CN116055966A - Speakers and Electronics - Google Patents
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- CN116055966A CN116055966A CN202310144637.7A CN202310144637A CN116055966A CN 116055966 A CN116055966 A CN 116055966A CN 202310144637 A CN202310144637 A CN 202310144637A CN 116055966 A CN116055966 A CN 116055966A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
- H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本申请属于电子设备技术领域,具体涉及一种扬声器和一种电子设备。The present application belongs to the technical field of electronic equipment, and in particular relates to a loudspeaker and an electronic equipment.
背景技术Background technique
在相关技术中,手机一般应用侧出声的扬声器模组,即扬声器振膜的振动方向垂直于出音口方向,这就需要引入一个侧出声的通道,形成前腔。In related technologies, mobile phones generally use speaker modules that emit side sound, that is, the vibration direction of the speaker diaphragm is perpendicular to the direction of the sound outlet, which requires the introduction of a side sound channel to form a front cavity.
但是,虽然前腔的存在拓展了有效带宽,但同时在频响曲线的4kHz到6kHz频段产生了共振峰,人类的齿音以及辅音也存在于该频段,共振峰的存在使得外放音乐的齿音明显,导致音频播放的效果较差。However, although the existence of the front cavity expands the effective bandwidth, at the same time, a formant is generated in the 4kHz to 6kHz frequency band of the frequency response curve, and human dental sounds and consonants also exist in this frequency band. The sound is obvious, resulting in poor audio playback effect.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本申请旨在提供一种扬声器和电子设备,能够解决相关技术中扬声器的音频播放效果差的技术问题。The present application aims to provide a loudspeaker and electronic equipment, which can solve the technical problem of poor audio playback effect of the loudspeaker in the related art.
为了解决上述技术问题,本申请是这样实现的:In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the application is implemented as follows:
第一方面,本申请提供了一种扬声器,包括:In a first aspect, the present application provides a loudspeaker, including:
壳体,壳体包括前腔和后腔,以及与前腔相连通的出声口;a housing, the housing includes a front cavity and a rear cavity, and a sound outlet communicating with the front cavity;
发声单元,设置在壳体内,发声单元和前腔相对应的设置;The sounding unit is arranged in the casing, and the sounding unit is set correspondingly to the front cavity;
共振结构,设置在前腔内,共振结构包括导音口和与导音口相连通的多个导音通道,导音口和前腔相连通。The resonance structure is arranged in the front cavity. The resonance structure includes a sound guide port and a plurality of sound guide channels connected with the sound guide port, and the sound guide port is connected with the front cavity.
第二方面,本申请提供了一种电子设备,包括:In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including:
如第一方面提供的扬声器。The speaker as provided in the first aspect.
在本申请的实施例中,扬声器包括壳体、发声单元和共振结构,发声单元和共振结构都设置在壳体中,壳体包括前腔和后腔,并且,壳体上设置有和前腔相连通的出声口,发声单元和前腔相对应,进而发生结构促使前腔内的空气振动,产生声波,并由出声口穿出,从而实现发声。In the embodiment of the present application, the loudspeaker includes a casing, a sounding unit and a resonant structure, the sounding unit and the resonant structure are all arranged in the casing, the casing includes a front cavity and a rear cavity, and the casing is provided with a front cavity and a The connected sound outlet, the sound unit corresponds to the front chamber, and then the structure causes the air in the front chamber to vibrate, generate sound waves, and pass through the sound outlet, thereby realizing sound generation.
并且,在壳体的前腔内还设置有共振结构,共振结构包括导音口和多个导音通道,导音口与多个导音通道均相连通,其可以是直接连通或间接连通,并且,导音口还与前腔相连通,进而前腔中的声波可以通过导音口进入到多个导音通道中,从而利用声波在多个导音通道内的反射,吸收目标频率的声波,降低频响曲线中的高频峰,提升扬声器音频播放的效果。Moreover, a resonant structure is also provided in the front cavity of the housing, the resonant structure includes a sound guide port and a plurality of sound guide channels, and the sound guide port is connected to a plurality of sound guide channels, which can be directly connected or indirectly connected, Moreover, the sound guide port is also connected with the front cavity, and the sound waves in the front cavity can enter multiple sound guide channels through the sound guide port, so that the sound wave of the target frequency can be absorbed by the reflection of the sound wave in the multiple sound guide channels , reduce the high-frequency peak in the frequency response curve, and improve the effect of speaker audio playback.
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本申请的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
附图说明Description of drawings
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:
图1示出了本申请一个实施例提供的扬声器的剖视图;FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a speaker provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图2示出了本申请一个实施例提供的扬声器中共振结构的剖视图;FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a resonant structure in a speaker provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图3示出了本申请一个实施例提供的扬声器中共振结构的示意图;Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a resonant structure in a loudspeaker provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图4示出了本申请一个实施例提供的扬声器的剖视图;FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a speaker provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图5示出了本申请一个实施例提供的扬声器中共振结构的示意图。Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a resonant structure in a loudspeaker provided by an embodiment of the present application.
图1至图5附图标记:Figure 1 to Figure 5 reference signs:
100扬声器,110壳体,112前腔,114后腔,116出声口,120发声单元,130共振结构,132导音口,134导音通道,136共振膜,138围板,140盖板,142隔板。100 speaker, 110 shell, 112 front cavity, 114 rear cavity, 116 sound outlet, 120 sound unit, 130 resonance structure, 132 sound guide port, 134 sound guide channel, 136 resonance film, 138 enclosure plate, 140 cover plate, 142 partitions.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将详细描述本申请的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,仅用于解释本申请,而不能理解为对本申请的限制。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary, are only for explaining the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of this application.
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。此外,说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一,字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。The features of the terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. In addition, "and/or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/" generally means that the related objects are an "or" relationship.
在本申请的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“上”、“内”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "inner", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. It is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed, or operate in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the application.
在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。In the description of this application, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application in specific situations.
下面结合图1至图5描述根据本申请实施例的扬声器100和电子设备。A
如图1和图4所示,本申请提供了一种扬声器100,包括:壳体110,壳体110包括前腔112和后腔114,以及与前腔112相连通的出声口116;发声单元120,设置在壳体110内,发声单元120和前腔112相对应的设置;共振结构130,设置在前腔112内,共振结构130包括导音口132和与导音口132相连通的多个导音通道134,导音口132和前腔112相连通。As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the present application provides a
在本申请的实施例中,扬声器100包括壳体110、发声单元120和共振结构130,发声单元120和共振结构130都设置在壳体110中,壳体110包括前腔112和后腔114,并且,壳体110上设置有和前腔112相连通的出声口116,发声单元120和前腔112相对应,进而发生结构促使前腔112内的空气振动,产生声波,并由出声口116穿出,从而实现发声。In the embodiment of the present application, the
在耗散系统中,摩擦功率和弹性形变能量是线性相关,为了增大耗散,通常方法是增大能量密度,而利用共振结构130中的导音通道134可以达到这一目的。In a dissipative system, frictional power and elastic deformation energy are linearly related. In order to increase dissipation, the usual method is to increase energy density, which can be achieved by using the
共振结构130包括导音口132和多个导音通道134,导音口132与导音通道134均相连通,其可以是直接连通或间接连通,并且,导音口132还与前腔112相连通,进而前腔112中的声波可以通过导音口132进入到多个导音通道134中,从而利用声波在多个导音通道134内的反射,吸收目标频率的声波,降低频响曲线中的高频峰,提升扬声器音频播放的效果。The
其中,发声单元120包括振膜,振膜振动使得前腔112内的空气振动,形成声波,再有出声口116传播到扬声器100的外部。Wherein, the
以及,目标频段可以是4kHz到6kHz的频段,本申请中采用的共振结构130能够实现在较小空间占用下,吸收4kHz到6kHz频段共振峰的声波能量,降低重放音频中齿音部分能量,提升音频播放效果,提升用户的听感。And, the target frequency band can be the frequency band from 4kHz to 6kHz. The
如图4和图5所示,作为一种可能的实施方式,共振结构130还包括:共振膜136,设置在导音口132处。As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , as a possible implementation manner, the
具体地,在共振结构的导音口132处设置有共振膜136,利用共振膜136和入射的声波的共振,达到阻抗匹配,提升整个共振结构130的吸声效率。Specifically, a
其中,共振膜136的共振频率和需要吸声的特点的频段抑制,使得目标频段声波与共振膜136发生共振耦合。由于导音口132的小尺寸特性,可能导致声波在导音口132处的传播截面发生突变,影响阻抗匹配,通过在导音口132添加一层共振膜136,利用共振膜136与入射声波的共振,来达到阻抗匹配,提升共振结构130的吸声效率。Wherein, the resonant frequency of the
并且,共振膜136覆在导音口132处,共振膜136的材质可以为金属或者橡胶,固定方式可以利用胶水将共振膜136黏合固定于导音口132的内壁上。Moreover, the
如图1和图4所示,作为一种可能的实施方式,出声口116位于前腔112的侧壁,共振结构130位于出声口116背离后腔114的一侧。As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 , as a possible implementation, the
具体地,出声口116设置在前腔112的侧壁,并不正对发声单元120,进而高频声波可以在前腔112形成共振峰,拓展有效频带,提升扬声器100的发声效果。Specifically, the
并且,共振结构130设置在出声口116背离后腔114的一侧,由于声波的传递是有前腔112内通过出声口116向外部的,因此,将共振结构130设置在出声口116背离后腔114的一侧,可以更便于声波通过导音口132进入到导音通道134中,提升共振结构130对目标频段声波的吸收效果。And, the
以及,这样的设置方式使得共振结构130远离后腔114,降低共振结构130和后腔114之间的相互影响的可能性。And, such an arrangement makes the
作为一种可能的实施方式,多个导音通道134沿着出声口到前腔的方向分布。As a possible implementation manner, multiple
具体地,多个导音通道134沿着出声口到前腔的方向分布,使得整个共振结构130的厚度更薄,从而可以降低扬声器100的整体厚度,减少扬声器100的体积,并且,这样的共振结构130可以提升壳体110的厚度,提升扬声器100的结构强度。Specifically, a plurality of
如图1和图4所示,作为一种可能的实施方式,导音口132设置在共振结构130朝向后腔114一侧。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , as a possible implementation manner, the
具体地,导音口132设置在共振结构130朝向后腔114的一侧,也就是导音口132对着发声单元120,从而便于声波通过导音口132进入到导音通道134中,提升共振结构130对声波的吸收效果。Specifically, the
以及,这样的设置方式使得共振结构130远离后腔114,降低共振结构130和后腔114之间的相互影响的可能性。And, such an arrangement makes the
作为一种可能的实施方式,多个导音通道134依次相连通,形成折弯状。As a possible implementation manner, a plurality of
具体地,多个导音通道134依次相连通,位于端部的导音通道134和出声口116相连通,并且,多个导音通道134的整体形成折弯状,在同等的空间占用下,折弯状的导音通道134具有更长的传播距离,从而增加声波的反射次数,提升对目标频率声波的吸收效率,并且,不仅在导音口132会产生粘滞衰减,在折弯状的导音通道134的折弯处,也就是相邻导音通道134的连通处,也能够产生粘滞衰减,降低了等效声速,降低了共振频率,提升对目标频率声波的吸收性能,有利于降低频响曲线中的高频峰,提升扬声器100音频播放的效果。Specifically, a plurality of
具体地,在同等空间占用下,折弯状的导音通道134相对于亥姆霍兹腔体等结构,要具有更长的导音通道134,因此,想要做到同样的吸声效果,折弯状的导音通道134具有更小的体积,占用的空间更小,有利于扬声器100的小型化,有利于电子设备的轻薄化。其中,基于采用了折弯状的导音通道134,因此,共振结构130的厚度H最小仅为目标共振频率波长的二百分之一,这种深度亚波长的共振结构130能够在达到吸声效率的同时,有效减小结构厚度。Specifically, under the same space occupation, the curved sound-guiding
作为一种可能的实施方式,多个导音通道134的延伸方向相同。As a possible implementation manner, the extension directions of the plurality of
具体地,多个导音通道134的延伸方向相同,从而降低导音通道134的空间占用,可以使得共振结构小型化,减小扬声器100的体积。Specifically, the plurality of
其中,多个导音通道134并排的分布,相邻的导音通道134在靠近到端部的位置设置开口,从而使得相邻的导音通道134相连通,并且,同一导音通道134和两侧的相邻的导音通道134相连通的位置,位于其两端处,从而多个导音通道134形成折弯状。Wherein, a plurality of
如图1至图5所示,作为一种可能的实施方式,共振结构130包括:围板138,设置在壳体110上;盖板140,盖设在围板138上,导音口132设置在盖板140;隔板142,设置在围板138和壳体110之间,并位于围板138内,以形成折弯状的导音通道134。As shown in Figures 1 to 5, as a possible implementation, the
具体地,共振结构130包括围板138、盖板140和隔板142,围板138设置在壳体110上,盖板140盖设在围板138上,使得壳体110、围板138和盖板140围成一个空间,在该空间内设置有隔板142,从而将该空间分隔为折弯状的导音通道134,也就是将一个较大的空间分隔为折弯状的导音通道134,以上方式可以降低共振结构130的制造难度。Specifically, the
其中,隔板142的设置可以提升结构强度,增大系统的鲁棒性,降低了结构失效的可能性。Wherein, the setting of the
并且,隔板142采用硬质材料,例如塑料或金属等。Moreover, the
围板138和隔板142可以是一体式结构,例如通过一体化注塑或者3D打印等技术先将围板138和隔板142制作出来,再将带有导音口132的盖板140粘合在围板138和盖板140上。The
如图2、图3和图5所示,其中,导音口132位于盖板140的一个角落,导音口132位于导音通道134的一端。As shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , the
具体地,导音口132设置在盖板140的一个角落,也就是导音口132位于盖板140的一个角落,进而提升导音通道134的有效长度,提升对目标频段声波的吸收效率。Specifically, the
具体地,前腔112中的声波通过盖板140一隅的导音口132进入由折弯状的折叠空间的多个导音通道134中,利用折弯状的结构不仅会在导音口132发生声波的粘滞损耗,同时在拐弯处也会发生粘滞损耗,而如亥姆霍兹共振腔的粘滞损耗大部分发生在导音口132附近。因此,在相同容积下,折弯状的导音通道134相比亥姆霍兹共振腔结构,具有着更大的粘滞损耗,意味着在相同频率点,折弯状的导音通道134对比相关技术中的共振结构130需要更小的空间,通过将折弯状的导音通道134的共振频率与扬声器100模组频响曲线中高频共振峰相匹配,降低共振峰强度,减小重放音乐中齿音部分声波能量,提升扬声器100的重放效果,同时也有效提升了电子设备的空间利用率。Specifically, the sound wave in the
由发声单元120的振膜振动产生的声波经过前腔112到达导音通道134,利用折弯状的多个导音通道134的共振吸声,降低频响曲线中的高频峰,降低音频中齿音部分能量,提升用户使用电子设备外放音频的使用体验。The sound waves generated by the vibration of the diaphragm of the
对比亥姆霍兹共振腔,本申请提供的扬声器100中的折弯状的多个导音通道134利用更小的容积降低了高频共振峰,不增加额外厚度的同时,提升电子设备的音频外放效果及对空间利用率,同时因为隔板142的存在增强了结构强度,提升了系统的鲁棒性,降低了结构的失效风险。Compared with the Helmholtz resonant cavity, the bent multiple sound-guiding
如图2和图5所示,作为一种可能的实施方式,隔板142一端和围板138相连接,另一端和围板138相间隔。As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 , as a possible implementation manner, one end of the
具体地,隔板142的一端和围板138相连接,另一端和围板138相间隔,也就是隔板142两侧的导音通道134形成至少一个“U”型,导音通道134形成折叠空间的结构,进而可以提升导音通道134的长度,提升对目标声波的吸收效率。Specifically, one end of the
声波在经过隔板142和围板138相间隔处能够产生粘滞衰减,提升对目标频率声波的吸声效率。The sound wave can generate viscous attenuation at the space between the
如图1至图5所示,其中,隔板142的数目为至少两个,至少两个隔板142相间隔的设置在围板138和壳体110之间,以形成折弯状的导音通道134。As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the number of
具体地,隔板142的数目为至少两个,至少两个隔板142相间隔的设置,从而提升对空间的利用率,提升对目标声波的吸收效率。Specifically, the number of
其中,隔板142的数目可以是两个、三个、四个或五个等,并且,隔板142可以是直板状或弯曲状等。Wherein, the number of
如图2、图3和图5所示,其中,相邻的隔板142分别和围板138的相背的两侧侧壁相连接。As shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , the
具体地,相邻的隔板142分别和围板138的相背的两侧侧壁相连接,也就是相邻的隔板142错位的设置在围板138中,从而进一步地提升导音通道134的长度,进一步提升共振结构130对特点频段声波的吸收效率。Specifically, the
当然在本申请的其他实施例中,也可以根据实际情况构造成其他具有弯曲路径,例如迷宫空间构型的导音通道134。Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, other
本申请提供了一种电子设备,包括:如第一方面实施例提供的扬声器100。The present application provides an electronic device, including: the
本申请提供的电子设备,因包括如第一方面实施例提供的扬声器100,因此,具有如第一方面实施例提供的扬声器100的全部有益效果,在此不再一一陈述。The electronic device provided in the present application includes the
具体地,在提升了扬声器100外放效果的同时,扬声器100也最小化的利用电子设备中的空间,有效提升了空间利用率,为其他结构或者传感器的设计提供了更多的可能性。Specifically, while improving the
作为一种可能的实施方式,电子设备包括手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、可穿戴设备、显示器和音响等。As a possible implementation manner, the electronic device includes a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a wearable device, a display, an audio system, and the like.
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、或“具体实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, the description referring to the term "one embodiment" or "specific embodiment" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one implementation of the application. example or examples. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present application. The scope of the application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
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