CN116063584A - Chitosan-gallic acid copolymer and application thereof in preparation of hydrogel and wound repair - Google Patents
Chitosan-gallic acid copolymer and application thereof in preparation of hydrogel and wound repair Download PDFInfo
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- CN116063584A CN116063584A CN202211139241.5A CN202211139241A CN116063584A CN 116063584 A CN116063584 A CN 116063584A CN 202211139241 A CN202211139241 A CN 202211139241A CN 116063584 A CN116063584 A CN 116063584A
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- Prior art keywords
- chitosan
- gallic acid
- hydrogel
- solution
- acid copolymer
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Images
Classifications
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- C08B37/0024—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid beta-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. paramylon, coriolan, sclerotan, pachyman, callose, scleroglucan, schizophyllan, laminaran, lentinan or curdlan; (beta-1,6)-D-Glucans, e.g. pustulan; (beta-1,4)-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)(beta-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. lichenan; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0027—2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-glucans; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/003—Chitin, i.e. 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-(beta-1,4)-D-glucan or N-acetyl-beta-1,4-D-glucosamine; Chitosan, i.e. deacetylated product of chitin or (beta-1,4)-D-glucosamine; Derivatives thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chitosan-gallic acid copolymer and application thereof in preparation of hydrogel and wound repair. Belongs to the technical field of biomedical materials. Firstly, chitosan with amino and gallic acid with carboxyl react under the catalysis of a catalyst to prepare chitosan-gallic acid copolymer with amide groups, and then sodium periodate is used for crosslinking to prepare hydrogel. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the novel high molecular compound is obtained by modifying chitosan with gallic acid. The hydrogel provided by the invention has good antibacterial performance and oxidation resistance, and has a good inhibition effect on staphylococcus aureus. The hydrogel provided by the invention has a regular three-dimensional reticular structure, and has good self-healing property, injectability and deformability. The hydrogel has the function of super-strong wet tissue adhesion, can form adhesion hydrogel in situ, can be sprayed for administration, is not easy to fall off, can reduce wound inflammation when being applied to a wound, and can promote wound healing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical materials, in particular to a chitosan-gallic acid copolymer and application thereof in preparation of hydrogel and wound repair.
Background
Wounds are classified into acute wounds, which are sudden injuries on the skin, and chronic wounds, which heal in 2-3 months, depending on their depth and size in the epidermis or dermis layers of the skin. Chronic wounds cannot heal in time and can be life threatening in severe cases, including burns, pressure sores, (post-operative) infections, leg ulcers, diabetic feet, and the like. Wound healing is generally divided into four phases: in the coagulation phase, the inflammation phase, the proliferation phase and the remodelling phase, if the wound is infected in the healing phase, the wound healing and even tissue necrosis can be affected, and serious patients can even endanger life, so that the promotion of the wound healing and the effective prevention of wound infection are of great importance.
The wound dressing is an important product for current wound care, can prevent the wound from being further damaged, and can prevent the wound from being further infected to a certain extent. The conventional wound dressing materials have some limitations such as poor antibacterial effect, poor mechanical properties, poor air permeability, inability to provide water for accelerating the wound healing process, and the like. The hydrogel has the characteristics of high water content, softness, elasticity, biocompatibility, comfort and easy replacement, has pain relieving effect on injured tissues, can reduce the temperature of wounds, and is favorable for treating dry wounds, and is considered as an ideal wound dressing.
In situ hydrogels have many advantages and are a promising candidate. They have the ability to form, fill irregular shapes at the wound site and good hemostatic properties. However, their insufficient mechanical strength and long in situ gelation time limit their application, and once their structure is broken by external forces, wounds are at risk of re-bleeding and infection, affecting wound repair. Furthermore, if the gel time of the hydrogel is too long, the hydrogel may be removed from the wound prior to gelling, failing to continue to act on the wound, resulting in further infection of the wound.
In summary, how to provide a hydrogel dressing is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a chitosan-gallic acid copolymer and application thereof in preparing hydrogel and repairing wounds.
The invention aims to provide an in-situ hydrogel which can be formed into gel in situ, has shape adaptability and self-healing property, high mechanical strength, short gelation time, strong adhesiveness, good biocompatibility and oxidation resistance and antibacterial property, and is better used for repairing wounds.
The hydrogel prepared by the invention has good oxidation resistance and antibacterial performance, good self-healing performance, deformability and injectability, can promote wound repair, and provides a new method for protecting and repairing various wounds such as mechanical wounds, diabetic feet and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a chitosan-gallic acid copolymer is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Dissolving chitosan in 5M hydrochloric acid, stirring, wherein the mass volume ratio of the chitosan and the hydrochloric acid is 100:1mg/ml, sequentially adding phosphate buffer solution, stirring, and adding sodium hydroxide solution to completely dissolve the chitosan to obtain solution A;
(2) Adding 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) amide diimine and N-hydroxysuccinimide into the solution A, wherein the mass ratio of chitosan to 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) amide diimine to N-hydroxysuccinimide is 250:622:374, so as to obtain a solution B;
(3) Dissolving gallic acid in absolute ethyl alcohol, adding phosphate buffer solution, wherein the mass volume ratio of the gallic acid to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the phosphate buffer solution is 295:6.25:6.25mg/ml, adjusting the pH value to be 5, adding the solution B, stirring and reacting, and the mass ratio of chitosan to the gallic acid is 250:295, thus obtaining solution C;
(4) Dialyzing the solution C by using a dialysis bag with molecular retention of 3500 to obtain a solution D;
(5) And freeze-drying the solution D.
The beneficial effects are that: chitosan is a cationic polymer which is biodegradable and biocompatible, and which electrostatically interacts with negatively charged mucin chains, thereby exhibiting adhesion; meanwhile, the composition has antibacterial and hemostatic effects and outstanding wound healing characteristics. Gallic acid is a polyphenol compound containing a plurality of phenolic groups and is combined with protein through hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonds, so that stronger adhesiveness is shown; the polyphenol component also has oxidation resistance and can remove free radicals at the wound; and the polyphenol component has certain antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.
Further, when the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer is prepared, the pH value of the whole reaction system is controlled to be 4.5-5.5.
Further, the pH value of the phosphate buffer solution in the step (1) is 5, and the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 5M.
Further, in the step (3), a 1M sodium hydroxide solution is used for adjusting the pH value, and the stirring reaction time is more than 12 hours.
Further, the specific operation of the step (4) is as follows: and (3) putting the solution C into a dialysis bag with molecular retention of 3500 for dialysis, wherein the dialysis medium is phosphate buffer solution with pH value of 5, changing the dialysis solution every 3-4 hours, detecting the dialysis medium by using sodium hydroxide solution until the dialysis medium is not discolored, and then dialyzing the solution by using deionized water with pH value of 5 for 2 hours to obtain the solution D.
Application of the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer in preparing hydrogel.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention uses gallic acid to modify chitosan to obtain a novel high molecular compound, which has the super-strong adhesion effect on wet tissues, and the novel high molecular compound can be prepared into hydrogel as wound dressing to protect wound surfaces.
The centipede extract and the polypeptide scolopendra 2 which are main medicinal components are respectively loaded in the blank hydrogel, so that the bacterial growth can be well inhibited, the wound healing can be promoted, and the method can be applied to the protection and repair of various skin wounds such as burn, mechanical wound, diabetic foot, pressure sore, other chronic ulcers and the like.
The hydrogel prepared from the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer is crosslinked by sodium periodate.
Further, any one of the following preparation methods is adopted:
(1) Dissolving chitosan-gallic acid copolymer in Tris buffer solution, adding cross-linking agent sodium periodate, and standing;
(2) Dissolving Scolopendra extract in Tris buffer solution, adding chitosan-gallic acid copolymer, mixing, adding crosslinking agent sodium periodate, and standing;
(3) Dissolving polypeptide scolopin2 in Tris buffer solution, adding chitosan-gallic acid copolymer, mixing, adding cross-linking agent sodium periodate, and standing.
The beneficial effects are that: the proteins and some polypeptide components in the centipede extract also have antibacterial activity, and the centipede extract is used as a main medicine to prepare a medicated wound dressing for promoting wound healing and preventing further infection of the wound.
Further, the concentration of the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer is 40mg/ml;
the pH after dissolution in Tris buffer was 8.5;
the mass ratio of the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer to the cross-linking agent sodium periodate is 40:1.
Further, the preparation method of the centipede extract comprises the following steps: decocting Scolopendra in water for three times, the first time for 1 hr, the second time for 45 min, and the third time for 30min, and mixing decoctions; filtering, concentrating the filtrate into fluid extract with the density of 1.10-1.15; adding ethanol to make ethanol content reach 70%, standing for 24 hr, and filtering; concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure until no alcohol smell exists, and drying under reduced pressure at 60-80 ℃ to obtain the finished product.
Further, the molecular weight of the polypeptide scolopin2 is 3016.68, and the peptide sequence is GILKKFMLHRGTKVYKMRTLSKRSH; SEQ ID NO.1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) The invention obtains a novel high molecular compound by modifying chitosan with gallic acid. (2) The hydrogel provided by the invention has good antibacterial performance and oxidation resistance, has good inhibition effect on staphylococcus aureus, and can effectively remove free radicals. (3) The hydrogel provided by the invention has a regular three-dimensional reticular structure, and has good self-healing property, injectability and deformability. (4) The hydrogel provided by the invention has the super-strong wet tissue adhesion effect, can form adhesion hydrogel in situ, can be sprayed for administration, is not easy to fall off, can reduce wound inflammation when being applied to a wound, and can promote wound healing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the ultraviolet scanning results of chitosan, gallic acid and modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the infrared-ray results of chitosan in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the infrared-ray results of the modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of nuclear magnetic characterization of the modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image of the hollow white water gel of example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron microscope image of the liquid-carrying gel in example 3 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a graph showing the results of evaluation of injectability of the hollow white water gel of example 4 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a graph showing the results of deformability evaluation of the hollow white water gel according to example 5 of the present invention, in which the state of the graph is finger joint extension;
fig. 9 is a graph showing the results of evaluation of deformability of the hollow white water gel according to example 5 of the present invention, in which the state of the graph is finger joint bending;
fig. 10 is a graph showing the results of evaluation of self-healing properties of the hollow white water gel of example 6 of the present invention, in a state of being just placed in a petri dish;
fig. 11 is a graph showing the results of evaluation of self-healing properties of the hollow white water gel in example 6 of the present invention, in which the state of the graph is a state after standing for 0.5 h;
fig. 12 is a drawing showing the results of evaluation of self-healing properties of the hollow white water gel according to example 6 of the present invention, in a state in which the hydrogel was removed with forceps after standing for 0.5 h;
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the results of the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer spray test in example 7 of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a graph showing the degradation rate results of the hollow white water gel of example 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a graph showing the results of strain sweep test of hollow white hydrogel in example 9 of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a graph showing the results of a strain sweep test when the hollow whitewater gel strain is set back to 1% in example 9 of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a graph showing the shear rate-viscosity curve of the hollow white water gel of example 9 of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a graph showing DPPH clearance results in example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a graph showing the results of measurement of total antioxidant capacity in example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a graph showing the results of evaluation of bacteriostatic activity in example 11 of the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a drawing showing wound healing in a model group in example 12 of the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a drawing showing the wound healing of chitosan set in example 12 of the present invention;
fig. 23 is a drawing showing wound healing in the hollow white water gel pack of example 12 of the present invention;
FIG. 24 is a drawing showing wound healing in a drug-loaded (centipede extract) hydrogel set according to example 12 of the present invention;
FIG. 25 is a drawing showing wound healing in a drug-loaded (polypeptide scolopin 2) hydrogel set according to example 12 of the present invention;
FIG. 26 is a drawing showing wound healing of the unencapsulated centipede extract according to example 12 of the present invention;
FIG. 27 is a drawing showing wound healing in the non-entrapped polypeptide scolopin2 group of example 12 of the present invention;
FIG. 28 is a drawing showing the treatment of diabetic foot by the model set of example 13 of the present invention;
fig. 29 is a drawing showing the treatment of diabetic foot with the hollow white water gel set of example 13 of the present invention;
FIG. 30 is a drawing showing the treatment of diabetic foot with the drug-loaded (centipede extract) hydrogel set of example 13 of the present invention;
FIG. 31 is a diagram showing the overall design concept of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The required medicament is a conventional experimental medicament and is purchased from a commercial channel; the test methods not mentioned are conventional test methods and will not be described in detail herein.
Example 1
This example prepares a hydrogel by the following steps
Step one: preparation of novel Polymer
1) 250mg of chitosan was dissolved in 2.5ml of 5M hydrochloric acid and stirred, after which 20ml of phosphate buffer solution having pH5 was added and stirred for about 12 hours, about 2.5ml of 5M sodium hydroxide solution was added under stirring to completely dissolve chitosan, thereby obtaining solution A.
2) 622mg of 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) amide diimine (EDC) and 374mg of N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) were added to the solution A, and stirring was continued to give a solution B.
3) After 295mg of gallic acid is dissolved in 6.25ml of absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic treatment, 6.25ml of phosphate buffer solution is added for uniform mixing, and 1M sodium hydroxide solution is dropwise added for regulating the pH to 5 under the stirring state; adding the mixture into the solution B, and stirring and reacting for more than 12 hours to obtain a solution C.
4) And (3) putting the solution C into a dialysis bag with molecular retention of 3500 for dialysis, wherein the dialysis medium is phosphate buffer solution with pH of 5, changing the dialysis solution every 3-4 hours, detecting the dialysis medium by using sodium hydroxide solution until the dialysis medium is not discolored, and then dialyzing the solution by using deionized water with pH of 5 for 2 hours to obtain the solution D.
5) And freeze-drying the solution D to obtain the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer.
Step two: preparation of blank hydrogels
Dissolving the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer obtained in the step one in Tris buffer solution, adding a cross-linking agent sodium periodate, and standing to obtain the blank water gel.
Step three: preparation of drug-loaded (centipede extract) hydrogel
And (3) dissolving the centipede extract in Tris buffer solution, dissolving the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer obtained in the step (A), uniformly mixing, adding a cross-linking agent sodium periodate, and standing to obtain the aqueous gel.
The preparation method of the centipede extract comprises the following steps: decocting Scolopendra in water for three times, the first time for 1 hr, the second time for 45 min, and the third time for 30min, and mixing decoctions; filtering, concentrating the filtrate into fluid extract with the density of 1.10-1.15; adding ethanol to make ethanol content reach 70%, standing for 24 hr, and filtering; concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure until no alcohol smell exists, and drying under reduced pressure at 60-80 ℃ to obtain the finished product.
Step four: preparation of drug-loaded (polypeptide) hydrogels
And (3) dissolving the polypeptide scolopin2 in Tris buffer solution, dissolving the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer obtained in the step (I) in the solution, uniformly mixing, adding a cross-linking agent sodium periodate, and standing to obtain the aqueous gel.
Polypeptide scolopin2 has a molecular weight of 3016.68 and a peptide sequence of GILKKFMLHRGTKVYKMRTLSKRSH; SEQ ID NO.1.
Example 2
In this example, the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer obtained in step one of example 1 was subjected to structural identification, including infrared characterization, ultraviolet characterization, and nuclear magnetic characterization, and the method and results were as follows:
1. uv appearance:
respectively dissolving chitosan, gallic acid and modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer in phosphate buffer solution, wherein the concentration of the chitosan solution is the same as that of the modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer solution, and carrying out full-wavelength scanning within the range of 200-800 nm by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, so that gallic acid is absorbed within the range of about 280nm, chitosan is not absorbed within the range, and the modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer is absorbed at the position close to, namely, about 260nm, so that gallic acid is successfully combined on chitosan molecules through the reaction of carboxyl and amino. The results are shown in FIG. 1.
2. Infrared characterization:
the wave number range of the infrared spectrum is 400-4000cm < -1 >, the resolution of the spectrometer is 4cm < -1 >, the signal-to-noise ratio is 50000:1, and the scanning is performed 32 times. The infrared analysis result shows that the chitosan has an amino characteristic peak V NH (3442.81cm -1 )、δ NH (1643.61cm -1 )、V C-N (1077.01cm -1 )、γ NH (612.22cm -1 ) The results are shown in FIG. 2. The modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer has characteristic peak V of amide group NH (3243.94cm -1 )、V C＝O (1631.98cm -1 )、δ NH (1524.19cm -1 、1320.64cm -1 ) Indicating that the amino group on chitosan is successfully combined with the carboxyl group of gallic acid through reaction to form an amide group. The results are shown in FIG. 3.
3. Nuclear magnetic characterization:
the modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer has characteristic absorption of benzene ring hydrogen at chemical shift of 4.71ppm and characteristic absorption of phenol hydrogen at chemical shift of 6.92ppm, and the characteristic absorption is presumed to originate from gallic acid modified on chitosan because no benzene ring structure is present on chitosan. The results are shown in FIG. 4.
The result shows that the gallic acid successfully modifies the chitosan to obtain a novel high molecular compound through the reaction of the amino group and the carboxyl group: chitosan-gallic acid copolymer.
Example 3
In this example, the morphological structure of the hydrogels obtained in the second and third steps of example 1 was characterized.
The hydrogels obtained in the second and third steps of example 1 were rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen, and then lyophilized, after about 48 hours of lyophilization, transected into thin sheets with a thickness of about 2mm, and then placed in a scanning electron microscope for observation. The results are shown in fig. 5 and 6.
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image of the blank hydrogel prepared in the second step, which is a uniform three-dimensional network structure; fig. 6 is a scanning electron microscope image of the hydrogel carrier prepared in the third step, which is a uniform three-dimensional network structure and is more compact than the blank hydrogel.
Example 4
In this example, the blank hydrogel obtained in step two of example 1 was evaluated for injectability.
The non-gelled solution was placed in a 1mL syringe, left to stand to form a gel, which was injected through the syringe and written with the word "injection". As a result, the word "injection" was written smoothly, indicating that the hydrogel was injectable, as shown in FIG. 7.
Example 5
In this example, the blank hydrogel obtained in step two of example 1 was evaluated for deformability.
The blank hydrogel obtained in the step two of example 1 was taken out and placed at the knuckle, and the deformability thereof was observed by continuously bending and stretching the knuckle. The results are shown in fig. 8-9, and the hydrogel can be deformed correspondingly without breaking along with the bending and stretching of the knuckle, indicating that the hydrogel has deformability.
Example 6
In this example, the air water gel was evaluated for self-healing properties.
Dissolving chitosan-gallic acid copolymer in Tris buffer solution, dividing the solution into two parts, respectively adding a proper amount of dyes rhodamine B and methyl blue, and then adding a cross-linking agent sodium periodate to form hydrogel; half of the hydrogel was cut out, placed in the same dish, and left to stand for 0.5h to observe the self-healing property. The results are shown in fig. 10-12, and the hydrogel after cleavage can form a new network structure to be bonded together, indicating that the hydrogel has self-healing properties.
Example 7
In this example, the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer obtained in step one of example 1 was put into a ball mill to be ball-milled into powder, the rotational speed of the ball mill was set to 2000rpm, and the obtained powder was circulated 10 times, and passed through a sieve, and the powder which could pass through a 80 mesh sieve but could not pass through a 100 mesh sieve was sieved, and put into a long nozzle powder spray bottle to conduct a spray test. As shown in figure 13, the powder particles can be uniformly sprayed out in an umbrella shape, and can form adhesive hydrogel in situ after contacting a wound, so that the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer prepared by the invention has the potential of being prepared into a spray.
Example 8
In this example, the degradation rate of the blank hydrogel obtained in step two of example 1 was examined.
Weighing the blank hydrogel obtained in the step II of the example 1 to obtain the weight W of the sample 0 In a test tube containing PBS buffer (pH 7.4), carefully taking out at time points 6h, 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 120h, sucking surface water with filter paper, and weighing to obtain sample weight W t 3 parts were tested in parallel and the Degradation Rate (DR) was calculated as follows:
DR(％)＝(W 0 -W t )/W 0 ×100
as shown in FIG. 14, the hydrogel is rapidly degraded within 0-24 h, the degradation rate is reduced within 24-48 h, and the degradation rate is balanced within 48-120 h.
Example 9
In this example, the blank hydrogel obtained in step two of example 1 was examined for rheological properties.
The blank hydrogel was subjected to strain sweep testing using a rheometer, the results of which are shown in fig. 15. In a certain strain range, the storage modulus G 'of the blank hydrogel is kept unchanged, so that the formed blank hydrogel can bear larger deformation to keep a complete three-dimensional network structure, a storage modulus curve and a loss modulus curve intersect at about 50%, the blank hydrogel is at a critical point between solid and fluid, when the strain exceeds the critical strain, the G' of the blank hydrogel is obviously reduced and is lower than G ", and the blank hydrogel network collapses. Subsequently, when the applied strain was recalled to 1%, as shown in fig. 16, both G' and G "of the blank hydrogel quickly recovered to the original state, indicating that the blank hydrogel had self-healing ability. As shown in fig. 17, the results of measurement of the shear rate-viscosity curve of the blank hydrogel showed that the blank hydrogel had a shear-thinning property, suggesting that the blank hydrogel had injectability.
Example 10
In this example, the oxidation resistance of the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer obtained in step one of example 1 was evaluated.
1. DPPH clearance rate
A series of chitosan solutions with concentration (0.1 mg/ml, 0.2mg/ml, 0.4mg/ml, 0.6mg/ml, 0.8mg/ml, 1.0 mg/ml) and modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer solution were prepared as sample solutions, and the solvent was PBS buffer solution with pH=5. 0.006g DPPH powder is dissolved in 50mL absolute ethanol to obtain DPPH alcohol solution, and the solution is preserved in a dark place.
The set groupings are as follows:
sample group: 100. Mu.L of sample solution and 100. Mu.L of DPPH alcohol solution;
blank group: 100 mu L of sample solution and 100 mu L of absolute ethyl alcohol;
control group: 100 mu LDPPH alcohol solution + water 100uL.
The mixture was added to 96 wells, incubated at room temperature for 30min in the absence of light, and absorbance was measured at 517nm using a microplate reader. The DPPH clearance rate calculation formula is as follows:
(1-(A sample -A blank )/A control ) 100%; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
A sample represents the absorbance of the sample group, A blank Absorbance representing blank group, A control The absorbance of the control group was represented.
As shown in FIG. 18, at low concentration (0.1-0.6 mg/ml), the DPPH clearance of chitosan and modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer is not obviously different, and at higher concentration, the clearance of modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer on DPPH is obviously better than that of chitosan, which indicates that the free radical clearance of modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer is obviously improved.
2. Total antioxidant capacity
A series of chitosan solutions and modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer solutions were prepared at concentrations (0.25 mg/ml, 0.5mg/ml, 1mg/ml, 1.5mg/ml, 2.0 mg/ml) in PBS buffer with pH=5. The assay was performed using a total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) assay kit.
As shown in fig. 19, the total antioxidant capacity of the modified chitosan-gallic acid copolymer was significantly better than that of chitosan at the same concentration, and the total antioxidant capacity tended to increase with increasing concentration.
Example 11
In this example, the bacteriostatic activity was evaluated.
Culturing staphylococcus aureus until the logarithmic phase, diluting the bacterial suspension to 4 x 10-6 CFU/mL, taking 100 mu L of diluted bacterial suspension to a 6cm agar plate, uniformly coating, punching holes in the middle of the plate, filling chitosan solution, blank hydrogel prepared in example 1, two liquid-carrying gels prepared in example 1, centipede extract solution prepared in example 1 and polypeptide scolopin2 solution prepared in example 1 into holes, and culturing for 24 hours at 37 ℃ by repeating three plates each, and observing results to calculate the diameter of a bacteriostasis ring.
As shown in fig. 20, under the experimental conditions, chitosan and centipede extract do not show obvious antibacterial effect, but the blank hydrogel, the two carrier hydrogels and the polypeptide scolopin2 all have obvious antibacterial effect, the size of the antibacterial circle of the blank hydrogel is 13.61+/-0.88 mm, the size of the antibacterial circle of the carrier (centipede extract) hydrogel is 16.83+/-1.81 mm, the size of the antibacterial circle of the polypeptide scolopin2 is 12.33+/-1.74 mm, and the size of the antibacterial circle of the carrier (polypeptide scolopin 2) hydrogel is 17.82+/-1.312 mm; the antibacterial effect of the drug-loaded hydrogel is obviously better than that of the blank hydrogel, and the antibacterial effect of the drug-loaded (polypeptide scolopin 2) hydrogel is also better than that of the single polypeptide scolopin2. The hydrogel prepared from the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer modified by the chitosan has better antibacterial effect than chitosan, and the antibacterial effect of the drug can be better exerted after the drug is entrapped by the hydrogel.
Example 12
In this example, the effect of the hydrogels of the present invention on the general wound healing status of mice was evaluated.
35C 57 mice, weighing 25-27 g, were randomly divided into 7 groups of 5 mice each. After the mice are routinely raised for one week, 4% chloral hydrate is injected into the abdominal cavity, the injection amount is 14ml/kg, the hair on the back of the mice is removed by a shaver after anesthesia is effective, and a circular full-layer skin with the diameter of 8mm is cut off by a surgical method to form an open wound surface, and the wound surface reaches fascia deeply. After the wound model is built, one group is only wrapped by gauze (model group), and the other 6 groups are respectively wrapped and fixed by using chitosan, blank hydrogel, medicine-carrying (centipede extract) hydrogel, medicine-carrying (polypeptide scolopin 2) hydrogel, and non-wrapped centipede extract and polypeptide scolopin2. Changing the medicine every day for the first three days, changing the medicine every other day for 15 days, photographing and recording during the period, and calculating the area of the wound surface.
As the experiment progressed, the wound area of each group was gradually reduced, and the wound healing rate was significantly faster in the drug-applied group than in the model group in the first 9 days. On day1 post-operation, each group of wounds was seen as a small amount of fluid exudation; on the 3 rd day of operation, each gel group, the wound area begins to shrink; on the 5 th day after operation, all groups of wounds start to scab, and the wound areas of all the administration groups are reduced except the model group; on the 7 th day after operation, the wound area of each group is continuously reduced, and each administration group has obvious new skin tissue, especially the hydrogel group has obvious new skin tissue; on DAY 15 after the operation, each group was substantially completely epithelialized, and as shown in fig. 21 to 27, the model group, the chitosan group, the blank hydrogel group, the drug-carrying (centipede extract) hydrogel group, the drug-carrying (polypeptide scolopein 2) hydrogel group, the non-entrapped centipede extract group, the non-entrapped polypeptide scolopein 2 group, and the same group of figures were DAY1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 in order.
Example 13
In this example, the effect of the hydrogels of the present invention on treating diabetic foot was evaluated.
30C 57 mice are fed with high-sugar and high-fat feed after being fed for one week, and fasted for 12 hours after two weeks, and are injected with Streptozotocin (STZ) in an intraperitoneal mode, wherein the dosage is 100mg/kg; continuously feeding with high-sugar and high-fat feed for two weeks, and fasted for 12h, injecting Streptozotocin (STZ) into the abdominal cavity with the dosage of 150mg/kg; after three days, the fasting blood glucose level is measured, and the fasting blood glucose level is more than or equal to 15mmol/L as the standard for successful molding. After selecting the mice with successful modeling, the mice are divided into a model group, a blank hydrogel group and a drug-loaded (centipede extract) hydrogel group, and a wound model is built, and the method is the same as that of the ordinary wound in the example 12. Wound healing was observed.
The results are shown in FIGS. 28 to 30, which are a model group, a blank hydrogel group, and a drug-loaded (centipede extract) hydrogel group in this order, and DAY1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 are shown in this order in the same group. As the experiment progressed, the wound area of each group was gradually reduced, wherein the blank hydrogel group and the drug-loaded (centipede extract) hydrogel group were significantly faster in healing speed than the model group. The blank hydrogel group healed better than the model group from day 5, and the drug-loaded (centipede extract) hydrogel group healed better than the other groups from day 3. The hydrogel prepared by the invention has a certain repairing effect on diabetic feet.
Comparative example 1
Gallic acid content in chitosan-gallic acid copolymer:
the amount of gallic acid successfully attached per 1mg of chitosan-gallic acid copolymer by the method of the invention is about 0.0418 to 0.1276mg.
When the gallic acid amount is 0.06-0.08 mg/mg of chitosan-gallic acid copolymer, the solubility of the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer is poor, and part of materials form gel blocks in the dissolving process; when the amount of gallic acid is 0.1mg/mg of chitosan-gallic acid copolymer, the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer has excellent solubility.
Comparative example 2
Gel formation test
A series of influencing factors were screened:
(1) Solvent: KHCO (KHCO) 3 And Tris solution, wherein the Tris solution has better solubility。
(2) Crosslinking agent
①H 2 O 2 、H 2 O 2 Enzymes and gallic acid: testing the added gallic acid with different mass ratios and H with different volume ratios 2 O 2 、H 2 O 2 Gel formation after enzyme solution.
Gallic acid with different mass ratios: gallic acid with the mass ratio of 1:0,2:1,4:1,8:1 is respectively added into 40mg/ml material solution, and then the gallic acid and 3%H with the same mass ratio are added 2 O 2 、H 2 O 2 Enzyme solution, 3%H 2 O 2 The volume ratio of the solution is 1/10, H 2 O 2 The volume ratio of the enzyme solution is 1/100, and the gel forming test is carried out.
H of different volume ratios 2 O 2 Enzyme solution: the rest conditions are the same, H 2 O 2 The ratio of the enzyme solution was changed to 1/200.
3%H of different volume ratios 2 O 2 Solution: the rest conditions are the same, H 2 O 2 The ratio of the solutions was changed to 1/20.
(2) Geniposide: geniposide is added into 40mg/ml material solution, and the mass ratio of the material to the geniposide is 15:1 and 30:1.
(3) Sodium periodate: geniposide is added into 40mg/ml material solution, and the mass ratio of the material to the sodium periodate is 40:1 and 8:1.
Results: the gel forming test is carried out by using different cross-linking agents, and the result shows that geniposide is used as the cross-linking agent, and the hydrogel can be finally formed, but the gel forming time is longer and at least more than 7 hours are needed; when the ratio of the material to the gallic acid is 4:1 and 1:0, adding H 2 O 2 、H 2 O 2 The enzyme can be used as a cross-linking agent material to form hydrogel, the gel forming is long and unstable, the gel forming time is more than 6 hours, and the gel becomes a solution state after shaking forcefully; when sodium periodate is used as a cross-linking agent, gel can be completely formed, the gel forming time is shortest, the gel can be formed only in 0.5 hour, the three-dimensional network structure of the formed hydrogel is more uniform and orderly and stable, and inversion and shaking can not be influencedIn its gel state. Various proportions of sodium periodate may form hydrogels, with lower proportions of sodium periodate being chosen for safety considerations, i.e., 40:1.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A chitosan-gallic acid copolymer is characterized by comprising the following preparation method:
(1) Dissolving chitosan in 5M hydrochloric acid, stirring, wherein the mass volume ratio of the chitosan and the hydrochloric acid is 100:1mg/ml, sequentially adding phosphate buffer solution, stirring, and adding sodium hydroxide solution to completely dissolve the chitosan to obtain solution A;
(2) Adding 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) amide diimine and N-hydroxysuccinimide into the solution A, wherein the mass ratio of chitosan to 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) amide diimine to N-hydroxysuccinimide is 250:622:374, so as to obtain a solution B;
(3) Dissolving gallic acid in absolute ethyl alcohol, adding phosphate buffer solution, wherein the mass volume ratio of the gallic acid to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the phosphate buffer solution is 295:6.25:6.25mg/ml, adjusting the pH value to be 5, adding the solution B, stirring and reacting, and the mass ratio of chitosan to the gallic acid is 250:295, thus obtaining solution C;
(4) Dialyzing the solution C by using a dialysis bag with molecular retention of 3500 to obtain a solution D;
(5) And freeze-drying the solution D.
2. The chitosan-gallic acid copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate buffer solution in step (1) has a pH of 5 and the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 5M.
3. The chitosan-gallic acid copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the pH value is adjusted by using a 1M sodium hydroxide solution in the step (3), and the stirring reaction time is 12 hours or more.
4. The chitosan-gallic acid copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the specific operation of step (4) is as follows: and (3) putting the solution C into a dialysis bag with molecular retention of 3500 for dialysis, wherein the dialysis medium is phosphate buffer solution with pH value of 5, changing the dialysis solution every 3-4 hours, detecting the dialysis medium by using sodium hydroxide solution until the dialysis medium is not discolored, and then dialyzing the solution by using deionized water with pH value of 5 for 2 hours to obtain the solution D.
5. Use of the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the preparation of a hydrogel.
6. The hydrogel prepared by using the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by being crosslinked by sodium periodate.
7. The hydrogel according to claim 6, prepared by any one of the following methods:
(1) Dissolving chitosan-gallic acid copolymer in Tris buffer solution, adding cross-linking agent sodium periodate, and standing;
(2) Dissolving Scolopendra extract in Tris buffer solution, adding chitosan-gallic acid copolymer, mixing, adding crosslinking agent sodium periodate, and standing;
(3) Dissolving polypeptide scolopin2 in Tris buffer solution, adding chitosan-gallic acid copolymer, mixing, adding cross-linking agent sodium periodate, and standing.
8. The hydrogel of claim 7, wherein the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer has a concentration of 40mg/ml;
the pH after dissolution in Tris buffer was 8.5;
the mass ratio of the chitosan-gallic acid copolymer to the cross-linking agent sodium periodate is 40:1.
9. The hydrogel of claim 7, wherein the centipede extract is prepared by a process comprising: decocting Scolopendra in water for three times, the first time for 1 hr, the second time for 45 min, and the third time for 30min, and mixing decoctions; filtering, concentrating the filtrate into fluid extract with the density of 1.10-1.15; adding ethanol to make ethanol content reach 70%, standing for 24 hr, and filtering; concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure until no alcohol smell exists, and drying under reduced pressure at 60-80 ℃ to obtain the finished product.
10. The hydrogel of claim 7, wherein said polypeptide scolopin2 has a molecular weight of 3016.68 and a peptide sequence of GILKKFMLHRGTKVYKMRTLSKRSH; SEQ ID NO.1.
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| CN106031756A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2016-10-19 | 山东汉方制药有限公司 | Compound amur cork-tree temperature-sensitive gel for treating sore and ulcer and traumatic infection and preparing method thereof |
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| CN106031756A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2016-10-19 | 山东汉方制药有限公司 | Compound amur cork-tree temperature-sensitive gel for treating sore and ulcer and traumatic infection and preparing method thereof |
| CN113318276A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-08-31 | 中山大学附属第一医院 | Preparation method of multiple-crosslinking injectable hydrogel and preparation method and application thereof |
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