CN116032414B - Modulation device for longitudinal polarization modulation of space electromagnetic wave and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Modulation device for longitudinal polarization modulation of space electromagnetic wave and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116032414B CN116032414B CN202310023648.XA CN202310023648A CN116032414B CN 116032414 B CN116032414 B CN 116032414B CN 202310023648 A CN202310023648 A CN 202310023648A CN 116032414 B CN116032414 B CN 116032414B
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of polarization modulation, in particular to a modulation device for longitudinal polarization modulation of space electromagnetic waves and a construction method thereof, wherein the modulation device comprises a device body, and a plurality of artificial micro-structure units with sub-wavelength dimensions are arranged in the device body; the method comprises the steps of designing a composite cell, designing phase distribution and repeating the above steps until the structure is completed, wherein the modulation device of the present disclosure firstly carries out polarization decomposition on incident polarized electromagnetic waves, then carries out polarization reconstruction on a propagation axis, and the reconstructed waves are still linear polarized waves, wherein the new linear polarized waves continuously rotate along with the increase of the propagation distance, which is convenient for executing user-defined polarization modulation; at the same time the present disclosure provides a highly integrated small volume modulation device that optimizes the prior art bulky spatial modulator.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of polarization modulation, in particular to a modulation device for longitudinal polarization modulation of space electromagnetic waves, and also relates to a construction method.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
The polarization state of an electromagnetic plane wave lies in an x-y plane perpendicular to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave and can be described by a second order jones matrix comprising two components, x and y. Conventional polarization modulation is limited to lateral operation in x-y two-dimensional planes, and the polarization state of the output electromagnetic wave is unchanged in each x-y plane along the propagation direction, i.e., the elements in the jones matrix describing the polarization state are unchanged, only the overall phase retardation changes. Longitudinal polarization modulation is defined as modulating the polarization state of a spatial electromagnetic wave along the propagation direction, characterized by a different polarization state of the output electromagnetic wave in each x-y plane. The variable characteristic of the polarization state along with the distance has potential application in the fields of electromagnetic communication, electromagnetic ranging, variable dielectric polarization and the like.
However, techniques for modifying the element values of the two-dimensional jones matrix in each output x-y plane along the propagation path to obtain longitudinal polarization modulation remain under investigation, with the prior art resorting to bulky spatial modulators, and the prior art is primarily directed at optical bands with wavelengths below the infrared.
Based on this, it is highly desirable for those skilled in the art to provide a spatial modulator that can achieve longitudinal polarization modulation in the electromagnetic band of wavelengths Gao Yuyuan infrared.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventors found through research that: the longitudinal polarization modulation is characterized in that the polarization states of the output electromagnetic waves on each x-y plane are different, and in the field of electromagnetic communication, if the polarization states of each point on a signal transmission path are different, the difficulty of decoding intercepted information can be enhanced, and the information confidentiality is facilitated; in the field of electromagnetic ranging, if a beam of electromagnetic waves with variable longitudinal polarization is emitted to a measured object, any movement of the object causes a change in the distance of the reflected electromagnetic waves, and further causes a change in the polarization state, the displacement of the object can be calculated, but the realization of the object is limited in an optical band with a wavelength lower than infrared rays by using a bulky spatial modulator.
The application aims to provide a modulation device for longitudinal polarization modulation of a space electromagnetic wave and a construction method thereof, which solve the technical problem that the prior art can not provide a space modulator capable of realizing longitudinal polarization modulation in an electromagnetic wave band of wavelength Gao Yuyuan infrared; and simultaneously solves the problem of huge volume of the spatial modulator in the prior art.
According to one aspect of the disclosure, a modulation device for longitudinal polarization modulation of a spatial electromagnetic wave, which performs polarization reconstruction at an output end after performing polarization decomposition on an input linear polarized electromagnetic wave, comprises a device body, wherein a plurality of artificial micro-structure units with sub-wavelength dimensions are arranged in the device body.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of constructing a modulation device, comprising the steps of:
step 1, designing a composite cell, wherein the composite cell is composed of 4 identical subunits, the two subunits respectively decompose an incident ray polarized electromagnetic wave into a beam of left-handed circularly polarized wave and a beam of right-handed circularly polarized wave, and different phase delays are respectively applied, and a transfer Jones matrix T of the composite cell is as follows:
wherein C is a constant andi is an imaginary unit, T L (Z) and T R (Z) represents the transfer Jones matrix of the left-hand circular polarization and the right-hand circular polarization components with the propagation distance Z, respectively,>and->The phase delays of the left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized components, respectively, and +.>
Step 2, designing phase distribution, and controlling an LCP component and an RCP component by adopting different phase distribution, wherein the phase distribution for controlling a left-handed circular polarization component and a right-handed circular polarization component is respectively as follows:
phi in LCP And phi RCP Respectively representing the phase distribution of the left-hand circular polarization component and the right-hand circular polarization component, lambda is the working wavelength,is the distance, θ, from a point on the subsurface to the center of the subsurface L For the angle theta between the designed left-hand circular polarization component transmission path and the Z axis R An included angle between a transmission path of the right-hand circular polarization component and a Z axis is designed, and theta L ≠θ R ；
And 3, repeating the steps 1-2 until the construction is completed.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, the step 1 specifically includes: the basic subunits for controlling the left-handed circular polarization component and the right-handed circular polarization component have six types, and the relative retardation coverage areas of the six types of basic subunits are as follows: 0-2 pi.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the tolerance for phase delay is
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step 2 further includes recombining the left-hand circularly polarized component and the right-hand circularly polarized component on the propagation axis to form a plurality of new linearly polarized waves.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a plurality of the new linearly polarized waves exhibit a rotational change with increasing propagation distance Z.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the angle of the swivel change is:
wherein a=1/cos θ L -1/cosθ R 。
Compared with the technology disclosed at present, the technology disclosed by the disclosure has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the modulation device of the present disclosure first performs polarization decomposition on an incident polarized electromagnetic wave, and then performs polarization reconstruction on a propagation axis, where the reconstructed wave is still a linearly polarized wave, except that a new linearly polarized wave will continuously rotate as the propagation distance increases, which will facilitate the execution of user-defined polarization modulation; at the same time the present disclosure provides a highly integrated small volume modulation device that optimizes the prior art bulky spatial modulator.
Drawings
For a clearer description of an embodiment of the application, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings, which are used or referred to in the following description, for the sake of clarity only to some embodiments of the application, and from which other drawings can be obtained without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device subunit of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a composite cell of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the phase distribution of the left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized components required to construct the device of the present application and a schematic diagram of the device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a corresponding sample scanning electron microscope of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a functional schematic of the device of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the intensity distribution of the electric field of the transmitted light spot according to the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the polarization state of an output electromagnetic wave detected at different propagation distances according to the present application.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-7 together, the present embodiment provides a modulation device for longitudinal polarization modulation of a spatial electromagnetic wave and a construction method thereof, which are all in a test use stage.
The present application will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which illustrative embodiments of the application are shown. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Unless defined to the contrary, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For a better understanding of the present disclosure, some terms in the present disclosure will now be explained collectively:
RCP: a right-handed circularly polarized component;
LCP: left-hand circular polarization component.
Structural embodiment
The embodiment at least comprises the following contents: the modulation device comprises a device body, wherein a plurality of artificial micro-structure units with sub-wavelength dimensions are arranged in the device body.
For better understanding of the modulation device of the present disclosure, a construction method based on the same concept is also provided, specifically as follows:
method embodiment
The embodiment at least comprises the following contents: the method for constructing the modulation device comprises the following steps: designing a subunit which performs linear-circular polarization conversion and has a working frequency point of 1.05THz by using a high-resistance silicon material; as shown in the attached figure 1, the subunit is a rectangular strip inclined by 45 degrees, and the structural height is h 1 =200 μm, substrate thickness h 2 The period constant is p=150μm, six sub-units are designed in total, the length and width structural parameters are shown in the following table 1, the six sub-units all perform linear-circular polarization conversion, the relative phase retardation of the six sub-units covers 0-2pi, and the phase retardation tolerance is thatFurther, the six sub-units are rotated by 90 degrees, so that the spiral states of the circular polarization are opposite, for example, the circular polarization is changed into LCP from RCP; then, the subunits controlling opposite circular polarization are combined into a composite cell with a period size of 2p=300 μm in a pairwise same crossed arrangement, and reference is made to fig. 2;
TABLE 1 structural parameters
| Subunit serial number | 1 st | 2 nd | 3 rd | 4 th | 5 th | 6 th |
| Wide (mu m) | 36 | 48 | 52 | 54 | 56 | 60 |
| Long (mum) | 62 | 62 | 64 | 72 | 92 | 114 |
Wherein the transfer jones matrix T of the composite cells is described as:
wherein C is a constant andi is an imaginary unit, T L (Z) and T R (Z) represents the transfer Jones matrix of the left-hand circular polarization and the right-hand circular polarization components with the propagation distance Z, respectively,>and->The phase delays of the left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized components, respectively, and +.>
Further, the composite cells are arranged into complete devices according to the following phase distribution:
phi in LCP And phi RCP Respectively representing the phase distribution of the left-hand circular polarization component and the right-hand circular polarization component, lambda is the working wavelength,is the distance, θ, from a point on the subsurface to the center of the subsurface L For the angle theta between the designed left-hand circular polarization component transmission path and the Z axis R An included angle between a transmission path of the right-hand circular polarization component and a Z axis is designed, and theta L ≠θ R In this embodiment, it is preferable that: sin theta L =0.38 and sin θ R =0.27, device diameter 1.5cm, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.
Still further, the modulating device designed through the foregoing steps recombines the LCP component and RCP component of the incident linearly polarized electromagnetic wave on the Z-axis propagation path to form new linearly polarized waves, which continuously rotate with increasing propagation distance Z, and the rotation angle relative to the original input linearly polarized waves is:
wherein a=1/cos θ L -1/cosθ R 。
Wherein the device function is schematically illustrated in fig. 5.
With further reference to fig. 6, the output wave is a bessel beam with a spot diameter of about 300 μm, which approximates the size of a complete composite cell in the center of the device, and the polarization detection test results at different propagation distances are shown in fig. 7, it can be seen that the polarization state of the output electromagnetic wave is rotated continuously, covering exactly 180 ° with the propagation distance from z=8 mm to z=19 mm.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a modulating device of vertical polarization modulation of space electromagnetic wave, modulating device carries out polarization reconstruction at the output after carrying out polarization decomposition with input linear polarization electromagnetic wave, its characterized in that includes the device body, be provided with the artifical microstructure unit of a plurality of subwavelength scales in the device body, include:
the composite cell consists of 4 subunits which are the same in pairs, wherein the two subunits respectively decompose incident ray polarized electromagnetic waves into a beam of left-handed circularly polarized waves and a beam of right-handed circularly polarized waves, and different phase delays are respectively applied, and a transfer Jones matrix T of the composite cell is as follows:
wherein C is a constant andi is an imaginary unit, T L (Z) and T R (Z) represents the transfer Jones matrix of the left-hand circular polarization and the right-hand circular polarization components with the propagation distance Z, respectively,>and->The phase delays of the left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized components, respectively, and +.>
Different phase distributions are used to control the LCP component and the RCP component, wherein the phase distributions to control the left-hand circularly polarized component and the right-hand circularly polarized component are:
phi in LCP And phi RCP Respectively representing the phase distribution of the left-hand circular polarization component and the right-hand circular polarization component, lambda is the working wavelength,is the distance, θ, from a point on the subsurface to the center of the subsurface L For the angle theta between the designed left-hand circular polarization component transmission path and the Z axis R An included angle between a transmission path of the right-hand circular polarization component and a Z axis is designed, and theta L ≠θ R 。
2. A method of constructing a modulation device, comprising the steps of:
step 1, designing a composite cell, wherein the composite cell is composed of 4 identical subunits, the two subunits respectively decompose an incident ray polarized electromagnetic wave into a beam of left-handed circularly polarized wave and a beam of right-handed circularly polarized wave, and different phase delays are respectively applied, and a transfer Jones matrix T of the composite cell is as follows:
wherein C is a constant andi is an imaginary unit, T L (Z) and T R (Z) represents the transfer Jones matrix of the left-hand circular polarization and the right-hand circular polarization components with the propagation distance Z, respectively,>and->The phase delays of the left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized components, respectively, and +.>
Step 2, designing phase distribution, and controlling an LCP component and an RCP component by adopting different phase distribution, wherein the phase distribution for controlling a left-handed circular polarization component and a right-handed circular polarization component is respectively as follows:
phi in LCP And phi RCP Respectively representing the phase distribution of the left-hand circular polarization component and the right-hand circular polarization component, lambda is the working wavelength,is the distance, θ, from a point on the subsurface to the center of the subsurface L For the angle theta between the designed left-hand circular polarization component transmission path and the Z axis R An included angle between a transmission path of the right-hand circular polarization component and a Z axis is designed, and theta L ≠θ R ；
And 3, repeating the steps 1-2 until the construction is completed.
3. The method of construction according to claim 2, wherein step 1 comprises: the basic subunits for controlling the left-handed circular polarization component and the right-handed circular polarization component have six types, and the relative retardation coverage areas of the six types of basic subunits are as follows: 0-2 pi.
4. A method of construction according to claim 3, wherein the tolerance of phase delay is
5. The method of claim 2, wherein step 2 further comprises recombining the left-hand circularly polarized component and the right-hand circularly polarized component on the propagation axis to form a plurality of new linearly polarized waves.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein a plurality of the new linearly polarized waves exhibit rotational variations as the propagation distance Z increases.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the angle of rotation change is:
wherein a=1/cos θ L -1/cosθ R 。
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| CN105785601A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-20 | 复旦大学 | Efficient microwave vortex light excitation device on basis of transmission geometric Bell phases of super-surface |
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| CN109863433A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-06-07 | 东莞理工学院 | Surpass the polarization generator and its design method on surface based on medium |
| WO2021196078A1 (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-07 | 深圳大学 | Device and method for regulating and controlling polarization state of light beam |
| CN115437057A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-12-06 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Geometric phase element and optical field space mode pi/2 conversion device |
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| CN109000798B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-11-22 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of Polarization Modulation structure and polarization measurement system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105785601A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-20 | 复旦大学 | Efficient microwave vortex light excitation device on basis of transmission geometric Bell phases of super-surface |
| CN107340559A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-10 | 北京理工大学 | High efficiency and broad band circular polarization switching device and method based on super clever surface |
| CN109863433A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-06-07 | 东莞理工学院 | Surpass the polarization generator and its design method on surface based on medium |
| WO2021196078A1 (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-07 | 深圳大学 | Device and method for regulating and controlling polarization state of light beam |
| CN115437057A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-12-06 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Geometric phase element and optical field space mode pi/2 conversion device |
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