CN116058987A - Pseudo-root implant system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a root-planning implant system comprising: the artificial tooth root implant comprises an artificial tooth root implant body, a coating, a dental crown, a bone grafting bin and a fixing piece. The artificial tooth root implant body comprises a foundation pile, a tooth neck and at least two tooth roots which are sequentially connected, and the at least two tooth roots are arranged along the circumference of the tooth neck so as to simulate the stress conduction characteristic of natural tooth grinding and the stress distribution characteristic of the tooth roots, and has stronger anti-rotation performance. The bone grafting bin is arranged between at least two tooth roots, and the fixing piece is matched with the bone grafting bin along the coronal direction or the buccal-lingual direction, so that good retention performance is provided for the implant, and the problem of poor initial stability is solved. The coating covers the outer surfaces of at least two tooth roots, and the coating can selectively have deformability, and medicines capable of diminishing inflammation and promoting growth are filled in the bone grafting bin, so that the long-term biological fixation can be further formed.

Description

Pseudo-root implant system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of dental implants, in particular to a tooth-simulated root implant system.

Background

One of the main ways to treat dentition defects or defects clinically is to use artificial dental implants. At present, a traditional implant is generally a single tooth root, is in a cylindrical or conical geometric shape with threads along the length direction of the tooth root, belongs to a revolving body structure, and is screwed into an alveolar bone by means of the threads to obtain initial stability. However, tooth mastication is a complex kinetic process that is required to withstand not only vertical biting forces but also lateral mastication forces. During the whole process, the molar region is subjected to relatively complex and large biting forces. The existing single-tooth root rotary implant obviously cannot well simulate the stress conduction characteristic of natural molar teeth and the stress distribution characteristic of tooth roots, and has relatively large defects in the aspects of rotation resistance and the like.

Furthermore, in the existing immediate implants, the shape of the traditional cylindrical or conical implant is quite different from the shape of the natural root, resulting in a morphological inconsistency between the walls of the extracted socket bone and the implant, especially in the molar area, requiring extra hole preparation by the doctor. And, after the implant is implanted, gaps may occur in the edge region of the implantation site, initial stability is poor, and it is also necessary to implant periosteum and bone powder for preventing connective tissue or epithelial tissue from sinking in the gaps between the implant and the socket, and for allowing the implant and the bone wall of the socket to form bone ingrowth instead of fibrous ingrowth, improving long-term stability. It can be seen that the conventional implants are limited to provide only limited length, diameter and threads, and do not fully meet the needs of each patient.

In this regard, with the development of clinical knowledge and digitization technology, based on Computer Aided Design (CAD) and clinical Computed Tomography (CT), it is possible to simulate the geometric features of natural tooth roots or make specific modifications for solving the problems brought by conventional cylindrical or conical screw-shaped implants. However, although the design of the pseudo-root has a tooth implant structure which is consistent with the tooth extraction form, there are a number of advantages as described above, many natural tooth extraction processes have changed tooth extraction form, and the natural tooth extraction process is not matched with the design of the pseudo-root implant, so that the bone wall of the tooth slot is damaged during the implantation. In addition, these drawbacks eventually lead to breakage of the bone wall of the extraction socket, and there is a gap between the implant and the extraction socket, resulting in poor initial stability and seriously affecting the effect of the planting.

Accordingly, a new implant system is needed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a pseudo-tooth root implant system which aims to solve at least one of the problems that the pseudo-tooth root implant is difficult to implant and the initial stability is poor.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a root-planning implant system, comprising: a tooth-root-like implant body, a coating, a dental crown, a bone grafting bin and a fixing piece; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the pseudo-tooth root implant body comprises a foundation pile, a tooth neck and at least two tooth roots which are sequentially connected, and the at least two tooth roots are arranged along the circumferential direction of the tooth neck;

the coating covers the outer surfaces of the at least two roots;

the dental crown is sleeved on the foundation pile;

the bone grafting bin is arranged between the at least two tooth roots;

the fixing piece is arranged along the coronal direction, one end of the fixing piece is fixed in the foundation pile, and the other end sequentially penetrates through the dental neck and the bone grafting bin; or the fixing piece penetrates through the bone grafting bin along the cheek-tongue direction.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the fixing member includes a self-tapping screw; the self-tapping screw comprises a bone cement screw, a degradable screw, a shape memory alloy screw or a common metal screw.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, when the self-tapping screw is disposed along a coronal direction, the self-tapping screw is configured to:

one end of the self-tapping screw comprises a head and a neck which are connected, a groove is formed in the top surface of the head, and the groove is matched with the shape of a tool bit of the screwdriver; the neck is provided with a set taper, and the outer surface of the neck is provided with threads so as to be in threaded connection with the foundation pile;

the outer surface of the middle part of the self-tapping screw is provided with threads so as to be connected with at least the dental neck;

the other end of the self-tapping screw is provided with a plurality of flutes.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the foundation pile has a blind hole, and an opening of the blind hole faces the dental neck; the inner contour of the blind hole is matched with the outer contours of the head and the neck of the self-tapping screw, and threads are arranged on the inner wall of the blind hole at the positions corresponding to the neck.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the dental neck has a through hole, and the through hole is communicated with the blind hole; the self-tapping screw extends into the bone grafting bin through the through hole.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, two guide rings are oppositely arranged on a wall of the bone grafting bin; the self-tapping screw sequentially passes through the two guide rings so as to penetrate through the bone grafting bin.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, a guide ring thread is provided on an inner wall of the guide ring to be in threaded connection with the tapping screw.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, a through channel is provided between the two guide rings, and a channel thread is provided on an inner wall of the through channel to be in threaded connection with the tapping screw.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, when the self-tapping screw is disposed along a buccal-lingual direction, the self-tapping screw is configured to: the fixing piece further comprises a screw cap, wherein the screw cap is arranged close to the lingual side and is fixed in the alveolar bone; the self-tapping screw arranged along the cheek tongue direction is fixedly connected with the screw cap.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the thread on the self-tapping screw comprises a zigzag asymmetric thread, and the self-tapping screw is a full thread.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the length of the nut along the axial direction of the self-tapping screw ranges from 2mm to 3 mm.

Optionally, in the pseudo-tooth root implant system, the bone grafting bin is provided with a cavity, and at least one of natural tooth tissue, alveolar bone, dental bone powder and medicines is filled in the cavity.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the walls of the bone grafting bin and the coating are porous structures.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, a drug is attached in the porous structure; the medicine is used for diminishing inflammation or promoting bone growth.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the pseudo-root implant system further comprises a slow release film, wherein the slow release film covers the outer surface of the coating and/or the bone grafting bin; the drug is released through the slow release film.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the porosity of the coating ranges from 30% to 80%, and the pore size ranges from 100 microns to 1000 microns.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the thickness range of the coating is: 0.2 mm-2 mm.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, a portion of the coating is embedded into the pseudo-root implant body; wherein the thickness of the embedded portion is 0.1 mm-1 mm.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the coating is an elastic coating.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the root has a root neck and a root tip; the root tip is connected with one end of the root neck, and the other end of the root neck is connected with the dental neck; the root tip extends in an axial direction of the root neck.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, a tip pit structure is arranged on the top surface of the foundation pile; the cuspid structure simulates the crown

The shape of the surface, and the sharp angle of the surface is arc-shaped.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, a bottom surface of the foundation pile is connected with a top surface of the dental neck, and a bottom surface area of the foundation pile is smaller than a top surface area of the dental neck.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, a central axis of the foundation pile coincides with a central axis of the dental crown.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the dental crown includes a porcelain and a basal crown; wherein the porcelain covers the outer surface of the basal crown; the basal crown is provided with a groove, and the contour of the inner wall of the groove is matched with the contour of the foundation pile so that the dental crown is sleeved on the foundation pile.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the basal crown further has a platform; the platform surrounds the periphery of the groove and extends to the side far away from the groove so as to support the decorative porcelain.

Optionally, in the pseudo-root implant system, the platform and the basal crown are of an integral structure; alternatively, the platform is attached to the basal crown.

In summary, the present invention provides a root-planning implant system, comprising: the artificial tooth root implant comprises an artificial tooth root implant body, a coating, a dental crown, a bone grafting bin and a fixing piece. The artificial tooth root implant body comprises a foundation pile, a tooth neck and at least two tooth roots which are sequentially connected, and the at least two tooth roots are arranged along the circumference of the tooth neck so as to simulate the force transmission characteristic of natural tooth grinding and the stress distribution characteristic of the tooth roots, and occlusion stress is dispersed through multi-tooth-root arrangement, so that the artificial tooth root implant has stronger anti-rotation performance. The coating covers the outer surfaces of the at least two roots; the dental crown is sleeved on the foundation pile; the bone grafting bin is arranged between the at least two tooth roots.

Because the pseudo-root implant is easier to place in the extraction socket, the implant is fixed in the alveolar bone by the fixing piece and is matched with the bone grafting bin, so that the implant can be further stabilized. Wherein the fixing piece is arranged along the coronal direction, one end of the fixing piece is fixed in the foundation pile, and the other end sequentially penetrates through the dental neck and the bone grafting bin; or the fixing piece penetrates through the gap between the tooth roots along the cheek-tongue direction so as to penetrate through the bone grafting bin, and the problem of poor initial stability can be effectively solved. In addition, the filler in the bone grafting bin can diminish inflammation and promote growth, and is also beneficial to improving initial stability.

In addition, the coating may also have a certain deformability. In the implantation process, the difficulty of the artificial tooth root implant body entering the tooth extraction socket is reduced through the deformation of the coating, and the damage of the traditional interference connection to the tooth extraction socket is avoided. When the pseudo-tooth root implant body reaches the target position, the coating can recover a certain deformation amount, so that the pseudo-tooth root implant body is abutted with the tooth extraction socket, and the initial stability of implantation is further improved.

Therefore, the artificial tooth root implant system provided by the invention not only can realize the stress characteristic of simulating natural tooth grinding and disperse the occlusion stress, so that the stability of the implant is improved, but also can reduce rejection reaction, promote growth and improve the initial stability of the implant.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pseudo-root implant system in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pseudo-root implant body in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a crown in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bone grafting cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a bone grafting cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 6-8 are schematic illustrations of an arrangement of a fastener in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an arrangement of a fastener in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a fastener in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a fixing member according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments thereof in order to make the objects, advantages and features of the invention more apparent. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not drawn to scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, the structures shown in the drawings are often part of actual structures. In particular, the drawings are shown with different emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the various embodiments. It should be further understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in this specification are used merely for distinguishing between various components, elements, steps, etc. in the specification and not for indicating a logical or sequential relationship between the various components, elements, steps, etc., unless otherwise indicated.

To distinguish from the structural nomenclature of natural teeth, the definition of "crown", "neck", "root neck" and "root tip" in the pseudo-root implant system is herein: "crown" refers to the portion above the gums; "dental neck" refers to the portion covered by the soft tissue of the gums; "root" refers to the portion covered by alveolar bone; "root neck" refers to the portion from the crest of the alveolar ridge to between the root bifurcation; "root tip" refers to the remainder of the root after removal of the root neck.

To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this embodiment provides a root-planning implant system, please refer to fig. 1, comprising: the pseudo-root implant body 10, the coating 20, the crown 30, the bone graft compartment 40, and the fixture (not shown, see fig. 6-11).

Wherein, the artificial tooth root implant body 10 simulates the design of the anatomical structure of the natural tooth, is implanted into the alveolar bone, plays a supporting, retaining and stabilizing role for the crown 30, and bears the masticatory force of the tooth. The pseudo-root implant body 10 includes a foundation pile 101, a dental neck 102, and at least two roots 103, which are sequentially connected. Typically, molars typically have two or three roots. The number of the tooth roots 103 is not limited in this example, and the number of the tooth roots can be specifically determined according to the needs, but as shown in fig. 2, the at least two tooth roots 103 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the dental neck and are both connected with the dental neck 102, so as to achieve the effect of simulating the stress conduction characteristic of natural molar and the stress distribution characteristic of the tooth roots, and the occlusion stress is dispersed through the arrangement of multiple tooth roots 103, and meanwhile, the tooth root has strong anti-rotation performance. Wherein the foundation pile 101, the dental neck 102 and the at least two dental roots 103 may be integrally formed.

With continued reference to fig. 2, the root 103 simulates a natural root morphology, having a root neck 1031 and a root tip 1032. The root tip 1032 is connected to one end of the root neck 1031, and the opposite end of the root neck 1031 is connected to the dental neck 102; the root tip 1032 extends in the axial direction of the root neck 1031, i.e., the sidewall profile of the root tip 1032 approximates a smooth line. Because the root tip 1032' of the natural tooth is generally concave inward or outward, or has an irregular shape such as a curve, if the shape of the root tip 1032 is identical to that of the natural tooth root, the implantation into the cavity is not facilitated, and therefore, the flattening treatment is performed on the root tip 1032 by the root 103 provided in this embodiment in consideration of stress distribution and structural strength, so that the difficulty of implantation is reduced.

Further, the external profile surface of the abutment 101 is designed to conform to the crown body prominence of the mesial-distal and facial lingual aspects of the crown 30. The top surface of the abutment 101 is provided with a relief simulating the crown 30

The sharp corner of the surface is circular arc after being rounded, so that when the dental crown 30 is sleeved on the foundation pile 101, stress concentration is avoided, balanced stress is realized, uniform wall thickness of the dental crown 30 is facilitated, and the occurrence rate of ceramic collapse of the dental crown 30 is reduced. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 1, the central axis L of the foundation pile 101 coincides with the central axis L of the dental crown 30, so as to further ensure the stress balance of the foundation pile and the dental crown 30 and reduce the occurrence rate of ceramic collapse of the dental crown 30.

In addition, the outer contour (i.e., the gingival penetration contour) of the dental neck 102 is formed to simulate the natural dental neck contour. Immediately after implantation, the dental neck 102 can provide a point of gingival tissue attachment in time, reducing or avoiding gingival tissue atrophy, guaranteeing biological breadth. Also, the dental neck 102 is capable of establishing a soft tissue path while implanted, forming a soft tissue seal. That is, the dental neck 102 is attached to the soft tissue of the gum, and the slit is closed, so that food residues, bacteria, etc. are prevented from entering the dental root 103 through the slit, and the implant is more firmly fixed. Further, the bottom surface of the foundation pile 101 is connected with the top surface of the dental neck 102, and the bottom area of the foundation pile 101 is smaller than the top area of the dental neck 102. In other words, the top surface 1021 of the dental neck 102 is larger, the abutment 101 occupies only a part of the area, and the rest can support the crown 30 sleeved on the abutment 101. In addition, the area where the dental crown 30 is connected with the plane 1021 is preferably smaller than the plane 1021, so that the exposed area of the plane 1021 can contain redundant adhesive, prevent the adhesive from entering into the subgingival to cause inflammatory reaction, and can also be used for preventing food residues from entering into the subgingival to facilitate cleaning.

With continued reference to fig. 1-2, the coating 20 covers the outer surfaces of the at least two roots 103. The tooth root of the natural tooth is fixed in the tooth socket by the periodontal ligament, the main fiber of the periodontal ligament is distributed in the whole periodontal gap, one end is embedded with cementum, the other end is embedded with alveolar bone, and the thickness is about 0.15-0.38 mm. The present embodiment covers the outer surfaces of the at least two roots 103 with the coating 20. Further, the coating 20 has a porous structure of bone-like trabecula, and may have a disordered structure or an ordered structure. Wherein the aperture is 100-1000 microns, and the porosity is 30% -80%. Further, the coating 20 is a structure having short-term stability and long-term biostatic, and the thickness of the coating 20 is similar to the periodontal film thickness and may be 0.2 mm to 2 mm. Further, the coating 20 and the pseudo-tooth root implant body 10 are embedded into the outer surface of the pseudo-tooth root implant body 10, and the thickness of the embedded part is 0.1 mm-1 mm, so as to improve the bonding strength of the coating 20 and the body 10 and ensure the stability of implantation. And, the coating 20 wraps the outer surface of the tooth root 103, and an implant platform is formed at the most coronal of the coating 20, and the width of the platform is the thickness of the coating. In other words, the coating 20 covers the portion surrounded by the alveolar bone, typically, the portion outside the range of 0.5mm to 2mm from the crest of the alveolar bone, to reduce butterfly bone resorption of the alveolar bone around the implant platform, preventing the coating 20 from entering into the gingival tissue. I.e. after alveolar bone resorption, the coating 20 is not exposed outside the alveolar bone, into the gingival tissue, ensuring a stable soft tissue seal around the implant.

Typically, after removal of the diseased tooth, the remaining socket substantially conforms to the natural tooth, the socket neck is smaller in size, the bifurcation of the root causes the socket bottom to be larger, and the cone-shaped structure is presented. Such a construction can lead to difficulties in the implantation of the pseudo-root implant. Thus, to keep the socket edge unchanged, the present embodiment provides that the coating 20 is a rigid coating or an elastic coating. Optionally, the coating 20 material includes, but is not limited to, a titanium alloy material or a shape memory material. Further, if the coating 20 is made of a shape memory alloy material, such as nickel-titanium alloy, it has super elasticity and can recover deformation after deformation, i.e. is an elastic coating. The shape volume of the root 103 can be varied by virtue of its superelasticity and shape memory capabilities. If the titanium alloy material is used as the coating 20, the coating cannot be deformed, i.e., is a rigid coating.

The elastic coating is preferred in the embodiment, so that in the implantation process, the difficulty of the pseudo-tooth root implant body entering the tooth extraction socket is reduced through the deformation of the elastic coating, and the damage of the traditional interference connection to the tooth extraction socket is avoided. And after the artificial tooth root implant body reaches the target position, the elastic coating recovers the elastic deformation quantity and is abutted with the tooth extraction socket, so that the initial stability of implantation is improved. In addition, the deformation amount of each tooth root 103 can be the same or different, so that the implantation of the pseudo-tooth root implant is further improved, and the implantation difficulty is reduced.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the dental crown 30 is sleeved on the abutment 101. Further, the crown 30 mimics a natural crown to restore the chewing and aesthetic functions of a patient. The dental crown 30 includes a porcelain 301 and a basal crown 302. Wherein, in order to obtain a better aesthetic effect of the dental crown 30, the preformed ceramic blocks can be cut into the ceramic 301 with the outer contour matched with the base crown 302 by adopting the CAD/CAM technology, and then the ceramic 301 is attached to the base crown 302 by sintering with low-melting ceramic powder, or the ceramic 301 and the base crown 302 are bonded by using a resin cement so that the ceramic 301 covers the outer surface of the base crown 302. Further, the porcelain 301 has a uniform thickness, and the material includes, but is not limited to, feldspathic glass ceramic, lithium disilicate glass ceramic, or lithium disilicate glass ceramic. The base crown 302 material comprises zirconia.

Further, a groove 304 is provided at the bottom of the base crown 302, and the contour of the inner wall of the groove 304 is adapted to the contour of the foundation pile 101, so that the dental crown 30 is sleeved on the foundation pile 101. Optionally, the crown 30 is connected to the abutment 101 by a retainer pin or a resin cement. Furthermore, the crown 302 has a platform 303. The platform 303 surrounds the periphery of the recess 304 and extends to a side remote from the recess 304 to support the porcelain 301. Wherein the platform 303 is a part of the crown base 302, i.e. the platform 303 is integrally formed with the crown base 302, for example by cutting a material. Alternatively, the flat plate 303 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the groove 304 and connected to the porcelain 301, and also serves to support the porcelain 302, for example, by sintering or bonding. The cutting of the material with high hardness is difficult, and when the integrated structure is difficult to manufacture, the mode of singly manufacturing the platform and attaching the platform is more convenient. Preferably, the height of the platform 303 is 2mm, and the width of the platform is 0.7 mm, so as to realize the support of the ornamental porcelain 301 and improve the compressive resistance of the implant.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the bone grafting chamber 40 is disposed in the middle of the at least two tooth roots 103. The bone grafting bin 40 has a cavity 403 filled with at least one of natural dental tissue, alveolar bone, dental bone powder or medicine. Further, the natural dental tissue may be a diseased tooth. In the process of planting, the extracted affected teeth are subjected to glaze removal, cleaning and disinfection, and then crushed together with alveolar bone stripped by a prepared hole, and mixed with dental bone powder or some medicines with growth anti-inflammation effect are plugged into the bone grafting bin 40, so that bone tissue growth is facilitated, and meanwhile, autologous bone implantation is performed, so that rejection reaction can be reduced. Further, two guide rings 402 are disposed on the wall 401 of the bone grafting chamber 40 at intervals, and the two guide rings 402 are disposed opposite to each other, so that the fixing member can pass through the two guide rings 402 in sequence, penetrate through the bone grafting chamber 40, fix the implant body 10, and in addition, the guide rings 402 can also play a role in supporting the fixing member.

Further, the guide rings 402 have smooth inner and outer walls, and the fasteners can pass through the guide rings 402 in sequence, through the bone grafting cartridge 40, and are secured by contact with the guide rings 402. Alternatively, the inner wall of the guide ring 402 may be provided with guide ring threads to threadably couple with the fixture, thereby increasing stability. Or, a through channel is provided between the two guide rings 402, and a channel thread is provided on an inner wall of the through channel to be in threaded connection with the fixing member, so that the stability of the implant is further improved through dual fixation of the guide ring thread and the channel thread.

Generally, when the bone grafting cartridge 40 does not include a through channel, i.e., there is no solid structure between the two guide rings, the natural dental tissue, the alveolar bone, the dental bone powder, the medicine, or the like may be placed in the cavity 403 through the guide rings 402; when the bone grafting bin 40 includes a through channel, i.e., a solid structure for stabilizing the fixing member is disposed between the two guide rings 402, the through channel may be opened on a channel wall or a bin wall of the bone grafting bin 40, so that the natural dental tissue, the alveolar bone, the dental bone powder or the medicine, etc. may be placed into the bone grafting bin 40 or through a bin wall hole of the bone grafting bin 40. Wherein, preferably, the thickness of the bin wall 401 is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the guide ring wall is 0.3 mm.

Further, the cartridge wall 401 and the coating 20 are porous structures. The porous structure is composed of rods which are arranged regularly or irregularly, and the rods are treated before attaching medicaments, so that the rods are formed with microstructures such as grooves, pits and the like which can contain the medicaments. Further, holes or grooves can be formed on the rods of the porous structure through SLA corrosion, micro-arc oxidation or laser micro-engraving and other technologies, and then the pseudo-tooth root implant system is immersed into a drug solution or sprayed with drugs in a rotating way, so that the drugs are attached to the porous structure. Optionally, the medicament includes, but is not limited to,: 0.1% -0.2% chlorhexidine, povidone iodine collutory, antibiotic medicine or hydroxyapatite, etc., and can be used for treating or improving inflammation around tooth root, inducing bone growth, accelerating bone union, etc. In addition, the pseudo-root implant system further comprises a slow release film (not shown) covering the outer surface of the coating 20 and/or the bone grafting cartridge 40, and the slow release film has a plurality of micro-holes. After the pseudo-tooth root implant system is implanted, drug molecules are released through micropores on the surface of the slow-release film, and the drug is gradually released along with the decomposition of the slow-release film.

Referring to fig. 1 and 6-11, the fixing member 50 is used for fixing the body 10. And this embodiment provides two arrangements of the fasteners 50, one of which is shown in fig. 6-8, being a coronal retention. The coronal direction refers to a direction from the surface of the crown 30 toward the root 103. One end of the fixing member 50 is fixed in the foundation pile 101, and the other end sequentially penetrates the dental neck 102 and the bone grafting bin 40. Another arrangement is shown in fig. 9, which is a buccal lingual retention. The cheek-tongue direction refers to a direction pointing to one side of the tongue along one side of the cheek. The fixture 50 extends through the coating 20, the dental neck 102, and the bone grafting cartridge 40 in a facial lingual direction.

Further, as shown in fig. 6-8, a fastener channel is provided in the body 10. Wherein, a blind hole is provided in the foundation pile 101, the blind hole has a certain taper, and the inner wall profile of the blind hole is adapted to the outer profile of one end of the fixing member 50 fixed in the blind hole, so as to enhance the stability of implantation. The blind hole opens toward the dental neck 102 for securing one end of the fixture 50. A through hole is provided in the dental neck 102, which communicates with the blind hole. The fixture 50 can penetrate the dental neck 102 through the through hole. Optionally, the side walls of the blind hole and the through hole are provided with threads.

Meanwhile, the coating 20 covering the outer surface of the tooth root 103 is also provided with corresponding holes, so that the other end of the fixing piece extends out towards the bone grafting bin 40 and enters the alveolar bone for fixing through the two guide rings 402 of the bone grafting bin 40. Wherein, two guide rings 402 in the bone grafting cartridge 40 shown in fig. 4 are disposed opposite each other in a vertical direction, and can be used with the fixing member 50 shown in fig. 6-8.

As shown in fig. 9, the fastener 50' extends through the bone graft compartment 40 in a buclingual direction. Wherein, two guide rings 402 in the bone grafting bin 40 shown in fig. 5 are oppositely arranged along the transverse direction, and are divided into two parts of a cheek side and a tongue side, and can be matched with the fixing piece 50' shown in fig. 9 for use. Since the root 103 is used as a main force carrier of the implant, the fixing member 50 'penetrates the bone grafting chamber 40 through the two guide rings 402 to be fixed in the alveolar bone without touching the root 103 as much as possible to ensure the integrity of the root 103 when the fixing member 50' is assembled. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid the extension direction of the fixture 50' as much as possible and to leave a gap for completing the fixation when designing the tooth root 103.

It can be seen that the fixing member 50 provided in this embodiment well solves the problem of poor initial stability of the implant.

Further, the fixing member 50 includes a self-tapping screw. Wherein, the setting mode of the self-tapping screw comprises coronal direction and/or buccal lingual direction. As shown in fig. 10, the coronally disposed self-tapping screw is suitable for use in the construction shown in fig. 6-8. One end of the self-tapping screw comprises a head 501 and a neck 502 which are connected; the top surface of the head 501 is provided with a groove, and the shape of the head is matched with that of a screwdriver bit, so that the tapping screw can be screwed in conveniently. Wherein the groove comprises the following forms, but is not limited to: hexagonal, plum blossom-shaped, straight slot, cross slot head, straight slot composite cross slot head, cross slot composite cross slot head, etc. The neck 502 has a set taper, and the taper of the neck 502 mates with the taper in the blind hole in the foundation pile 101 to ensure retention of the self-tapping screw. In addition, the outer surface of the neck 502 is provided with threads, which are matched with the threads on the inner wall of the blind hole in the foundation pile 101, so that the self-tapping screw can be ensured to be fixed on the neck after entering the alveolar bone. The outer surface of the middle portion of the self-tapping screw disposed along the coronal direction is provided with threads 504 to connect with at least the dental neck 102.

In other words, a portion of the intermediate portion of the self-tapping screw disposed in the coronal direction is received in the through-hole of the dental neck 102 and is screwed with the dental neck 102; the remainder of the intermediate portion is secured in the bone graft compartment 40. Further, when the inner wall of the guide ring 402 of the bone grafting cartridge 40 is smooth, i.e., not provided with threads, the intermediate portion may pass directly through both guide rings 402. At this time, the intermediate portion abuts against the guide ring 402, and is supported. When the guide ring threads are provided on the inner wall of the guide ring 402 of the bone grafting chamber 40, the middle portion may be in threaded connection with the guide ring to be fastened and connected, thereby ensuring stability. Further, a through channel is provided between the two guide rings 402, and a channel thread is provided on an inner wall of the through channel, so that the through channel is connected with the middle portion by the thread, thereby further improving stability.

The other end 505 of the self-tapping screw, which is provided along the coronal direction, is provided with a plurality of flutes to tap a thread shape in the bone when the self-tapping screw is screwed in, so that the self-tapping screw is conveniently fixed in the alveolar bone, and the planting stability is ensured. Further, the self-tapping thread 504 is primarily used to access cancellous bone of an alveolar bone, and may have deep saw tooth asymmetric threads, or full threads.

As shown in fig. 11, a self-tapping screw with a lingual retainer and nut is suitable for use in the structure shown in fig. 9. Wherein the self-tapping screw fixed in the buccal-lingual direction penetrates the bone grafting bin 40. Two of the guide rings 402 in the bone grafting cartridge 40 can function to support the screw.

The nut is positioned on the lingual side and is used for fixing the pseudo-tooth root implant. Further, the screw includes a head 501', a screw neck 502' and a self-tapping thread 503'. The head 501' is mainly used together with a tool for screwing in a screw, and has a simple straight groove or cross groove structure, so that food residues can be cleaned conveniently; the screw neck 502' is a personalized design, and fits with the alveolar bone surface at a fixed position in the preoperative planning, so as to ensure the retention effect of the body 10. The self-tapping thread 503' is mainly used for entering the cortical bone of the alveolar bone, can be provided with shallow zigzag asymmetric threads and is full thread. The nut is locked with the self-tapping screw and wraps one end of the self-tapping screw to fix the body 10. The nut includes a body 505 'and a nut neck 504'. The body 505' is round and smooth, and the top surface of the body is arc-shaped, and the height of the body is 2 mm-3 mm, so that foreign body sensation in the mouth of a patient can be reduced. The nut neck 504' is also of a personalized design, fitting to the alveolar bone surface at the fixed location in the preoperative plan, ensuring the retention of the pseudo-root implant 10. Wherein, screw neck 502' and nut neck 504' fit the design with the alveolar bone, reduce clearance and food residue's adhesion after taking place, do benefit to oral hygiene.

Further, the self-tapping screw may be classified into a bone cement screw, a degradable screw, a shape memory alloy screw, and a general metal screw according to materials. The bone cement screw is of a hollow structure, the outer wall of the bone cement screw is of a metal structure, in the screw screwing process, the hollow channel is closed by the thin rod, after the screw reaches the ideal position of an alveolar bone, the thin rod continues to downwards by 1-2 mm, and then the thin rod is withdrawn. Bone cement is injected into the hollow channel and is diffused in the bone tissue area at the tail part of the screw, so that immediate fixation is realized, and the bone cement is suitable for initial bone stability of patients with poor bone quality.

The degradable screw is made of absorbable biodegradable materials, such as polylactic acid, which has good biocompatibility, is degraded into carbon dioxide and water to be discharged out of the body through a series of chemical reactions in the human body, does not cause inflammatory reaction and foreign matter rejection reaction of surrounding tooth socket tissues, and controls the mechanical property and degradation speed of the polylactic acid by adjusting the molecular weight of the polylactic acid material and selecting different polymerization modes and forming means so as to meet the requirement of initial fixation of the implant.

The shape memory alloy screw has different deformation capacities for different temperatures by regulating and controlling the temperature of the austenite-martensite transformation point of the shape memory material, the volume shape of the screw is changed by the action of external force, and after the screw is implanted into an ideal position in an alveolar bone, external stimulus is changed, the screw is restored to the original shape, and the contact area between the screw and an alveolar bone tissue and a guide ring is increased, so that the initial stability of the implant is enhanced.

The common metal screw and the solid metal structure are usually stainless steel, and the hardness and the strength of the screw are enhanced through surface modification. After the screw types are implanted for 3-6 months and the alveolar bone and the implant surface coating are fully combined, the shape memory alloy screw and the common metal screw are required to be pulled out, and the bone cement screw and the degradable screw are not required to be pulled out.

Further, during the implantation process, protecting the surface integrity of the cortical bone is a key to maintaining the stability of the screw, and on the premise of satisfying the strength, a smaller-sized screw, such as 1.4 mm-1.5 mm, is selected, and a thicker screw, such as 1.8 mm-2.0 mm, is used for patients with poor bone quality. At the same time, the tissue surrounding the retention screw needs to be kept clean.

In summary, the present embodiment provides a root-planning implant system, wherein the root-planning implant body includes a foundation pile 101, a dental neck 102 and at least two dental roots 103 connected in sequence, and the at least two dental roots 103 are disposed along the circumferential direction of the dental neck, so as to achieve the effect of simulating the stress conduction characteristic of natural molar and the stress distribution characteristic of dental roots, and have a strong anti-rotation performance. The coating covers the outer surfaces of the at least two roots 103, optionally with a certain elastic deformability, facilitating implantation of the body. The bone grafting bin 40 is arranged between the at least two tooth roots 103 and is matched with a retaining piece arranged in the coronal direction or the buccal-lingual direction, so that the problem of poor initial stability of the implant is solved. The bone grafting bin 40 may also include natural dental tissue therein to facilitate bone tissue growth and reduce rejection.

It should also be appreciated that while the present invention has been disclosed in the context of a preferred embodiment, the above embodiments are not intended to limit the invention. Many possible variations and modifications of the disclosed technology can be made by anyone skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technology, or the technology can be modified to be equivalent. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (26)

1. A pseudo-root implant system, comprising: a tooth-root-like implant body, a coating, a dental crown, a bone grafting bin and a fixing piece; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the pseudo-tooth root implant body comprises a foundation pile, a tooth neck and at least two tooth roots which are sequentially connected, and the at least two tooth roots are arranged along the circumferential direction of the tooth neck;

the coating covers the outer surfaces of the at least two roots;

the dental crown is sleeved on the foundation pile;

the bone grafting bin is arranged between the at least two tooth roots;

the fixing piece is arranged along the coronal direction, one end of the fixing piece is fixed in the foundation pile, and the other end sequentially penetrates through the dental neck and the bone grafting bin; or the fixing piece penetrates through the bone grafting bin along the cheek-tongue direction.

2. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 1, wherein the fixture comprises a self-tapping screw; the self-tapping screw comprises a bone cement screw, a degradable screw, a shape memory alloy screw or a common metal screw.

3. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 2, wherein the self-tapping screw, when disposed in a coronal direction, is configured to:

one end of the self-tapping screw comprises a head and a neck which are connected, a groove is formed in the top surface of the head, and the groove is matched with the shape of a tool bit of the screwdriver; the neck is provided with a set taper, and the outer surface of the neck is provided with threads so as to be in threaded connection with the foundation pile;

the outer surface of the middle part of the self-tapping screw is provided with threads so as to be connected with at least the dental neck;

the other end of the self-tapping screw is provided with a plurality of flutes.

4. A pseudo-root implant system according to claim 3, wherein the foundation pile has a blind hole and the blind hole opens towards the dental neck; the inner contour of the blind hole is matched with the outer contours of the head and the neck of the self-tapping screw, and threads are arranged on the inner wall of the blind hole at the positions corresponding to the neck.

5. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 4, wherein the dental neck has a through hole, the through hole being in communication with the blind hole; the self-tapping screw extends into the bone grafting bin through the through hole.

6. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 5, wherein two guide rings are oppositely arranged on the wall of the bone grafting bin; the self-tapping screw sequentially passes through the two guide rings so as to penetrate through the bone grafting bin.

7. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 6, wherein an inner wall of the guide ring is provided with guide ring threads to be screw-coupled with the self-tapping screw.

8. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 7, wherein a through channel is provided between the two guide rings, and an inner wall of the through channel is provided with a channel thread to be screw-coupled with the tapping screw.

9. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 2, wherein the self-tapping screw, when disposed in the buccal-lingual direction, is configured to: the fixing piece further comprises a screw cap, wherein the screw cap is arranged close to the lingual side and is fixed in the alveolar bone; the self-tapping screw is fixedly connected with the screw cap.

10. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 9, wherein the threads on the self-tapping screw comprise zigzag asymmetric threads and the self-tapping screw is full threads.

11. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 9, wherein the length of the nut in the axial direction of the self-tapping screw ranges from 2mm to 3 mm.

12. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 1, wherein the bone grafting bin has a cavity filled with at least one of natural dental tissue, alveolar bone, dental bone powder, and a drug.

13. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 1, wherein the walls of the bone grafting cartridge and the coating are porous structures.

14. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 13, wherein a drug is attached in the porous structure; the medicine is used for diminishing inflammation or promoting bone growth.

15. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 1, further comprising a slow release film covering the outer surface of the coating and/or the bone grafting bin; the drug is released through the slow release film.

16. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the coating ranges from 30% to 80%, and the pore size ranges from 100 microns to 1000 microns.

17. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the coating ranges from: 0.2 mm-2 mm.

18. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 17, wherein a partial thickness of the coating is embedded into the pseudo-root implant body; wherein the thickness of the embedded portion is 0.1 mm-1 mm.

19. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 1, wherein the coating is an elastomeric coating.

20. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 1, wherein the root has a root neck and a root tip; the root tip is connected with one end of the root neck, and the other end of the root neck is connected with the dental neck; the root tip extends in an axial direction of the root neck.

21. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 1, wherein the top surface of the foundation pile is provided with a pointed socket structure; the cuspid structure simulates the crown

The shape of the surface, and the sharp angle of the surface is arc-shaped.

22. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the foundation post meets the top surface of the dental neck and the area of the bottom surface of the foundation post is smaller than the area of the top surface of the dental neck.

23. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 1, wherein a central axis of the foundation pile coincides with a central axis of the crown.

24. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 1, wherein the crown comprises a porcelain and a basal crown; wherein the porcelain covers the outer surface of the basal crown; the basal crown is provided with a groove, and the contour of the inner wall of the groove is matched with the contour of the foundation pile so that the dental crown is sleeved on the foundation pile.

25. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 24, wherein the basal crown further has a platform; the platform surrounds the periphery of the groove and extends to the side far away from the groove so as to support the decorative porcelain.

26. The pseudo-root implant system according to claim 25, wherein the platform is of unitary construction with the basal crown; alternatively, the platform is attached to the basal crown.

Images