CN116066197A - Spring finger type engine in-cylinder braking mechanism and method - Google Patents
Spring finger type engine in-cylinder braking mechanism and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116066197A CN116066197A CN202310300721.3A CN202310300721A CN116066197A CN 116066197 A CN116066197 A CN 116066197A CN 202310300721 A CN202310300721 A CN 202310300721A CN 116066197 A CN116066197 A CN 116066197A
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- cam
- rocker arm
- piston
- braking
- engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/04—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation using engine as brake
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention discloses an in-cylinder braking mechanism and method of a spring finger type engine, which belong to the technical field of in-cylinder braking of the engine and comprise a rocker arm capable of swinging around a rocker arm shaft, wherein a piston cavity is arranged in the rocker arm, a piston capable of sliding in the piston cavity is arranged in the piston cavity, a braking oil way is arranged on the rocker arm shaft, the braking oil way is always communicated with the piston cavity of the rocker arm, the outer end part of the piston is in contact fit with a first cam, one end of the first cam is a pushing end, the other end of the first cam is a pushing end, an adjusting screw is arranged at the other end of the first cam in a penetrating way, the head part of the adjusting screw can be in contact with the side part of the rocker arm, and the pushing end is provided with a bulge part for driving a valve. The hydraulic engine cylinder brake device can solve the problems of vicious circle of force and hydraulic deformation, low braking power at medium and low rotational speeds, low natural frequency and the like of the existing hydraulic engine cylinder brake, and the stability and consistency of the brake lift are greatly improved compared with that of the hydraulic brake.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of in-cylinder braking of engines, and particularly relates to an in-cylinder braking mechanism and method of a spring finger type engine.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
When the vehicle runs down a long slope, the engine braking (in-cylinder braking) is utilized for downshifting, so that the use of the braking can be reduced, and the problem of braking failure caused by heating of a brake pad due to long-time stepping on the braking can be avoided. In-cylinder braking is a braking action on the drive wheels by using compression resistance, internal friction and intake and exhaust resistance generated by the compression stroke of the engine. The main principle is as follows: 1. after the throttle is released, the exhaust valve is instantaneously opened when the piston is positioned near the upper pole in the compression stroke stage, and high-pressure gas is released; 2. closing the exhaust valve, wherein the cylinder has little gas, and the cylinder is in a negative pressure state when the piston moves downwards from the upper limit point in the explosion (expansion) stage; 3. the gas will prevent the piston from going down, (the piston corresponds to a vacuum) and will produce a torque action against the crankshaft, thereby producing a braking action.
The existing brake in the engine cylinder is hydraulic, and during normal operation, the electromagnetic valve is controlled to be in a closed state, the length of the brake piston is short, the valve ejector rod cannot be contacted, and the brake cannot be applied. In a braking working mode, the electromagnetic valve is controlled to be opened, the braking piston stretches under the action of oil pressure, and the valve ejector rod is pushed to further push the valve to be opened, so that a braking function is realized.
However, this braking method has the following disadvantages: 1. vicious circle between force and hydraulic deformation: braking force increase-hydraulic deformation increase-braking valve lift decrease-braking force greater; 2. the low-braking valve of the low-braking power of the medium-low rotation speed is opened too early and too high; 3. the natural frequency is low, the brake valve system resonates, so that brake load fluctuation is overloaded, and fatigue failure is caused; 4. leakage, oil temperature, oil pressure, air content, etc. affect braking.
Chinese patent application CN201010186306.2 discloses a fixed chain type engine braking device, which overcomes the disadvantages of hydraulic type by adopting a fixed chain mode, but also has the problems of difficult adjustment of braking clearance, reliability and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an in-cylinder braking mechanism and method of a spring finger type engine, and the in-cylinder braking mechanism can solve the problems of vicious circle of force and hydraulic deformation, low braking power at medium and low rotational speeds, low natural frequency and the like existing in the in-cylinder braking of the existing hydraulic engine.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a spring finger type engine in-cylinder braking mechanism which comprises a rocker arm capable of swinging around a rocker arm shaft, wherein a piston cavity is formed in the rocker arm, a piston capable of sliding in the piston cavity is arranged in the rocker arm shaft, a braking oil way is formed in the rocker arm shaft, the braking oil way is always communicated with the piston cavity of the rocker arm, the outer end part of the piston is in contact fit with a first cam, one end of the first cam is a pushing end, the other end of the first cam is a pushing end, an adjusting screw is arranged at the pushing end in a penetrating mode, the head part of the adjusting screw can be in contact with the side part of the rocker arm, and the pushing end is provided with a convex part for driving a valve.
As a further technical scheme, the pushing end of the first cam can be contacted with the top of the valve ejector rod, and the valve ejector rod is arranged between the exhaust valve and the valve bridge.
As a further technical scheme, the first cam is connected with a cam supporting shaft, the cam supporting shaft is fixedly arranged, and the first cam can swing around the cam supporting shaft; the cam support shaft and the axis of the exhaust valve are eccentrically arranged, so that the torque rotation direction of the first cam from the valve ejector rod is always opposite to the torque rotation direction of the adjusting screw from the rocker arm.
As a further technical scheme, the adjusting screw extends out of the thrust end of the first cam for a set length, the extending length of the adjusting screw is adjustable, and the contact surface of the adjusting screw and the rocker arm is a spherical surface.
As a further technical scheme, the first cam is connected with a return torsion spring, the return torsion spring is connected with a torsion spring positioning pin shaft, and the torsion spring positioning pin shaft is fixed on the rocker arm.
As a further technical scheme, the pushing end of the first cam is in contact fit with the outer end of the piston, and the contact surface of the piston and the first cam adopts a spherical structure.
As a further technical scheme, a sliding bearing is arranged between the rocker arm shaft and the rocker arm.
As a further technical scheme, one end of the rocker arm is a power input end, the other end of the rocker arm is a power output end, the first cam is arranged at the power output end of the rocker arm, the power input end of the rocker arm is provided with a roller, the rocker arm is further connected with a return spring at the position where the roller is arranged, and the end part of the return spring is connected with a spring support.
As a further technical scheme, the roller is in contact fit with a second cam, the second cam is connected with the cam shaft, the second cam can rotate around the cam shaft, and the rocker arm can swing back and forth under the action of the second cam and the return spring.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a working method of the spring finger type engine in-cylinder braking mechanism, which comprises the following steps:
when the brake is not in a braking state, no pressure exists in the braking oil way, the first cam pushes the piston to be hidden in a piston cavity of the rocker arm, and the pushing end of the first cam is always kept in a separation state and is not contacted with the valve;
when in a braking state, the braking oil way is filled with engine lubricating oil, and under the action of oil pressure, the piston is pushed to move, so that the first cam is pushed to rotate until the adjusting screw contacts the rocker arm; the rocker arm swings about a rocker shaft and the first cam drives the valve to open and close.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the spring finger type engine in-cylinder braking mechanism, a piston cavity is arranged on a rocker arm, a piston in the piston cavity is in contact fit with a first cam, a thrust end of the first cam is in contact with the side part of the rocker arm through an adjusting screw, and a pushing end of the first cam drives a valve, so that in a braking state, under the action of hydraulic pressure in the piston, the first cam rotates, the adjusting screw is in contact with the rocker arm, and the first cam drives the valve to open and close; under the non-braking state, no pressure exists in the piston, the first cam pushes the piston to be completely hidden in a piston cavity of the rocker arm under the action of the return torsion spring, and the first cam is always kept in a separated state from the valve and is not contacted with the valve.
Because the existing hydraulic braking has serious lift loss problems, including leakage of hydraulic oil, air content in the hydraulic oil, oil temperature and the like, the lift is greatly influenced, in the invention, the hydraulic oil only bears the switching function, and the whole braking force transmission chain is mechanically transmitted after the hydraulic braking is switched to a braking state, and the lift loss phenomenon special for the hydraulic transmission does not exist, so that the stability and consistency of the braking lift are greatly improved compared with the hydraulic braking.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section of a spring finger engine in-cylinder brake mechanism in a non-braked condition according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal section of the in-cylinder brake mechanism of the spring finger engine of the present invention in a braked state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the present invention spring finger engine in-cylinder brake mechanism return torsion spring arrangement;
in the figure: the mutual spacing or size is exaggerated for showing the positions of all parts, and the schematic drawings are used only for illustration;
wherein, 1, exhaust valve; 2. valve ejector rod; 3. a valve bridge; 4. a first cam; 5. A cam support shaft; 6. adjusting a screw; 7. a fastening nut; 8. a piston; 9. A rocker arm; 10. A brake oil path; 11. a spring support; 12. a return spring; 13. a roller; 14. a roller pin; 15. a cam shaft; 16. a sliding bearing; 17. a rocker shaft; 18. a return torsion spring; 19. and the torsion spring positions the pin shaft.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Noun interpretation:
spring finger type: when the in-cylinder brake mechanism of the engine of the present invention is switched from the non-braking state to the braking state, the first cam 4 is quickly sprung out from the contracted state by the action of the hydraulic pressure like a finger spring, and is therefore named as a finger spring.
Example 1:
in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, an in-cylinder brake mechanism of a finger engine is proposed, which includes a rocker arm 9, the rocker arm 9 being swingable around a rocker arm shaft 17 disposed on itself, the rocker arm shaft 17 being stationary, a slide bearing 16 being provided between the rocker arm shaft 17 and the rocker arm 9; the rocker arm 9 is provided with a piston cavity, the piston 8 is in sliding fit with the piston cavity, and the piston 8 can slide in the piston cavity; the rocker arm shaft 17 is provided with a brake oil passage 10, engine lubricating oil is conveyed in the brake oil passage 10, and the brake oil passage 10 is always communicated with a piston cavity on the rocker arm 9.
The outer end part of the piston 8 is in contact fit with the first cam 4, the first cam 4 is connected with the cam support shaft 5, the cam support shaft 5 is fixedly arranged, and the first cam 4 can swing around the cam support shaft 5 in a certain range; a thrust end is arranged at one end of the first cam 4, a threaded hole is arranged at the thrust end for the adjusting screw 6 to pass through, and the adjusting screw 6 is fixed at the thrust end through a fastening nut 7; the other end of the first cam 4 is a pushing end having a convex portion for driving the valve: the valve bridge 3 is connected with the exhaust valve 1, a valve ejector rod 2 is arranged between the exhaust valve 1 and the valve bridge 3, and the top of the valve ejector rod 2 can be contacted with the pushing end of the first cam 4.
The adjusting screw 6 extends out of the threaded hole of the thrust end of the first cam 4 for a set length, the head of the adjusting screw 6 can be contacted with the side part of the rocker arm 9, and the contact surface of the adjusting screw 6 and the rocker arm 9 is spherical.
It should be noted that, the extension length of the adjusting screw 6 may be adjusted according to the requirement of the valve clearance, so as to ensure that the clearance between the first cam 4 and the valve ejector rod 2 in the braking state meets the requirement.
The first cam 4 is connected with the return torsion spring 18, the return torsion spring 18 is connected with the torsion spring positioning pin shaft 19, the torsion spring positioning pin shaft 19 is fixed on the rocker arm 9, when no pressure exists in the brake oil path 10 in a non-braking state, the first cam 4 is under the action of the return torsion spring 18, and the piston 8 is completely hidden in the piston cavity under the pushing of the first cam 4.
The pushing end of the first cam 4 is in contact fit with the outer end of the piston 8, and the contact surface of the piston 8 and the first cam 4 adopts a spherical structure. In the braking state, when the braking oil path 10 is filled with engine lubricating oil, the piston 8 pushes the first cam 4 to rotate around the cam supporting shaft 5 against the acting force of the return torsion spring 18 under the action of hydraulic pressure until the adjusting screw 6 contacts the rocker arm 9. The first cam 4 is thus switchable between two extreme angles under the force of the piston 8 and the return torsion spring 18.
One end of the rocker arm 9 is a power input end, the other end of the rocker arm 9 is a power output end, the first cam 4 is arranged at the power output end of the rocker arm 9, the power input end of the rocker arm 9 is provided with a roller 13, the roller 13 is connected with the rocker arm 9 through a roller pin 14, the rocker arm 9 is further connected with a return spring 12 at the position where the roller 13 is arranged, and the end part of the return spring 12 is connected with a spring support 11. The roller 13 is in contact fit with a second cam, the second cam is connected with the cam shaft 15, the second cam can rotate around the cam shaft 15, and the rocker arm 9 can swing reciprocally under the action of the second cam and the return spring 12.
The cam support shaft 5 is eccentrically arranged with the axis of the exhaust valve 1, so that the torque rotation direction of the first cam 4 from the valve ejector rod 2 is always opposite to the torque rotation direction of the adjusting screw 6 from the rocker arm 9 in a braking state, and the first cam 4 is in a locking state.
Example 2:
in another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method for operating a spring finger type in-cylinder brake mechanism of an engine as described above is provided, specifically as follows:
when the engine is in a non-braking working state, no pressure exists in the braking oil way 10, and the first cam 4 pushes the piston 8 to be completely hidden in a piston cavity of the rocker arm 9 under the action of the return torsion spring 18; even if the rocker arm 9 swings left and right around the rocker shaft 17 under the drive of the cam shaft 15, the first cam 4 and the valve lifter 2 are kept in a separated state and are not contacted all the time;
when the electromagnetic valve of the engine is switched to a braking state, the braking oil way 10 is filled with engine lubricating oil, and under the action of oil pressure, the piston 8 is pushed to move left, so that the first cam 4 is pushed to rotate around the cam supporting shaft 5 against the acting force of the return torsion spring 18 until the adjusting screw 6 contacts the rocker arm 9, as shown in fig. 2; at this time, the rocker arm 9 swings left and right around the rocker shaft 17 under the drive of the cam shaft 15, and the first cam 4 pushes the valve lift rod 2 and thus the exhaust valve 1 to open and close.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The in-cylinder braking mechanism of the spring finger type engine comprises a rocker arm capable of swinging around a rocker arm shaft, and is characterized in that the rocker arm is provided with a piston cavity, a piston capable of sliding in the piston cavity is arranged in the piston cavity, the rocker arm shaft is provided with a braking oil way, the braking oil way is always communicated with the piston cavity of the rocker arm, the outer end part of the piston is in contact fit with a first cam, one end of the first cam is a push end, the other end of the first cam is a push end, the push end is provided with an adjusting screw in a penetrating mode, the head part of the adjusting screw can be in contact with the side part of the rocker arm, and the push end is provided with a bulge part for driving a valve.
2. The spring finger engine in-cylinder brake mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the urging end of the first cam is contactable with a top portion of a valve lifter provided between the exhaust valve and the valve bridge.
3. The spring finger engine in-cylinder brake mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the first cam is connected to a cam support shaft, the cam support shaft being fixedly provided, the first cam being swingable around the cam support shaft; the cam support shaft and the axis of the exhaust valve are eccentrically arranged, so that the torque rotation direction of the first cam from the valve ejector rod is always opposite to the torque rotation direction of the adjusting screw from the rocker arm.
4. The spring finger type engine in-cylinder brake mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting screw extends out of the first cam thrust end by a set length, the extending length of the adjusting screw is adjustable, and the contact surface of the adjusting screw and the rocker arm is spherical.
5. The spring finger engine in-cylinder brake mechanism of claim 1, wherein the first cam is connected to a return torsion spring connected to a torsion spring positioning pin fixed to the rocker arm.
6. The spring finger engine in-cylinder brake mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the pushing end of the first cam is in contact engagement with the outer end of the piston, and the contact surface of the piston and the first cam adopts a spherical structure.
7. The spring finger engine in-cylinder brake mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a slide bearing is provided between the rocker arm shaft and the rocker arm.
8. The in-cylinder brake mechanism of a finger engine according to claim 1, wherein one end of the rocker arm is a power input end, the other end is a power output end, the first cam is arranged at the power output end of the rocker arm, the power input end of the rocker arm is provided with a roller, the rocker arm is further connected with a return spring at the position where the roller is arranged, and the end part of the return spring is connected with a spring support.
9. The in-cylinder brake mechanism of a finger engine according to claim 8, wherein the roller is in contact engagement with a second cam, the second cam is connected to the cam shaft, the second cam is rotatable about the cam shaft, and the rocker arm is reciprocatingly swingable under the action of the second cam and the return spring.
10. A method of operating a spring finger engine in-cylinder brake mechanism according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:
when the brake is not in a braking state, no pressure exists in the braking oil way, the first cam pushes the piston to be hidden in a piston cavity of the rocker arm, and the pushing end of the first cam is always kept in a separation state and is not contacted with the valve;
when in a braking state, the braking oil way is filled with engine lubricating oil, and under the action of oil pressure, the piston is pushed to move, so that the first cam is pushed to rotate until the adjusting screw contacts the rocker arm; the rocker arm swings about a rocker shaft and the first cam drives the valve to open and close.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310300721.3A CN116066197B (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | Spring finger type engine in-cylinder braking mechanism and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310300721.3A CN116066197B (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | Spring finger type engine in-cylinder braking mechanism and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116066197A true CN116066197A (en) | 2023-05-05 |
| CN116066197B CN116066197B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202310300721.3A Active CN116066197B (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | Spring finger type engine in-cylinder braking mechanism and method |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201103432Y (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2008-08-20 | 中国重汽集团济南技术中心有限公司 | Exhaust valve braking device for diesel engine |
| US20110186008A1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2011-08-04 | Avl List Gmbh | Engine braking device for an internal combustion engine |
| CN105003314A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-10-28 | 浙江康和机械科技有限公司 | Rocker arm integrating engine brake |
| CN204984613U (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2016-01-20 | 山东交通学院 | Multicylinder engine closes (air) intake valve control mechanism of shifter cylinder in jar economizer system |
| CN210003347U (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-01-31 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | kinds of braking rocker arms and engine |
| US20220170391A1 (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-06-02 | Jiangsu Jointek Precision Machinery Co., Ltd | Self-resetting single-valve hydraulic drive device and method based on primary and secondary pistons for push rod engine |
-
2023
- 2023-03-27 CN CN202310300721.3A patent/CN116066197B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201103432Y (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2008-08-20 | 中国重汽集团济南技术中心有限公司 | Exhaust valve braking device for diesel engine |
| US20110186008A1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2011-08-04 | Avl List Gmbh | Engine braking device for an internal combustion engine |
| CN105003314A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-10-28 | 浙江康和机械科技有限公司 | Rocker arm integrating engine brake |
| CN204984613U (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2016-01-20 | 山东交通学院 | Multicylinder engine closes (air) intake valve control mechanism of shifter cylinder in jar economizer system |
| CN210003347U (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-01-31 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | kinds of braking rocker arms and engine |
| US20220170391A1 (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-06-02 | Jiangsu Jointek Precision Machinery Co., Ltd | Self-resetting single-valve hydraulic drive device and method based on primary and secondary pistons for push rod engine |
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| CN116066197B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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