CN116073146A - Antenna, antenna adjusting method and radar device - Google Patents
Antenna, antenna adjusting method and radar device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116073146A CN116073146A CN202211735017.2A CN202211735017A CN116073146A CN 116073146 A CN116073146 A CN 116073146A CN 202211735017 A CN202211735017 A CN 202211735017A CN 116073146 A CN116073146 A CN 116073146A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
- H01Q21/12—Parallel arrangements of substantially straight elongated conductive units
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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Abstract
The application relates to an antenna, an antenna adjusting method and a radar device, the antenna comprises a plurality of antennas, each antenna comprises a feeder line and a plurality of radiation patches, the plurality of radiation patches in each antenna are staggered on two sides of the feeder line, the feeder line is used for transmitting electromagnetic energy to the radiation patches, the plurality of antennas at least comprise a main antenna and two auxiliary antennas, the two auxiliary antennas are respectively arranged in parallel on two sides of the main antenna, the main antenna transmits the electromagnetic energy to the two auxiliary antennas through electromagnetic coupling, a space is reserved between the tail end of the feeder line of the auxiliary antenna and the radiation patch at the tail end of the auxiliary antenna, an antenna array can be realized without a complex power divider, and the problem that the performance of the radar antenna in a large-angle area in the related technology is low is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of radar antennas, and in particular, to an antenna, an antenna adjustment method, and a radar apparatus.
Background
Currently, millimeter wave radars are increasingly used in the fields of military industry, medical treatment, automatic driving and the like. Along with the perfection of a series of standard formulation in the vehicle millimeter wave radar industry, the millimeter wave radar is rapidly developed in the automatic driving field. The antenna is one of the difficulties in millimeter wave radar design, and the good antenna design can enable the millimeter wave radar to cope with various complex scenes.
In the related art, antennas in millimeter wave radars generally employ microstrip patch antennas, including rectangular patch antennas, microstrip comb antennas, W-shaped patch antennas, and the like. Since the maximum gain of the main beam of the microstrip patch antenna points to the normal direction of the antenna array, the gain of the antenna gradually decreases with increasing angle. In some practical use scenarios, the radar has a strong requirement for detection performance in a wide-angle area of the antenna, and the radar antenna in the prior art cannot meet the requirement.
At present, aiming at the problem of low performance of a radar antenna in a large-angle area in the related art, no effective solution is proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna, an antenna adjusting method and a radar device, which are used for at least solving the problem that the performance of the radar antenna in a large-angle area in the related technology is low.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, including a plurality of antennas, each of the antennas including a feeder line and a plurality of radiation patches, where the plurality of radiation patches in each antenna are connected to the feeder line and are arranged on two sides of the feeder line in a staggered manner, and the feeder line is used for transmitting electromagnetic energy to the plurality of radiation patches; the plurality of antennas at least comprise a main antenna and two auxiliary antennas, the two auxiliary antennas are respectively arranged on two sides of the main antenna in parallel, the main antenna transmits electromagnetic energy to the two auxiliary antennas through electromagnetic coupling, and a space is reserved between the tail end of a feed wire in the auxiliary antenna and the last radiation patch arranged on the tail end of the feed wire.
In some embodiments, the length of the radiating patch is half the wavelength of the operating center frequency point of the main antenna.
In some of these embodiments, the width of the radiating patch is determined based on the suppression requirement of the main antenna side lobe level.
In some embodiments, the width of the radiating patch is 0.15 times the wavelength of the main antenna operating center frequency point.
In some embodiments, the distance between the center position of the main antenna and the center position of the auxiliary antenna is half of the wavelength of the working center frequency point of the main antenna.
In some of these embodiments, the main antenna further comprises a matching terminal for adjusting the impedance of the main antenna's feed line to match the impedance of a port for providing the electromagnetic energy.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an antenna adjustment method applied to the antenna as set forth in any one of the first aspects, the method including:
acquiring initial excitation phases of a plurality of antennas, wherein the initial excitation phases are associated with the tail end lengths of feeder wires of auxiliary antennas of the antennas;
determining the beam width and gain of each antenna according to the initial excitation phase;
and determining a target antenna according to the beam width and the gain, and adjusting the tail end length of the feeder line of the auxiliary antenna in the antenna to be adjusted according to the tail end length of the feeder line of the auxiliary antenna of the target antenna, wherein the combination of the beam width and the gain of the target antenna meets the preset condition.
In some embodiments, the combination of the beam width and the gain of the target antenna meets a preset condition, including:
sequentially arranging the beam width of each antenna, wherein the beam width of the target antenna is positioned at the maximum position of the front N1; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the gain of each antenna is arranged in sequence, and the gain of the target antenna is at the maximum position of the front N2.
In some embodiments, the combination of the beam width and the gain of the target antenna meets a preset condition, including:
the beam width of the target antenna is not lower than a first threshold value; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the gain of the target antenna is not lower than a second threshold.
In some of these embodiments, determining the beam width and gain of each of the antennas based on the initial excitation phase includes:
acquiring the amplitude of a main antenna and the amplitude of a secondary antenna in each antenna;
presetting an array factor of each antenna, and determining the beam width of the antenna according to the array factor of each antenna, the amplitudes of the main antenna and the auxiliary antenna and the initial excitation phase of the auxiliary antenna.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a radar apparatus,
comprising the following steps: a substrate and an antenna according to any one of the first aspects above, the antenna being provided on the substrate.
Compared with the related art, the antenna adjusting method and the radar device provided by the embodiment of the application comprise a plurality of antennas, each antenna comprises a feeder line and a plurality of radiation patches, the plurality of radiation patches in each antenna are arranged on two sides of the feeder line in a staggered mode, the feeder line is used for transmitting electromagnetic energy to the radiation patches, the plurality of antennas at least comprise a main antenna and two auxiliary antennas, the two auxiliary antennas are respectively arranged on two sides of the main antenna in parallel, the main antenna transmits the electromagnetic energy to the two auxiliary antennas through electromagnetic coupling, a space is reserved between the tail end of the feeder line of the auxiliary antenna and the radiation patch at the tail end of the auxiliary antenna, and the problem that the performance of the radar antenna in a large-angle area in the related art is low is solved.
The details of one or more embodiments of the application are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below to provide a more thorough understanding of the other features, objects, and advantages of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a side view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a detailed view of the construction of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is an antenna gain pattern according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the end length of the feeder line and the beam width of different sub-antennas according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a graph of varying feeder end lengths versus-50 gain for different secondary antennas in accordance with embodiments of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden on the person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided herein, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present application, and it is possible for those of ordinary skill in the art to apply the present application to other similar situations according to these drawings without inventive effort. Moreover, it should be appreciated that while such a development effort might be complex and lengthy, it would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, or manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, and thus should not be construed as having the benefit of this disclosure.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is to be expressly and implicitly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments without conflict.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Reference to "a," "an," "the," and similar terms herein do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the singular or plural. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules (elements) is not limited to only those steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The term "plurality" as used herein refers to two or more.
In this embodiment, an antenna is provided, fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of the antenna of this embodiment, and as shown in fig. 1, the antenna includes a plurality of antennas, each antenna includes a feeder line and a plurality of radiation patches, the plurality of radiation patches in each antenna are connected to the feeder line and are arranged at both sides of the feeder line in a staggered manner, and the feeder line is used for transmitting electromagnetic energy to the plurality of radiation patches; the multiple antennas at least comprise a main antenna and two auxiliary antennas, the two auxiliary antennas are respectively arranged on two sides of the main antenna in parallel, the main antenna transmits electromagnetic energy to the two auxiliary antennas through electromagnetic coupling, and a space is reserved between the tail end of a feed wire in each auxiliary antenna and the last radiation patch arranged on the auxiliary antenna.
The main structure of the antenna comprises a main antenna and two auxiliary antennas which are positioned at two sides of the main antenna and are parallel to the main antenna, wherein the main antenna and the auxiliary antennas comprise a feeder line and a plurality of radiation patches, the feeder line is used for transmitting electromagnetic energy to an integral comb-shaped patch array in a penetrating way, the main antenna conducts the energy to each radiation patch through the feeder line, and the feeder line of the auxiliary antenna conducts the electromagnetic energy to each radiation patch through spatial energy coupling with the feeder line of the main antenna. The radiation patches are conductor patches and are distributed on the feed line in a left-right staggered way. Each radiation patch can be regarded as an array element, the array element refers to an independent unit forming an array antenna, the phase of an electric field on a feed line on each adjacent array element is different by half of the wavelength of a working center frequency point of a main antenna, the direction of the electric field of each adjacent array element is opposite, and the upper position and the lower position of two adjacent patches are opposite, so that in-phase excitation is formed in space, and a microstrip comb-shaped antenna is formed.
Fig. 2 is a side view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, where, as shown in fig. 2, an upper layer of the antenna is copper-clad, a middle layer is a dielectric layer for propagating electromagnetic waves, and a lower layer of the antenna is copper-clad, which can reduce ground impedance, improve anti-interference capability, reduce voltage drop, and improve power efficiency.
Through the plurality of antennas comprising the feeder line and the plurality of radiation patches, the plurality of radiation patches in each antenna are staggered on two sides of the feeder line, the feeder line is used for transmitting electromagnetic energy to the radiation patches, the plurality of antennas at least comprise a main antenna and two auxiliary antennas, the two auxiliary antennas are respectively arranged on two sides of the main antenna in parallel, the main antenna transmits the electromagnetic energy to the two auxiliary antennas through electromagnetic coupling, a space is reserved between the feeder line tail end of the auxiliary antenna and the radiation patch at the tail end of the auxiliary antenna, a complex power divider is not needed, an antenna array can be realized only by the comb-shaped main antenna and the auxiliary antennas on two sides, the gain of the antenna in a large-angle area can be improved through adjusting the length of the tail end of the feeder line, the beam width of the antenna is increased, the problem that the performance of the radar antenna in the large-angle area is lower in the related art is solved, and the beneficial effects that the beam width of the antenna is adjustable and the gain of the antenna in the large-angle area is increased are realized.
In some of these embodiments, the radiating patch has a length that is one half the wavelength of the main antenna operating center frequency point.
Fig. 3 is a detailed view of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 3, the patch has a length half of the wavelength of the operating center frequency point of the main antenna, i.e.
Wherein lambda is the wavelength of the main antenna working center frequency point.
In some of these embodiments, the width of the radiating patch is determined based on the suppression requirement of the main antenna side lobe level.
In some of these embodiments, the radiating patch has a width that is 0.15 times the wavelength of the main antenna operating center frequency point.
As shown in fig. 3, the width of the radiation patch can be correspondingly tapered according to the suppression requirement of the side lobe level, and generally is 0.15 times of the wavelength of the frequency point of the working center of the antenna.
In some of these embodiments, the center position of the primary antenna is spaced from the center position of the secondary antenna by one half of the wavelength of the operating center frequency point of the primary antenna.
As shown in fig. 3, a certain distance is reserved between the center position of the main antenna and the center positions of the auxiliary antennas at two sides, the distance is that
In some of these embodiments, the main antenna further comprises a matching terminal for adjusting the impedance of the feed line to match the impedance of the port for providing electromagnetic energy.
The matching end is used for adjusting the impedance of the port so that the impedance of the port is equal to the impedance of the feeder line, the feeder line is matched with the port at the moment, and only the incident wave transmitted to the port load exists on the feeder line, but no reflected wave generated by the port load exists, so that the antenna can be ensured to acquire all signal power, and the energy is utilized to the maximum.
The embodiment also provides an antenna adjustment method applied to the antenna described in the above embodiment, including: acquiring initial excitation phases of a plurality of antennas, wherein the initial excitation phases are associated with the end lengths of feeder wires of sub-antennas of the antennas; determining the beam width and gain of each antenna according to the initial excitation phase; and determining a target antenna according to the beam width and the gain, and adjusting the tail end length of the feeder line of the auxiliary antenna in the antenna to be adjusted according to the tail end length of the feeder line of the auxiliary antenna of the target antenna, wherein the combination of the beam width and the gain of the target antenna meets the preset condition.
Wherein the initial excitation phase of the main antenna is 0, and the initial excitation phases of the two auxiliary antennas are alpha 2 Because the phase on the feed line of the auxiliary antenna is uniformly changed along with the change of the space position, the relative space position of the tail end of the feed line of the auxiliary antenna and the feed line of the main antenna can be changed by changing the length of the tail end of the feed line of the auxiliary antenna, the tail end of the feed line of the auxiliary antenna is the initial phase point of the auxiliary antenna, and different initial excitation phases alpha of the auxiliary antenna can be obtained along with the change of the length 2 . Thus, the antenna is simulated to obtain the initial excitation phase alpha of the auxiliary antenna under different tail end lengths of the feeder wires of the auxiliary antenna (namely different initial excitation phases alpha of the auxiliary antenna 2 Lower) and determining the length of the feeder end of the secondary antenna according to the required beam width and gain. The beam width of an antenna refers to the width of the antenna between two half power points in the maximum radiation direction, the gain of the antenna refers to the ratio of the power densities of signals generated by an actual antenna and an ideal radiation unit at the same point in space under the condition that the input power is equal, and the ratio is used for quantitatively describing the degree of concentrated radiation of the input power by one antenna.
In some embodiments, the combination of the beam width and the gain of the target antenna meets a preset condition, including:
sequentially arranging the beam width of each antenna, wherein the beam width of the target antenna is positioned at the maximum position of the front N1; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the gain of each antenna is sequentially arranged, and the gain of the target antenna is at the maximum position of the front N2.
The different sub-antenna feeder line ends correspond to different beam widths and gains, so that the beam widths and gains of the antennas are ordered in the order from small to large, the maximum beam width and the maximum gain are selected, and the length of the sub-antenna feeder line end corresponding to the maximum beam width and/or the maximum gain is obtained.
In some embodiments, the combination of the beam width and the gain of the target antenna meets a preset condition, including: the beam width of the target antenna is not lower than a first threshold; and/or, the gain of the target antenna is not lower than the second threshold.
Wherein after changing the length of the feeder end of the secondary antenna, the secondary antenna is initially excited with a phase alpha 2 The gain and the beam width of the antenna are changed, and the maximum gain and the maximum beam width of the antenna in a certain angle range can correspond to different tail end lengths of the feeder lines of the auxiliary antenna, so that the antenna structure is simulated to obtain the gain and the beam width of the antenna under different tail end lengths of the feeder lines of the auxiliary antenna. The optimal combination of gain and beam width is selected, and the length of the corresponding sub-antenna feeder end is used as the actual sub-antenna feeder end length of the antenna structure.
In some of these embodiments, determining the beam width and gain of each antenna based on the initial excitation phase includes: acquiring the amplitude of a main antenna and the amplitude of a secondary antenna in each antenna; the array factor of each antenna is preset, and the beam width of the antenna is determined according to the array factor of each antenna, the amplitudes of the main antenna and the auxiliary antenna and the initial excitation phase of the auxiliary antenna.
Wherein the main antenna and the auxiliary antennas at two sides form an array antenna, and the directional diagram function of the array antenna can use array elements
The pattern and the array factor S are characterized as follows:
wherein N is the number of array elements, I n For the nth array element amplitude alpha n For the initial excitation phase of the nth array element, k=2pi/lambda, lambda is the free space wavelength of the working frequency point of the antenna, d n For the central position of the nth array element, θ is the spatial observation pointAngle.
In the antenna structure, each microstrip comb antenna is used as an array element, and the amplitude of the array element of the main antenna can be expressed as I 1 The initial excitation phase is 0, and the central position d of the array element of the auxiliary antenna n For lambda/2, since the distance between the two side auxiliary antennas is the same as the structure, and the energy coupled by the feeder is the same, the amplitude of the two auxiliary antenna elements is the same as the initial excitation phase, and the amplitude of the two auxiliary antenna elements and the initial excitation phase can be expressed as I 2 ，α 2 The array direction matrix factor S of the present antenna can be expressed as:
presetting the size of the array factor, in this embodiment, the array factor S is taken
The beam width ψ of an antenna can be related to the amplitude, initial excitation phase of the individual antennas under operating conditions where the antenna is at 3dB half power, by the expression:
from the above, it can be seen that the primary excitation phase alpha of the secondary antenna is changed on the premise that the primary antenna and the secondary antenna are unchanged in amplitude 2 I.e. the size of the antenna beam width. And due to the initial excitation phase alpha of the auxiliary antenna 2 The size of the antenna is influenced by the length of the end of the auxiliary antenna, and the length of the feeder end of the auxiliary antenna has the wavelength lambda in the medium ε Can be expressed as:
wherein ε is r Is the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer. At half medium wavelength lambda ε In/2, the initial excitation phase will vary from 0 DEG to 180 DEGThe initial excitation phase of the auxiliary antenna can be changed by adjusting the length of the tail end of the feeder line of the auxiliary antenna, so that different beam width changes are realized.
The antenna structure shown in fig. 1 is illustratively simulated, wherein the dielectric constant epsilon of the plate is taken r At 3.02, the working center frequency of the antenna is 76.5GHz, the corresponding wavelength lambda=3.92 mm, and the medium wavelength lambda ε 2=1.13 mm. The length 1 of the tail end of the auxiliary antenna is adjusted to be 1.2mm, the antenna gain direction diagram is shown in fig. 4, and fig. 4 shows the comparison of the beam width of the conventional comb antenna and the conventional comb antenna at different radiation distances, wherein the abscissa is the radiation distance, the unit is m, and the ordinate is the beam width, and the unit is dB.
If the beam width of the azimuth plane is 3dB, the relationship between the end length of the feeder line of the different sub-antennas and the beam width change is observed as shown in fig. 5. Wherein the abscissa is the length of the end of the feed line of the secondary antenna in mm, and the ordinate is the beam width in degrees.
If the gain of-50 DEG is taken as the observation point, the relation between the length of the feeder line end of different auxiliary antennas and the gain of-50 DEG is shown as figure 6, wherein the abscissa is the length of the feeder line end of the auxiliary antenna, the unit is mm, the ordinate is the beam width, the unit is degree, the gain of the antenna at-50 DEG shows periodic variation along with the length of the feeder line end of the auxiliary antenna, the variation period is 1.2mm, and the medium wavelength lambda is calculated before ε And/2 substantially coincide. Compared with the traditional microstrip comb antenna (the main antenna is the same, and two side auxiliary antennas are removed), the 3dB wave beam width of the azimuth plane of the antenna is widened from 64 degrees to 132 degrees, the-50-degree gain is improved from 10.7dB to 13.09dB, and the wave beam width and the gain effect are obviously improved.
The present embodiment also provides a radar apparatus including: a substrate, an antenna as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the antenna being provided on the substrate. The antenna adopted in the embodiment is a microstrip comb antenna, the microstrip comb antenna adopts a printed circuit board as a substrate, one surface of the substrate is attached with a metal thin layer as a grounding plate, the other surface of the substrate is provided with a metal patch with a certain shape by adopting a photoetching method and the like, and microwave transmission and reception are realized by feeding the patch with microstrip lines, coaxial probes and electric coupling resonance. The radar apparatus further comprises a transmitter, a transmitting antenna, a receiver, a receiving antenna, a processor and a display, wherein the transmitter is used for generating a specific suitable waveform, and the waveform is mostly a short pulse waveform so as to be transmitted to the antenna; the transmitting antenna adopts the antenna structure of the embodiment of the application and is used for transmitting electromagnetic energy and radiating the electromagnetic energy into space to generate directional beams so as to judge the direction of a target; the receiving antenna is used for receiving the wave energy; the receiver amplifies the received weak signal to a level at which its presence can be detected; the processor is typically located in the intermediate frequency portion of the receiver and is configured to separate the desired signal from the signal and process the signal; the display is used for displaying the orientation of the signal and the target object. The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna, comprising a plurality of antennas, each of the antennas comprising a feed line and a plurality of radiating patches, wherein the plurality of radiating patches in each antenna are connected with the feed line and are staggered on both sides of the feed line, and the feed line is used for transmitting electromagnetic energy to the plurality of radiating patches; the plurality of antennas at least comprise a main antenna and two auxiliary antennas, the two auxiliary antennas are respectively arranged on two sides of the main antenna in parallel, the main antenna transmits electromagnetic energy to the two auxiliary antennas through electromagnetic coupling, and a space is reserved between the tail end of a feed wire in the auxiliary antenna and the last radiation patch arranged on the tail end of the feed wire.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the length of the radiating patch is half a wavelength of a frequency point of an operation center of the main antenna, and the width of the radiating patch is determined according to a suppression requirement of a side lobe level of the main antenna.
3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the radiating patch has a width of 0.15 times a wavelength of a frequency point of an operation center of the main antenna.
4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the center position of the primary antenna is spaced from the center position of the secondary antenna by a distance that is one half of a wavelength of a center frequency point of operation of the primary antenna.
5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the main antenna further comprises a matching terminal for adjusting an impedance of a feed line of the main antenna to match an impedance of a feed port for providing the electromagnetic energy.
6. An antenna adjustment method applied to the antenna of any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising:
acquiring initial excitation phases of a plurality of antennas, wherein the initial excitation phases are associated with the tail end lengths of feeder wires of auxiliary antennas of the antennas;
determining the beam width and gain of each antenna according to the initial excitation phase;
and determining a target antenna according to the beam width and the gain, and adjusting the tail end length of the feeder line of the auxiliary antenna in the antenna to be adjusted according to the tail end length of the feeder line of the auxiliary antenna of the target antenna, wherein the combination of the beam width and the gain of the target antenna meets the preset condition.
7. The antenna adjustment method according to claim 6, wherein the combination of the beam width and the gain of the target antenna meets a preset condition, comprising:
sequentially arranging the beam width of each antenna, wherein the beam width of the target antenna is positioned at the maximum position of the front N1; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the gain of each antenna is arranged in sequence, and the gain of the target antenna is at the maximum position of the front N2.
8. The antenna adjustment method according to claim 6, wherein the combination of the beam width and the gain of the target antenna meets a preset condition, comprising:
the beam width of the target antenna is not lower than a first threshold value; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the gain of the target antenna is not lower than a second threshold.
9. The method of antenna adjustment according to claim 6, wherein determining the beam width and gain of each of the antennas based on the initial excitation phase comprises:
acquiring the amplitude of a main antenna and the amplitude of a secondary antenna in each antenna;
presetting an array factor of each antenna, and determining the beam width of the antenna according to the array factor of each antenna, the amplitudes of the main antenna and the auxiliary antenna and the initial excitation phase of the auxiliary antenna.
10. A radar apparatus, comprising: a substrate and the antenna of any one of claims 1 to 5, the antenna being disposed on the substrate.
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| CN202211735017.2A CN116073146A (en) | 2022-12-31 | 2022-12-31 | Antenna, antenna adjusting method and radar device |
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| CN202211735017.2A CN116073146A (en) | 2022-12-31 | 2022-12-31 | Antenna, antenna adjusting method and radar device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117060049A (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-11-14 | 南京林业大学 | Design method of comb-shaped microstrip antenna of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117060049A (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-11-14 | 南京林业大学 | Design method of comb-shaped microstrip antenna of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar |
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