CN116066846A - Oxygen-enriched combustion system and method - Google Patents

Oxygen-enriched combustion system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116066846A
CN116066846A CN202111278558.2A CN202111278558A CN116066846A CN 116066846 A CN116066846 A CN 116066846A CN 202111278558 A CN202111278558 A CN 202111278558A CN 116066846 A CN116066846 A CN 116066846A
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oxygen
magnetic
enriched
combustion
medium
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孟凡飞
廖昌建
王海波
曾翔宇
刘志禹
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Sinopec Dalian Petrochemical Research Institute Co ltd
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals
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Priority to CN202111278558.2A priority Critical patent/CN116066846A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/007Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/32Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2256/00Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
    • B01D2256/12Oxygen
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic oxygen-enriched combustion system. In the system, an inlet of a combustion-supporting fan is communicated with the atmosphere through a filter, and an outlet of the combustion-supporting fan is connected with a magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable through an inlet of an adsorption channel after passing through an air ionization assembly; the outlet of the adsorption channel of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable is communicated with the atmosphere, the inlet of the desorption channel is communicated with the outlet of the cold end of the heat exchanger, and the outlet of the desorption channel is connected with the inlet of the combustion-supporting air of the gas furnace; the inlet of the cooling channel of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable is connected with the gas phase outlet of the dehydration tank, and the outlet of the cooling channel is connected with the cold end inlet of the heat exchanger; the flue gas outlet of the combustion furnace is connected with the hot end inlet of the heat exchanger, the hot end outlet of the heat exchanger is divided into two paths after passing through the flue gas circulating fan, the first path is connected with the inlet of the dehydration tank, and the second path is discharged out of the system. The invention utilizes the different paramagnetism and diamagnetism of oxygen molecules and nitrogen molecules, and realizes the supply of large-volume oxygen-enriched gas with high efficiency and low cost through the mutual coordination of the magnetic field and the magnetism-gathering medium.

Description

Oxygen-enriched combustion system and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heating furnaces, relates to a heating furnace energy-saving emission-reduction carbon-reduction technology and a heating furnace energy-saving emission-reduction carbon-reduction method, and in particular relates to a heating furnace energy-saving emission-reduction carbon-reduction system and a heating furnace energy-reduction carbon-reduction method by utilizing a magnetic oxygen-enriched combustion mode.
Background
Under the large background of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, domestic carbon emission reduction policies become stricter, and enterprises are imperative to further gradually implement carbon trapping measures on the basis of energy conservation and emission reduction. At present, the carbon emission reduction and trapping technology in China is mature, and the carbon trapping technology is mainly used in industries such as coal chemical industry, thermal power industry, steel manufacturing, natural gas processing, cement production, methanol, synthetic ammonia, hydrogen production, oil refining and the like. The economic cost is an important factor for restricting the development of Chinese CCUS, and the trapping is the link with the highest energy consumption and cost in the links of CCUS trapping, conveying, utilizing and sealing. Compared with the emission quantity and emission reduction requirement of China, the emission reduction contribution of the current CCUS is difficult to meet the urgent requirement of China low-carbon development.
The oxygen-enriched combustion is a high-efficiency energy-saving combustion technology, and is to burn by using oxygen-enriched gas with higher oxygen concentration than air, compared with the common air combustion, the oxygen-enriched combustion technology can effectively improve flame temperature, improve heat utilization rate and reduce smoke exhaust loss, and along with the continuous development of the oxygen-enriched preparation technology, the oxygen-enriched combustion technology is more and more widely applied and gradually popularized to a pulverized coal furnace, a circulating fluidized bed and an industrial heating furnace.
In the oxygen-enriched combustion process, the combustion technology of smoke circulation is assisted, so that high-concentration CO-enriched gas can be obtained 2 The flue gas realizes carbon enrichment, thereby reducing the scale, investment and operation cost of the carbon capture device after combustion and realizing CO at a lower cost 2 Recovery or recycling is considered one of the most likely to be widely generalized and commercialized CCUS technologies.
The oxygen-enriched cost is the key to influence the overall investment and operation cost of the oxygen-enriched combustion technology, and the current oxygen-enriched technology mainly comprises deep coolingSeparation, pressure swing adsorption, membrane separation, magnetic oxygen enrichment and the like. The cryogenic separation is rectification separation by utilizing the boiling point difference of each component after liquefaction, has mature process and high oxygen purity, but larger energy consumption, and is mainly used for capturing CO by pure oxygen combustion of large enterprises 2 . Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) is a method for separating gas by utilizing the adsorption and desorption capability of an adsorbent to specific gas, is generally used for medium and small scale gas separation, generally requires two or more tanks to switch for adsorption regeneration operation, has the problems of high frequency action leakage and failure high of a switching valve, and has high regeneration energy consumption. The membrane separation technology is to utilize a membrane material with special selective separation property to separate nitrogen and oxygen in air under the action of certain pressure, and is suitable for preparing oxygen with low purity in medium and small scale, and the key of the membrane separation technology is to manufacture the membrane material with high flux, high selectivity, long service life and easy cleaning. However, in practical application, dust, impurities and the like cause the problem of blocking of membrane holes of the oxygen-enriched membrane, so that the service life of the membrane is shortened. The magnetic method oxygen enrichment is to utilize different paramagnetic properties and diamagnetism of oxygen molecules and nitrogen molecules, so that when two gas molecules pass through a high magnetic field, different directions deflect to obtain oxygen enriched and nitrogen enriched gas, and the magnetic method oxygen enrichment device has the advantages of low energy consumption and low cost, but the existing magnetic method oxygen enrichment device has the common problems of low efficiency, low oxygen enriched concentration, small oxygen enriched amount, difficulty in separating oxygen from the enriched magnetic field and the like.
The emission control of the nitrogen oxide under the condition of oxygen-enriched combustion is another key limiting the technology, because with the increase of the volume fraction of oxygen-enriched gas, the flame temperature is increased, more thermal nitrogen oxides are generated, and the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas is increased, which also limits the popularization and application of the oxygen-enriched combustion to a certain extent, so that in the oxygen-enriched combustion process, the adoption of a proper low-nitrogen emission reduction technology is very key.
CN104271217a discloses an oxygen separator and a method of producing oxygen, which uses an oxygen separation adsorbent to perform an oxygen separation process by continuous operation over a plurality of cycles, and this technique requires switching operation of a plurality of sets of oxygen separators to perform continuous oxygen supply, and can provide only a small amount of oxygen supply. Patent CN101450792a discloses a method for producing oxygen and nitrogen by air separation, the whole process is carried out on a platform formed by a mixed conductor oxygen-permeable ceramic membrane separator and a pressure swing adsorption separator with complex metal oxide as oxygen adsorbent, most oxygen in the air is adsorbed by the mixed conductor oxygen-permeable ceramic membrane, the rest air is oxygen-deficient air, the pressure swing adsorption separator with complex metal oxide as adsorbent adsorbs oxygen in the oxygen-deficient air, then vacuum desorption is carried out to obtain oxygen, and separation of nitrogen and oxygen in the air is realized by two steps of permeation and pressure swing adsorption. Patent CN101857200A discloses a novel combined magnetic force oxygen-enriching device by utilizing a magnetic separation technology, wherein the oxygen-enriching device adopts three-stage serial oxygen enrichment to gradually improve the oxygen purity, but the problem that oxygen is difficult to separate from a magnetic field in the actual operation process exists.
The patent CN103343965A discloses a heating furnace system utilizing oxygen-enriched combustion, and relates to a heating furnace system in which air and oxygen are premixed and then fed into a burner for combustion, and the oxygen-enriched combustion technology is adopted, so that the effective utilization of low-heat-value gas can be realized, the heating furnace system is more efficient, energy-saving and environment-friendly, but the application can be realized only after the original heating system burner is changed into an oxygen-enriched burner, and the investment cost is higher.
Patent CN106545846a discloses a low NOx flue gas circulation oxygen-enriched combustion device and method for a heating furnace, the device comprises a main flue and a flue gas circulation branch flue, part of flue gas discharged from the heating furnace is circulated, and meanwhile, mixed gas with oxygen content of 21% -30% is mixed and formed, and the mixed gas is sent into a burner to be used as combustion-supporting gas, so that NOx generation in the flue gas is greatly reduced, but the technology needs to be matched with stable oxygen source supply, and oxygen-enriched cost is not considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a magnetic oxygen-enriched combustion system and a magnetic oxygen-enriched combustion method, which can efficiently and low-cost provide a large amount of oxygen-enriched gas for oxygen-enriched combustion, reduce and control nitrogen oxide emission from the source, improve the thermal efficiency of a heating furnace, reduce the emission of flue gas and reduce the emission of flue gasRecovering the waste heat of the flue gas and simultaneously enriching CO in the flue gas 2 Concentration of subsequent CO 2 Provides convenience for the collection and recovery of the waste water.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides an oxycombustion system.
The oxygen-enriched combustion system comprises an air filter, a combustion-supporting fan, an air ionization component, a heat exchanger, a combustion furnace, a smoke circulating fan, a dehydration tank, a magnetic field component, a magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable, a matched adsorption channel, a cooling channel and a desorption channel; wherein,,
the inlet of the combustion-supporting fan is communicated with the atmosphere through a filter; the outlet of the combustion-supporting fan is connected with the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable through the inlet of the adsorption channel after passing through the air ionization component; the outlet of the adsorption channel of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable is communicated with the atmosphere;
the inlet of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable desorption channel is communicated with the cold end outlet of the heat exchanger, and the outlet of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable desorption channel is connected with the combustion air inlet of the gas furnace;
the inlet of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable cooling channel is connected with the gas phase outlet of the dehydration tank, and the outlet of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable cooling channel is connected with the cold end inlet of the heat exchanger;
the flue gas outlet of the combustion furnace is connected with the hot end inlet of the heat exchanger, the hot end outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the flue gas circulating fan and then is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the inlet of the dehydration tank, and the second path is discharged out of the system.
Further, the dehydration tank is a cooling dehydration water-liquid separation tank, and a refrigerant heat-taking facility is arranged in the dehydration tank.
Further, the heat exchanger is a gas-gas heat exchanger, and the form of the heat exchanger is not limited.
Further, the air ionizing assembly is a plasma generator, preferably a non-equilibrium plasma generator.
Further, the magnetic oxygen-enriched rotary table consists of an outer shell, an oxygen-enriched material rotary wheel, a baffle plate and a driving motor. The oxygen-enriched material rotating wheel is a rotating wheel filled with a magnetic gathering medium; the inside of the outer shell is divided into an adsorption area, a desorption area and a cooling area through a partition plate, and the adsorption area, the desorption area and the cooling area are correspondingly communicated with an adsorption channel, a cooling channel and a desorption channel on the outer shell respectively. The adsorption area accounts for 1/2-3/4 of the whole oxygen-enriched material rotating wheel, the desorption area accounts for 1/4-1/8 of the whole oxygen-enriched material rotating wheel, and the cooling area accounts for 1/4-1/8 of the whole oxygen-enriched material rotating wheel. The oxygen-enriched material rotating wheel is driven by the driving motor to rotate, and the rotating speed is adjustable according to requirements. The rotation speed is generally adjusted in a range of 0.5 to 20 rpm, preferably 2 to 8 rpm.
Further, magnetic field components are arranged on two sides of the adsorption area of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable, the magnetic field components are formed by a plurality of groups of magnets, and the magnets can be permanent magnets, electromagnets or superconducting magnets.
Further, the magnetism-gathering medium in the oxygen-enriched material rotating wheel is a substance capable of changing a uniform magnetic field into a high-gradient non-uniform magnetic field, and can be one or a combination of a ball medium, a toothed plate medium, a net medium, a rod medium and a steel wool medium, and the material is one or a plurality of pure iron, low carbon steel, ferrite magnetic-conducting stainless steel, iron-cobalt-neodymium-boron alloy and the like.
Further, the burner may be a solid fuel, liquid fuel or gas fuel burner having a fuel supply port, a combustion air supply port and a flue gas exhaust line.
The second aspect of the invention also provides a method of oxyfuel combustion wherein the magnetic oxyfuel combustion system described above is employed.
An oxyfuel combustion method comprising the steps of:
(1) The air is ionized by an air ionization component after being boosted by a combustion-supporting fan, the air is ionized to form an unbalanced plasma state, then enters an adsorption zone of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable through an adsorption channel, oxygen in the air is adsorbed and enriched by a magnetic medium under the action of a magnetic field formed by magnetic field components at two sides of the adsorption zone, and the rest air is oxygen-deficient (nitrogen-enriched) gas which is discharged outside through an outlet of the adsorption channel;
(2) After the magnetic gathering medium in the adsorption area adsorbs and enriches oxygen-enriched gas, the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable is driven to rotate by a driving motor, the magnetic gathering medium is transferred to a desorption area, in the desorption area, the magnetic gathering medium loses magnetic force and releases paramagnetic gas oxygen due to the loss of an external magnetic field, meanwhile, high-temperature flue gas from a heat exchanger enters the desorption area through a desorption channel to be heated, so that the release of oxygen is further promoted, and the oxygen and the flue gas enter a combustion furnace to be combusted together as combustion-supporting air;
(3) After combustion-supporting air and fuel are combusted in a combustion furnace, generated high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat to recover heat, and the heat is pressurized by a flue gas circulating fan and is divided into two paths: the first path enters a dehydration tank for cooling and dehydrating treatment, and the second path is discharged out of the system.
(4) And (3) continuously rotating the regenerated magnetic aggregation medium releasing oxygen to a cooling area, and simultaneously, enabling the low-temperature flue gas treated by the dewatering tank in the step (3) to enter a cooling channel of a magnetic oxygen enrichment turntable, cooling the regenerated high-temperature magnetic aggregation medium, continuously rotating the cooled magnetic aggregation medium to an adsorption area, and continuously adsorbing the oxygen aggregation under the action of a magnetic field to complete the whole adsorption-desorption magnetic oxygen enrichment circulation process.
Further, an air filter is arranged in front of the combustion-supporting fan in the step (1) to filter impurities in the air.
Further, the high-temperature flue gas in the step (2) is rich in CO 2 Is CO in the flue gas 2 Is higher than 15% by volume.
Further, the regenerated mixed combustion-supporting air in the step (2) is oxygen-enriched air, and O in the combustion-supporting air 2 The volume concentration is more than or equal to 21 percent.
Further, the temperature of the dehydration tank in the step (3) is 10-60 ℃, preferably 25-40 ℃.
Further, the flue gas in the step (3) is divided into two paths after being subjected to supercharging treatment by a circulating fan, wherein the first path accounts for 10% -50% of the total amount of the flue gas, and the second path accounts for 50% -90% of the total amount of the flue gas.
Further, the gas of the second off-line exhaust system in the step (3) is rich in CO 2 Can further carry out carbon capturing or recycling treatment.
Further, the sizes of the adsorption zone, the desorption zone, the cooling zone and the rotating speed of the rotating wheel can be designed and adjusted according to the oxygen enrichment target.
Further, the oxygen-enriched combustion method of the invention is suitable for oxygen-enriched combustion processes of various types of combustion furnaces of solid fuel, liquid fuel and gas fuel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable used in the invention is characterized in that a turntable is internally filled with a magnetism-gathering medium, and magnetic field components are arranged at two sides of an adsorption area in the turntable. The magnetic-collecting medium is adopted to replace the adsorption material in the prior art, and a high-gradient non-uniform magnetic field can be formed under the action of an external magnetic field. The magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable utilizes different paramagnetism and diamagnetism of oxygen molecules and nitrogen molecules, realizes the supply of large-volume oxygen-enriched gas with high efficiency and low cost by the mutual cooperation of a magnetic field and a magnetism-gathering medium, solves the problems that the oxygen-enriched efficiency of the existing magnetic method is lower, oxygen is difficult to separate from an enriched magnetic field, and the like, and ensures that the whole oxygen-enriched air supply process is continuous and stable.
2. The oxygen-enriched combustion system of the invention utilizes high-temperature dehydrated flue gas to heat the magnetic gathering medium to further strengthen oxygen desorption, and utilizes the magnetic gathering medium to directly realize CO enrichment 2 Flue gas and rich O 2 Mixing the gases, proportioning the mixture into combustion-supporting air with required oxygen concentration, and then burning the combustion-supporting air with fuel, so that the oxygen-enriched combustion of the furnace can be realized without changing an original combustion system.
3. The magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable is adopted to separate nitrogen from oxygen in air, and the nitrogen separation reduces the combustion-supporting air quantity, so that the smoke generation amount is reduced, the smoke exhaust heat loss is reduced, the heating furnace heat efficiency is improved, the generation of raw material nitrogen oxides is reduced, the nitrogen oxide emission is reduced and controlled from the source, and the nitrogen oxide is matched with rich CO 2 The flue gas is recycled and regenerated, mixed with oxygen-enriched gas and is equivalent to CO 2 Substituted N 2 As a dilution gas, the CO in the flue gas is greatly improved 2 Greatly reduces the carbon capture cost, is the following CO 2 Provides convenience for the collection and recovery of the waste water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an oxycombustion system according to the present invention.
In the figure, a 1-air pipeline, a 2-filter, a 3-combustion fan, a 4-heat exchanger, a 5-combustion furnace, a 6-smoke circulating fan, a 7-magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable, an 8-adsorption channel, a 9-cooling channel, a 10-desorption channel, a 11-circulating fan first path outlet, a 12-circulating fan second path outlet, a 13-fuel supply, a 14-combustion furnace smoke outlet, a 15-combustion air inlet, a 16-dehydration tank, a 17-driving motor, a 18-partition plate, a 19-combustor, a 20-carbon capture recovery device, a 21-air ionization component, a 22-magnetic field component, an A-adsorption zone, a B-desorption zone and a C-cooling zone.
Detailed Description
The following describes an oxycombustion system and method of the present invention in detail, but is not intended to limit the invention thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an oxygen-enriched combustion system, which comprises an air filter 2, a combustion-supporting fan 3, a heat exchanger 4, a combustion furnace 5, a flue gas circulating fan 6, a dehydration tank 16, a magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7, a matched adsorption channel 8, a cooling channel 9, a desorption channel 10, an air ionization component 21 and a magnetic field component 22. The inlet of the combustion-supporting fan 3 is communicated with the atmosphere through a filter 2; the outlet of the combustion-supporting fan 3 is connected with the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7 through the inlet of the adsorption channel 8 after passing through the air ionization assembly 21; the outlet of the adsorption channel 8 of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7 is communicated with the atmosphere; the inlet of a desorption channel 10 of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7 is connected with the outlet of the cold end of the heat exchanger 4, and the outlet of the desorption channel 10 of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7 is connected with a combustion-supporting air inlet 15 of the gas furnace; the inlet of the cooling channel 9 of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7 is connected with the outlet of the dehydration tank 16, and the outlet of the cooling channel 9 of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7 is connected with the cold end inlet of the heat exchanger 4; the flue gas outlet 14 of the combustion furnace is connected with the hot end inlet of the heat exchanger 4, the hot end outlet of the heat exchanger 4 is divided into two paths after passing through the flue gas circulating fan 6, the first path 11 is connected with the inlet of the dehydration tank, and the second path 12 is discharged out of the system.
In the oxygen-enriched combustion system, the magnetic oxygen-enriched rotary table 7 consists of an oxygen-enriched material rotary table 7, a baffle plate 18 and a driving motor 17. The oxygen-enriched material turntable 7 is a rotating wheel filled with a magnetic collecting medium; the internal space of the magnetic oxygen-enriched rotary table 7 is divided into an adsorption area A, a desorption area B and a cooling area C by a partition plate 17. The adsorption zone A, the desorption zone B and the cooling zone C are respectively correspondingly connected with the adsorption channel 8, the cooling channel 9 and the desorption channel 10. The oxygen-enriched material turntable 7 is driven to rotate by a driving motor 17, and the rotating speed is adjustable according to requirements. Magnetic field components 22 are arranged on two sides of the adsorption area A of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7.
With reference to fig. 1, the working process of the magnetic oxygen-enriched combustion system and method provided by the invention is as follows: the air is pressurized by the combustion-supporting fan 3 and then is ionized by the air ionization component 21 to form an unbalanced plasma state, then enters the adsorption zone A of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7 through the adsorption channel 8, oxygen in the air is adsorbed and enriched by the magnetic-gathering medium under the action of the magnetic field formed by the magnetic field components 22 at the two sides of the adsorption zone A, and the rest air is oxygen-deficient (nitrogen-enriched) gas which is discharged through the outlet of the adsorption channel 8; after the magnetic concentration medium in the adsorption area A adsorbs and enriches oxygen-enriched gas, the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 17, and the magnetic concentration medium is transferred to the desorption area B, and in the area, the magnetic concentration medium loses magnetic force and releases paramagnetic gas oxygen due to the loss of an external magnetic field; at the same time, high Wen Fuhan CO from heat exchanger 4 2 The flue gas of (2) enters the desorption zone (B) through the desorption channel (10) to be heated, so that the release of oxygen is further promoted, and the flue gas are taken as combustion-supporting air to enter the combustion furnace to be combusted (15). After combustion-supporting air and fuel are combusted in a combustion furnace, generated high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat to recover heat, and the heat is pressurized by a flue gas circulating fan 6 and is divided into two paths: the first path 11 enters a dehydration tank 16 for cooling, cooling and dehydration treatment, and the gas exhausted from the system outside the second path 12 is rich in CO 2 The flue gas of (2) can be further subjected to carbon capture or recovery treatment; the regenerated magnetic focusing medium releasing oxygen continues to rotate to a cooling area C, and at the same time, the low-temperature flue gas treated by the dehydration tank 16 enters a cooling channel 9 of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7, the regenerated high-temperature magnetic focusing medium is cooled, the cooled magnetic focusing medium continues to rotate to an adsorption area A, and the oxygen is continuously adsorbed and collected under the action of a magnetic field, so that the whole adsorption-desorption magnetic oxygen-enriched circulation process is completed.
Example 1
A magnetic oxygen-enriched combustion system shown in FIG. 1 is adopted to burn a fuel gas heating furnace of a certain refinery, fuel gas is natural gas, an adsorption rotary disk adsorption zone A in the system accounts for 1/2 of an integral oxygen-enriched material rotary wheel, a desorption zone B accounts for 1/4 of the integral oxygen-enriched material rotary wheel, a cooling zone C accounts for 1/4 of the integral oxygen-enriched material rotary wheel, a ferrochrome steel wool medium with the thickness of 100 mu m is selected as a magnetism-enriched medium in the oxygen-enriched material rotary wheel, electromagnets are adopted as external magnetic fields at two sides of the adsorption zone A of the magnetism-enriched rotary disk, the magnetic field strength is more than 3T, and the magnetic field gradient is more than 2000T/m.
After being treated by an air ionization component through a combustion-supporting fan 3, air enters an adsorption zone A of a magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7 through an adsorption channel 8, oxygen in the air is adsorbed and enriched by a magnetic medium under the action of a magnetic field formed by magnetic field components 22 at two sides of the adsorption zone A, and the rest air is oxygen-deficient gas and is discharged outside through an outlet of the adsorption channel 8; after the magnetic concentration medium in the adsorption area A adsorbs and enriches the oxygen-enriched gas, the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 17 to transfer the magnetic concentration medium to the desorption area B, and in the desorption area, the magnetic concentration medium loses magnetic force and releases paramagnetic gas oxygen due to the loss of an external magnetic field, and meanwhile, the magnetic concentration medium is high in Wen Fuhan CO from the heat exchanger 4 2 Flue gas (CO) 2 About 20% by volume) enters the desorption zone B through the desorption channel 10 to be heated, so as to further promote the release of oxygen, and enters the combustion furnace to burn 15 together with flue gas as combustion-supporting air, wherein the volume fractions of the components of the combustion-supporting air at the moment are as follows: o (O) 2 About 22%, N 2 About 68% CO 2 About 8%, the remainder being water. After combustion-supporting air and fuel are combusted in a combustion furnace, generated high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat to recover heat, and the heat is pressurized by a flue gas circulating fan 6 and is divided into two paths: the first path accounts for 40 percent of the total volume of the flue gas and enters the dehydration tank 16 for cooling, temperature reduction and dehydration treatment, the second path is a residual flue gas external discharge system, and CO in the external discharge gas 2 The volume concentration is about 20%, and carbon trapping or recycling treatment can be further carried out; the regenerated magnetic focusing medium releasing oxygen continues to rotate to a cooling area C, meanwhile, the low-temperature flue gas treated by the dehydration tank 16 enters a cooling channel 9 of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable 7, the regenerated high-temperature magnetic focusing medium is cooled, the cooled magnetic focusing medium continues to rotate to an adsorption area A, oxygen is continuously adsorbed and collected under the action of a magnetic field, the whole adsorption-desorption magnetic oxygen-enriched circulation process is completed, and the rotating speed of the oxygen-enriched turntable is maintained to be 3 revolutions per hour.
The above process adopts the optimization of the magnetic oxygen enrichment and smoke circulation regeneration process, reduces the smoke generation amount, reduces the heat loss of discharged smoke and improves the heat efficiency of the heating furnace under the condition of not reforming the burner of the original heating furnace, can effectively control the emission of nitrogen oxides, reduces the discharge amount of the smoke by 43 percent compared with the air combustion-supporting process, and ensures that the CO in the smoke 2 The concentration is increased from about 10% to 20%, which is equivalent to the reduction of the scale of the subsequent carbon capture equipment by more than 40%, greatly reduces the carbon capture cost and is the subsequent CO 2 Provides convenience for the collection and recovery of the waste water.

Claims (16)

1. An oxygen-enriched combustion system comprises an air filter, a combustion-supporting fan, an air ionization component, a heat exchanger, a combustion furnace, a smoke circulating fan, a dehydration tank, a magnetic field component, a magnetic oxygen-enriched rotary table, a matched adsorption channel, a cooling channel and a desorption channel; wherein,,
the inlet of the combustion-supporting fan is communicated with the atmosphere through a filter; the outlet of the combustion-supporting fan is connected with the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable through the inlet of the adsorption channel after passing through the air ionization component;
the outlet of the adsorption channel of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable is communicated with the atmosphere;
the inlet of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable desorption channel is communicated with the cold end outlet of the heat exchanger, and the outlet of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable desorption channel is connected with the combustion air inlet of the combustion furnace;
the inlet of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable cooling channel is connected with the gas outlet of the dehydration tank, and the outlet of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable cooling channel is connected with the cold end inlet of the heat exchanger;
the flue gas outlet of the combustion furnace is connected with the hot end inlet of the heat exchanger, the hot end outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the flue gas circulating fan and then is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the inlet of the dehydration tank, and the second path is discharged out of the system;
the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable consists of an outer shell, an oxygen-enriched material rotating wheel, a partition plate and a driving motor; the oxygen-enriched material rotating wheel is filled with a magnetic gathering medium; the inside of the oxygen-enriched material rotating wheel is divided into an adsorption area, a desorption area and a cooling area by a partition plate, and is correspondingly communicated with an adsorption channel, a cooling channel and a desorption channel on the outer shell respectively;
magnetic field components are arranged on two sides of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable adsorption area.
2. The oxycombustion system of claim 1, wherein the dehydration tank is a cooling dehydration gas-liquid separation tank, and a refrigerant heat-taking facility is disposed inside the dehydration tank.
3. The oxycombustion system of claim 1, characterized in that the air ionization component is a plasma generator, preferably a non-equilibrium plasma generator.
4. The oxyfuel combustion system according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption zone is 1/2-3/4 of the magnetic medium collected by the whole oxygen-enriched material rotating wheel, the desorption zone is 1/4-1/8 of the magnetic medium collected by the whole oxygen-enriched material rotating wheel, and the cooling zone is 1/4-1/8 of the magnetic medium collected by the whole oxygen-enriched material rotating wheel.
5. The oxyfuel combustion system of claim 1, wherein the oxygen-enriched material runner is driven to rotate by a driving motor, and the rotating speed is adjustable according to requirements.
6. The oxycombustion system of claim 1, wherein the magnetic field assembly is comprised of a plurality of sets of magnets, the magnets being permanent magnets, electromagnets, or superconducting magnets.
7. The oxycombustion system of claim 1, wherein the magnetic focusing medium is configured to adsorb materials having a high gradient of non-uniform magnetic field from a uniform magnetic field within the region.
8. The oxycombustion system of claim 1, wherein the magnetically focused medium is one or a combination of more of a sphere medium, a toothed plate medium, a mesh medium, a rod medium, and a steel wool medium; the magnetic-gathering medium is one or more of pure iron, low-carbon steel, ferrite magnetic-conducting stainless steel, iron-cobalt-neodymium-boron alloy and the like.
9. A method of oxyfuel combustion, wherein the magnetic oxyfuel combustion system of any of claims 1-9 is employed.
10. The oxycombustion process of claim 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) The air is ionized by an air ionization component after being boosted by a combustion-supporting fan, the air is ionized to form an unbalanced plasma state, then enters an adsorption zone of the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable through an adsorption channel, oxygen in the air is adsorbed and enriched by a magnetic-gathering medium under the action of a magnetic field formed by magnetic field components at two sides of the adsorption zone, and the rest air is oxygen-deficient gas and is discharged outside through an outlet of the adsorption channel;
(2) After the magnetic gathering medium in the adsorption zone adsorbs and enriches oxygen-enriched gas, the magnetic oxygen-enriched turntable is driven to rotate by a driving motor to transfer the magnetic gathering medium to a desorption zone, the magnetic gathering medium loses magnetic force and releases paramagnetic gas oxygen, and meanwhile, high-temperature flue gas from a heat exchanger enters the desorption zone through a desorption channel to be heated, so that oxygen release is further promoted, and the flue gas are taken as combustion-supporting air to enter a combustion furnace to be combusted;
(3) After combustion-supporting air and fuel are combusted in a combustion furnace, generated high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat to recover heat, and the heat is pressurized by a flue gas circulating fan and is divided into two paths: the first path enters a dehydration tank for cooling, cooling and dehydration treatment, and the second path is discharged out of the system;
(4) And (3) continuously rotating the magnetic aggregation medium after oxygen release to a cooling area, and simultaneously, enabling the low-temperature flue gas treated by the dehydration tank in the step (3) to enter a cooling channel of a magnetic oxygen enrichment turntable, cooling the regenerated high-temperature magnetic aggregation medium, continuously rotating the cooled magnetic aggregation medium to an adsorption area, and continuously adsorbing and gathering oxygen under the action of a magnetic field to complete the whole adsorption-desorption magnetic oxygen enrichment circulation process.
11. The oxycombustion process of claim 10, wherein an air filter is disposed before the combustion fan in step (1) for filtering impurities in the air.
12. The oxycombustion process of claim 10, wherein the high temperature flue gas of step (2) is CO-rich 2 Is CO in the flue gas 2 Is higher than 15% by volume.
13. The oxycombustion process of claim 10, characterized in that the combustion air of step (2) contains O 2 The volume concentration is more than or equal to 21 percent.
14. The oxycombustion process according to claim 10, characterized in that the temperature of the dehydration tank in step (3) is 10-60 ℃, preferably 25-40 ℃.
15. The oxyfuel combustion method according to claim 10, wherein in the step (3), the first flue gas accounts for 10% -50% of the total amount of the flue gas, and the second flue gas accounts for 50% -90% of the total amount of the flue gas.
16. The oxycombustion process of claim 10 wherein the gas in the second off-gas system in step (3) is further subjected to carbon capture or recovery.
CN202111278558.2A 2021-10-30 2021-10-30 Oxygen-enriched combustion system and method Pending CN116066846A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117404921A (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-01-16 吐鲁番天山水泥有限责任公司 Combustion-supporting device for cement clinker calcination and use method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117404921A (en) * 2023-10-16 2024-01-16 吐鲁番天山水泥有限责任公司 Combustion-supporting device for cement clinker calcination and use method thereof

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