Service Set, ESS), a node B, an evolved node B (eNB), a home node B, a home evolved node B, a WLAN access point, a WiFi node, a transmission and reception point (Transmitting Receiving Point, TRP), or some other suitable terminology in the field, and the base station is not limited to a specific technical vocabulary so long as the same technical effect is achieved, and it should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is taken as an example, but the specific type of the base station is not limited.
Introduction of backscatter communication BSC system:
the BSC system comprises the following parts: BSC transmitter (also referred to as BSC terminal), BSC receiver. The Tag is one form of BSC transmitter, and its structure is shown in fig. 2. The BSC system uses radio frequency signals in the environment, such as from cellular, television broadcast and WiFi signals, the Tag collects its energy and sends signals to the receiver (the receiver is taken as an example of a base station in this application) that load the information to be transmitted into the environment to enable communication between the passive Tag and the receiver. The Tag is used as a passive device in a BSC system and mainly comprises a radio frequency energy collector, a switch, a modulation module and an information decoder. The Tag receives radio frequency source signals in the environment, acquires energy from the radio frequency source signals, stores the energy in an energy collector and provides energy for hardware modules such as signal processing and signal transmission of the Tag. The received signals in the environment are then modulated and transmitted via a transmit antenna to a receiver.
In particular, in order to transmit information bits stored in a memory to a receiver, the Tag changes the amplitude and phase of the backscatter signal by controlling the switching load impedance to effect modulation of the carrier wave in the received environment, and eventually the receiver can receive and decode the backscatter signal.
In a circuit having a resistor R, an inductance L and a capacitance C, the impedance acts as a barrier to the current in the circuit. The impedance may be represented by Z:
the above expression may be further expressed as an expression having amplitude and phase information. Next, we define the reflection coefficient Γ, and each antenna impedance of Tag to be Z A The ith load impedance is Z i . According to (1), it is possible to:
wherein θ A And theta i The phases of the antenna and the i-th load impedance are represented, respectively. Assuming that the Tag has M antennas (M is equal to or greater than 2) and N load impedances, wherein the antenna impedance of each antenna is equal to the i-th load impedance Z i Corresponding reflection coefficient Γ i Is defined as follows:
from equations (5) and (6), it can be seen that the magnitude and phase of the reflection coefficient have a large relationship with the selection of the load impedance, and it can be further seen that the magnitude and phase of the load impedance affect the magnitude and phase of the reflection coefficient.
In a 5G communication system, one base station serves a plurality of users, and there is serious inter-user interference and inter-user data stream interference. Although interference can be suppressed to a certain extent and system capacity can be improved by adding an antenna at the base station end, system performance improvement is limited. In order to suppress inter-user interference, increase system capacity and simplify design cost of the user end, the base station may employ a precoding technique in the downlink.
In precoding design, a common array antenna is a linear antenna array or a rectangular planar array. The linear antenna array is an antenna array composed of a plurality of array elements which are separated from each other and are arranged on a straight line at the center.
As shown in FIG. 3, N array elements are uniformly distributed on a straight line, wherein the first one is a reference point, and the observation angle is
Observing phase a when array element spacing is d i Can be expressed as:
the above k represents wave number, and the array factor maximum direction is represented by
It is decided that the current stimulus with amplitude and phase is denoted as I, and thus the matrix factor expression can be expressed as:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
representing reference array elementsIs a view angle of (a). The main lobe value, main lobe width, and null position of the beam can be further discussed according to equation (8) above. Further, the array response vector of the linear array can be expressed as:
the NR standard supports uplink (i.e., PUSCH) multi-antenna precoding of up to 4 layers, and if DFT precoding OFDM technology is used for uplink transmission, only single-layer transmission can be supported. The terminal may configure two modes with respect to multi-antenna precoding of PUSCH: one is codebook-based transmission and the other is non-codebook-based transmission. As to which mode is selected, it is generally dependent on whether the uplink and downlink channels have reciprocity, or how well the terminal can learn about the uplink channel by means of downlink measurement.
One limitation of uplink multi-antenna transmission is how much the terminal can control the correlation between antennas, or how much the relative phase between signals transmitted on two antennas of the terminal can be controlled by the terminal. In general, in multi-antenna precoding, the weights of the antenna ports need to be accurately adjusted, including specific phase shifts. These weights will be applied to the signals transmitted by the different antenna ports. If the correlation cannot be controlled, the actual weight of each antenna becomes more or less a random value, so that the weight becomes less and less meaningful.
The weight value needs to consider not only the current phase but also the reference phase of the antenna, and the reference phase can be used for phase deflection of each signal. While the reflection coefficient may change the current phase (or amplitude).
When the BSC transmitter needs to perform long-distance communication, the BSC transmitter is affected by channel fading, signals are sent to the terminal in a single-antenna back-scattering communication system in a broadcasting mode, signal energy radiates to the periphery, the influence of double-path fading of the channel cannot be effectively resisted, and the problems of low transmission rate, poor communication reliability during long-distance transmission and the like are caused. Therefore, in the embodiment of the application, the introduction of the multi-antenna enhancement technology and the precoding technology can be considered, so that the transmission rate and the transmission reliability of the BSC system can be effectively improved, and the coverage capability of the backscatter communication system can be enhanced.
However, the precoding design of the BSC terminal is limited by hardware, power consumption, transmission mode, and other factors. How to implement precoding at the BSC terminal is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
In the embodiment of the application, the phase information and the amplitude information of the reflection coefficient can be obtained by controlling the selection of the load impedance corresponding to each antenna, so that the precoding parameters can be obtained, and the precoding is realized by using the precoding parameters.
The precoding method for the BSC provided by the embodiment of the application is described in detail below by some embodiments and application scenarios with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a precoding method for a BSC according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the precoding method for BSC provided in this embodiment includes:
and step 101, determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna in a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal by the back-scattering communication BSC terminal.
Specifically, a multi-antenna enhancement technique is introduced in a BSC system, and in order to transmit information bits to be transmitted to a receiver, a BSC terminal modulates carriers in its received environment by controlling the load impedance corresponding to each antenna to change the amplitude and phase of its backscatter signal.
The phase change of different reflection coefficients is controlled by controlling the loads connected with each antenna, so that different directions of wave beams are realized.
Suppose that the BSC terminal has M antennas (M.gtoreq.2) and N loads (N.gtoreq.M).
Optionally, when determining the load impedance corresponding to the antenna, the impedance matching characteristic of the antenna should be ensured as much as possible, that is, in order to obtain the maximum power transmission of the BSC terminal, an optimal load impedance combination corresponding to M antennas should be selected to generate the precoding matrix, that is, M load impedances corresponding to M antennas respectively, where the combination of M load impedances is optimal.
Specifically, the load impedance corresponding to each antenna may correspond to different reflection coefficients, so as to obtain the precoding parameter according to the reflection coefficient and the load impedance.
Assuming that M is 2 and N is 6, the load impedance corresponding to the antenna 1 at a certain moment is the load impedance Z of the 1 st load 1 The load impedance of the antenna 2 is the load impedance Z of the 4 th load 4 The precoding parameters are:
wherein Γ is i Representing the reflection coefficient corresponding to the ith load impedance,
wherein Z is A Represents the antenna impedance, θ A Indicating the phase, θ, of the antenna i Representing the phase of the i-th load impedance.
Specifically, assuming that the modulated signal is s, the precoding parameter includes a precoding matrix F, and the signal to be transmitted is precoded by directly multiplying the precoding matrix F with the modulated signal s, and transmitting the precoded signal to a wireless channel through an antenna, a signal backscattered to the base station may be represented as Fs.
In the method of the embodiment, a BSC terminal determines load impedance corresponding to each antenna in a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal; the BSC terminal can acquire precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna; the BSC terminal performs precoding on signals to be transmitted according to precoding parameters, wherein the load impedance can influence the amplitude and the phase of the reflection coefficient, so that the reflection coefficient is adjusted by switching the load impedance corresponding to each antenna, the beamforming can be realized by utilizing the phase change of the reflection coefficient, the coverage capability of a backscatter communication system is enhanced through multiple antennas and a precoding technology, and the hardware complexity is lower.
The precoding technology adopted in the embodiment of the application avoids hardware equipment such as a phase shifter and the like required by traditional precoding, and effectively reduces the hardware complexity of the BSC terminal.
Optionally, the information of the BSC terminal includes at least one of: the number of antennas, the number of loads, the load impedance corresponding to each load, energy storage information, carrier frequency, working bandwidth, switching speed and the like.
In one embodiment, the number of the plurality of antennas is M, the number of the plurality of loads is N, and the load impedance of each load is Z i ；
Alternatively, different codebooks may be generated according to different arrangements of antennas and loads of the BSC terminals. Furthermore, different precoding matrices may be generated from the codebook according to different connections of the M antennas and the N loads.
Optionally, M antennas of the BSC terminal correspond to any M loads of the N respectively; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
m antennas of the BSC terminal respectively correspond to any one load in K groups in N loads; k is obtained by rounding N/M.
Wherein M, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, N is greater than or equal to M.
Specifically, the N loads may be freely arranged. Assuming that the N loads are arranged linearly, the M antennas may be connected to any one of the N loads. The architecture has a high degree of freedom in connection, but requires many switch connections.
Alternatively, the N loads may be arranged in M columns, with each antenna being connected to only any one of the impedances in a certain column. The connection freedom of the architecture is lower than the aforementioned architecture, but the number of required switch connection lines is smaller.
In the above embodiment, the N loads may be freely arranged, or the N loads may be grouped, and then the loads therein are selected to be connected with the antenna, so that a suitable manner may be selected based on an actual application scenario, which is more flexible.
In an embodiment, the step 101 may be specifically implemented as follows:
mode of
The BSC terminal determines the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted, the link state information and the load impedance of a plurality of loads of the BSC terminal.
Optionally, the modulation information includes a modulation mode, and the link state information includes channel state information.
Specifically, the BSC terminal selects the load impedance corresponding to each antenna from the load impedances of a plurality of loads according to the modulation mode and the channel state information of the signal to be transmitted, and further obtains the precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna, thereby realizing beam forming.
For example, the BSC terminal has M antennas, N loads, N being greater than M, the load impedances of the respective loads being Z i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to the modulation mode and channel state information of the signal to be transmitted, the 1 st antenna is connected with the 1 st load, namely, the 1 st antenna corresponds to the load impedance of the 1 st load, and the 2 nd antenna is connected with the 3 rd load, namely, the 1 st antenna corresponds to the load impedance of the 3 rd load.
Alternatively, the load impedance corresponding to each antenna may be specifically determined in the following ways:
mode a:
the BSC terminal determines a first load impedance set corresponding to each antenna according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted and the load impedance of a plurality of loads; the first set of load impedances includes a load impedance of at least one load;
and the BSC terminal respectively determines the load impedance corresponding to each antenna from the first load impedance set corresponding to each antenna according to the link state information.
Specifically, the signal to be transmitted is a modulated signal, and a different first set of load impedances a is selected for each antenna from the load impedances of the plurality of loads of the BSC terminal according to the modulation information, such as the modulation mode, of the signal to be transmitted i (2≤i≤M)，And then based on the communication link requirements, such as link state information, from the first set of load impedances A i Different load impedances are selected for each antenna to obtain a precoding matrix.
Mode b:
the BSC terminal determines a second load impedance set corresponding to each antenna according to the link state information and the load impedance of the plurality of loads; the second set of load impedances includes a load impedance of at least one load;
and the BSC terminal respectively determines the load impedance corresponding to each antenna from the second load impedance set corresponding to each antenna according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted.
Specifically, a different second set of load impedances B is selected for each antenna from the load impedances of the plurality of loads of the BSC terminal based on communication link requirements, such as link state information i (2.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.M) and then from the second set of load impedances B according to modulation information, e.g. modulation scheme i And selecting an optimal load impedance for each antenna to obtain a precoding matrix.
In the above embodiment, the load impedance corresponding to each antenna may be determined based on the modulation information and the link state information of the signal to be transmitted, which is simple to implement, that is, by switching the load impedance corresponding to each antenna, adjusting the reflection coefficient, and beamforming may be implemented by using the phase change of the reflection coefficient, thereby enhancing the coverage capability of the backscatter communication system by using multiple antennas and the precoding technique, and improving the hardware complexity.
Another way is
And the BSC terminal determines the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the target direction of the wave beam and the link state information.
Optionally, the M antennas are arranged linearly. Each antenna is connected with a switch through a feeder line and is used for connecting different loads.
Optionally, the BSC terminal determines the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the target direction of the beam, the link state information and the configuration information of the BSC terminal.
Specifically, when the T (1. Ltoreq.t) th beam is selected, in order to achieve beam pointing in the target direction, according to configuration information of the BSC terminal and communication link requirements (such as channel state information), phase and/or amplitude information of different load impedances can be fully utilized, and loads to be connected to each antenna are selected, that is, load impedances corresponding to each antenna are determined.
Optionally, the configuration information of the BSC terminal includes at least one of: the number of antennas, the number of loads, the load impedance and the energy storage condition corresponding to the loads, and the like.
In the above embodiment, the BSC terminal determines the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the target direction of the beam, the link state information and the configuration information of the BSC terminal, which is simple to implement, that is, by switching the load impedance corresponding to each antenna, adjusting the reflection coefficient, beamforming can be implemented by using the phase change of the reflection coefficient, and the coverage capability of the backscatter communication system is enhanced by the multi-antenna and precoding technology, and the hardware complexity is also achieved.
In one embodiment, step 102 may be specifically implemented as follows:
the BSC terminal obtains the reflection coefficient corresponding to each antenna according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna;
And the BSC terminal acquires the precoding parameters according to the reflection coefficients and the phase of the load impedance.
Specifically, the reflection coefficient corresponding to each antenna may be obtained according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna by using the formulas (4) - (6), and further, the precoding parameter may be obtained according to each reflection coefficient and the phase of the load impedance, assuming that M is 2, n is 6, and the load impedance corresponding to the antenna 1 at a certain moment is the load impedance Z of the 1 st load 1 The load impedance of the antenna 2 is the load impedance Z of the 4 th load 4 The precoding parameters are:
wherein Γ is i Is the reflection coefficient, theta i Representing the phase of the i-th load impedance.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
the BSC terminal forms beams in different directions corresponding to the plurality of antennas in a time division mode according to the precoding parameters;
the BSC terminal transmits the precoded signals by using beams in different directions.
Specifically, the BSC terminal scans with time division beams, that is, the t-th beam and the t+1th beam are formed in sequence by passing time division. And transmitting the precoded signals by using a plurality of time division beams.
Alternatively, the beam may also be a time-division random beam, i.e. a different first set of load impedances A is selected for each antenna according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted i (2. Ltoreq.i.ltoreq.M) from the selected first set of load impedances A at each instant i Any one of the load impedances is selected for use.
Alternatively, selecting the load impedance may be achieved by:
and the opening/closing of different switches is controlled to realize the connection of the antenna and the load.
In the above embodiment, according to the precoding parameters, the beams in different directions corresponding to the multiple antennas are formed in a time division manner; the BSC terminal transmits the precoded signals by utilizing beams in different directions, so that the coverage capability of a backscatter communication system is enhanced, and the hardware complexity is lower.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a radio frequency source signal in the environment is received, energy is obtained from the radio frequency source signal, and the energy is stored in an energy collection module and used as an energy source for transmitting signals. Then, in order to transmit the information bits stored in the memory to the receiver, the BSC terminal modulates the carrier wave in the environment it receives by controlling the switching load impedance to change the amplitude and phase of its backscatter signal. The received carrier wave is modulated by controlling the switching of the load impedance, assuming that the modulated signal is s. In addition, by controlling to switch different load impedances to change the phase information of the back scattered signal, a pre-coding matrix F of the BSC terminal is obtained, the pre-coding matrix F is directly multiplied with the modulated signal s and then transmitted to a wireless channel through an antenna, and then the signal back scattered to the base station can be expressed as Fs.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the load impedance selection of the BSC termination, assuming the BSC termination has 2 antennas and 6 load impedances (Z 1 ～Z 6 Obtaining the reflection coefficient Γ based on the load impedance 1 ～Γ 6 ) The state (open/close) of the switch to which each antenna is connected may be controlled by a controller. To generate 2 beams of different directions (beam 1 and beam 2, t=2), it is first assumed that the load impedances are in an ungrouped linear arrangement, at t 1 The two antennas are respectively connected with the 1 st load and the 4 th load at the moment, and the reflection coefficient gamma 1 And Γ 4 The 1 st beam can be obtained based on the array response vector of the linear array, as shown by beam 1 in fig. 6; at t 2 The two antennas are respectively connected with the 2 nd load and the 6 th load at the moment, and the reflection coefficient gamma 2 And Γ 6 Is selected to obtain the 2 nd beam.
In selecting the load impedance for each antenna, the selection may be made according to three ways:
(1) Selecting different first load impedance sets A for 2 antennas according to modulation information i (i=1, 2), e.g., a 1 ＝{Z 1 ,Z 3 ,Z 4 ,Z 6 Respectively corresponding to the reflection coefficient { Γ } 1 ,Γ 3 ,Γ 4 ,Γ 6 And A 2 ＝{Z 2 ,Z 5 ,Z 6 Respectively corresponding to the reflection coefficient { Γ } 2 ,Γ 5 ,Γ 6 }. Based on the fed back channel state information or other relevant information, at t 1 Time of day from A 1 And A 2 Selecting a reflection coefficient Γ from the set 1 And Γ 4 The corresponding loads are respectively connected with the two antennas, at t 2 Time of day from A 1 And A 2 Selecting Γ from the set 2 And Γ 6 The corresponding loads are respectively connected with the two antennas.
(2) Selecting a different second set of load impedances B for 2 antennas based on the fed-back channel state information or other related information i (i=1, 2), e.g., B 1 ＝{Z 1 ,Z 3 ,Z 4 ,Z 6 Respectively corresponding to the reflection coefficient { Γ } 1 ,Γ 3 ,Γ 4 ,Γ 6 And B (V) 2 ＝{Z 2 ,Z 5 ,Z 6 Respectively corresponding to the reflection coefficient { Γ } 2 ,Γ 5 ,Γ 6 Based on the modulation information, at t 1 Time sum t 2 Time from B 1 And B 2 The corresponding load is selected to be connected with the antenna.
(3) Combining modulation information and communication link requirements to select impedance for each antenna, eventually at t 1 Moment selection Γ 1 And Γ 4 The corresponding loads are respectively connected with the two antennas, at t 2 Moment selection Γ 2 And Γ 6 Corresponding loads are respectively connected with the two antennas.
In this embodiment, any antenna is considered to be connected to a load, and the load impedance does not need to be grouped, so that the hardware architecture in this embodiment has a more flexible connection state and a high degree of freedom, but 2×6=12 switch connection lines are required for connection of the antenna to the load.
In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, when the antenna is at t 1 After the 1 st load and the 5 th load are selected at the moment, the reflection coefficient Γ 1 And Γ 5 The corresponding phase information is selected. Selecting Γ 1 And Γ 5 Then, the 1 st beam can be obtained based on the array response vector of the linear array by the phase change of the excitation current, as shown by beam 1 in fig. 5. Similarly, the assumption is given in FIG. 7 that the 2 nd and 6 th loads are selected (corresponding reflection coefficients Γ, respectively 2 And Γ 6 ) Thereafter, a schematic diagram of beam 2 can be generated.
After the load impedances are grouped, when the load impedance is selected for each antenna, the selection can be performed in three ways. These three options are similar to the one of the embodiment of fig. 6, except that the selectable set of load impedances for the antennas is smaller in different options, since each antenna can only be connected to one of the loads in a certain column of loads after grouping the load impedances. Thus, the set of selectable load impedances becomes smaller, and the degree of freedom of connection thereof becomes correspondingly smaller.
In this embodiment, the 6 load impedances are first divided into 2 groups, and each antenna can only connect any one of the loads in one group, so that the degree of freedom is low, the flexibility is poor, but only 1×3+1×3=6 switch connection lines are needed.
In sum, by selecting different load impedances to obtain the precoding matrix, the beam scanning of the BSC terminal can be realized, the coverage capacity of the BSC is enhanced, and the coverage range of the BSC is expanded.
The wireless channels in free space have various interferences, and if the modulated signals are directly transmitted, the signals have serious distortion and large fading, which causes large error rate and detection difficulty. Therefore, the multi-antenna precoding technology is introduced in the embodiment of the application, and the different directives of the wave beams are realized by jointly controlling the phase changes of different reflection coefficients through switching different load impedance for each antenna under the condition of not increasing the hardware complexity of the BSC terminal. The transmission performance of the BSC system is enhanced, and the transmission reliability is improved.
It should be noted that, in the precoding method for a BSC provided in the embodiment of the present application, the execution body may be a precoding device for a BSC, or a processing module for executing the precoding method for a BSC in the precoding device for a BSC. In the embodiment of the present application, a precoding device for a BSC is used as an example to execute a precoding method for the BSC, and the precoding device for the BSC provided in the embodiment of the present application is described.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a precoding apparatus for BSC provided in the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the precoding apparatus 500 for BSC provided in this embodiment includes:
A determining module 210, configured to determine a load impedance corresponding to each of a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal;
an obtaining module 211, configured to obtain a precoding parameter according to a load impedance corresponding to each antenna;
and the processing module 212 is configured to precode a signal to be transmitted according to the precoding parameter.
In the device of this embodiment, the determining module determines load impedance corresponding to each of a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal; the acquisition module can acquire precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna; the processing module performs precoding on signals to be transmitted according to precoding parameters, wherein the load impedance can influence the amplitude and the phase of the reflection coefficient, so that the reflection coefficient is adjusted by switching the load impedance corresponding to each antenna, the beam forming can be realized by utilizing the phase change of the reflection coefficient, the coverage capability of the backscatter communication system is enhanced through multiple antennas and the precoding technology, and the hardware complexity is lower.
Optionally, the determining module 210 is specifically configured to:
and determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted, the link state information and the load impedance of a plurality of loads of the BSC terminal.
Optionally, the determining module 210 is specifically configured to:
according to modulation information of signals to be transmitted and load impedance of a plurality of loads, determining a first load impedance set corresponding to each antenna; the first set of load impedances includes a load impedance of at least one of the loads;
according to the link state information, determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna from a first load impedance set corresponding to each antenna; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
determining a second load impedance set corresponding to each antenna according to the link state information and the load impedances of the plurality of loads; the second set of load impedances includes a load impedance of at least one of the loads;
according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted, determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna from the second load impedance set corresponding to each antenna;
wherein the modulation information includes a modulation mode, and the link state information includes channel state information.
Optionally, the determining module 210 is specifically configured to:
and determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the target direction of the wave beam, the link state information and the configuration information of the BSC terminal.
Optionally, the configuration information of the BSC terminal includes at least one of: the number of antennas, the number of loads, the load impedance corresponding to the loads and energy storage information.
Optionally, the acquiring module 211 is specifically configured to:
obtaining reflection coefficients corresponding to the antennas according to the load impedance corresponding to the antennas;
and acquiring a precoding parameter according to each reflection coefficient and the phase of the load impedance.
Optionally, the number of the plurality of antennas is M, and the number of the plurality of loads is N;
the M antennas of the BSC terminal respectively correspond to any M loads in N; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
the M antennas of the BSC terminal respectively correspond to any one of the K groups of the N loads; the K is obtained by rounding N/M;
wherein M, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, N is greater than or equal to M.
Optionally, the processing module 212 is further configured to:
according to the precoding parameters, forming beams in different directions corresponding to the plurality of antennas in a time division mode;
and transmitting the precoded signals by utilizing the beams in different directions.
The apparatus of the present embodiment may be used to execute the method of any one of the foregoing terminal side method embodiments, and specific implementation processes and technical effects of the apparatus are similar to those of the terminal side method embodiment, and specific details of the terminal side method embodiment may be referred to in the detailed description of the terminal side method embodiment and are not repeated herein.
The precoding device for the BSC in the embodiment of the present application may be a device, a device with an operating system or an electronic device, or may be a component, an integrated circuit, or a chip in a terminal. The apparatus or electronic device may be a mobile terminal or a non-mobile terminal. By way of example, mobile terminals may include, but are not limited to, the types of terminals 11 listed above, and non-mobile terminals may be servers, network attached storage (Network Attached Storage, NAS), personal computers (personal computer, PCs), televisions (TVs), teller machines, self-service machines, etc., and embodiments of the present application are not limited in detail.
The precoding device for the BSC provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the embodiments of the methods of fig. 2 to fig. 7, and achieve the same technical effects, and for avoiding repetition, a detailed description is omitted here.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 9, the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 900, including a processor 901, a memory 902, and a program or an instruction stored in the memory 902 and capable of running on the processor 901, where, for example, the communication device 900 is a terminal, the program or the instruction is executed by the processor 901 to implement each process of the foregoing embodiment of the precoding method for a BSC, and achieve the same technical effects. In order to avoid repetition, a description thereof is omitted.
The embodiment of the application also provides a back-scattering communication BSC terminal, which comprises:
a processor, a plurality of antennas, and a plurality of loads;
the plurality of antennas are connected with the plurality of loads through switches, and the processor is used for implementing the method of the terminal side method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation manner of the method embodiment can be applied to the terminal embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.
The embodiment of the application also provides a terminal, which comprises a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used for determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna in a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal; acquiring precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna; and precoding signals to be transmitted according to the precoding parameters, wherein the communication interface is used for communicating with network side equipment. The terminal embodiment corresponds to the terminal-side method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation manner of the method embodiment are applicable to the terminal embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects. Specifically, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a terminal for implementing an embodiment of the present application.
The terminal 1000 includes, but is not limited to: at least some of the components of the radio frequency unit 1001, the network module 1002, the audio output unit 1003, the input unit 1004, the sensor 1005, the display unit 1006, the user input unit 1007, the interface unit 1008, the memory 1009, and the processor 1010, etc.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that terminal 1000 can also include a power source (e.g., a battery) for powering the various components, which can be logically connected to processor 1010 by a power management system so as to perform functions such as managing charge, discharge, and power consumption by the power management system. The terminal structure shown in fig. 10 does not constitute a limitation of the terminal, and the terminal may include more or less components than shown, or may combine some components, or may be arranged in different components, which will not be described in detail herein.
It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the input unit 1004 may include a graphics processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) 10041 and a microphone 10042, and the graphics processor 10041 processes image data of still pictures or videos obtained by an image capturing device (such as a camera) in a video capturing mode or an image capturing mode. The display unit 1006 may include a display panel 10061, and the display panel 10061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, or the like. The user input unit 1007 includes a touch panel 10071 and other input devices 10072. The touch panel 10071 is also referred to as a touch screen. The touch panel 10071 can include two portions, a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 10072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (e.g., volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, and so forth, which are not described in detail herein.
In this embodiment, after receiving downlink data from a network side device, the radio frequency unit 1001 processes the downlink data with the processor 1010; in addition, the uplink data is sent to the network side equipment. In general, the radio frequency unit 1001 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like.
The memory 1009 may be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 1009 may mainly include a storage program or instruction area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program or instruction area may store an operating system, an application program or instruction (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.) required for at least one function, and the like. In addition, the Memory 1009 may include a high-speed random access Memory, and may also include a nonvolatile Memory, wherein the nonvolatile Memory may be a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash Memory. Such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device.
The processor 1010 may include one or more processing units; alternatively, the processor 1010 may integrate an application processor that primarily processes operating systems, user interfaces, and applications or instructions, etc., with a modem processor that primarily processes wireless communications, such as a baseband processor. It will be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into the processor 1010.
Wherein, the processor 1010 is configured to determine a load impedance corresponding to each of a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal;
acquiring precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna;
and precoding the signal to be transmitted according to the precoding parameter.
In this embodiment, the processor determines a load impedance corresponding to each of a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal; the processor can obtain the precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna, and the processor performs precoding on the signal to be transmitted according to the precoding parameters, wherein the load impedance can influence the amplitude and the phase of the reflection coefficient, so that the reflection coefficient is adjusted by switching the load impedance corresponding to each antenna, the beam forming can be realized by utilizing the phase change of the reflection coefficient, the coverage capability of the backscatter communication system is enhanced by the multi-antenna and the precoding technology, and the hardware complexity is lower.
Optionally, the processor 1010 is specifically configured to:
and determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted, the link state information and the load impedance of a plurality of loads of the BSC terminal.
Optionally, the processor 1010 is specifically configured to:
according to modulation information of signals to be transmitted and load impedance of a plurality of loads, determining a first load impedance set corresponding to each antenna; the first set of load impedances includes a load impedance of at least one of the loads;
according to the link state information, determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna from a first load impedance set corresponding to each antenna; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
determining a second load impedance set corresponding to each antenna according to the link state information and the load impedances of the plurality of loads; the second set of load impedances includes a load impedance of at least one of the loads;
according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted, determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna from the second load impedance set corresponding to each antenna;
wherein the modulation information includes a modulation mode, and the link state information includes channel state information.
In the above embodiment, the load impedance corresponding to each antenna may be determined based on the modulation information and the link state information of the signal to be transmitted, which is simple to implement, that is, by switching the load impedance corresponding to each antenna, adjusting the reflection coefficient, and beamforming may be implemented by using the phase change of the reflection coefficient, thereby enhancing the coverage capability of the backscatter communication system by using multiple antennas and the precoding technique, and improving the hardware complexity.
Optionally, the processor 1010 is specifically configured to:
and determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the target direction of the wave beam, the link state information and the configuration information of the BSC terminal.
Optionally, the configuration information of the BSC terminal includes at least one of: the number of antennas, the number of loads, the load impedance corresponding to the loads and energy storage information. .
In the above embodiment, the BSC terminal determines the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the target direction of the beam, the link state information and the configuration information of the BSC terminal, which is simple to implement, that is, by switching the load impedance corresponding to each antenna, adjusting the reflection coefficient, beamforming can be implemented by using the phase change of the reflection coefficient, and the coverage capability of the backscatter communication system is enhanced by the multi-antenna and precoding technology, and the hardware complexity is also achieved.
Optionally, the processor 1010 is specifically configured to:
obtaining reflection coefficients corresponding to the antennas according to the load impedance corresponding to the antennas;
and acquiring a precoding parameter according to each reflection coefficient and the phase of the load impedance.
Optionally, the number of the plurality of antennas is M, and the number of the plurality of loads is N;
the M antennas of the BSC terminal respectively correspond to any M loads in N; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
the M antennas of the BSC terminal respectively correspond to any one of the K groups of the N loads; the K is obtained by rounding N/M;
wherein M, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, N is greater than or equal to M.
In the above embodiment, the N loads may be freely arranged, or the N loads may be grouped, and then the loads therein are selected to be connected with the antenna, so that a suitable manner may be selected based on an actual application scenario, which is more flexible.
Optionally, the radio frequency unit 1001 is configured to:
according to the precoding parameters, forming beams in different directions corresponding to the plurality of antennas in a time division mode;
and transmitting the precoded signals by utilizing the beams in different directions.
In the above embodiment, according to the precoding parameters, the beams in different directions corresponding to the multiple antennas are formed in a time division manner; the BSC terminal transmits the precoded signals by utilizing beams in different directions, so that the coverage capability of a backscatter communication system is enhanced, and the hardware complexity is lower.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, where a program or an instruction is stored, where the program or the instruction implements each process of the foregoing precoding method embodiment for a BSC when executed by a processor, and the same technical effects can be achieved, so that repetition is avoided, and no further description is given here.
Wherein the processor is a processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium such as a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.
The embodiment of the application further provides a chip, where the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, where the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run a program or an instruction, implement each process of the foregoing precoding method embodiment for the BSC, and achieve the same technical effect, so that repetition is avoided, and no further description is given here.
It should be understood that the chips referred to in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as system-on-chip chips, or the like.
The embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program/program product, where the computer program/program product is stored in a non-transitory storage medium, and the program/program product is executed by at least one processor to implement each process of the foregoing precoding method embodiment for a BSC, and achieve the same technical effects, so that repetition is avoided, and details are not repeated herein.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatus in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing the functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing the functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in an opposite order depending on the functions involved, e.g., the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the above-described embodiment method may be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, but of course may also be implemented by means of hardware, but in many cases the former is a preferred embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a computer software product stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), comprising several instructions for causing a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in the embodiments of the present application.
The embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application and the scope of the claims, which are also within the protection of the present application.
Claims (18)
1. A precoding method for a backscatter communication BSC, comprising:
the method comprises the steps that a backscatter communication BSC terminal determines load impedance corresponding to each antenna in a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal;
the BSC terminal obtains precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna;
and the BSC terminal performs precoding on the signal to be transmitted according to the precoding parameters.
2. The precoding method for BSC according to claim 1, wherein the backscatter communication BSC terminal determines a load impedance corresponding to each of a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal, comprising:
and the BSC terminal determines the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted, the link state information and the load impedance of a plurality of loads of the BSC terminal.
3. The precoding method for BSC according to claim 2, wherein the BSC terminal determines the load impedance corresponding to each of the antennas according to modulation information of a signal to be transmitted, link state information, and load impedances of a plurality of loads of the BSC terminal, comprising:
the BSC terminal determines a first load impedance set corresponding to each antenna according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted and the load impedances of a plurality of loads; the first set of load impedances includes a load impedance of at least one of the loads;
The BSC terminal respectively determines the load impedance corresponding to each antenna from the first load impedance set corresponding to each antenna according to the link state information; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
the BSC terminal determines a second load impedance set corresponding to each antenna according to the link state information and the load impedances of the plurality of loads; the second set of load impedances includes a load impedance of at least one of the loads;
the BSC terminal determines the load impedance corresponding to each antenna from the second load impedance set corresponding to each antenna according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted;
wherein the modulation information includes a modulation mode, and the link state information includes channel state information.
4. The precoding method for BSC according to claim 1, wherein the backscatter communication BSC terminal determines a load impedance corresponding to each of a plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal, comprising:
and the BSC terminal determines the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the target direction of the wave beam, the link state information and the configuration information of the BSC terminal.
5. The precoding method for the BSC as claimed in claim 4, wherein,
The configuration information of the BSC terminal comprises at least one of the following: the number of antennas, the number of loads, the load impedance corresponding to the loads and energy storage information.
6. The precoding method for BSC according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the BSC terminal obtains precoding parameters according to the load impedances corresponding to the antennas, including:
the BSC terminal obtains the reflection coefficient corresponding to each antenna according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna;
and the BSC terminal acquires precoding parameters according to the reflection coefficients and the phases of the load impedance.
7. The precoding method for the BSC according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the number of the plurality of antennas is M and the number of the plurality of loads is N;
the M antennas of the BSC terminal respectively correspond to any M loads in N; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
the M antennas of the BSC terminal respectively correspond to any one of the K groups of the N loads; the K is obtained by rounding N/M;
wherein M, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, N is greater than or equal to M.
8. The precoding method for a BSC according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the method further comprises:
The BSC terminal forms beams in different directions corresponding to the plurality of antennas in a time division mode according to the precoding parameters;
and the BSC terminal transmits the precoded signals by utilizing the beams in different directions.
9. A precoding apparatus for a backscatter communication BSC, comprising:
the determining module is used for determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna in the plurality of antennas of the BSC terminal;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring precoding parameters according to the load impedance corresponding to each antenna;
and the processing module is used for precoding the signal to be transmitted according to the precoding parameter.
10. The precoding device for BSC according to claim 9, wherein the determining module is specifically configured to:
and determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted, the link state information and the load impedance of a plurality of loads of the BSC terminal.
11. The precoding device for BSC according to claim 10, wherein the determining module is specifically configured to:
according to modulation information of signals to be transmitted and load impedance of a plurality of loads, determining a first load impedance set corresponding to each antenna; the first set of load impedances includes a load impedance of at least one of the loads;
According to the link state information, determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna from a first load impedance set corresponding to each antenna; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
determining a second load impedance set corresponding to each antenna according to the link state information and the load impedances of the plurality of loads; the second set of load impedances includes a load impedance of at least one of the loads;
according to the modulation information of the signal to be transmitted, determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna from the second load impedance set corresponding to each antenna;
wherein the modulation information includes a modulation mode, and the link state information includes channel state information.
12. The precoding device for BSC according to claim 9, wherein the determining module is specifically configured to:
and determining the load impedance corresponding to each antenna according to the target direction of the wave beam, the link state information and the configuration information of the BSC terminal.
13. The precoding device for a BSC according to any of the claims 9-12, wherein the obtaining module is specifically configured to:
obtaining reflection coefficients corresponding to the antennas according to the load impedance corresponding to the antennas;
And acquiring a precoding parameter according to each reflection coefficient and the phase of the load impedance.
14. The precoding apparatus for a BSC according to any one of claims 9-12, wherein the number of the plurality of antennas is M and the number of the plurality of loads is N;
the M antennas of the BSC terminal respectively correspond to any M loads in N; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
the M antennas of the BSC terminal respectively correspond to any one of the K groups of the N loads; the K is obtained by rounding N/M;
wherein M, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, N is greater than or equal to M.
15. The precoding apparatus for a BSC according to any one of claims 9-12, wherein the processing module is further configured to:
according to the precoding parameters, forming beams in different directions corresponding to the plurality of antennas in a time division mode;
and transmitting the precoded signals by utilizing the beams in different directions.
16. A backscatter communication BSC terminal, comprising:
a processor, a plurality of antennas, and a plurality of loads;
wherein a plurality of said antennas are connected to said plurality of loads via switches, said processor being adapted to implement the steps of the precoding method for a backscatter communication BSC according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
17. A backscatter communication BSC terminal comprising a processor, a memory and a program or instruction stored on the memory and executable on the processor, which when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the precoding method for a backscatter communication BSC as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
18. A readable storage medium, characterized in that the readable storage medium has stored thereon a program or instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the precoding method for a backscatter communication BSC according to any one of claims 1-8.
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