CN116055966A - Speaker and electronic device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a speaker and electronic equipment, the speaker includes: the shell comprises a front cavity and a rear cavity, and an acoustic outlet communicated with the front cavity; the sounding unit is arranged in the shell and is correspondingly arranged with the front cavity; the resonance structure is arranged in the front cavity and comprises a sound guiding port and a plurality of sound guiding channels communicated with the sound guiding port, and the sound guiding port is communicated with the front cavity.

Description

Speaker and electronic device

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of electronic equipment, and particularly relates to a loudspeaker and electronic equipment.

Background

In the related art, a mobile phone generally uses a side-emitting speaker module, that is, a speaker diaphragm vibrates in a direction perpendicular to a direction of an audio output port, which requires a side-emitting channel to form a front cavity.

However, although the effective bandwidth is expanded by the presence of the front cavity, formants are generated at the frequency range from 4kHz to 6kHz of the frequency response curve, human tooth tones and consonants are also present in the frequency range, and the tooth tones of the music played outside are obvious due to the existence of the formants, so that the audio playing effect is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a loudspeaker and electronic equipment, which can solve the technical problem that the audio playing effect of the loudspeaker in the related technology is poor.

In order to solve the technical problems, the application is realized as follows:

in a first aspect, the present application provides a loudspeaker comprising:

the shell comprises a front cavity and a rear cavity, and an acoustic outlet communicated with the front cavity;

the sounding unit is arranged in the shell and is correspondingly arranged with the front cavity;

the resonance structure is arranged in the front cavity and comprises a sound guiding port and a plurality of sound guiding channels communicated with the sound guiding port, and the sound guiding port is communicated with the front cavity.

In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising:

a loudspeaker as provided in the first aspect.

In the embodiment of the application, the speaker includes casing, sound generating unit and resonance structure, and sound generating unit and resonance structure all set up in the casing, and the casing includes front chamber and back chamber to be provided with on the casing with the play sound outlet that the front chamber is linked together, sound generating unit and front chamber are corresponding, and then the air vibration in the front chamber is promoted to the structure that takes place, produces the sound wave, and wears out by play sound outlet, thereby realizes the sound production.

And still be provided with resonance structure in the front chamber of casing, resonance structure includes sound guide mouth and a plurality of sound guide passageway, sound guide mouth and a plurality of sound guide passageway homogeneous phase intercommunication, and it can be direct intercommunication or indirect intercommunication, and the sound guide mouth still is linked together with the front chamber, and then the sound wave in the front chamber can enter into in a plurality of sound guide passageways through the sound guide mouth, thereby utilize the reflection of sound wave in a plurality of sound guide passageways, absorb the sound wave of target frequency, reduce the high-frequency peak in the frequency response curve, promote the effect of speaker audio playing.

Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a speaker provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a resonant structure in a speaker provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a resonant structure in a loudspeaker provided in one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a speaker provided in one embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a resonance structure in a speaker according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 1 to 5 reference numerals:

100 speakers, 110 shells, 112 front cavities, 114 rear cavities, 116 sound outlets, 120 sound producing units, 130 resonance structures, 132 sound guiding ports, 134 sound guiding channels, 136 common diaphragms, 138 coamings, 140 cover plates and 142 partition plates.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functionality throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

The features of the terms "first", "second", and the like in the description and in the claims of this application may be used for descriptive or implicit inclusion of one or more such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. Furthermore, in the description and claims, "and/or" means at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/", generally means that the associated object is an "or" relationship.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "inner," and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.

A speaker 100 and an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the present application provides a speaker 100 including: a housing 110, the housing 110 including a front cavity 112 and a rear cavity 114, and an acoustic port 116 in communication with the front cavity 112; the sounding unit 120 is arranged in the shell 110, and the sounding unit 120 and the front cavity 112 are correspondingly arranged; the resonance structure 130 is disposed in the front cavity 112, and the resonance structure 130 includes a sound guiding port 132 and a plurality of sound guiding channels 134 communicating with the sound guiding port 132, the sound guiding port 132 communicating with the front cavity 112.

In the embodiment of the application, the speaker 100 includes a housing 110, a sound generating unit 120 and a resonance structure 130, where the sound generating unit 120 and the resonance structure 130 are both disposed in the housing 110, the housing 110 includes a front cavity 112 and a rear cavity 114, and a sound outlet 116 that is communicated with the front cavity 112 is disposed on the housing 110, and the sound generating unit 120 corresponds to the front cavity 112, and the generation structure promotes air vibration in the front cavity 112 to generate sound waves, and the sound waves are penetrated out through the sound outlet 116, so as to realize sound production.

In dissipative systems, frictional power and elastic deformation energy are linearly related, and in order to increase dissipation, the usual approach is to increase energy density, which can be achieved with the use of the acoustic channel 134 in the resonant structure 130.

The resonance structure 130 includes a sound guiding port 132 and a plurality of sound guiding channels 134, where the sound guiding port 132 is communicated with the sound guiding channels 134, and may be directly or indirectly communicated, and the sound guiding port 132 is also communicated with the front cavity 112, so that sound waves in the front cavity 112 can enter the plurality of sound guiding channels 134 through the sound guiding port 132, and thus, reflection of the sound waves in the plurality of sound guiding channels 134 is utilized to absorb sound waves of a target frequency, reduce a high-frequency peak in a frequency response curve, and improve an audio playing effect of the speaker.

The sound generating unit 120 includes a diaphragm, and the vibration of the diaphragm vibrates air in the front cavity 112 to form sound waves, and the sound outlet 116 propagates to the outside of the speaker 100.

And, the target frequency channel can be 4kHz to 6 kHz's frequency channel, and the resonance structure 130 that adopts in this application can realize under less space occupation, absorbs 4kHz to 6kHz frequency channel formant's sound wave energy, reduces the tooth sound part energy in the replay audio, promotes audio playback effect, promotes user's listening.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, as a possible embodiment, the resonant structure 130 further includes: and a co-diaphragm 136 disposed at the sound guide port 132.

Specifically, the resonance diaphragm 136 is disposed at the sound guide port 132 of the resonance structure, and impedance matching is achieved by using resonance between the resonance diaphragm 136 and the incident sound wave, so as to improve the sound absorption efficiency of the whole resonance structure 130.

Wherein, the resonant frequency of the co-vibrating film 136 and the frequency band of the characteristic of needing sound absorption are suppressed, so that the target frequency band sound wave is in resonance coupling with the co-vibrating film 136. Due to the small-size characteristic of the sound guide opening 132, the propagation cross section of the sound wave at the sound guide opening 132 may be suddenly changed, so that impedance matching is affected, and by adding a layer of the co-vibrating film 136 at the sound guide opening 132, impedance matching is achieved by utilizing resonance between the co-vibrating film 136 and the incident sound wave, and the sound absorption efficiency of the resonance structure 130 is improved.

In addition, the resonance film 136 covers the sound guiding opening 132, the resonance film 136 may be made of metal or rubber, and the fixing manner may be to fix the resonance film 136 on the inner wall of the sound guiding opening 132 by using glue.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, as one possible embodiment, the sound outlet 116 is located at a side wall of the front cavity 112, and the resonant structure 130 is located at a side of the sound outlet 116 facing away from the rear cavity 114.

Specifically, the sound outlet 116 is disposed on a side wall of the front cavity 112 and is not opposite to the sound generating unit 120, so that the high-frequency sound wave can form a formant in the front cavity 112, thereby expanding an effective frequency band and improving the sound generating effect of the speaker 100.

In addition, the resonance structure 130 is disposed on the side of the sound outlet 116 away from the rear cavity 114, and the sound wave is transmitted from the front cavity 112 to the outside through the sound outlet 116, so that the resonance structure 130 is disposed on the side of the sound outlet 116 away from the rear cavity 114, so that the sound wave can enter the sound guide channel 134 through the sound guide opening 132 more conveniently, and the absorption effect of the resonance structure 130 on the sound wave of the target frequency band is improved.

And, such an arrangement allows the resonant structure 130 to be remote from the rear cavity 114, reducing the possibility of interaction between the resonant structure 130 and the rear cavity 114.

As one possible implementation, the plurality of sound guiding channels 134 are distributed along the direction of the sound outlet to the front cavity.

Specifically, the plurality of sound guiding channels 134 are distributed along the direction from the sound outlet to the front cavity, so that the thickness of the entire resonance structure 130 is thinner, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the speaker 100 and the volume of the speaker 100, and such resonance structure 130 can increase the thickness of the housing 110 and the structural strength of the speaker 100.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, as a possible embodiment, the sound guiding opening 132 is disposed on the side of the resonance structure 130 facing the rear cavity 114.

Specifically, the sound guiding port 132 is disposed on a side of the resonant structure 130 facing the rear cavity 114, that is, the sound guiding port 132 faces the sound generating unit 120, so that the sound waves enter the sound guiding channel 134 through the sound guiding port 132, and the absorption effect of the resonant structure 130 on the sound waves is improved.

And, such an arrangement allows the resonant structure 130 to be remote from the rear cavity 114, reducing the possibility of interaction between the resonant structure 130 and the rear cavity 114.

As one possible embodiment, the plurality of sound guide channels 134 are sequentially connected to form a bent shape.

Specifically, the plurality of sound guide channels 134 are sequentially connected, the sound guide channels 134 at the end are connected with the sound outlet 116, and the whole of the plurality of sound guide channels 134 is in a bent shape, so that under the condition of equal space occupation, the bent sound guide channels 134 have longer propagation distance, the reflection times of sound waves are increased, the absorption efficiency of sound waves of a target frequency is improved, viscous attenuation can be generated at the sound guide openings 132, and the bending positions of the bent sound guide channels 134, namely the connection positions of the adjacent sound guide channels 134, can also generate viscous attenuation, so that the equivalent sound velocity is reduced, the resonant frequency is reduced, the absorption performance of sound waves of the target frequency is improved, the high-frequency peak in a frequency response curve is reduced, and the audio playing effect of the loudspeaker 100 is improved.

Specifically, under the same space occupation, the bending-shaped sound guide channel 134 has a longer sound guide channel 134 relative to the structures such as the helmholtz cavity, etc., so that the same sound absorption effect is desired, the bending-shaped sound guide channel 134 has a smaller volume, occupies a smaller space, is beneficial to miniaturization of the loudspeaker 100 and lightening and thinning of the electronic equipment. Because the bending-shaped sound guide channel 134 is adopted, the thickness hminium of the resonant structure 130 is only two percent of the wavelength of the target resonant frequency, and the resonant structure 130 with the depth sub-wavelength can effectively reduce the structure thickness while achieving the sound absorption efficiency.

As a possible embodiment, the plurality of sound guiding channels 134 extend in the same direction.

Specifically, the extending directions of the plurality of sound guiding channels 134 are the same, so that the space occupation of the sound guiding channels 134 is reduced, the resonance structure can be miniaturized, and the volume of the speaker 100 can be reduced.

Wherein, the plurality of sound guiding channels 134 are distributed side by side, and adjacent sound guiding channels 134 are provided with openings at positions close to the end parts, so that the adjacent sound guiding channels 134 are communicated, and the same sound guiding channel 134 and adjacent sound guiding channels 134 at two sides are communicated at two ends of the same sound guiding channel, so that the plurality of sound guiding channels 134 form a bending shape.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, as a possible embodiment, the resonance structure 130 includes: a shroud 138 disposed on the housing 110; the cover plate 140 is covered on the coaming 138, and the sound guide opening 132 is arranged on the cover plate 140; a baffle 142 is disposed between the shroud 138 and the housing 110 and within the shroud 138 to form the angled sound guide channel 134.

Specifically, the resonant structure 130 includes the shroud 138, the cover plate 140 and the partition 142, where the shroud 138 is disposed on the housing 110, and the cover plate 140 is disposed on the shroud 138, so that the housing 110, the shroud 138 and the cover plate 140 enclose a space, and the partition 142 is disposed in the space, so that the space is divided into the bending-shaped sound guiding channels 134, that is, a larger space is divided into the bending-shaped sound guiding channels 134, which can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the resonant structure 130.

Wherein, the arrangement of the baffle 142 can promote the structural strength, increase the robustness of the system, reduce the possibility of structural failure.

The partition 142 is made of a hard material, such as plastic or metal.

The enclosure plate 138 and the partition plate 142 may be integrally formed, for example, by integrally molding or 3D printing, the enclosure plate 138 and the partition plate 142 are manufactured, and the cover plate 140 with the sound guide 132 is adhered to the enclosure plate 138 and the cover plate 140.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, the sound guiding opening 132 is located at one corner of the cover plate 140, and the sound guiding opening 132 is located at one end of the sound guiding channel 134.

Specifically, the sound guiding opening 132 is disposed at a corner of the cover 140, that is, the sound guiding opening 132 is disposed at a corner of the cover 140, so as to further increase the effective length of the sound guiding channel 134 and increase the absorption efficiency of the sound wave in the target frequency band.

Specifically, the sound wave in the front cavity 112 enters the plurality of sound guiding channels 134 formed by the folded space of the bending shape through the sound guiding opening 132 at one corner of the cover plate 140, and the viscous loss of the sound wave occurs not only at the sound guiding opening 132 but also at the corner by the bending shape structure, and the viscous loss such as the helmholtz resonator occurs mostly near the sound guiding opening 132. Therefore, compared with the helmholtz resonator structure, the bending-shaped sound guide channel 134 has larger viscous loss under the same volume, which means that at the same frequency point, the bending-shaped sound guide channel 134 needs smaller space than the resonance structure 130 in the related art, and the resonance frequency of the bending-shaped sound guide channel 134 is matched with the high-frequency formants in the frequency response curve of the loudspeaker 100 module, so that the intensity of the formants is reduced, the acoustic energy of the tooth sound part in the replay music is reduced, the replay effect of the loudspeaker 100 is improved, and the space utilization rate of electronic equipment is effectively improved.

The sound wave generated by the vibration of the vibrating diaphragm of the sound generating unit 120 reaches the sound guide channel 134 through the front cavity 112, resonance sound absorption of the plurality of bent sound guide channels 134 is utilized, high-frequency peaks in a frequency response curve are reduced, tooth sound part energy in audio is reduced, and the use experience of a user in using the audio played outside the electronic equipment is improved.

Compared with a Helmholtz resonant cavity, the bending-shaped multiple sound guide channels 134 in the loudspeaker 100 provided by the application reduce high-frequency resonance peaks by utilizing smaller volumes, and improve the audio frequency playing effect and the space utilization rate of the electronic equipment without increasing extra thickness, and meanwhile, the structural strength is enhanced due to the existence of the partition plate 142, the robustness of the system is improved, and the failure risk of the structure is reduced.

As shown in fig. 2 and 5, as one possible embodiment, a spacer 142 is connected to the shroud 138 at one end and spaced from the shroud 138 at the other end.

Specifically, one end of the baffle 142 is connected with the coaming 138, and the other end is spaced from the coaming 138, that is, the sound guide channels 134 on two sides of the baffle 142 form at least one U-shape, and the sound guide channels 134 form a folding space structure, so that the length of the sound guide channels 134 can be increased, and the absorption efficiency of target sound waves can be improved.

The sound waves can produce viscous attenuation at the distance between the baffle 142 and the coaming 138, and the sound absorption efficiency of the sound waves with the target frequency is improved.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the number of the partitions 142 is at least two, and at least two partitions 142 are disposed between the shroud 138 and the housing 110 at intervals to form the bent sound guide channel 134.

Specifically, the number of the separators 142 is at least two, and the at least two separators 142 are arranged at intervals, so that the utilization rate of space is improved, and the absorption efficiency of the target sound wave is improved.

The number of the separators 142 may be two, three, four, five, or the like, and the separators 142 may be straight-plate-shaped or curved, or the like.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, wherein adjacent baffles 142 are connected to opposite side walls of shroud 138, respectively.

Specifically, the adjacent separators 142 are respectively connected with two opposite side walls of the coaming 138, that is, the adjacent separators 142 are arranged in the coaming 138 in a staggered manner, so that the length of the sound guide channel 134 is further increased, and the absorption efficiency of the resonance structure 130 to sound waves of the characteristic frequency band is further improved.

Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, other sound guide channels 134 having curved paths, such as labyrinth spatial configurations, may also be constructed as appropriate.

The application provides an electronic device, comprising: the loudspeaker 100 as provided in the embodiment of the first aspect.

The electronic device provided by the present application, because of comprising the loudspeaker 100 as provided by the embodiment of the first aspect, has all the advantages of the loudspeaker 100 as provided by the embodiment of the first aspect, which are not stated here.

Specifically, while the external playing effect of the speaker 100 is improved, the speaker 100 utilizes the space in the electronic device in a minimized manner, so that the space utilization rate is effectively improved, and more possibilities are provided for other structures or sensor designs.

As one possible implementation, the electronic device includes a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a wearable device, a display, a sound, and the like.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the term "one embodiment", or "a particular embodiment", etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A loudspeaker, comprising:

the shell comprises a front cavity and a rear cavity, and an acoustic outlet communicated with the front cavity;

the sound generating unit is arranged in the shell and is correspondingly arranged with the front cavity;

the resonance structure is arranged in the front cavity and comprises a sound guide port and a plurality of sound guide channels communicated with the sound guide port, and the sound guide port is communicated with the front cavity.

2. The loudspeaker of claim 1, wherein the resonating structure further comprises:

and the co-vibrating diaphragm is arranged at the sound guide opening.

3. A loudspeaker according to claim 1, wherein,

the sound outlet is positioned on the side wall of the front cavity, and the resonance structure is positioned on one side of the sound outlet, which is away from the rear cavity.

4. A loudspeaker according to claim 3, wherein,

the plurality of sound guide channels are distributed along the direction from the sound outlet to the front cavity.

5. A loudspeaker according to claim 1, wherein,

the sound guide port is arranged on one side of the resonance structure, which faces the rear cavity.

6. A loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 5,

the plurality of sound guide channels are sequentially communicated to form a bending shape.

7. A loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 5,

the extending directions of the plurality of sound guide channels are the same.

8. The loudspeaker of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the resonant structure comprises:

the coaming is arranged on the shell;

the cover plate is covered on the coaming, and the sound guide opening is formed in the cover plate;

the baffle is arranged between the coaming and the shell and is positioned in the coaming so as to form the bending-shaped sound guide channel.

9. A loudspeaker according to claim 8, wherein,

one end of the partition board is connected with the coaming, and the other end of the partition board is spaced from the coaming.

10. An electronic device, comprising:

a loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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