CN116068631A - Seismic data matching method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Seismic data matching method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of physical exploration, in particular to a seismic data matching method, a device, a storage medium and electronic equipment, which comprise the following steps: determining a plurality of controllable earthquake focus seismic channels and a plurality of explosive earthquake focus seismic channels with the same quantity according to the construction design of a target area; performing phase rotation on each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel according to a preset angle interval, and performing structural similarity evaluation on the signals of each explosive earthquake focus seismic channel and the signals of the controllable earthquake focus seismic channels corresponding to the signals to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel; averaging to obtain the optimal average phase rotation angle of the target area; and performing phase rotation on all the controllable vibration sources in the target area to obtain matched controllable vibration source data. According to the method, through quantitative phase rotation and similarity evaluation, a more accurate phase rotation angle is obtained, in-phase superposition of a controllable seismic source and an explosive seismic source can be better realized, and the seismic imaging quality is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of physical exploration technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for matching seismic data, a storage medium, and an electronic device.
Background
In areas with dense personnel such as beach, gobi, lake and town, which are limited by surface conditions, alternate construction is usually required by using a controlled source and an explosive source. Due to the difference of the types of the seismic sources, the explosive seismic source records and the controllable seismic source records acquired by the detectors have differences in phase, frequency and energy, so that the two materials cannot be overlapped in phase. In order to solve the problem of data matching between the controllable seismic source and the explosive seismic source, the current common methods can be divided into two main types: the method comprises the steps of carrying out matching operation on the data of the controllable vibration source and the explosive vibration source to obtain a matching operator, and carrying out polarity inversion or phase adjustment on the controllable vibration source.
The common method for obtaining the matching operator is to firstly respectively superimpose the two seismic source repeated section data, and then use the superimposed data to obtain the matching operator, wherein the superimposed data is generally affected by the processing procedures of static correction, speed pickup, deconvolution and the like in pretreatment, so the obtained matching operator is generally not ideal. In addition, when the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data is too low, the obtained matching operator is difficult to meet the processing requirement, and the subsequent seismic imaging is greatly influenced. There are also limitations to methods that utilize controlled source polarity inversion or phase adjustment. The phase difference between the controllable vibration source and the explosive vibration source is not just 180 degrees, so that the polarity inversion is unreasonable, and the determination of the phase adjustment angle in the phase adjustment method lacks quantitative analysis means, so that the method does not obtain better application effect at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the application provides a seismic data matching method, a device, a storage medium and electronic equipment, which solve the technical problem of poor imaging quality caused by inaccurate seismic data matching in the related technology.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method of seismic data matching, the method comprising:
determining a plurality of controllable earthquake focus seismic channels and a plurality of explosive earthquake focus seismic channels with the same quantity according to the construction design of a target area;
carrying out phase rotation on each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel within the range of 0 to 180 degrees according to a preset angle interval to obtain a rotation result of each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel at different phase rotation angles;
respectively evaluating the structural similarity of the signals of the seismic channels of each explosive seismic source and the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources corresponding to the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources with different phase rotation angles to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each seismic channel of the controllable seismic source;
averaging the optimal phase rotation angles of each vibroseis seismic trace to finally obtain the optimal average phase rotation angle of the target area;
and carrying out phase rotation on all the controllable vibration sources in the target area according to the optimal average phase rotation angle to obtain matched controllable vibration source data.
In some embodiments, the determining the vibroseis and explosive source seismic traces from the construction design of the target area includes:
determining repeated or adjacent areas of the controllable vibration source and the explosive vibration source according to the construction design of the work area;
and determining a plurality of controllable source seismic traces and a plurality of explosive source seismic traces of the same number according to the repeated or adjacent areas of the controllable source and the explosive source.
In some embodiments, the preset angular interval is 5 degrees.
In some embodiments, the phase rotation is performed on each vibroseis seismic trace in a range from 0 to 180 degrees according to a preset angle interval to obtain a rotation result of each vibroseis seismic trace at different phase rotation angles, including:
according to the formula s (t) =x (t) e jφ Carrying out phase rotation on each vibroseis seismic trace to obtain a rotation result s (t) of each vibroseis seismic trace at different phase rotation angles;
wherein s (t) is a controllable earthquake focus seismic trace after phase rotation; x (t) a vibroseis seismic trace prior to phase rotation; e is a natural index; j is an imaginary unit; phi is the phase rotation angle.
In some embodiments, the evaluating the structural similarity of the signal of each explosive source seismic trace and the signal of the corresponding controllable source seismic trace with different phase rotation angles to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each controllable source seismic trace includes:
selecting a calculation time window at the first arrival positions of the controllable earthquake focus seismic channel and the explosive earthquake focus seismic channel;
and respectively evaluating the structural similarity of the signals of the seismic channels of each explosive seismic source and the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources corresponding to the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources with different phase rotation angles in the calculation time window to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each controllable seismic source seismic channel.
In some embodiments, the performing structural similarity evaluation on the signal of the seismic trace of each explosive seismic source and the signal of the corresponding vibroseis seismic trace of different phase rotation angles within the calculation time window to obtain an optimal phase rotation angle of each vibroseis seismic trace includes:
according to the energy mean value of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window, obtaining the energy variance of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window;
according to the energy variance of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window, obtaining the correlation coefficient of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window;
according to the correlation coefficient and the energy variance of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window, carrying out signal structure similarity calculation to obtain a similarity result;
and taking the phase rotation angle of the controllable seismic source seismic channel signal with the highest similarity with the explosive seismic source seismic channel signal in the similarity result as the optimal phase rotation angle of the controllable seismic source seismic channel.
In some embodiments, the calculating the similarity of the signal structure according to the correlation coefficient and the energy variance of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signal and the controllable source seismic trace signal in the calculation time window to obtain a similarity result includes:
according to the formula
Calculating to obtain a signal structure similarity MSS;
wherein C is an extremely small positive number with a denominator of 0, x is an explosive source seismic trace signal, y is a controllable source seismic trace signal, thetax is the energy variance of data of the explosive source seismic trace signal in a calculation time window, thetay is the energy variance of data of the controllable source seismic trace signal in the calculation time window, and thetaxy is the correlation coefficient of the explosive source seismic trace signal and the controllable source seismic trace signal in the calculation time window.
In a second aspect, a seismic data matching apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the determining unit is used for determining a plurality of controllable earthquake focus seismic channels and a plurality of explosive earthquake focus seismic channels with the same quantity according to the construction design of the target area;
the phase rotation unit is used for carrying out phase rotation on each controllable earthquake focus seismic trace within the range of 0 to 180 degrees according to the preset angle interval to obtain the rotation result of each controllable earthquake focus seismic trace at different phase rotation angles;
the evaluation unit is used for evaluating the structural similarity of the signals of the seismic channels of each explosive seismic source and the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources corresponding to the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources with different phase rotation angles respectively to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each seismic channel of the controllable seismic source;
the computing unit is used for averaging the optimal phase rotation angle of each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel to finally obtain the optimal average phase rotation angle of the target area;
and the matching unit is used for carrying out phase rotation on all the controllable vibration sources in the target area according to the optimal average phase rotation angle to obtain matched controllable vibration source data.
In a third aspect, a storage medium storing a computer program executable by one or more processors is configured to implement the seismic data matching method as described in the first aspect above.
In a fourth aspect, an electronic device comprises a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by the processor, performs the method of seismic data matching as described in the first aspect.
The application provides a seismic data matching method, a device, a storage medium and electronic equipment, which comprise the following steps: determining a plurality of controllable earthquake focus seismic channels and a plurality of explosive earthquake focus seismic channels with the same quantity according to the construction design of a target area; carrying out phase rotation on each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel within the range of 0 to 180 degrees according to a preset angle interval to obtain a rotation result of each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel at different phase rotation angles; respectively evaluating the structural similarity of the signals of the seismic channels of each explosive seismic source and the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources corresponding to the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources with different phase rotation angles to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each seismic channel of the controllable seismic source; averaging the optimal phase rotation angles of each vibroseis seismic trace to finally obtain the optimal average phase rotation angle of the target area; and carrying out phase rotation on all the controllable vibration sources in the target area according to the optimal average phase rotation angle to obtain matched controllable vibration source data. According to the method, through quantitative phase rotation and similarity evaluation, a more accurate phase rotation angle is obtained, in-phase superposition of a controllable seismic source and an explosive seismic source can be better realized, and the seismic imaging quality is effectively improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a seismic data matching method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a seismic record of an explosive source in a target area according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a seismic record of a vibroseis of the target area according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a vibroseis trace and a corresponding explosive source trace for a partial phase rotation angle provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a statistical graph of the similarity of signal structure and different phase rotation angles of a vibroseis seismic trace within a selected time window provided by embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the effects of overlapping sections before and after matching of vibroseis data according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a seismic data matching apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a connection block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following will describe embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, thereby how to apply technical means to the present application to solve technical problems, and realizing processes achieving corresponding technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly. The embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict, and the formed technical schemes are all within the protection scope of the application.
As known from the background art, the common method for obtaining the matching operator is to firstly superimpose the two kinds of seismic source repeated segment data respectively, and then use the superimposed data to obtain the matching operator, where the superimposed data is generally affected by the static correction, speed pickup, deconvolution and other processing procedures in preprocessing, so that the obtained matching operator is generally not ideal. In addition, when the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data is too low, the obtained matching operator is difficult to meet the processing requirement, and the subsequent seismic imaging is greatly influenced. There are also limitations to methods that utilize controlled source polarity inversion or phase adjustment. The phase difference between the controllable vibration source and the explosive vibration source is not just 180 degrees, so that the polarity inversion is unreasonable, and the determination of the phase adjustment angle in the phase adjustment method lacks quantitative analysis means, so that the method does not obtain better application effect at present.
In view of the above, the present application provides a method, an apparatus, a storage medium, and an electronic device for matching seismic data, which solve the technical problem of poor imaging quality caused by inaccurate seismic data matching in the related art.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a seismic data matching method provided in an embodiment of the present application, where, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s101, determining a plurality of controllable seismic source seismic channels and a plurality of explosive seismic source seismic channels with the same quantity according to the construction design of a target area;
s102, carrying out phase rotation on each controllable source seismic trace within the range of 0 to 180 degrees according to a preset angle interval to obtain a rotation result of each controllable source seismic trace at different phase rotation angles;
s103, respectively evaluating the structural similarity of the signals of the seismic channels of each explosive seismic source and the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources corresponding to the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources with different phase rotation angles to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each seismic channel of the controllable seismic source;
s104, averaging the optimal phase rotation angles of each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel to finally obtain the optimal average phase rotation angle of the target area;
and S105, carrying out phase rotation on all the controllable vibration sources in the target area according to the optimal average phase rotation angle to obtain matched controllable vibration source data.
In some embodiments, the determining the vibroseis and explosive source seismic traces from the construction design of the target area includes:
determining repeated or adjacent areas of the controllable vibration source and the explosive vibration source according to the construction design of the work area;
and determining a plurality of controllable source seismic traces and a plurality of explosive source seismic traces of the same number according to the repeated or adjacent areas of the controllable source and the explosive source.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, a seismic record diagram of an explosive source in a certain target area is shown in fig. 3, and a seismic record diagram of a controllable source in the target area is shown in fig. 2 and 3, it can be seen that there is a significant phase difference between the two records at the first arrival position. Assuming that about 500 controllable seismic sources are excited by counting the excitation points of the local area, so that 10 seismic traces of the controllable seismic sources are selected from the area on average to serve as matching calculation data, and meanwhile, the corresponding 10 seismic traces are also selected from the explosive seismic source data of adjacent or repeated sections; the number of the selected seismic channels can be adjusted according to requirements.
In some embodiments, the preset angular interval is 5 degrees.
The preset angle interval is preferably 5 degrees, but may be adjusted as needed.
In some embodiments, the phase rotation is performed on each vibroseis seismic trace in a range from 0 to 180 degrees according to a preset angle interval to obtain a rotation result of each vibroseis seismic trace at different phase rotation angles, including:
according to the formula s (t) =x (t) e jφ Carrying out phase rotation on each vibroseis seismic trace to obtain a rotation result s (t) of each vibroseis seismic trace at different phase rotation angles;
wherein s (t) is a controllable earthquake focus seismic trace after phase rotation; x (t) a vibroseis seismic trace prior to phase rotation; e is a natural index; j is an imaginary unit; phi is the phase rotation angle.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 4, when the phase angles are different, the form similarity degree of the vibroseis signal and the explosive source signal is different, and the rectangular box in the figure is the selected matching calculation time window.
In some embodiments, the evaluating the structural similarity of the signal of each explosive source seismic trace and the signal of the corresponding controllable source seismic trace with different phase rotation angles to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each controllable source seismic trace includes:
selecting a calculation time window at the first arrival positions of the controllable earthquake focus seismic channel and the explosive earthquake focus seismic channel;
and respectively evaluating the structural similarity of the signals of the seismic channels of each explosive seismic source and the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources corresponding to the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources with different phase rotation angles in the calculation time window to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each controllable seismic source seismic channel.
It should be noted that, by using the first arrival information (i.e. the first arrival position) of the seismic data, the problem that data matching is difficult to be accurately performed due to low signal-to-noise ratio of the data is avoided to the greatest extent.
It should be further noted that, as shown in fig. 5, a statistical graph of the structural similarity between the different phase rotation angles of a certain vibroseis seismic trace in the selected time window and the signal, as shown in fig. 5, is the highest structural similarity between the two seismic trace signals when the phase is rotated by about 130 degrees. Thus, the optimal phase rotation angle for this calculated trace is 130 degrees. And similarly, calculating the signal structure similarity of other selected seismic channels, adding and averaging all obtained optimal phase rotation angles, and finally calculating to obtain the optimal average phase rotation angle of the area, wherein the optimal average phase rotation angle is 135 degrees.
In some embodiments, the performing structural similarity evaluation on the signal of the seismic trace of each explosive seismic source and the signal of the corresponding vibroseis seismic trace of different phase rotation angles within the calculation time window to obtain an optimal phase rotation angle of each vibroseis seismic trace includes:
according to the energy mean value of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window, obtaining the energy variance of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window;
according to the energy variance of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window, obtaining the correlation coefficient of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window;
according to the correlation coefficient and the energy variance of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window, carrying out signal structure similarity calculation to obtain a similarity result;
and taking the phase rotation angle of the controllable seismic source seismic channel signal with the highest similarity with the explosive seismic source seismic channel signal in the similarity result as the optimal phase rotation angle of the controllable seismic source seismic channel.
It should be noted that, the phase rotation of the signal is essentially to filter the signal, and the specific formula is as follows:
s(t)＝x(t)e jφ (1)
wherein: s (t) is the seismic record after phase rotation; x (t) raw seismic records; e is a natural index; j is an imaginary unit; phi is the phase rotation angle.
In the prior art, when the controllable seismic source is subjected to phase adjustment, quality control is usually carried out according to the superimposed section after the phase adjustment, and the optimal phase adjustment angle is optimized, and the method lacks quantitative analysis, so that the subjective consciousness of a person has larger influence on the result, and in order to solve the problem, the invention provides a structural similarity evaluation method which can more accurately determine the possibility of the adjustmentThe optimum phase adjustment angle of the vibroseis. Mu can be defined according to the attribute definition adopted by Chopra et al for the description of the attribute of the seismic texture x Sum mu y For the energy mean value of the data x and y in the corresponding time window, the expressions are respectively:
wherein: x is x k And y k Amplitude values at the kth sample point in the time window of data x and data y respectively; n is the total number of samples in the time window. Defining thetax and thetay as the energy variance of signals in data x and data y in corresponding time windows respectively, wherein the expressions are as follows:
the physical meaning of the above formula is a measure of the amount of local signal variation within a time window. Defining θxy as a correlation coefficient of data x and data y in a corresponding time window, and the expression is:
the similarity of signals can be reflected by analyzing the correlation of the data, so that the signal structure similarity (Mean Structural Similarity, MSS) of the seismic data x and y in the time window can be further defined:
in the formula, C is a small positive number, so as to avoid the situation that the denominator is zero. The MSS can be used for comparing the similarity of the data structures of two data in the same time window, and the parameter for evaluating the similarity also satisfies the value of MSS in the range of 0 and 1, namely MSS=1 when the two data are completely similar, MSS=0 when the two data are completely dissimilar, and the definition of MSS can be satisfied by adjusting the parameter C in general.
In some embodiments, the calculating the similarity of the signal structure according to the correlation coefficient and the energy variance of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signal and the controllable source seismic trace signal in the calculation time window to obtain a similarity result includes:
according to the formula
Calculating to obtain a signal structure similarity MSS;
wherein C is an extremely small positive number with a denominator of 0, x is an explosive source seismic trace signal, y is a controllable source seismic trace signal, thetax is the energy variance of data of the explosive source seismic trace signal in a calculation time window, thetay is the energy variance of data of the controllable source seismic trace signal in the calculation time window, and thetaxy is the correlation coefficient of the explosive source seismic trace signal and the controllable source seismic trace signal in the calculation time window.
Further, to verify the effect of the present invention, data of adjacent segments of the controlled source and the explosive source are superimposed. As shown in FIG. 6, the effect diagram of the overlapping section before and after matching the vibroseis data is shown, and three subgraphs in the diagram are respectively from left to right: the overlapping section before matching, the overlapping section after matching by using the conventional matched filtering method and the overlapping section after matching by using the method of the invention can be seen in the area indicated by the arrow and the rectangular frame in fig. 6, compared with the conventional matched filtering method, the overlapping section after matching by using the method of the invention has better continuity of the same phase axis, realizes the same phase overlapping, and proves the effectiveness of the method of the invention.
In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a seismic data matching method, including: determining a plurality of controllable earthquake focus seismic channels and a plurality of explosive earthquake focus seismic channels with the same quantity according to the construction design of a target area; carrying out phase rotation on each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel within the range of 0 to 180 degrees according to a preset angle interval to obtain a rotation result of each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel at different phase rotation angles; respectively evaluating the structural similarity of the signals of the seismic channels of each explosive seismic source and the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources corresponding to the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources with different phase rotation angles to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each seismic channel of the controllable seismic source; averaging the optimal phase rotation angles of each vibroseis seismic trace to finally obtain the optimal average phase rotation angle of the target area; and carrying out phase rotation on all the controllable vibration sources in the target area according to the optimal average phase rotation angle to obtain matched controllable vibration source data. According to the method, through quantitative phase rotation and similarity evaluation, a more accurate phase rotation angle is obtained, in-phase superposition of a controllable seismic source and an explosive seismic source can be better realized, and the seismic imaging quality is effectively improved.
Example two
Based on the seismic data matching method disclosed in the embodiment of the invention, fig. 7 specifically discloses a seismic data matching device applying the seismic data matching method.
As shown in fig. 7, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a seismic data matching apparatus, which includes:
a determining unit 701, configured to determine a plurality of vibroseis seismic traces and a plurality of explosive vibroseis seismic traces with the same number according to a construction design of the target area;
a phase rotation unit 702, configured to perform phase rotation on each vibroseis seismic trace within a range of 0 to 180 degrees according to a preset angle interval, so as to obtain a rotation result of each vibroseis seismic trace at different phase rotation angles;
an evaluation unit 703, configured to perform structural similarity evaluation on the signal of the seismic trace of each explosive seismic source and the signal of the corresponding vibroseis seismic trace of the vibroseis seismic trace with different phase rotation angles, so as to obtain an optimal phase rotation angle of each vibroseis seismic trace;
a calculating unit 704, configured to average the optimal phase rotation angle of each vibroseis seismic trace, and finally obtain an optimal average phase rotation angle of the target area;
and the matching unit 705 is configured to perform phase rotation on all the vibroseis in the target area according to the optimal average phase rotation angle, so as to obtain matched vibroseis data.
The specific working process of each unit in the seismic data matching apparatus disclosed in the above embodiment of the present invention may refer to the corresponding content in the seismic data matching method disclosed in the above embodiment of the present invention, and will not be described herein.
In summary, an embodiment of the present application provides a seismic data matching apparatus, including: determining a plurality of controllable earthquake focus seismic channels and a plurality of explosive earthquake focus seismic channels with the same quantity according to the construction design of a target area; carrying out phase rotation on each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel within the range of 0 to 180 degrees according to a preset angle interval to obtain a rotation result of each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel at different phase rotation angles; respectively evaluating the structural similarity of the signals of the seismic channels of each explosive seismic source and the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources corresponding to the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources with different phase rotation angles to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each seismic channel of the controllable seismic source; averaging the optimal phase rotation angles of each vibroseis seismic trace to finally obtain the optimal average phase rotation angle of the target area; and carrying out phase rotation on all the controllable vibration sources in the target area according to the optimal average phase rotation angle to obtain matched controllable vibration source data. According to the method, through quantitative phase rotation and similarity evaluation, a more accurate phase rotation angle is obtained, in-phase superposition of a controllable seismic source and an explosive seismic source can be better realized, and the seismic imaging quality is effectively improved.
Example III
The present embodiment also provides a computer readable storage medium, such as a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card memory (e.g., SD or DX memory, etc.), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a server, an App application store, etc., on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, can implement the method steps as in the first embodiment, and the present embodiment will not be repeated here.
Example IV
Fig. 8 is a connection block diagram of an electronic device 800 according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 8, the electronic device 800 may include: a processor 801, memory 802, multimedia components 803, input/output (I/O) interfaces 804, and communication components 805.
Wherein the processor 801 is configured to perform all or part of the steps in the seismic data matching method as in embodiment one. The memory 802 is used to store various types of data, which may include, for example, instructions for any application or method in the electronic device, as well as application-related data.
The processor 801 may be an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), digital signal processing device (Digital Signal Processing Device, DSPD), programmable logic device (Programmable Logic Device, PLD), field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor or other electronic component implementation for performing the seismic data matching method of the first embodiment.
The Memory 802 may be implemented by any type or combination of volatile or nonvolatile Memory devices, such as static random access Memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM for short), electrically erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM for short), erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM for short), programmable Read-Only Memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM for short), read-Only Memory (ROM for short), magnetic Memory, flash Memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.
The multimedia component 803 may include a screen, which may be a touch screen, and an audio component for outputting and/or inputting audio signals. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals. The received audio signal may be further stored in a memory or transmitted through a communication component. The audio assembly further comprises at least one speaker for outputting audio signals.
The I/O interface 804 provides an interface between the processor 801 and other interface modules, which may be a keyboard, mouse, buttons, etc. These buttons may be virtual buttons or physical buttons.
The communication component 805 is used for wired or wireless communication between the electronic device 800 and other devices. Wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi, bluetooth, near field communication (Near Field Communication, NFC for short), 2G, 3G or 4G, or a combination of one or more thereof, the respective communication component 805 may thus comprise: wi-Fi module, bluetooth module, NFC module.
In summary, the present application provides a method, an apparatus, a storage medium, and an electronic device for matching seismic data, where the method includes: determining a plurality of controllable earthquake focus seismic channels and a plurality of explosive earthquake focus seismic channels with the same quantity according to the construction design of a target area; carrying out phase rotation on each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel within the range of 0 to 180 degrees according to a preset angle interval to obtain a rotation result of each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel at different phase rotation angles; respectively evaluating the structural similarity of the signals of the seismic channels of each explosive seismic source and the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources corresponding to the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources with different phase rotation angles to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each seismic channel of the controllable seismic source; averaging the optimal phase rotation angles of each vibroseis seismic trace to finally obtain the optimal average phase rotation angle of the target area; and carrying out phase rotation on all the controllable vibration sources in the target area according to the optimal average phase rotation angle to obtain matched controllable vibration source data. According to the method, through quantitative phase rotation and similarity evaluation, a more accurate phase rotation angle is obtained, in-phase superposition of a controllable seismic source and an explosive seismic source can be better realized, and the seismic imaging quality is effectively improved.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed method may be implemented in other manners. The method embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
Although the embodiments disclosed in the present application are described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art to which this application pertains will be able to make any modifications and variations in form and detail of implementation without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, but the scope of the patent claims of this application shall be subject to the scope of the claims that follow.
Claims (10)
1. A method of seismic data matching, the method comprising:
determining a plurality of controllable earthquake focus seismic channels and a plurality of explosive earthquake focus seismic channels with the same quantity according to the construction design of a target area;
carrying out phase rotation on each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel within the range of 0 to 180 degrees according to a preset angle interval to obtain a rotation result of each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel at different phase rotation angles;
respectively evaluating the structural similarity of the signals of the seismic channels of each explosive seismic source and the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources corresponding to the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources with different phase rotation angles to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each seismic channel of the controllable seismic source;
averaging the optimal phase rotation angles of each vibroseis seismic trace to finally obtain the optimal average phase rotation angle of the target area;
and carrying out phase rotation on all the controllable vibration sources in the target area according to the optimal average phase rotation angle to obtain matched controllable vibration source data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the vibroseis and explosive source traces from the construction design of the target area comprises:
determining repeated or adjacent areas of the controllable vibration source and the explosive vibration source according to the construction design of the work area;
and determining a plurality of controllable source seismic traces and a plurality of explosive source seismic traces of the same number according to the repeated or adjacent areas of the controllable source and the explosive source.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined angular interval is 5 degrees.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the phase rotating each vibroseis trace in the range of 0 to 180 degrees at a predetermined angular interval to obtain a rotation result for each vibroseis trace at a different phase rotation angle, comprising:
according to the formula s (t) =x (t) e jφ Carrying out phase rotation on each vibroseis seismic trace to obtain a rotation result s (t) of each vibroseis seismic trace at different phase rotation angles;
wherein s (t) is a controllable earthquake focus seismic trace after phase rotation; x (t) a vibroseis seismic trace prior to phase rotation; e is a natural index; j is an imaginary unit; phi is the phase rotation angle.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the performing structural similarity evaluation on the signal of each explosive source seismic trace and the signal of the corresponding vibroseis seismic trace with different phase rotation angles respectively to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each vibroseis seismic trace comprises:
selecting a calculation time window at the first arrival positions of the controllable earthquake focus seismic channel and the explosive earthquake focus seismic channel;
and respectively evaluating the structural similarity of the signals of the seismic channels of each explosive seismic source and the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources corresponding to the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources with different phase rotation angles in the calculation time window to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each controllable seismic source seismic channel.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of performing structural similarity evaluation on the signal of each explosive source trace and the signal of the corresponding vibroseis trace with different phase rotation angles within the calculation time window to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each vibroseis trace includes:
according to the energy mean value of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window, obtaining the energy variance of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window;
according to the energy variance of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window, obtaining the correlation coefficient of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window;
according to the correlation coefficient and the energy variance of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signals and the controllable source seismic trace signals in the calculation time window, carrying out signal structure similarity calculation to obtain a similarity result;
and taking the phase rotation angle of the controllable seismic source seismic channel signal with the highest similarity with the explosive seismic source seismic channel signal in the similarity result as the optimal phase rotation angle of the controllable seismic source seismic channel.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the similarity of the signal structure according to the correlation coefficient and the energy variance of the data of the explosive source seismic trace signal and the controllable source seismic trace signal in the calculation time window to obtain a similarity result comprises:
according to the formula
Calculating to obtain a signal structure similarity MSS;
wherein C is an extremely small positive number with a denominator of 0, x is an explosive source seismic trace signal, y is a controllable source seismic trace signal, thetax is the energy variance of data of the explosive source seismic trace signal in a calculation time window, thetay is the energy variance of data of the controllable source seismic trace signal in the calculation time window, and thetaxy is the correlation coefficient of the explosive source seismic trace signal and the controllable source seismic trace signal in the calculation time window.
8. A seismic data matching apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the determining unit is used for determining a plurality of controllable earthquake focus seismic channels and a plurality of explosive earthquake focus seismic channels with the same quantity according to the construction design of the target area;
the phase rotation unit is used for carrying out phase rotation on each controllable earthquake focus seismic trace within the range of 0 to 180 degrees according to the preset angle interval to obtain the rotation result of each controllable earthquake focus seismic trace at different phase rotation angles;
the evaluation unit is used for evaluating the structural similarity of the signals of the seismic channels of each explosive seismic source and the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources corresponding to the signals of the seismic channels of the controllable seismic sources with different phase rotation angles respectively to obtain the optimal phase rotation angle of each seismic channel of the controllable seismic source;
the computing unit is used for averaging the optimal phase rotation angle of each controllable earthquake focus seismic channel to finally obtain the optimal average phase rotation angle of the target area;
and the matching unit is used for carrying out phase rotation on all the controllable vibration sources in the target area according to the optimal average phase rotation angle to obtain matched controllable vibration source data.
9. A storage medium storing a computer program executable by one or more processors for implementing a method of seismic data matching as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory has stored thereon a computer program, the memory and the processor being communicatively coupled to each other, the computer program, when executed by the processor, performing the seismic data matching method of any one of claims 1-7.
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