CN116050865A - Planning method for hydrogen energy storage power station under seasonal time scale - Google Patents

Planning method for hydrogen energy storage power station under seasonal time scale Download PDF

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CN116050865A
CN116050865A CN202310001499.7A CN202310001499A CN116050865A CN 116050865 A CN116050865 A CN 116050865A CN 202310001499 A CN202310001499 A CN 202310001499A CN 116050865 A CN116050865 A CN 116050865A
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刘倩
贾健雄
靳幸福
胡晨
孙博
王馨
丁仕祺
任曦骏
阚正宇
孟晓星
徐冉
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State Grid Anhui Zhongxing Electric Power Design Institute Co ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a planning method of a hydrogen energy storage power station under a seasonal time scale, which comprises the following steps: collecting data and preprocessing; establishing a planning model of the seasonal time scale hydrogen energy storage power station; dividing the preprocessed data into K parts, performing K times of independent model training and verification, and finally taking an average value of K times of verification results as a verification error of a model; and (3) inputting historical load data and new energy output in different typical days into a trained planning model of the hydrogen energy storage power station in a seasonal time scale, and obtaining a planning method of the hydrogen energy storage power station in the seasonal time scale by taking the minimum total investment cost and running cost as targets. According to the invention, a long-short time scale mixed hydrogen energy storage system is constructed, a mixed time scale hydrogen-electricity combined energy storage system planning model considering technical economy is established, the factors considered in planning are closer to actual operation, and the planned result can obviously improve the planned technical economy benefit.

Description

Planning method for hydrogen energy storage power station under seasonal time scale
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system planning, in particular to a method for planning a hydrogen energy storage power station under a seasonal time scale.
Background
With the continuous grid connection of high-proportion renewable energy sources, the problems of uncertainty of output and unbalance of electric power and electric quantity of an electric power system caused by factors such as larger external influence are important problems faced by the current electric power system. At present, various means for adjusting unbalance of power supply and demand and electric quantity of a power system exist, wherein the traditional thermal power plant and the hydropower station are taken as main materials, the traditional thermal power plant has great influence on the environment, and the traditional thermal power plant does not accord with the current sustainable development road, so that the occupation ratio of the traditional thermal power plant is gradually reduced; hydropower stations are greatly limited by the development of natural resources and geographical locations. Thus, conversion of electrical energy to hydrogen energy for storage is currently the primary flexible regulating resource in electrical power systems.
However, most of the existing energy storage technology researches mainly consider the daily energy storage planning of a short time scale, and lack of the research on the energy storage planning of a long time scale. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for planning a hydrogen storage power station including a seasonal time scale including an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank and a fuel cell, which forms a long-short term collaborative energy storage strategy, and provides a solution with more scientificalness and engineering practicability for flexible resource balance in planning, designing, running control and optimizing scheduling of an electric power system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen energy storage power station planning method under a seasonal time scale, which is used for constructing a hydrogen energy storage system with mixed long and short time scales, establishing a hydrogen-electricity combined energy storage system planning model with mixed time scales considering technical economy, enabling factors considered by planning to be closer to actual operation, and remarkably improving the technical economy benefits of planning as a result of planning.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method of planning a hydrogen storage power station on a seasonal timescale, the method comprising the sequential steps of:
(1) Data are collected and preprocessed: collecting historical power load data and new energy power generation actual data, and predicting power loads and new energy power generation power of typical days in a planned horizontal year to obtain loads and new energy power generation power of typical days in the planned horizontal year;
(2) Establishing a planning model of the seasonal time scale hydrogen energy storage power station;
(3) Dividing the preprocessed data into K parts, wherein each subset is mutually disjoint and has the same size, sequentially selecting 1 part from the K parts as a verification set, using the rest K-1 parts as a training set, training and verifying a planning model of the K independent seasonal time scale hydrogen energy storage power station, and finally taking an average value of the K verification results as a verification error of the planning model of the seasonal time scale hydrogen energy storage power station;
(4) And (3) inputting historical load data and new energy output in different typical days into a trained planning model of the hydrogen energy storage power station in a seasonal time scale, and obtaining a planning method of the hydrogen energy storage power station in the seasonal time scale by taking the minimum total investment cost and running cost as targets.
In step (2), the objective function of the planning model of the seasonal time scale hydrogen storage power plant is to minimize the comprehensive annual cost C of the energy storage power plant ann Minimizing comprehensive annual cost C of energy storage power station ann Including equipment investment cost C inv Cost of operation and maintenance C ope And wind and light discarding punishment cost C pun The expression is as follows:
C ann ＝C inv +C ope +C pun (1)
wherein the equipment investment cost C inv The formula of (2) is shown as formula (2):
Figure BDA0004034978390000021
wherein: x is x q For capacity of q-class device c inv,q The unit investment cost of q-type equipment is given, and Nq is the number of types of q-type equipment; r is the discount rate; n (N) pl Planning the service years for the equipment;
operation and maintenance cost C ope The formula of (2) is shown as formula (3):
Figure BDA0004034978390000022
wherein: ni is the number of days of the planned horizontal year, and the value is 365; ns is the typical number of days; pi (k) is the occurrence probability of a typical day k;
Figure BDA0004034978390000023
for the unit electric energy expenditure of the purchase from the grid at time t, < >>
Figure BDA0004034978390000024
The unit electric energy cost of selling electricity from the power grid at the moment t;
Figure BDA0004034978390000025
for the 0-1 state variable purchased from the mains at time t,/>
Figure BDA0004034978390000026
A 0-1 state variable for selling electricity from a power grid at the moment t; p (P) k,t Is the kth typical daily load; nt is the number of time periods of a typical day;
wind and light discarding punishment cost C pun The formula of (2) is shown as formula (4):
Figure BDA0004034978390000031
wherein:
Figure BDA0004034978390000032
the abandoned wind and abandoned light power at time t in the typical day k; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000033
The unit of the time t in the typical day k is the wind and light discarding cost.
In step (2), the hydrogen storage power station comprises an electrolytic cell, a fuel cell and a hydrogen storage tank, and the planning model constraint condition of the seasonal time scale hydrogen storage power station comprises:
(3a) The upper limit and the lower limit of the input power of the electrolytic cell in each period are as follows:
Figure BDA0004034978390000034
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0004034978390000035
representing the input power of the electrolytic cell in the t period in a typical day k; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000036
Indicating the rated power of the electrolytic cell; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000037
The operation state of the electrolytic cell in the t period in the typical day k is represented, 1 represents operation, and 0 represents stop;
(3b) The time constraints of starting and stopping the electrolytic cell are as follows:
Figure BDA0004034978390000038
/>
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0004034978390000039
respectively representing the running states of the electrolytic cell in the t-1 time period and the k time period in a typical day k; TO represents the minimum start-up time allowed by the electrolyzer; TS represents the minimum shut-down time allowed by the electrolyzer;
(3c) The upper limit and the lower limit of the output power of the fuel cell in each period are obtained after large M normal linearization:
Figure BDA00040349783900000310
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA00040349783900000311
representing the output power of the fuel cell at the t-th period in a typical day k; />
Figure BDA00040349783900000312
Indicating the rated power of the fuel cell; />
Figure BDA00040349783900000313
Indicating the operation state of the fuel cell at the t-th period on the typical day k, 1 indicating operation, 0 indicating stop;
(3d) The continuous start-up and shut-down duration constraints of the fuel cell are:
Figure BDA0004034978390000041
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0004034978390000042
the operation states of the fuel cell equipment in the t-1 time period and the t time period in the typical day k are respectively represented as 0-1 binary variables; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000043
Indicating that the fuel cell is in an operating state; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000044
Indicating that the fuel cell is in an inactive state;
(3e) The energy state levels of the hydrogen storage tank during different periods of a typical day k are expressed as:
Figure BDA0004034978390000045
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0004034978390000046
representing the energy state level of the hydrogen storage tank in the t+1 time period in the typical day k; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000047
Representing an initial energy state level of the hydrogen storage tank on a typical day k; η (eta) ED Representing the power coefficient of the electrolytic cell; η (eta) FC Representing the power coefficient of the fuel cell; Δt is the hydrogen storage operation time interval; t 'represents the t' period, the value is 1-Nt, and Nt takes 24 hours; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000048
Respectively representing the operation power of the electrolytic tank and the hydrogen fuel cell in the period t' in the typical day k;
(3f) The hydrogen storage tank has equal hydrogen charging and discharging energy state levels within one year, and is expressed as:
Figure BDA0004034978390000049
(3g) In order to satisfy the supply and demand balance of the power system, namely, the balance of wind and light output and load power and the balance of charging and discharging power of each energy storage device, the power balance constraint needs to be satisfied in the t-th period of a typical day k:
Figure BDA00040349783900000410
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA00040349783900000411
respectively representing wind power output and photovoltaic output of a t-th period in a typical day k;
Figure BDA0004034978390000051
and->
Figure BDA0004034978390000052
The operation power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the electricity purchasing power from the upper electric network, the operation power of the electrolytic cell, the electricity selling power to the upper electric network and the load power in the t period of the typical day k are respectively shown.
According to the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: aiming at the characteristic of multiple time scales with flexibility requirements in a high-proportion renewable energy power system, the invention constructs a long-short time scale mixed hydrogen energy storage system, and establishes a mixed time scale hydrogen-electricity combined energy storage system planning model considering technical economy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage power station of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of wind, light, and power in a region;
FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of the hydrogen charging and discharging power in zone 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph of energy status of a hydrogen storage tank in a hydrogen storage power station in a certain region;
FIG. 5 is a timing diagram of electricity purchasing power of a hydrogen storage power station in a certain area.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a method for planning a hydrogen storage power station on a seasonal time scale includes the following steps in sequence:
(1) Data are collected and preprocessed: collecting historical power load data and new energy power generation actual data, and predicting power loads and new energy power generation power of typical days in a planned horizontal year to obtain loads and new energy power generation power of typical days in the planned horizontal year;
(2) Establishing a planning model of the seasonal time scale hydrogen energy storage power station;
(3) Dividing the preprocessed data into K parts, wherein each subset is mutually disjoint and has the same size, sequentially selecting 1 part from the K parts as a verification set, using the rest K-1 parts as a training set, training and verifying a planning model of the K independent seasonal time scale hydrogen energy storage power station, and finally taking an average value of the K verification results as a verification error of the planning model of the seasonal time scale hydrogen energy storage power station; empirically, K is generally taken as 10;
(4) And (3) inputting historical load data and new energy output in different typical days into a trained planning model of the hydrogen energy storage power station in a seasonal time scale, and obtaining a planning method of the hydrogen energy storage power station in the seasonal time scale by taking the minimum total investment cost and running cost as targets.
In step (2), the objective function of the planning model of the seasonal time scale hydrogen storage power plant is to minimize the comprehensive annual cost C of the energy storage power plant ann Minimizing comprehensive annual cost C of energy storage power station ann Including equipment investment cost C inv Cost of operation and maintenance C ope And wind and light discarding punishment cost C pun The expression is as follows:
C ann ＝C inv +C ope +C pun (1)
wherein the equipment investment cost C inv The formula of (2) is shown as formula (2):
Figure BDA0004034978390000061
wherein: x is x q For capacity of q-class device c inv,q The unit investment cost of q-type equipment is given, and Nq is the number of types of q-type equipment; r is the discount rate; n (N) pl Planning the service years for the equipment;
operation and maintenance cost C ope The formula of (2) is shown as formula (3):
Figure BDA0004034978390000062
wherein: ni is the number of days of the planned horizontal year, and the value is 365; ns is the typical number of days; pi (k) is the occurrence probability of a typical day k;
Figure BDA0004034978390000063
for the unit electric energy expenditure of the purchase from the grid at time t, < >>
Figure BDA0004034978390000064
The unit electric energy cost of selling electricity from the power grid at the moment t;
Figure BDA0004034978390000065
for the 0-1 state variable purchased from the mains at time t,/>
Figure BDA0004034978390000066
A 0-1 state variable for selling electricity from a power grid at the moment t; p (P) k,t Is the kth typical daily load; nt is the number of time periods of a typical day, typically taking 24 with 1 hour as one time period.
Wind and light discarding punishment cost C pun The formula of (2) is shown as formula (4):
Figure BDA0004034978390000067
wherein:
Figure BDA0004034978390000068
the abandoned wind and abandoned light power at time t in the typical day k; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000069
The unit of the time t in the typical day k is the wind and light discarding cost.
In step (2), the hydrogen storage power station comprises an electrolytic cell, a fuel cell and a hydrogen storage tank, and the planning model constraint condition of the seasonal time scale hydrogen storage power station comprises:
(3a) The upper limit and the lower limit of the input power of the electrolytic cell in each period are as follows:
Figure BDA0004034978390000071
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0004034978390000072
representing the input power of the electrolytic cell in the t period in a typical day k; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000073
Indicating the rated power of the electrolytic cell; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000074
The operation state of the electrolytic cell in the t period in the typical day k is represented, 1 represents operation, and 0 represents stop;
(3b) The time constraints of starting and stopping the electrolytic cell are as follows:
Figure BDA0004034978390000075
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0004034978390000076
respectively representing the running states of the electrolytic cell in the t-1 time period and the k time period in a typical day k; TO indicates that the electrolytic cell allowsA minimum allowable on time; TS represents the minimum shut-down time allowed by the electrolyzer;
(3c) The upper limit and the lower limit of the output power of the fuel cell in each period are obtained after large M normal linearization:
Figure BDA0004034978390000077
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0004034978390000078
representing the output power of the fuel cell at the t-th period in a typical day k; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000079
Indicating the rated power of the fuel cell; />
Figure BDA00040349783900000710
Indicating the operation state of the fuel cell at the t-th period on the typical day k, 1 indicating operation, 0 indicating stop;
(3d) The continuous start-up and shut-down duration constraints of the fuel cell are:
Figure BDA00040349783900000711
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0004034978390000081
the operation states of the fuel cell equipment in the t-1 time period and the t time period in the typical day k are respectively represented as 0-1 binary variables; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000082
Indicating that the fuel cell is in an operating state; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000083
Indicating that the fuel cell is in an inactive state;
(3e) The energy state levels of the hydrogen storage tank during different periods of a typical day k are expressed as:
Figure BDA0004034978390000084
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0004034978390000085
representing the energy state level of the hydrogen storage tank in the t+1 time period in the typical day k; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000086
Representing an initial energy state level of the hydrogen storage tank on a typical day k; η (eta) ED Representing the power coefficient of the electrolytic cell; η (eta) FC Representing the power coefficient of the fuel cell; Δt is the hydrogen storage operation time interval; t 'represents the t' period, the value is 1-Nt, and Nt takes 24 hours; />
Figure BDA0004034978390000087
Respectively representing the operation power of the electrolytic tank and the hydrogen fuel cell in the period t' in the typical day k;
(3f) The hydrogen storage tank has equal hydrogen charging and discharging energy state levels within one year, and is expressed as:
Figure BDA0004034978390000088
(3g) In order to satisfy the supply and demand balance of the power system, namely, the balance of wind and light output and load power and the balance of charging and discharging power of each energy storage device, the power balance constraint needs to be satisfied in the t-th period of a typical day k:
Figure BDA0004034978390000089
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure BDA00040349783900000810
respectively representing wind power output and photovoltaic output of a t-th period in a typical day k;
Figure BDA00040349783900000811
and->
Figure BDA00040349783900000812
The operation power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the electricity purchasing power from the upper electric network, the operation power of the electrolytic cell, the electricity selling power to the upper electric network and the load power in the t period of the typical day k are respectively shown.
Example 1
For this embodiment, the predicted planned horizontal annual 8760 hour wind power (photovoltaic) output and load demand are first input, clustered by the present invention, resulting in a typical daily payload demand. Selecting a certain region in the south of China for demonstration, wherein each source data is as follows: the installed capacities of wind and light are 200MW respectively, and the electric load (equivalent hydrogen load) is 300MW; the maximum allowable power of the power interconnection line between the upper power grid and the electric-hydrogen coupling system is 80MW. Because the load of the region has obvious seasonal characteristics, the clustering results are all of 4 types, and the time sequence diagram of the wind and light load of the typical day of the two regions shown in fig. 2 is obtained.
Meanwhile, the data are substituted into the hydrogen energy storage power station to carry out planning optimization, and specific planning operation parameters are shown in a table (a) and a table (b). Table (a) is the relevant parameters for each energy storage device (electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank and fuel cell), such as: investment cost per unit power/capacity, service life, discount rate, operation and maintenance cost per unit power, start and stop cost per unit, efficiency coefficient and the like; the meter (b) is the electricity price of electricity purchase and selling to the upper-level power grid, and the electricity purchase and selling price of the upper-level power grid is highest in 9:00-11:00 in the morning and 19:00-23:00 in the evening, because the electricity purchase and selling price of the upper-level power grid is lowest at the moment because the electricity system needs to purchase and sell to the upper-level power grid in order to maintain the electric power balance of the power grid in the ascent and descent period, and the electricity consumption of the user is stable in 0:00-8:00 in the morning, and the impact on the power grid is smaller.
Table (a) energy storage device related parameter table
Figure BDA0004034978390000091
Meter (b) electricity price meter of superior power grid in different time periods
Figure BDA0004034978390000092
According to the parameters, the invention performs planning simulation analysis on a platform with MATLAB R2018a of YALMIP/CPLEX12.8, and simulation results and analysis under two different scenes are as follows.
Through MATLAB simulation, a power timing diagram of each energy storage device can be obtained. Fig. 3 is a timing chart of the power of charging and discharging hydrogen for one year, fig. 4 is a level chart of the energy state of the hydrogen storage tank in different periods of one year, and fig. 5 is a timing chart of the power of purchasing and selling electricity to the upper power grid in one year of the energy storage power station. At the same time, the power/capacity and total cost of each energy storage device configuration is shown in table (c).
Table (c) regional hydrogen storage power station configuration Power/Capacity and Total cost summary Table
Figure BDA0004034978390000101
The data in the table (c) shows that the hydrogen storage tank is used as an energy storage device for long-time scale energy storage, the electrochemical energy storage of the energy storage device with the configuration capacity for short-time scale energy storage is much larger, in the scene, the configuration capacity of the hydrogen storage tank is about 1000 times of the configuration capacity of the electrochemical energy storage device, the hydrogen storage tank can be continuously charged for 371 hours under the condition of the initial state and the maximum output power of the electrolytic tank, and the hydrogen storage tank can be continuously discharged for 296 hours under the condition of the initial state and the maximum output power of the fuel cell; in addition, if all the power sources (namely, the upper power grid, wind-light output and electrochemical energy storage) except the hydrogen energy storage are invalid in the system, the hydrogen energy storage system can continuously supply electric energy to the load for 80 hours, and at the moment, the hydrogen energy storage system can support continuous 80 hours of power supply in the area under the condition of no support.
In fig. 3, it can be found that the sum of the charging and discharging power of the hydrogen storage tank is not 0 every typical day, because the weight coefficient is not multiplied at this time, and the sum of the charging and discharging energy of the hydrogen storage tank in one year is 0 after the weight coefficient is multiplied, as shown in fig. 5, that is, the charging and discharging energy of the hydrogen storage tank in one year is equal, and the sum of the charging and discharging energy in one year is 0 although the charging and discharging energy in each time is different; in addition, the hydrogen energy storage system can maintain long time to charge and discharge hydrogen, and forms a long-short-term cooperative energy storage mechanism with electrochemical energy storage.
Meanwhile, it can be seen that the hydrogen energy storage system stores the rest energy of the power grid in summer and autumn, and converts the hydrogen energy into electric energy to be transmitted to the power grid when wind-light output in spring and winter is insufficient to meet load demands, and the detailed analysis is as follows:
(1) In spring, 1:00-6:00 is the cheapest period of purchasing electricity to the upper power grid in one day, and the load demand is smaller, at the moment, the load demand can be met by purchasing electricity to the upper power grid, so that redundant wind power output can be stored through a hydrogen energy storage system, at the moment, 8:00-10:00, 14:00 and 18:00-22:00, the upper power grid is more expensive in purchasing electricity, the wind power output is high, but the load demand is larger, the load demand is insufficient to meet the load demand, and therefore, in order to ensure the minimization of the cost, a part of electricity is purchased to the upper power grid, and meanwhile, the hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen energy storage system is converted into electric energy to be transmitted to the power grid, so that the safe and stable operation of the power grid is ensured;
(2) In summer, the period of least expensive electricity purchasing to the upper power grid in one day is taken as 1:00-3:00, 6:00 and 23:00, and the load demand is smaller, at the moment, the load demand can be met by purchasing electricity to the upper power grid, so that redundant wind power can be stored through a hydrogen energy storage system, and the period of more expensive electricity purchasing to the upper power grid is taken as 9:00-11:00 and 18:00-20:00, and the hydrogen is released from a hydrogen storage tank when a part of electricity is purchased to the upper power grid, and is converted into electric energy through a fuel cell to be transmitted to the power grid, so that the electric power and the electric quantity balance of the power grid are ensured;
(3) In autumn, 23:00-6:00 is the cheapest period of purchasing electricity to the upper power grid in one day, and the load demand is smaller, at the moment, the load demand can be met by purchasing electricity to the upper power grid, so that redundant wind power output can be stored through a hydrogen energy storage system, and in 22:00, the upper power grid is more expensive in purchasing electricity, and has certain wind and light output but insufficient load demand, so that when a part of electricity is purchased to the upper power grid, hydrogen is released from a hydrogen storage tank, and converted into electric energy through a fuel cell and transmitted to the power grid, so that the electric power and the electric quantity balance of the power grid can be ensured;
(4) In winter, 0:00-3:00 is the cheapest period of purchasing electricity to the upper power grid in one day, and the load demand is smaller, at the moment, the load demand can be met by purchasing electricity to the upper power grid, so that redundant wind power can be stored through a hydrogen energy storage system, at the moment, 4:00-10:00 and 17:00-21:00, although the power is more expensive, the wind power is not so much as to meet the load demand, at the moment, the maximum electricity is purchased to the upper power grid, hydrogen is released from a hydrogen storage tank, the electric energy is obtained through fuel of a fuel cell, and at the moment, the maximum allowable electricity is purchased to the upper power grid, and at the moment, the wind power remains under the condition of meeting the load demand, so that energy can be stored in the hydrogen storage tank.
As can be seen in fig. 4, the hydrogen storage system releases hydrogen gas in spring and winter to be converted into electric energy by the fuel cell to supply the electric power to the electric network to meet the load demand, and electrolyzes water by the electrolytic cell to convert the electric energy into hydrogen energy to be stored in the hydrogen storage tank in summer and autumn, and the initial hydrogen storage tank energy of one year is equal to the hydrogen storage tank energy of one year at the end, because the sum of the hydrogen storage tank charging and discharging energy of one year is 0.
In addition, the invention extends the energy state level in the four typical day hydrogen storage tanks to the energy state level in the hydrogen storage tank in one year, so that the four amplified curves are the energy state level change amplitude in the four typical day hydrogen storage tanks respectively, namely the energy state level change amplitude in the hydrogen storage tanks respectively under the condition of different seasons. Meanwhile, the energy state level curve of the typical day in spring has a descending trend, and the energy state level curve of the spring after extending to one season also has a descending trend, so that the same is true in winter; in summer, the energy state level curve has an ascending trend, and the same is true in autumn, because the energy state level change amplitude of a typical day represents the energy state level change amplitude of each day in a season, and the change amplitude of each day is consistent, so that the energy state level change amplitude and the energy state level change amplitude of each day have the same change trend.
It can also be seen from the figure that the rate of rise and fall is not uniform for each season, because the energy of charging and discharging hydrogen is different for each day for each season; in addition, the turning points of the curves can clearly show that the summer occupied time in one year in a certain region in the south is long, and the three are distributed in a balanced manner in spring, autumn and winter, and the sum of the proportion of the three is consistent with the proportion of the summer.
In fig. 5, since the wind-light output is 82% of the total output, the wind-light output can be sold to the upper power grid when the wind-light output is excessive, the wind power is supplied to the upper power grid when the wind-light output is insufficient, the stable and reliable operation of the power grid is ensured whenever the wind-light output is insufficient, and the amount of the purchased electric quantity in each period depends on the wind-light output, the load power, the hydrogen energy storage power and the constraint conditions of each device.
In summary, the invention builds a hybrid long-short time scale hydrogen energy storage system aiming at the multi-time scale characteristic of the flexibility requirement in the high-proportion renewable energy power system, and builds a hybrid time scale hydrogen-electricity combined energy storage system planning model considering technical economy.

Claims (3)

1. A planning method of a hydrogen energy storage power station under a seasonal time scale is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) Data are collected and preprocessed: collecting historical power load data and new energy power generation actual data, and predicting power loads and new energy power generation power of typical days in a planned horizontal year to obtain loads and new energy power generation power of typical days in the planned horizontal year;
(2) Establishing a planning model of the seasonal time scale hydrogen energy storage power station;
(3) Dividing the preprocessed data into K parts, wherein each subset is mutually disjoint and has the same size, sequentially selecting 1 part from the K parts as a verification set, using the rest K-1 parts as a training set, training and verifying a planning model of the K independent seasonal time scale hydrogen energy storage power station, and finally taking an average value of the K verification results as a verification error of the planning model of the seasonal time scale hydrogen energy storage power station;
(4) And (3) inputting historical load data and new energy output in different typical days into a trained planning model of the hydrogen energy storage power station in a seasonal time scale, and obtaining a planning method of the hydrogen energy storage power station in the seasonal time scale by taking the minimum total investment cost and running cost as targets.
2. The method for planning a hydrogen storage power station on a seasonal time scale according to claim 1, wherein: in step (2), the objective function of the planning model of the seasonal time scale hydrogen storage power plant is to minimize the comprehensive annual cost C of the energy storage power plant ann Minimizing comprehensive annual cost C of energy storage power station ann Including equipment investment cost C inv Cost of operation and maintenance C ope And wind and light discarding punishment cost C pun The expression is as follows:
C ann ＝C inv +C ope +C pun (1)
wherein the equipment investment cost C inv The formula of (2) is shown as formula (2):
Figure FDA0004034978380000011
wherein: x is x q For capacity of q-class device c inv,q Unit investment cost for q-class equipmentNq is the number of categories of q-type devices; r is the discount rate; n (N) pl Planning the service years for the equipment;
operation and maintenance cost C ope The formula of (2) is shown as formula (3):
Figure FDA0004034978380000021
wherein: ni is the number of days of the planned horizontal year, and the value is 365; ns is the typical number of days; pi (k) is the occurrence probability of a typical day k;
Figure FDA00040349783800000214
for the unit electric energy expenditure of the purchase from the grid at time t, < >>
Figure FDA0004034978380000022
The unit electric energy cost of selling electricity from the power grid at the moment t; />
Figure FDA0004034978380000023
For the 0-1 state variable purchased from the mains at time t,/>
Figure FDA0004034978380000024
A 0-1 state variable for selling electricity from a power grid at the moment t; p (P) k,t Is the kth typical daily load; nt is the number of time periods of a typical day;
wind and light discarding punishment cost C pun The formula of (2) is shown as formula (4):
Figure FDA0004034978380000025
wherein:
Figure FDA0004034978380000026
the abandoned wind and abandoned light power at time t in the typical day k; />
Figure FDA0004034978380000027
The unit of the time t in the typical day k is the wind and light discarding cost.
3. The method for planning a hydrogen storage power station on a seasonal time scale according to claim 1, wherein: in step (2), the hydrogen storage power station comprises an electrolytic cell, a fuel cell and a hydrogen storage tank, and the planning model constraint condition of the seasonal time scale hydrogen storage power station comprises:
(3a) The upper limit and the lower limit of the input power of the electrolytic cell in each period are as follows:
Figure FDA0004034978380000028
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure FDA0004034978380000029
representing the input power of the electrolytic cell in the t period in a typical day k; />
Figure FDA00040349783800000210
Indicating the rated power of the electrolytic cell;
Figure FDA00040349783800000211
the operation state of the electrolytic cell in the t period in the typical day k is represented, 1 represents operation, and 0 represents stop;
(3b) The time constraints of starting and stopping the electrolytic cell are as follows:
Figure FDA00040349783800000212
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure FDA00040349783800000213
respectively representing the running states of the electrolytic cell in the t-1 time period and the k time period in a typical day k; TO represents the minimum start-up time allowed by the electrolyzer; TS represents the minimum allowable for the electrolyzerA shutdown time;
(3c) The upper limit and the lower limit of the output power of the fuel cell in each period are obtained after large M normal linearization:
Figure FDA0004034978380000031
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure FDA0004034978380000032
representing the output power of the fuel cell at the t-th period in a typical day k; />
Figure FDA0004034978380000033
Indicating the rated power of the fuel cell; />
Figure FDA0004034978380000034
Indicating the operation state of the fuel cell at the t-th period on the typical day k, 1 indicating operation, 0 indicating stop;
(3d) The continuous start-up and shut-down duration constraints of the fuel cell are:
Figure FDA0004034978380000035
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure FDA0004034978380000036
the operation states of the fuel cell equipment in the t-1 time period and the t time period in the typical day k are respectively represented as 0-1 binary variables; />
Figure FDA0004034978380000037
Indicating that the fuel cell is in an operating state; />
Figure FDA0004034978380000038
Indicating that the fuel cell is in an inactive state;
(3e) The energy state levels of the hydrogen storage tank during different periods of a typical day k are expressed as:
Figure FDA0004034978380000039
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure FDA00040349783800000310
representing the energy state level of the hydrogen storage tank in the t+1 time period in the typical day k; />
Figure FDA00040349783800000311
Representing an initial energy state level of the hydrogen storage tank on a typical day k; η (eta) ED Representing the power coefficient of the electrolytic cell; η (eta) FC Representing the power coefficient of the fuel cell; Δt is the hydrogen storage operation time interval; t 'represents the t' period, the value is 1-Nt, and Nt takes 24 hours; />
Figure FDA00040349783800000312
Respectively representing the operation power of the electrolytic tank and the hydrogen fuel cell in the period t' in the typical day k;
(3f) The hydrogen storage tank has equal hydrogen charging and discharging energy state levels within one year, and is expressed as:
Figure FDA0004034978380000041
(3g) In order to satisfy the supply and demand balance of the power system, namely, the balance of wind and light output and load power and the balance of charging and discharging power of each energy storage device, the power balance constraint needs to be satisfied in the t-th period of a typical day k:
Figure FDA0004034978380000042
in the method, in the process of the invention,
Figure FDA0004034978380000043
respectively representing wind power output and photovoltaic output of a t-th period in a typical day k;
Figure FDA0004034978380000044
and->
Figure FDA0004034978380000045
The operation power of the hydrogen fuel cell, the electricity purchasing power from the upper electric network, the operation power of the electrolytic cell, the electricity selling power to the upper electric network and the load power in the t period of the typical day k are respectively shown. />
CN202310001499.7A 2023-01-03 2023-01-03 Planning method for hydrogen energy storage power station under seasonal time scale Pending CN116050865A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116822908A (en) * 2023-08-24 2023-09-29 福州凌渡科技有限公司 Multi-time-scale energy storage planning method and equipment capable of being rapidly solved

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116822908A (en) * 2023-08-24 2023-09-29 福州凌渡科技有限公司 Multi-time-scale energy storage planning method and equipment capable of being rapidly solved
CN116822908B (en) * 2023-08-24 2023-11-17 福州凌渡科技有限公司 Multi-time-scale energy storage planning method and equipment capable of being rapidly solved

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