CN116065403A - Vibrating diaphragm of sound generating device, manufacturing method of vibrating diaphragm and sound generating device - Google Patents
Vibrating diaphragm of sound generating device, manufacturing method of vibrating diaphragm and sound generating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116065403A CN116065403A CN202111275654.1A CN202111275654A CN116065403A CN 116065403 A CN116065403 A CN 116065403A CN 202111275654 A CN202111275654 A CN 202111275654A CN 116065403 A CN116065403 A CN 116065403A
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- diaphragm
- rubber latex
- vibrating diaphragm
- foaming
- sound generating
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Images
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0006—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using woven fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
- D06N3/0077—Embossing; Pressing of the surface; Tumbling and crumbling; Cracking; Cooling; Heating, e.g. mirror finish
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- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
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- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
- H04R7/127—Non-planar diaphragms or cones dome-shaped
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
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- H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
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- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
- H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2203/00—Macromolecular materials of the coating layers
- D06N2203/02—Natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06N2203/022—Natural rubber
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
- D06N2209/02—Properties of the materials having acoustical properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04R2231/00—Details of apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor covered by H04R31/00, not provided for in its subgroups
- H04R2231/001—Moulding aspects of diaphragm or surround
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- H04R2231/00—Details of apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor covered by H04R31/00, not provided for in its subgroups
- H04R2231/003—Manufacturing aspects of the outer suspension of loudspeaker or microphone diaphragms or of their connecting aspects to said diaphragms
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses sound generating mechanism's vibrating diaphragm and preparation method, sound generating mechanism, vibrating diaphragm include foaming rubber layer and fabric layer, and the at least one side of fabric layer is coated with the foaming rubber layer, and the foaming rubber layer includes base rubber and foaming microballon, and foaming microballon is heated the foaming in order to form the foam cell in the foaming rubber layer, and wherein, the particle diameter of foaming microballon is 15 mu m ~ 45 mu m, and foaming microballon accounts for 3% -10% of base rubber total amount, and foaming microballon's initial foaming temperature is 120 ~ 200 ℃, and foaming microballon's the highest foaming temperature is 150 ~ 270 ℃, and the damping of vibrating diaphragm is > 0.06. This application is through the foaming rubber layer and the layer complex of weaving that will add hollow glass bead, makes the vibrating diaphragm have suitable rigidity, has reduced the quality of vibrating diaphragm, has promoted the damping performance of vibrating diaphragm.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the electroacoustic technical field, in particular to a vibrating diaphragm of a sound generating device, a preparation method thereof and the sound generating device using the vibrating diaphragm.
Background
At present, polyurethane foam plastic used for a vibrating diaphragm made of polyurethane foam plastic in the market is poor in durability, and when a loudspeaker works, the vibrating diaphragm is easy to relax, deform and crack, and even foam hole collapse occurs. The rubber material diaphragm has good damping, compliance and fatigue resistance. But the mass of the rubber material diaphragm is large, which increases the mass of the vibration system, resulting in a reduction in sound production sensitivity of the speaker, and the cost of the rubber material diaphragm is high, thereby increasing the production cost of the diaphragm.
Therefore, a new solution is needed to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present application is to provide a diaphragm of a sound generating device.
Another object of the present application is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned diaphragm.
Still another object of the present application is to provide a sound generating apparatus comprising the above-mentioned diaphragm.
According to the vibrating diaphragm of the sound production device in the embodiment of the first aspect of the application, the vibrating diaphragm comprises a foam rubber layer and a fabric layer, at least one surface of the fabric layer is coated with the foam rubber layer, the foam rubber layer comprises base rubber and foam microspheres, the foam microspheres are heated and foamed to form foam holes in the foam rubber layer, the particle size of the foam microspheres is 15-45 microns, the foam microspheres account for 3-10% of the total amount of the base rubber, the initial foaming temperature of the foam microspheres is 120-200 ℃, the highest foaming temperature of the foam microspheres is 150-270 ℃, and the damping of the vibrating diaphragm is more than 0.06.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the cell pore size is 20 μm to 100 μm.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the diaphragm has a density of 0.4g/cm 3 ～1.1g/cm 3 。
According to the preparation method of the vibrating diaphragm for the sound generating device, the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding the foaming microsphere into basic rubber latex to obtain modified rubber latex, coating the modified rubber latex on at least one surface of a fabric layer, and drying to obtain an initial composite membrane material; performing hot press molding on the initial composite membrane material to obtain a composite membrane; and cutting the composite film to obtain the vibrating film material.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the initial composite film material is placed on a molding press for hot press molding at a molding temperature of 220 ℃ to 270 ℃.
According to some embodiments of the present application, when the initial composite film material is hot-formed, the preparation method further includes: and placing the initial composite film material into a molding press for pressure maintaining, wherein the pressure maintaining time is 6-15 s.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the material of the fabric layer is plain weave cloth, and the plain weave cloth is any one of plain weave cotton cloth, plain weave PET cloth or plain weave natural silk cloth.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the plain weave cloth includes a plurality of strands, and gaps are provided between adjacent strands, and the gaps are 10 μm to 305 μm in size.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the gap is filled with the modified rubber latex.
According to some embodiments of the present application, each of the strands comprises a plurality of wires, the number of wires being 10-45, the wire diameter being 5-26 μm.
According to some embodiments of the present application, before applying the modified rubber latex to the woven fabric layer, the preparation method further comprises: and immersing the plain weave fabric in a thermosetting resin solution to perform thermosetting resin treatment to obtain the woven fabric layer, wherein the thermosetting resin comprises thermosetting phenolic resin and thermosetting epoxy resin.
According to some embodiments of the application, the coating method is dip coating, knife coating, roll coating or spray coating.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the base rubber latex is one or more of a natural rubber latex, a styrene-butadiene rubber latex, a butadiene rubber latex, an isoprene rubber latex, a neoprene rubber latex, a butyl rubber latex, a nitrile rubber latex, a chlorinated nitrile rubber latex, an ethylene-propylene rubber latex, a silicone rubber latex, a fluororubber latex, a polyurethane rubber latex, an acrylate rubber latex, a chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber latex, a epichlorohydrin rubber latex, a polysulfide rubber latex, and an ethylene-vinyl acetate rubber latex.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the fabric layer has an areal density of 9g/m 2 ～147g/m 2 。
According to some embodiments of the present application, the composite film has an areal density of 20g/m 2 ～200g/m 2 。
According to some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the composite film is 0.05mm to 0.38mm.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the modulus of the composite film is 300MPa to 1000MPa.
According to the sound production device of the embodiment of the third aspect of the application, the sound production device comprises a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system matched with the vibration system, the vibration system comprises a vibrating diaphragm and a voice coil combined with one side of the vibrating diaphragm, the magnetic circuit system drives the voice coil to vibrate so as to drive the vibrating diaphragm to produce sound, and the vibrating diaphragm is the vibrating diaphragm according to the embodiment.
According to the sound production device of the fourth aspect embodiment of the application, the sound production device comprises a shell, and a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system which are arranged in the shell, wherein the vibration system comprises a voice coil, a first vibrating diaphragm and a second vibrating diaphragm, the top of the voice coil is connected with the first vibrating diaphragm, the magnetic circuit system drives the voice coil to vibrate so as to drive the first vibrating diaphragm to produce sound, two ends of the second vibrating diaphragm are respectively connected with the shell and the bottom of the voice coil, and the second vibrating diaphragm is the vibrating diaphragm according to the embodiment.
According to the vibrating diaphragm of the sound production device, the foaming rubber layer is formed by adding the foaming microspheres into the base rubber, and the foaming rubber layer is coated on at least one surface of the woven cloth layer, so that the weight of the vibrating diaphragm can be reduced, and the sensitivity and damping performance of the vibrating diaphragm can be effectively improved. Adopt the sound generating mechanism of vibrating diaphragm material of this application, can reduce its distortion at the low frequency, acoustic stability is high, with low costs.
Other features of the present application and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Fig. 1 is a test plot (SPL plot) of loudness at different frequencies for a loudspeaker of a diaphragm according to an embodiment of the present application and a loudspeaker of a conventional rubber diaphragm;
fig. 2 is a harmonic distortion test curve (THD curve) of a speaker of a diaphragm according to an embodiment of the present application and a speaker of a cloth-immersed rubber diaphragm;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a plain weave cloth of a method for manufacturing a diaphragm of a sound generating device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a composite film coated with a foam rubber layer on one side of a method of manufacturing a diaphragm of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a composite film coated with a foam rubber layer on both sides of a method of manufacturing a diaphragm of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is an exploded view of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals
A sound generating device 100;
a housing 10; a voice coil 11; a first diaphragm 12; a second diaphragm 13; a magnetic circuit system 14;
a diaphragm 15; a folded ring portion 151; ball top 152.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
The diaphragm of the sound generating device according to the embodiment of the application is specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to the vibrating diaphragm of the sound production device, the vibrating diaphragm comprises a foam rubber layer and a fabric layer, at least one surface of the fabric layer is coated with the foam rubber layer, the foam rubber layer comprises base rubber and foam microspheres, the foam microspheres are heated and foamed to form foam holes in the foam rubber layer, the particle size of the foam microspheres is 15-45 mu m, the foam microspheres account for 3-10% of the total amount of the base rubber, the initial foaming temperature of the foam microspheres is 120-200 ℃, the highest foaming temperature of the foam microspheres is 150-270 ℃, and the damping of the vibrating diaphragm is more than 0.06.
The vibrating diaphragm of the sound generating device according to the embodiment of the application comprises a foam rubber layer and a fabric layer, wherein the fabric layer is of a double-sided structure, and the foam rubber layer can be arranged on one side of the fabric layer, or the foam rubber layer is arranged on two sides of the fabric layer.
Further, the foaming rubber layer can be prepared by adding foaming microspheres into base rubber. That is, after the foaming microspheres are added into the base rubber, the base rubber is heated, and after the foaming microspheres are heated and foamed, cells can be formed in the foaming rubber layer.
Wherein the particle size of the foaming microsphere is 15-45 μm. For example, the particle size of the expanded microspheres may be 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm or 45 μm. After foaming by using the foaming microsphere with the particle size in the range, the obtained foam cells can obtain enough strength, so that the weight of the foaming rubber layer is reduced. In addition, the foaming microsphere accounts for 3% -10% of the total amount of the base rubber. For example, the percentage of expanded microspheres in the total amount of base rubber may be 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10%.
When the foaming microsphere accounts for 3% -10% of the total amount of the base rubber, the foaming rubber layer can reduce the weight by 20% -60%, the damping of the weight-reduced foaming rubber layer is proper, the polarization of the vibrating diaphragm is restrained, the sound quality is good, the distortion is low, the mechanical property is excellent, the acoustic property and the reliability condition are met, and the manufacturing cost of the vibrating diaphragm is reduced.
Specifically, table one shows the test results of the area density, loss factor, and elongation at break of the foam rubber layer of the diaphragms having different contents of the foam microspheres.
List one
| Mass fraction of foaming microsphere (%) | 0 | 3 | 6 | 10 | 15 |
| Surface density of diaphragm (g/m) 2 ) | 120 | 100 | 50 | 40 | 45 |
| Vibrating diaphragm modulus (Mpa) | 800 | 680 | 400 | 350 | 450 |
| Diaphragm loss factor | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.2 | 0.08 |
As shown in table one, the diaphragm surface density decreases significantly with increasing addition of the foaming microspheres. However, when the content of the foaming microsphere is too high, the expansion of the foaming microsphere can squeeze each other, so that the foaming ratio is reduced insufficiently, and the surface density of the vibrating diaphragm can be increased. The modulus of the vibrating diaphragm is reduced and then increased along with the increase of the addition amount of the foaming microspheres, the density of the vibrating diaphragm is reduced along with the increase of the content of the foaming microspheres, the hardness is correspondingly smaller, the modulus is reduced, and when the content of the foaming microspheres is larger, the expansion of the foaming microspheres is subjected to the low foaming rate caused by the mutual extrusion effect, so that the hardness of the vibrating diaphragm is increased, and the modulus is correspondingly increased. Vibration film damping increases along with the increase of foaming rate, the hole structure and the viscoelasticity synergistic effect of rubber material enable damping to increase, when the content of foaming microsphere is larger, the foaming multiplying power is reduced, the hardness is increased, the rubber content is also reduced, and the damping of the vibration film is reduced.
Fig. 1 is a test plot (SPL plot) of loudness at different frequencies for a loudspeaker diaphragm and a conventional rubber diaphragm according to one embodiment of the present application. The solid line b is a test curve of the loudspeaker diaphragm provided in the embodiment of the application, and the dotted line a is a test curve of a conventional rubber diaphragm. As can be seen from the SPL curve, the intermediate frequency sensitivity of the loudspeaker adopting the diaphragm of the embodiment of the application is obviously improved compared with that of the conventional rubber diaphragm.
Fig. 2 is a harmonic distortion test curve (THD curve) of a loudspeaker diaphragm and a cloth-impregnated rubber diaphragm according to an embodiment of the present application. The solid line b is a test curve of the loudspeaker diaphragm provided in the embodiment of the application, and the dotted line a is a test curve of the cloth-immersed rubber diaphragm. As can be seen from the THD curve, the loudspeaker using the diaphragm of the embodiment of the present application has lower distortion than the conventional cloth-impregnated rubber diaphragm. That is, the loudspeaker using the loudspeaker diaphragm of the embodiments of the present application has higher loudness and comfort.
The expanded microspheres can be expanded microspheres, and the foaming process of the expanded microspheres requires the softening of the shell and the balance between the external pressure and the gas pressure in the expanded microspheres. The process is affected by many factors, such as the polymer composition of the thermoplastic expanded microsphere shell, the type of gas inside the thermoplastic expanded microsphere, the chemicals with which the shell is in contact, the external pressure, free expansion, in-substrate expansion, the type of substrate, and the heating temperature and heating rate. The base rubber latex of the present application corresponds to a base material, the base rubber latex can form a base rubber, and the expanded microspheres can be dispersed in the base material after the expanded microspheres are kneaded with the base rubber latex.
Further, the expanded microspheres require a proper expansion temperature range, the expansion temperature of the expanded microspheres is too low, the expanded microspheres are too small, the pore size of the cells formed in the substrate is too small, and the effect of reducing the density of the substrate cannot be achieved. If the expansion temperature of the expanded microspheres is too high, excessive foaming is caused, cracks are formed on the base material, and the mechanical strength of the foamed rubber layer is reduced.
The initial foaming temperature of the foaming microsphere is 120-200 ℃, so that the foaming microsphere can be ensured to be stably foamed in rubber, the conditions of excessive foaming and excessively small foaming are avoided, and further, the highest foaming temperature of the foaming microsphere is controlled within the range of 150-270 ℃, the foaming of the foaming microsphere in the rubber is ensured to be uniform, and the size of cells formed on a substrate is ensured to be stable. By adopting the foaming temperature, the foaming microsphere can be heated sufficiently, gas can be decomposed and released, and the foaming product can keep stability in a high-temperature environment, so that the foaming rubber layer with higher quality can be obtained.
From this, according to the vibrating diaphragm of sound generating mechanism of this application, through adding foaming microsphere formation foaming rubber layer to at least one side coating of weaving the layer has the foaming rubber layer, not only can lighten the weight of vibrating diaphragm, can also effectively promote the sensitivity and the damping performance of vibrating diaphragm, adopts the sound generating mechanism of vibrating diaphragm material of this application, can reduce its distortion at the low frequency, and acoustic stability is high, and the cost of manufacture is low.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the cell pore size is 20 μm to 100 μm.
The vibrating diaphragm is used as the weakest original in the sounding device, and in the repeated vibration process, long-time normal use is required to be ensured, so that the service life of the sounding device can be prolonged. The size of the pore diameter of the foam hole can influence the sensitivity and the service life of the vibrating diaphragm of the sound generating device, the foam hole is smaller, the weight is reduced obviously, the foam hole is larger, the durability is poor, and the vibrating diaphragm is easy to relax, deform and crack in the working process of the loudspeaker. Therefore, the elastic performance and the rigidity performance of the diaphragm with the pore diameter ranging from 20 mu m to 100 mu m can meet the manufacturing requirements of the sound generating device. Alternatively, the cell pore size may be 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm or 100 μm.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the density of the diaphragm is 0.4g/cm 3 ～1.1g/cm 3 . It can be understood that the foam microsphere is added into the base rubber to form a foam rubber layer, and at least one surface of the woven cloth layer is coated with the foam rubber layer, so that the weight of the vibrating diaphragm can be reduced by 30% -50%, and the sounding sensitivity of the vibrating diaphragm is greatly improved. Alternatively, the diaphragm may have a density of 0.4g/cm 3 、0.5g/cm 3 、0.6g/cm 3 、0.7g/cm 3 、0.8g/cm 3 、0.9g/cm 3 、1g/cm 3 Or 1.1g/cm 3 。
According to the preparation method of the vibrating diaphragm for the sound generating device, the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding the foaming microsphere into basic rubber latex to obtain modified rubber latex, coating the modified rubber latex on at least one surface of a fabric layer, and drying to obtain an initial composite membrane material; performing hot press molding on the initial composite membrane material to obtain a composite membrane; and cutting the composite film to obtain the vibrating film material.
In preparing the diaphragm, first, foaming microspheres may be added to a base rubber latex to obtain a modified rubber latex, at least one surface of a woven layer is coated with the modified rubber latex, and the woven layer coated with the modified rubber latex is dried to obtain an initial composite film material. And then, placing the initial composite membrane material on a molding press for hot press molding to obtain the composite membrane. And finally, after the composite film is cooled, punching or laser cutting is carried out on the composite film according to the design requirement of the diaphragm to obtain the diaphragm material.
Therefore, according to the preparation method of the vibrating diaphragm of the sound generating device, the foaming rubber layer can be obtained by coating the rubber latex added with the foaming microspheres on the fabric layer, the process is simple, the density and the quality of the vibrating diaphragm are reduced, the vibrating diaphragm is enabled to have higher damping, and the sound generating device adopting the vibrating diaphragm has more excellent acoustic performance.
In some embodiments of the present application, the initial composite film material is placed on a die press for hot press forming at a temperature of 220 ℃ to 270 ℃. That is, by setting the molding temperature in the range of 220 to 270 ℃, the molding effect of the composite film material can be made better, and the quality of the obtained composite film is better.
According to one embodiment of the present application, when the initial composite film material is hot-pressed, the preparation method further includes: and placing the initial composite film material into a molding press for pressure maintaining, wherein the pressure maintaining time is 6-15 s. That is, the proper dwell time can effectively prevent the shrinkage of the product, and the product production is stable. In addition, the size of the product size can be adjusted by a proper pressure maintaining mode, and welding lines, pits, burrs and buckling deformation cannot occur, so that ideal product quality control can be realized.
In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the woven cloth layer is plain weave cloth, which is any one of plain weave cotton cloth, plain weave PET cloth, or plain weave natural silk cloth. As shown in fig. 3, a schematic structure of the plain weave cloth is shown.
As shown in fig. 4, a modified rubber latex was coated on one surface of a woven fabric layer, and a composite film having a foam rubber layer on one surface of the woven fabric layer was obtained after molding. As shown in fig. 5, modified rubber latex was coated on both surfaces of the woven fabric layer, and the composite film containing the foam rubber layers on both surfaces of the woven fabric layer was obtained after molding. Wherein, white circles in the figure are foam rubber layers, and black grid circles are fabric layers.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the plain weave cloth includes a plurality of strands, and adjacent strands have gaps therebetween, and the size of the gaps is 10 μm to 305 μm.
The gap distance between adjacent wire harnesses is too large, the strength of the composite film is low, the gap distance is small, the content of the foaming rubber layer is increased, and the composite film is heavy and low in damping. The too large or too small gap between adjacent layers can affect the bonding tightness between the woven cloth layer and the foam rubber layer, so that the reinforcing effect is not achieved, and the mechanical property of the composite film can be reduced.
In some embodiments of the present application, the gap is filled with a modified rubber latex. That is, when the modified rubber latex is coated on the fabric layer, a part of the modified rubber latex can enter the gaps and fill the gaps, so that the weight of the composite membrane is reduced, and the gaps are of proper size, so that the fabric layer and the foam rubber layer can be tightly combined, the mechanical property of the composite membrane is enhanced, and the damping of the composite membrane is improved.
According to one embodiment of the present application, each strand comprises a plurality of filaments, the number of filaments being 10-45 and the filament diameter being 5-26 μm. For example, the number of filaments may be 10, 20, 30 or 40, and the filament diameter may be 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm or 25 μm. That is, the larger the number of threads, the larger the thread diameter of the threads, and the denser the woven fabric layer. By controlling the number and the wire diameter of the wires, a weaving layer with proper quality and strength can be obtained, so that the foaming rubber layer and the weaving layer are better combined, and a composite film with better quality is formed.
In some embodiments of the present application, the scrim layer is obtained by immersing the scrim in a solution of a thermosetting resin to form a thermoset resin, wherein the thermosetting resin comprises a thermosetting phenolic resin and a thermosetting epoxy resin. That is, the woven fabric layer requires immersing the plain weave fabric in a thermosetting resin solution for thermosetting resin treatment before the modified rubber latex is coated on the woven fabric layer. Specifically, the plain weave cloth is immersed in a thermosetting resin solution, taken out and dried.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the coating method is dip coating, knife coating, roll coating or spray coating. That is, the coating manner may be selected according to the selected material so that the foamed rubber layer and the woven cloth layer are well bonded.
In some embodiments of the present application, the base rubber latex is one or more of a natural rubber latex, a styrene-butadiene rubber latex, a butadiene rubber latex, an isoprene rubber latex, a neoprene rubber latex, a butyl rubber latex, a nitrile rubber latex, a chlorinated nitrile rubber latex, an ethylene-propylene rubber latex, a silicone rubber latex, a fluororubber latex, a polyurethane rubber latex, an acrylate rubber latex, a chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber latex, a epichlorohydrin rubber latex, a polysulfide rubber latex, and an ethylene-vinyl acetate rubber latex. That is, the selection of the base rubber may be plural, and the effects achieved by different base rubbers may be different, so that the kind of base rubber may be selected according to the actual situation.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the areal density of the woven layer is 9g/m 2 ～147g/m 2 . Preferably, the areal density of the woven layer may be 20g/m 2 ～90g/m 2 . For example, the areal density of the woven layer may be 10g/m 2 、20g/m 2 、30g/m 2 、40g/m 2 、50g/m 2 、60g/m 2 、70g/m 2 、80g/m 2 、90g/m 2 、100g/m 2 、110g/m 2 、120g/m 2 、130g/m 2 、140g/m 2 Or 150g/m 2 Etc.
In some embodiments of the present application, the composite film has an areal density of 20g/m 2 ～200g/m 2 . Preferably, the surface density of the diaphragm is 30g/m 2 ～100g/m 2 . For example, the areal density of the composite film may be 20g/m 2 、30g/m 2 、40g/m 2 、60g/m 2 、80g/m 2 、100g/m 2 、120g/m 2 、140g/m 2 、160g/m 2 、180g/m 2 Or 200g/m 2 . The modified rubber latex is formed by adding foaming microspheres into the basic rubber latex, the density of the modified rubber latex is different from that of the modified rubber latex with different addition amounts of the foaming microspheres, the modified rubber latex is coated on the fabric layer to form a composite film, and the surface density of the composite film can be controlled to be 20g/m 2 ～200g/m 2 In the range of (2), the surface density of the composite film in the range can enable the diaphragm to have proper strength, and the diaphragm is ensured to have higher damping.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the composite film is 0.05mm to 0.38mm. That is, after the composite film formed by applying the foam rubber layer to the woven cloth layer, the thickness of the composite film cut to obtain the diaphragm may be in the range of 0.05mm to 0.38mm, for example, the thickness of the diaphragm may be 0.05mm, 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.25mm, 0.35mm or 0.38mm. The thickness of the modified rubber latex coating and the thickness of the woven cloth layer are different, and the thickness of the obtained composite film is also different. Through adjusting the thickness of the composite film, the mechanical strength of the vibrating diaphragm can be ensured, and the vibrating diaphragm can have a proper loss factor, so that the acoustic performance of the sound production device is ensured.
In some embodiments of the present application, the modulus of the composite film is 300MPa to 1000MPa. That is, the modified rubber latex is formed by adding the foaming microspheres to the base rubber latex, and then the composite film is formed by coating the modified rubber latex on the fabric layer by adjusting the addition amount of the foaming microspheres, and the diaphragm can be obtained by further treating the composite film, and when the modulus of the composite film is controlled to be in the range of 300MPa to 1000MPa, the mechanical strength of the diaphragm can be ensured, thereby ensuring the service performance of the diaphragm. Alternatively, the modulus of the composite film may be 300Mpa, 400Mpa, 500Mpa, 600Mpa, 700Mpa, 800Mpa, 900Mpa or 1000Mpa. In summary, according to the preparation method of the vibrating diaphragm of the sound generating device, the vibrating diaphragm prepared by taking the foaming rubber layer added with the foaming microspheres and the woven fabric layer as raw materials can enable the vibrating diaphragm to have excellent damping performance and rebound resilience, the vibration system can effectively inhibit polarization phenomenon in the vibration sound generating process, the consistency of the vibration system is better, transient distortion of the sound generating device is effectively inhibited, and therefore the sound generating device manufactured by the vibrating diaphragm has good acoustic performance.
It should be noted that, the diaphragm provided in the present application may be formed into any sound generating device, for example, the following typical sound generating devices: the vibration system comprises a vibrating diaphragm and a voice coil combined on one side of the vibrating diaphragm. When the sounding device works, the voice coil can vibrate up and down under the action of the magnetic field force of the magnetic circuit system after the voice coil is electrified so as to drive the vibrating diaphragm to vibrate, and sounding can be carried out when the vibrating diaphragm vibrates.
According to the sound production device of the embodiment of the third aspect of the application, the sound production device comprises a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system matched with the vibration system, the vibration system comprises a vibrating diaphragm and a voice coil combined on one side of the vibrating diaphragm, the magnetic circuit system drives the voice coil to vibrate so as to drive the vibrating diaphragm to produce sound, and the vibrating diaphragm is the vibrating diaphragm of the embodiment. Specifically, when sound generating mechanism during operation, the voice coil is under the effect of magnetic field force of magnetic circuit after the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil is circular telegram, and the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil can vibrate in order to drive the vibrating diaphragm vibration from top to bottom, can carry out the sound production when the vibrating diaphragm vibrates.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the sound generating device includes a diaphragm 15 made by the above embodiments of the present application, the diaphragm 15 may be composed of a folded ring portion 151 and a spherical top portion 152, and the modified acrylic rubber film layer may be applied to the folded ring portion 151 of the diaphragm. Those skilled in the art can make corresponding adjustment according to the actual product requirement, for example, the folded ring portion 151 protrudes toward the voice coil 11, the top portion 152 is located on the lower surface of the folded ring portion 151, and a centering support plate is added in the vibration system.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a sound generating device 100 according to a fourth embodiment of the present application includes a housing 10, a magnetic circuit 14 and a vibration system disposed in the housing 10, the vibration system includes a voice coil 11, a first diaphragm 12 and a second diaphragm 13, the top of the voice coil 11 is connected to the first diaphragm 12, the magnetic circuit 14 drives the voice coil 11 to vibrate to drive the first diaphragm 12 to generate sound, two ends of the second diaphragm 13 are respectively connected to the housing 10 and the bottom of the voice coil 11, and the second diaphragm 13 is a diaphragm of the above embodiment.
That is, the sound generating apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present application may further include two diaphragms prepared by the above-described embodiments of the present application, the first diaphragm 12 may be used for vibration sound generation, and the second diaphragm 13 may be used for balancing the vibration of the voice coil 11. Specifically, when the sound generating device 100 works, the voice coil 11 can vibrate up and down under the action of the magnetic field force of the magnetic circuit system 14 after the voice coil 11 is electrified to drive the first diaphragm 12 to vibrate, and sound can be generated when the first diaphragm 12 vibrates. The second vibrating diaphragm 13 can also vibrate up and down along with the voice coil 11, and as the two ends of the second vibrating diaphragm 13 are respectively connected with the bottom of the shell 10 and the bottom of the voice coil 11, the second vibrating diaphragm 13 can balance the vibration of the voice coil 11, and can prevent the voice coil 11 from generating polarization, thereby improving the sounding effect of the sounding device 100.
It should be noted that, the diaphragms of the embodiments described herein may be used for the first diaphragm 12 and the second diaphragm 13 at the same time, or one of the first diaphragm 12 and the second diaphragm 13 may be used for the diaphragms of the embodiments described herein, which is not particularly limited in this application.
The diaphragm of the sound generating device of the present application will be specifically described with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The base rubber latex and the foaming microspheres are weighed according to the mass parts. Wherein the base rubber latex comprises: 100 parts of nitrile rubber, 30 parts of carbon black, 4 parts of zinc oxide, 1.5 parts of stearic acid, 2.5 parts of vulcanization accelerator and 1.8 parts of sulfur. 5 parts of foaming microsphere, wherein the average particle size of the foaming microsphere is 30-35 mu m;
the expanded microspheres are added to a base rubber latex to obtain a modified rubber latex, and one surface of the woven fabric layer is coated with the modified rubber latex. And drying the modified rubber latex on the fabric layer to form a foam rubber layer, thereby obtaining the composite membrane material. And then the composite film material can be placed on a molding press for hot press molding, the molding temperature can be 220-270 ℃, the pressure maintaining time can be 6-15 s, and after the pressure maintaining is finished, the die is opened, so that the composite film is obtained. And finally, after the composite film is cooled, punching or laser cutting is carried out on the composite film according to the design requirement of the diaphragm to obtain the diaphragm material.
Comparative example one
The difference from the first embodiment is that the foaming rubber layer is not added with foaming microspheres. The other preparation steps of the diaphragm material are exactly the same as in example one.
The test indexes are as follows: composite film areal density, loss factor, modulus
Table two shows the test results of performance tests on the diaphragms of comparative example one and example one, showing the effect of the addition of the expanded microspheres on diaphragm areal density, loss factor and modulus.
Test conditions:
the storage modulus and the loss factor are measured by dynamic mechanical test DMA, and are measured according to ASTM D5026-15 standard, the clamp is stretched, the test temperature ranges from minus 50 ℃ to 200 ℃, the heating rate is 3 ℃/min, and the average value is obtained after 3 times of test of each group of samples.
Watch II
As can be seen from the above table, the diaphragm surface density of the first example is smaller than that of the first comparative example, and the weight is lighter. The diaphragm of the first embodiment reduces the density, but the loss factor is greatly improved, and the hole structure generated by the foaming microsphere and the viscoelasticity of the rubber material cooperate to increase the damping, so that the distortion of the diaphragm manufactured by the embodiment of the application can be reduced. The modulus of the first embodiment is not greatly different from that of the first comparative embodiment, so that the diaphragm F0 manufactured by the embodiment of the present application is relatively more stable.
Therefore, compared with the conventional vibrating diaphragm, the vibrating diaphragm added with the foaming microsphere has lower weight and higher damping, can reduce the vibration quality of a vibration system, ensures the acoustic stability of the sound generating device, and ensures that the sound generating device has lower distortion at low frequency.
Although specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (19)
1. A diaphragm for a sound generating device, characterized in that the diaphragm comprises a foam rubber layer and a fabric layer, at least one surface of the fabric layer is coated with the foam rubber layer, the foam rubber layer comprises a base rubber and foam microspheres, and the foam microspheres are heated and foamed to form foam holes in the foam rubber layer;
the particle size of the foaming microsphere is 15-45 mu m, the foaming microsphere accounts for 3-10% of the total amount of the base rubber, the initial foaming temperature of the foaming microsphere is 120-200 ℃, the highest foaming temperature of the foaming microsphere is 150-270 ℃, and the damping of the vibrating diaphragm is more than 0.06.
2. The diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pore diameter of the cells is 20 μm to 100 μm.
3. The diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the density of the diaphragm is 0.4g/cm 3 ～1.1g/cm 3 。
4. A preparation method of a vibrating diaphragm for a sound generating device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding the foaming microsphere into basic rubber latex to obtain modified rubber latex, coating the modified rubber latex on at least one surface of a fabric layer, and drying to obtain an initial composite membrane material;
performing hot press molding on the initial composite membrane material to obtain a composite membrane;
and cutting the composite film to obtain the vibrating film material.
5. The method of producing a diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the initial composite film material is hot-pressed on a molding press at a molding temperature of 220 ℃ to 270 ℃.
6. The method for manufacturing a diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein when the initial composite film material is subjected to hot press molding, the method further comprises: and placing the initial composite film material into a molding press for pressure maintaining, wherein the pressure maintaining time is 6-15 s.
7. The method of manufacturing a diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the material of the cloth layer is plain weave cloth, and the plain weave cloth is any one of plain weave cotton cloth, plain weave PET cloth, or plain weave natural silk cloth.
8. The method of producing a diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the plain weave cloth includes a plurality of wire harnesses, a gap is provided between adjacent wire harnesses, and the gap is 10 μm to 305 μm in size.
9. The method of producing a diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the gap is filled with the modified rubber latex.
10. The method of producing a diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 8, wherein each of the wire harnesses includes a plurality of wires, the number of the wires is 10 to 45, and the wire diameter of the wires is 5 μm to 26 μm.
11. The method for producing a diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 7, wherein before the modified rubber latex is coated on the woven fabric layer, the method further comprises: and immersing the plain weave fabric in a thermosetting resin solution to perform thermosetting resin treatment to obtain the woven fabric layer, wherein the thermosetting resin comprises thermosetting phenolic resin and thermosetting epoxy resin.
12. The method of claim 4, wherein the coating method is dip coating, knife coating, roll coating or spray coating.
13. The method for producing a diaphragm for a sound emitting device according to claim 4, wherein the base rubber latex is one or more of natural rubber latex, styrene-butadiene rubber latex, isoprene rubber latex, chloroprene rubber latex, butyl rubber latex, nitrile rubber latex, chlorinated nitrile rubber latex, ethylene-propylene rubber latex, silicone rubber latex, fluoro rubber latex, urethane rubber latex, acrylate rubber latex, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber latex, chloro-ether rubber latex, polysulfide rubber latex, and ethylene-vinyl acetate rubber latex.
14. The method of producing a diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the surface density of the cloth layer is 9g/m 2 ～147g/m 2 。
15. The method for producing a diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the composite film has an areal density of 20g/m 2 ～200g/m 2 。
16. The method of producing a diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the composite film is 0.05mm to 0.38mm.
17. The method for producing a diaphragm for a sound generating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the modulus of the composite film is 300MPa to 1000MPa.
18. The utility model provides a sound generating device, its characterized in that includes vibration system and with vibration system matched with magnetic circuit, vibration system includes the vibrating diaphragm and combines the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil of vibrating diaphragm one side, magnetic circuit drives the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil vibrates in order to drive the vibrating diaphragm sound production, the vibrating diaphragm is the vibrating diaphragm of any one of claims 1-3.
19. The utility model provides a sound generating device, its characterized in that includes the casing and establishes magnetic circuit and vibration system in the casing, vibration system includes voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, first vibrating diaphragm and second vibrating diaphragm, the top of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil with first vibrating diaphragm links to each other, magnetic circuit drives the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil vibrates in order to drive first vibrating diaphragm sound production, the both ends of second vibrating diaphragm respectively with the casing with the bottom of voice coil loudspeaker voice coil links to each other, the second vibrating diaphragm is the vibrating diaphragm of any one of claims 1-3.
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| CN113542989A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-10-22 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Vibrating diaphragm and miniature sound generating device |
| CN113542992A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-10-22 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Vibrating diaphragm and sound generating device |
| CN112770231A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-05-07 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Vibrating plate for sound production device and sound production device |
| CN113549324A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-10-26 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Foam material, preparation method thereof, vibrating plate and loudspeaker |
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