CN116032247A - Multi-amplification-channel active common-mode interference filter and control method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-amplification-channel active common-mode interference filter and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
- H02M1/123—Suppression of common mode voltage or current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic compatibility, in particular to a multi-amplification-channel active common-mode interference filter and a control method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a main circuit, a common-mode voltage detection network module, a multi-channel reverse amplification network module and a compensation current injection module; the invention aims to adopt a multi-amplification channel voltage detection current compensation active electromagnetic interference filter to solve the problem of poor interference suppression effect caused by the fixed unit gain bandwidth of an operational amplifier when a single-amplification channel AEF is used. The multi-amplification channel can enable the reverse amplification network in the VSCC-AEF structure to work under different reverse amplification conditions, and enable the operational amplifier in the reverse amplification network to maintain unit gain when passing through the common-mode voltage of each frequency, so as to detect the common-mode voltage waveform with complete frequency and obtain the compensation current waveform with complete expression of each frequency, and enable the VSCC-AEF to obtain better working effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic compatibility, in particular to a multi-amplification-channel active common-mode interference filter and a control method thereof, which are suitable for the problem that a circuit system is influenced by overlarge common-mode interference caused by a large number of coupling stray components contained in an electric terminal.
Background
Electric energy is becoming a new energy source and gradually becomes the center of the current energy system, and the full utilization of the electric energy is an important ring for realizing clean production and green industry. Power electronic converters are receiving extensive attention and research from students as core devices for power conversion, and because of the development of high frequency, high power and high energy density of power electronic devices, the power electronic devices can obtain required power and simultaneously cause serious electromagnetic interference (EMI Electromagnetic Interference) problems. Electromagnetic interference is commonly found in inverter systems and EMI can be distinguished into radiated interference and conducted interference, depending on the path of propagation of the EMI, wherein conducted interference is a form of interference in which an interference source is transmitted in the form of voltage or current to an interfered object through a coupling loop. Non-ideal factors in the system can generate common mode noise sources, such as a large number of coupling loops of motor shell stray capacitance to ground, inverter stray capacitance to ground and the like in a motor dragging system, so that the system comprises a large amount of common mode conduction interference. Common mode conduction interference can cause damage to the insulation structure and motor bearings of the motor, so that suppression of common mode interference in an inverter system is an important research direction for improving the electromagnetic environment of the whole circuit.
Researchers in practical engineering applications often add filtering devices to the circuitry to block the coupling path of conducted interference or to suppress interference by reducing conducted emissions from the source of interference. The conventional passive electromagnetic interference filter (Passive EMI Filter, PEF) such as a common mode choke coil, an LCL type filter, etc. is difficult to reduce the volume and weight while ensuring the power density of the system, and has many limitations when it is used in a scene where the space utilization requirement is high, such as a new energy automobile, a motor-driven ship, etc. The transmission can be reduced to a certain extent by improving the modulation mode of the inverter, such as adopting a spread spectrum modulation technology, or redesigning a circuit board for a circuit element and improving the packaging mode of the element, but the two modes can increase the complexity and the cost of the design of the main circuit, and the design can only be carried out for a specific scene in a targeted way, so that the universality is difficult to ensure. The active electromagnetic interference filter (Active EMI Filter, AEF) can suppress interference by extracting common-mode interference and mutually canceling the component injection circuit with opposite propagation directions of the original interference and the original component, and the coil, the transformer and other elements which enable the system to have larger volume change are not adopted, so that the system volume is not increased basically, and the operating characteristics of the active electromagnetic interference filter which is externally hung on the main circuit enable the active electromagnetic interference filter to have a rich use prospect. However, since the operational amplifier in the conventional AEF structure has a fixed unit gain bandwidth, and AEF does not work under the unit gain condition for a long time, the gain change can bring about the change of the working bandwidth, so that common mode interference in a complete frequency band (150 khz-30 mhz) cannot be detected normally, and further, a compensation component with complete frequency cannot be generated as required, so that the suppression effect of common mode interference is poor. The unoptimized AEF has weak common mode interference rejection capability and poor reliability, and the invention is intended to improve the same.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the limitation of the existing AEF on the common-mode interference compensation effect, and provides a multi-amplification-channel active common-mode interference filter.
The invention aims to adopt a multi-amplification channel voltage detection current compensation (Voltage sense current compensate, VSCC) active electromagnetic interference filter to solve the problem of poor interference suppression effect caused by the fixed unit gain bandwidth of an operational amplifier when a single-amplification channel AEF is used. The multi-amplification channel can enable the reverse amplification network in the VSCC-AEF structure to work under different reverse amplification conditions, and enable the operational amplifier in the reverse amplification network to maintain unit gain when passing through the common-mode voltage of each frequency, so as to detect the common-mode voltage waveform with complete frequency and obtain the compensation current waveform with complete expression of each frequency, and enable the VSCC-AEF to obtain better working effect.
The technical problems of the invention are mainly solved by the following technical proposal:
a multi-amplification channel active common-mode interference filter comprising:
the main circuit comprises: the common mode interference conduction loop is formed by the equivalent common mode impedance grounding of the motor at the output side of the inverter and the coupling capacitor of the inverter to the ground;
common mode voltage detection network module: the method comprises the steps of extracting and reducing according to a certain proportion, and generating waveforms in the same form as the common-mode voltage as the input voltage of the improved AEF;
multichannel reverse amplification network module: the negative feedback amplifying circuit is used for forming a negative feedback amplifying circuit which can maintain unit gain through input impedance under different frequency conditions, and is used for carrying out reverse action on common-mode voltage sub-channels in a wide frequency range so as to expand the common-mode voltage frequency range which can be detected by AEF;
and the compensation current injection module is used for: the compensation current with complete frequency is generated and injected into the grounding terminal of the main circuit, so that the compensation current and the common mode current are mutually offset to inhibit common mode interference.
In the above-mentioned multi-amplification-channel active common-mode interference filter, the main circuit includes an inverter and a line impedance stabilizing network LISN connected in parallel to the dc side of the inverter; DC power supply generated by rectifying circuitU DC The positive and negative stages are connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the LISN, the LISN is output to the three-phase full-bridge inverter, and the three-phase inverter inputs the serial capacitance between the positive electrode and the negative electrodeC 1 、C 2 The midpoint of the two capacitors is grounded and used as a power neutral point O; three-phase full-bridge inversion comprises S a 、S b 、S c Three bridge arms, wherein an SVPWM modulation mode is used for driving the inverter to operate, and the modulation ratio is set to be 0.85; inverter output three-phase alternating current passes through motor equivalent common mode impedanceZ motor The three output lines of the three bridge arms of the inverter respectively pass through three coupling capacitors to the groundC p Accessing a ground wire; wherein, the equivalent common mode impedance of the motorZ motor Coupling capacitors with three pairs of groundC p The parallel total impedance is the equivalent common mode total impedance of the systemZ LOAD ；
Equivalent common mode impedance of motorZ motor One phase of (a) contains a capacitorC m1 =900 pF, andC m1 series-connected resistive loadRL 11 Its resistance value is 60 omega, its capacitance value is 48uH, andRL 11 series-connected resistive loadRL 12 Its resistance value is 3Ω, its capacitance value is 2.7uH, andRL 11 parallel capacitorC m11 =400 pF and resistorR 11 =822 Ω, andRL 12 parallel capacitorC m12 =33.3 pF and resistorR 12 =1500pF；
Construction and motor equivalent common mode impedanceZ motor Two-phase equivalent impedance with same phase structure and three-phase equivalent impedance are connected in parallel to form complete motor equivalent common mode impedanceZ motor ；
Equivalent common mode impedance of motorZ motor Each single phase is respectively connected with an equivalent coupling capacitor of an inverter output three-phase line to the ground in parallelC p1 、C p2 、C p3 Form the equivalent common mode total impedance of the systemZ LOAD, wherein C p =C p1 =C p2 =C p3 =3.3pF；
The compensation current injection module comprises a multi-stage push-pull circuit, a multi-stage output resistor and an isolation capacitor, wherein the input end of the first-stage push-pull circuit is connected with an operational amplifier in the multi-channel reverse amplification network moduleOP 21 An output end of the (C) is connected with an output resistorR 41 。
In the multi-amplification-channel active common-mode interference filter, all operational amplifiers are AD826/AD; the connection mode of the rest multistage push-pull circuits is the same as that of the first stage push-pull circuit, and the input ends are respectively connected with the operational amplifierOP 21 To an operational amplifierOP 2n The output ends of (2) are respectively connected with the output resistorR 42 To the point ofR 4n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Multiple stages of output resistorsR 41 To the point ofR 4n The other end of the capacitor is connected in parallel to one point to connect an isolation capacitorC 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Isolation capacitorC 3 The other end is grounded to form a complete compensation loop.
In the multi-amplification-channel active common-mode interference filter, the common-mode voltage detection network module uses three resistors with equal resistance values respectively connected in parallel to three phase lines of the full-bridge inverterR 0 =3kΩ, andR 0 series resistorR 1 =10kΩ、R 2 =1kΩ acquisition of common mode voltage detection value;
resistance is toR 2 One end grounded and the other end connected to the operational amplifierOP 1 Positive input pole of (a), operational amplifierOP 1 The negative input end of the voltage follower is connected with the output end to form the voltage follower; operational amplifierOP 1 The driving voltage is switched in to + -15V.
The multi-amplification channel active common mode interference filterThe wave device, the multichannel reverse amplifying network module includes an operational amplifierOP 21 To an operational amplifierOP 2n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Amplifying resistorR 31 To an amplifying resistorR 3n ；
Operational amplifierOP 21 Negative input end connection system equivalent common mode impedanceZ LOAD The positive input end is grounded, and the output electrode is amplified by the amplifying resistorR 31 Is connected with the negative input end; operational amplifierOP 21 The driving voltage is accessed to +/-15V; operational amplifierOP 22 To an operational amplifierOP 2n Is connected with the operational amplifierOP 21 The same, its amplified resistance value is replaced withR 32 To the point ofR 3n 。
A method of controlling a multi-amplification channel active common mode interference filter, comprising:
when the main circuit is not connected with the improved AEF, the main circuit is connected with the improved AEF throughZ motor The total current of the ground isI CM1 Via capacitorC p The total current of the ground isI CM2 The total current flowing into the neutral point of the LISN through the ground wire isI LISNs The total mode current of the system isI CM, wherein I CM1 +I CM2 =I LISNs =I CM Forming a common mode interference conduction loop; wherein,Z motor with three coupling capacitorsC p The parallel total impedance is the equivalent common mode total impedance of the systemZ LOAD There isU CM /Z LOAD =I CM ；
When the improved AEF is connected to the main circuit, the common-mode voltage detection network module is used for extracting and shrinking according to a certain proportion, and generating waveforms in the same form as the common-mode voltage as the input voltage of the improved AEF; the multi-channel reverse amplification network module performs reverse action on common-mode voltage sub-channels in a wide frequency range by using an operational amplifier; the compensation current injection module obtains and gathers compensation currents of all channels by applying the voltage generated by the multi-channel reverse amplification network module on an output resistor, and injects the summarized currents into a main circuit grounding terminal to offset the primary common mode current so as to inhibit common mode interference;
when the main circuit is connected with the improved AEF, the working process of the common-mode voltage detection network module is as follows: by means of three resistors with equal resistance values respectively connected in parallel to three phase lines of a full-bridge inverterR 0 And (3) withR 0 Series resistorR 1 、R 2 Collecting a common-mode voltage detection value; resistance is toR 2 The other end is grounded, resistanceR 2 Upper partial pressure value ofV sense, wherein kAs a resistor in an impedance networkR 2 The partial pressure ratio relation of (2) is:
k=12, resistorR 2 Partial pressure valueV sense Input operational amplifierOP 1 Is a positive input terminal of (a), an operational amplifierOP 1 The negative input end of the voltage follower is connected with the output end to form the voltage follower; the voltage follower voltage output value is the voltage value of the input multi-channel reverse amplification network moduleV IN Therein is provided withV IN =V sense =kU CM 。
In the above control method of the multi-amplification-channel active common-mode interference filter, a negative feedback amplification resistor is selectedR 3n Based on the input impedance of the intermediate operational amplifierZ LOAD The frequency is segmented by the variation trend, and each negative feedback amplifying resistorR 3n Operational amplifier input impedance corresponding to a frequency rangeZ LOAD An average value of the impedance of (a); respectively selectR 31 =260Ω、R 32 =112Ω、R 33 The frequency range of =72Ω corresponds to 150k to 600khz, 1m to 10m, 10m to 30m, and since three amplifying channels are enough to obtain a common-mode voltage with relatively complete frequency representation after reverse, the channel number isP=3。
In the above control method for a multi-amplification-channel active common-mode interference filter, when a main circuit is connected to an improved AEF, the multi-channel reverse amplification network module worksThe working process is as follows: operational amplifierOP 21 Negative input end connection system equivalent common mode impedanceZ LOAD Input ofV IN The positive input end is grounded, and the output end passes through an amplifying resistorR 31 Is connected with the negative input pole; operational amplifierOP 21 Access driving voltage ±V s The output voltage value is the voltage value of the input compensation current injection moduleV OUT1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Operational amplifierOP 22 To an operational amplifierOP 2n Connection mode and operational amplifierOP 21 The same, its amplified resistance value is respectively changed intoR 32 To the point ofR 3n The obtained output voltage values are respectivelyV OUT2 To the point ofV OUTn； wherein OP 21 To the point ofOP 2n The gains of (a) are respectivelyA 1 To the point ofA n ，n=1, 2,3, with:
the control method of the multi-amplification-channel active common-mode interference filter comprises the following working processes of the compensation current injection module: operational amplifier in multi-channel reverse amplification network moduleOP 21 Output voltage value of (2)V OUT1 Input to the input end of the first-stage push-pull circuit, and the output end of the first-stage push-pull circuit is connected with an output resistorR 41 I.e. the voltage valueV OUT1 Applied to the output resistorR 41 On the basis of the compensation currentI COMP1 。
In the above method for controlling a multi-amplification-channel active common-mode interference filter, the working process of the remaining multi-stage push-pull circuits is the same as that of the first-stage push-pull circuit, and the operational amplifier is used for amplifying the signalsOP 22 To an operational amplifierOP 2n Output voltage value of (2)V OUT2 To the point ofV OUTn Respectively applied to the output resistorsR 42 To the point ofR 4n On the other hand, a compensation current can be obtainedI COMP2 To the point ofI COMPn The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Order then=1, 2,3, with:
compensation current to be outputI COMP1 To the point ofI COMPn Parallel to one point and series connection isolation capacitorC 3 =2.2 uF, the isolation capacitor can be obtainedC 3 Is set to the total compensation current of (a)I COMP； wherein PFor a constant value, representing the number of improved AEF parallel stages, there are:
make the compensation currentI COMP Can counteract common mode current, needs to makeI COMP =-I CM The following steps are:
according to formula (5) and combineR 3n The output resistors are respectively set asR 41 =65Ω，R 42= 28Ω，R 43 =18Ω; compensating the total output currentI COMP Is connected to the ground line, and the common mode interference conduction loop of the system is provided withI CM1 +I CM2 +I COMP =I LISNs Wherein whenI COMP =-I CM =-(I CM1 +I CM2 ) At the time, there areI LISNs =0; in this case, the common mode current detected on the LISN is reduced to suppress system common mode interference.
Compared with the existing electromagnetic interference filter device, the invention has the following positive effects and advantages:
1. compared with PEF, the invention does not contain devices such as coils, transformers and the like, has small volume, light weight, rich use scenes and simple use mode;
2. compared with a single amplification channel AEF, the invention expands the resistance value of the usable reverse amplification module by a multi-amplification channel mode, detects the common-mode voltage waveform with complete frequency, and obtains the compensation current waveform with complete expression of each frequency;
3. when the single amplification channel AEF acts on the nonlinear system, the common mode impedance in the system changes along with the change of frequency, but the operational amplifier in the reverse amplification network has a fixed unit gain bandwidth, and the single negative feedback amplification resistance value cannot maintain the unit gain along with the change of the common mode impedance, so that the working bandwidth required by suppressing the common mode interference cannot be maintained, and the compensation effect is poor. The defect can be overcome by adopting a multi-amplification channel mode and utilizing a multi-negative feedback amplification resistance value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a SVPWM driven three-phase full-bridge inverter system with equivalent common-mode impedance as a load and a common-mode current conduction loop without the addition of an improved AEF.
FIG. 2 is a common mode voltageU CM Waveform diagram.
Fig. 3 is a topology diagram of the system equivalent common mode total impedance network.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a system equivalent common mode total impedance model.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a displayZ LOAD Amplitude-frequency characteristic diagram.
Fig. 6 is a simplified common mode current propagation path topology.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of the improved AEF process.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a common mode voltage detection network module.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel inverting amplification network module and a compensation current injection module.
Fig. 10 is a graph of the common mode current conduction path of the system with the addition of the improved AEF.
Fig. 11a is a time domain waveform diagram of common mode current and compensation current of the main circuit without adding AEF and with adding single amplification channel AEF.
Fig. 11b is a time domain waveform diagram of the common mode current and the compensation current of the main circuit without adding AEF and with adding multiple amplification channels AEF.
Detailed Description
The implementation of the present invention and related technology will be further described below by reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
The specific main circuit comprises:
step 1: in order to verify the suppression effect of the improved AEF on the common-mode interference, modeling analysis is needed for a common-mode interference conduction loop, an improved AEF common-mode voltage detection network module, a multi-channel reverse amplification network module and a compensation current injection module in the system.
Step 2: DC side input DC voltage of inverterU DC As in fig. 1, the value is set to 311V. Two filter capacitors with equal series capacitance value between positive and negative poles at DC input side of inverterC 1 、C 2 The neutral point of the two capacitors is grounded and used as a power neutral point O, the direct-current voltage output end is connected with the input end of the inverter, the neutral point of the LISN is grounded, and current flows inI LISNs 。
Step 3:U AO 、U BO 、U CO respectively the voltage values between the three-phase output line of the inverter and the neutral point O point of the direct current side,U AN 、U BN 、U CN respectively equivalent common mode impedance of three-phase output circuit of inverter and motorZ motor Voltage value between ground points N, whereinU AO =U AN +U NO 、U BO =U BN +U NO 、U CO =U CN +U NO . Let 0 denote the conduction of the lower bridge arm switching device, 1 denote the conduction of the upper bridge arm switching device, and the phase voltage and line voltage values can be obtained according to different conduction states of the inverter as shown in table 1.
Table 1 phase and line voltages for switching devices with different conduction conditions
Step 4: from Table 1, it can be seen that the sum of the phase voltages is 0U AN +U BN +U CN =0, common mode of systemThe voltage is the voltage value between the neutral point O at the DC side of the inverter and the grounding point N of the equivalent common mode impedance of the motor, namelyU CM =U NO =(U AO +U AN +U BO +U BN +U CO +U CN )/3=(U AO +U BO +U CO )/3. The common mode voltage values in the inverter system for all switching states are summarized as shown in table 2.
Table 2 common mode voltage at each switching state of inverter
Step 5: as can be seen from Table 2, when SVPWM modulation is used, the common-mode voltage has four level states in total, a single vector synthesis switching period is set to 0.0001s, and the order of common-mode voltage value change in the former half switching period is that of SVPWM modulation
U DC To- & lt- & gt>
U DC To->
U DC To->
U DC The common-mode voltage waveform of the second half period is symmetrical with that of the first half period, and MATLAB/Simulink is utilized to simulate the main circuit to obtain the common-mode voltageU CM Waveforms, as in fig. 2.
Step 6: due to the equivalent common-mode impedance of the motorZ motor The system is free from change along with the change of the position of a motor rotor, and the system needs to be modeled to serve as the input impedance of an operational amplifier in a multi-channel reverse amplification network module, and the topology of the equivalent common mode total impedance network of the system is shown in figure 3.Z motor One of the phases comprising a capacitorC m1 And (3) withC m1 Series-connected resistive loadRL 11 And (3) withRL 11 Series-connected resistive loadRL 12 And (3) withRL 11 Parallel capacitorC m11 And resistance ofR 11 And (3) withRL 12 Parallel capacitorC m12 And resistance ofR 12 。
TABLE 3 Table 3Z motor Parameter values of the middle element
Step 7: constructing two-phase equivalent impedance identical to the structure in the step 6 and connecting three-phase equivalent impedance in parallel to form a complete structureZ motor 。
Step 8: order theZ motor Each single phase is respectively connected with an equivalent coupling capacitor in parallelC p1 To the point ofC p3 Is composed ofZ LOAD Building by SimulinkZ LOAD Model and impedance measurement tool is used to detect its impedance characteristics as shown in FIG. 4, whereinC p =C p1 =C p2 =C p3 =3.3pF。Z LOAD The amplitude-frequency characteristic detection result is shown in fig. 5. The partial frequency point impedance is measured as in table 4.
Table 4 System equivalent common mode Total impedance partial frequency Point impedance
Step 7: the simplified common mode current propagation path is shown in fig. 6, wherein,Z LISN is the equivalent impedance to ground of LISN, which has a value of 25Ω,U CM is a common-mode voltage,Z LOAD for the equivalent common mode total impedance of the system, there isI CM =U CM /Z LOAD . Forming a common mode current loop through a ground wire, whereinI LISNs =I CM 。
The three modules composing the improved AEF are respectively common modeThe voltage detection network module, the multi-channel reverse amplification network module and the compensation current injection module, fig. 7 shows a block diagram of the improved AEF operation,I CM2 is the sum of the common mode currents of the three-phase line-to-ground coupling capacitors of the inverter,I CM1 is the equivalent impedance of the motorZ motor The current is common to the ground and,I COMP in order to improve the compensation current generated by AEF,I LISNs is the total current flowing into the LISN. Wherein the method comprises the steps ofI LISNs Is the sum of the common mode current and the compensation current.
Wherein the common mode voltage detection network module has:
step 1: the improved AEF needs to extract the common-mode voltage as an input, and a resistor divider network for extracting the common-mode voltage is shown in fig. 8. By means of three resistors with equal resistance values respectively connected in parallel to three phase lines of a full-bridge inverterR 0 And (3) withR 0 Series resistorR 1 ，R 2 And collecting a common-mode voltage detection value. Will beR 2 Is connected in series to the power supply neutral point to ground,R 2 resistance voltage division valueV sense To extract the voltage values, there are:
step 2: the AD826/AD operational amplifier is selected to form a voltage follower, the driving voltage thereof is (+/-), and the voltage follower is used for driving the voltage followerV s Is set to be + -15V, and the common mode amplitude is 0.5 because the input voltage value of the DC side of the inverter is 311VU DC =155.5V，V sense The voltage follower can work normally only after being regulated to be less than +/-15V. Setting upR 0 =3kΩ，R 1 =10kΩ，R 2 =1kΩ at this timek=1/12，V sense Amplitude is 13V, operational amplifierOP 1 Output voltage valueV IN =V sense 。
The multichannel reverse amplification network module comprises:
step 1: an AD826/AD operational amplifier is selected to form an inverting amplifier, and the equivalent total mode impedance of the systemZ LOAD Input impedance of the operational amplifier of the multi-channel reverse amplifying network module is connected in series with the input voltageV IN And (3) withOP 21 To the point ofOP 2n Between them as in FIG. 9, op-ampOP 21 To the point ofOP 2n Is the amplifying resistance of (a)R 31 To the point ofR 3n Output voltageV OUT1 To the point ofV OUTn 。
Operational amplifier AD826/AD driving voltageV s The unity gain bandwidth is typically 50MHz when set at + 15V. As can be seen from fig. 2, the common-mode voltage is actually a set voltage value composed of multiple frequency components, and referring to table 4, if the negative feedback amplifying resistor of the operational amplifier is set to 378.5 Ω, when the common-mode voltage component frequency on the input impedance of the operational amplifier is 150kHz, that is, the input impedance is 378.5 Ω, the operational amplifier is unit gain, and at this time, the theoretical gain bandwidth of the negative feedback circuit is 50MHz, so as to satisfy the requirement of the common-mode interference rejection bandwidth. When the common-mode voltage component frequency is 5.58MHz, the input impedance is about 6Ω, the gain of the operational amplifier is-63, the theoretical gain bandwidth of the negative feedback circuit is 0.8MHz, the requirement of the common-mode interference suppression bandwidth is not satisfied any more, the AEF interference suppression capability is reduced, the working effect is poor, and the input impedance of the operational amplifier is further reduced under certain frequency bandsZ LOAD Offset negative feedback amplifying resistorR 3n If too much, the AEF will not work properly.
Step 2: the invention selects the negative feedback amplifying resistorR 3n Based on the operational amplifier input impedance of Table 4Z LOAD The frequency is segmented by the variation trend, and each negative feedback amplifying resistorR 3n Operational amplifier input impedance corresponding to a frequency rangeZ LOAD Is a mean value of the impedance of (a). Respectively selectR 31 =260Ω、R 32 =112Ω、R 33 =72Ω corresponds to 150k to 600khz, 1m to 10m, 10m to 30m frequency band, the number of channelsP=3. Three negative feedback operational amplifiers respectively output voltage valuesV OUT1 、V OUT2 、V OUT3 Formula (2) below, whereinn=1，2，3。
The compensation current injection module comprises:
step 1: the improved AEF compensation current is generated by a push-pull circuit and a compensation resistor, and the push-pull circuit isolates the resistorR 5 、R 6 Set to 2000 q, the isolation diode is 1N4148,R 7 、R 8 setting to 5Ω prevents thermal breakdown of the push-pull circuit, and the driving voltage is ±15v. Output voltage of front stageV OUT1 To the point ofV OUT3 Respectively applied to compensation resistorsR 41 To the point ofR 43 On the basis of the compensation currentI COMP1 To the point ofI COMP3 Formula (3) below, wherein n=1, 2,3.
Will compensate the currentI COMP1 To the point ofI COMP3 Connected in parallel to a point to obtain total compensation currentI COMP 。
Step 2: common mode current conduction paths in the system after addition of the modified AEF as shown in FIG. 10, to cancel the common mode current present in the system, it is necessary to have the compensation currentI COMP =-I CM . Then need to meet
The output resistors are respectively set asR 41 =65Ω，R 42= 28Ω，R 43 =18Ω. Connecting isolation capacitorC 3 Input to ground wire, isolation capacitorC 3 Set to 2.2uF, forming a complete compensation loop.
The improved AEF simulation model built by using PSPICE and the improved AEF mode is verified by using MATLAB and PSPICE combined simulation tool, as shown in fig. 11a and 11b, which show the time domain waveforms of common mode current and compensation current of the main circuit when AEF is not added, single amplification channel AEF is added, and multiple amplification channels AEF are added. As can be seen from fig. 11a and 11b, the single amplification channel AEF has a larger difference between the compensation current and the common mode current waveform due to the gain bandwidth limitation of the operational amplifier, so that the compensation effect is more different from the ideal case. The gain of the multi-amplification channel AEF is set for different frequency segments respectively, the compensation current is more matched with the common-mode current waveform in the time domain, and the compensation effect is improved to a certain extent compared with a single channel. The advantages of the accuracy and the interference suppression capability of the invention are confirmed.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative and are not meant to limit the scope of the present invention. Other modifications or additions to or substitutions of the described embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-amplification channel active common-mode interference filter, comprising:
the main circuit comprises: the common mode interference conduction loop is formed by the equivalent common mode impedance grounding of the motor at the output side of the inverter and the coupling capacitor of the inverter to the ground;
common mode voltage detection network module: the method comprises the steps of extracting and reducing according to a certain proportion, and generating waveforms in the same form as the common-mode voltage as the input voltage of the improved AEF;
multichannel reverse amplification network module: the negative feedback amplifying circuit is used for forming a negative feedback amplifying circuit which can maintain unit gain through input impedance under different frequency conditions, and is used for carrying out reverse action on common-mode voltage sub-channels in a wide frequency range so as to expand the common-mode voltage frequency range which can be detected by AEF;
and the compensation current injection module is used for: the compensation current with complete frequency is generated and injected into the grounding terminal of the main circuit, so that the compensation current and the common mode current are mutually offset to inhibit common mode interference.
2. The multi-amplification channel active common-mode interference filter according to claim 1, wherein the main circuit comprises an inverter and a line impedance stabilizing network LISN connected in parallel to the dc side of the inverter; DC power supply generated by rectifying circuitU DC The positive and negative stages are connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the LISN, the LISN is output to the three-phase full-bridge inverter, and the three-phase inverter inputs the serial capacitance between the positive electrode and the negative electrodeC 1 、C 2 The midpoint of the two capacitors is grounded and used as a power neutral point O; three-phase full-bridge inversion comprises S a 、S b 、S c Three bridge arms, wherein an SVPWM modulation mode is used for driving the inverter to operate, and the modulation ratio is set to be 0.85; inverter output three-phase alternating current passes through motor equivalent common mode impedanceZ motor The three output lines of the three bridge arms of the inverter respectively pass through three coupling capacitors to the groundC p Accessing a ground wire; wherein, the equivalent common mode impedance of the motorZ motor Coupling capacitors with three pairs of groundC p The parallel total impedance is the equivalent common mode total impedance of the systemZ LOAD ；
Equivalent common mode impedance of motorZ motor One phase of (a) contains a capacitorC m1 =900 pF, andC m1 series-connected resistive loadRL 11 Its resistance value is 60 omega, its capacitance value is 48uH, andRL 11 series-connected resistive loadRL 12 Its resistance value is 3Ω, its capacitance value is 2.7uH, andRL 11 parallel capacitorC m11 =400 pF and resistorR 11 =822 Ω, andRL 12 parallel capacitorC m12 =33.3 pF and resistorR 12 =1500pF；
Construction and motor equivalent common mode impedanceZ motor Two-phase equivalent impedance with same phase structure and three-phase equivalent impedance are connected in parallel to form complete motor equivalent common mode impedanceZ motor ；
Equivalent common mode impedance of motorZ motor Each single phase is respectively connected with an equivalent coupling capacitor of an inverter output three-phase line to the ground in parallelC p1 、C p2 、C p3 Form the equivalent common mode total impedance of the systemZ LOAD, wherein C p =C p1 =C p2 =C p3 =3.3pF；
The compensation current injection module comprises a multi-stage push-pull circuit, a multi-stage output resistor and an isolation capacitor, wherein the input end of the first-stage push-pull circuit is connected with an operational amplifier in the multi-channel reverse amplification network moduleOP 21 An output end of the (C) is connected with an output resistorR 41 。
3. A multi-amplification channel active common-mode interference filter according to claim 1, wherein all operational amplifiers are AD826/AD; the connection mode of the rest multistage push-pull circuits is the same as that of the first stage push-pull circuit, and the input ends are respectively connected with the operational amplifierOP 21 To an operational amplifierOP 2n The output ends of (2) are respectively connected with the output resistorR 42 To the point ofR 4n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Multiple stages of output resistorsR 41 To the point ofR 4n The other end of the capacitor is connected in parallel to one point to connect an isolation capacitorC 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Isolation capacitorC 3 The other end is grounded to form a complete compensation loop.
4. The multi-amplification channel active common-mode interference filter of claim 1, wherein the common-mode voltage detection network module utilizes three equal-resistance resistors connected in parallel to three phase lines of the full-bridge inverter, respectivelyR 0 =3kΩ, andR 0 series resistorR 1 =10kΩ、R 2 =1kΩ acquisition of common mode voltage detection value;
resistance is toR 2 One end grounded and the other end connected to the operational amplifierOP 1 Positive input pole of (a), operational amplifierOP 1 Is connected with the output end to form an electric circuitA pressure follower; operational amplifierOP 1 The driving voltage is switched in to + -15V.
5. The multi-channel active common-mode interference filter of claim 2 wherein the multi-channel inverting amplification network module comprises an operational amplifierOP 21 To an operational amplifierOP 2n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Amplifying resistorR 31 To an amplifying resistorR 3n ；
Operational amplifierOP 21 Negative input end connection system equivalent common mode impedanceZ LOAD The positive input end is grounded, and the output electrode is amplified by the amplifying resistorR 31 Is connected with the negative input end; operational amplifierOP 21 The driving voltage is accessed to +/-15V; operational amplifierOP 22 To an operational amplifierOP 2n Is connected with the operational amplifierOP 21 The same, its amplified resistance value is replaced withR 32 To the point ofR 3n 。
6. A method for controlling a multi-amplification channel active common-mode interference filter, comprising:
when the main circuit is not connected with the improved AEF, the main circuit is connected with the improved AEF throughZ motor The total current of the ground isI CM1 Via capacitorC p The total current of the ground isI CM2 The total current flowing into the neutral point of the LISN through the ground wire isI LISNs The total mode current of the system isI CM, wherein I CM1 + I CM2 =I LISNs =I CM Forming a common mode interference conduction loop; wherein,Z motor with three coupling capacitorsC p The parallel total impedance is the equivalent common mode total impedance of the systemZ LOAD There isU CM /Z LOAD =I CM ；
When the improved AEF is connected to the main circuit, the common-mode voltage detection network module is used for extracting and shrinking according to a certain proportion, and generating waveforms in the same form as the common-mode voltage as the input voltage of the improved AEF; the multi-channel reverse amplification network module performs reverse action on common-mode voltage sub-channels in a wide frequency range by using an operational amplifier; the compensation current injection module obtains and gathers compensation currents of all channels by applying the voltage generated by the multi-channel reverse amplification network module on an output resistor, and injects the summarized currents into a main circuit grounding terminal to offset the primary common mode current so as to inhibit common mode interference;
when the main circuit is connected with the improved AEF, the working process of the common-mode voltage detection network module is as follows: by means of three resistors with equal resistance values respectively connected in parallel to three phase lines of a full-bridge inverterR 0 And (3) withR 0 Series resistorR 1 、R 2 Collecting a common-mode voltage detection value; resistance is toR 2 The other end is grounded, resistanceR 2 Upper partial pressure value ofV sense, wherein kAs a resistor in an impedance networkR 2 The partial pressure ratio relation of (2) is:
k=12, resistorR 2 Partial pressure valueV sense Input operational amplifierOP 1 Is a positive input terminal of (a), an operational amplifierOP 1 The negative input end of the voltage follower is connected with the output end to form the voltage follower; the voltage follower voltage output value is the voltage value of the input multi-channel reverse amplification network moduleV IN Therein is provided withV IN =V sense =kU CM 。
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the negative feedback amplifier resistor is selected from the group consisting ofR 3n Based on the input impedance of the intermediate operational amplifierZ LOAD The frequency is segmented by the variation trend, and each negative feedback amplifying resistorR 3n Operational amplifier input impedance corresponding to a frequency rangeZ LOAD An average value of the impedance of (a); respectively selectTaking outR 31 =260Ω、R 32 =112Ω、R 33 The frequency range of =72Ω corresponds to 150k to 600khz, 1m to 10m, 10m to 30m, and since three amplifying channels are enough to obtain a common-mode voltage with relatively complete frequency representation after reverse, the channel number isP=3。
8. The method for controlling a multi-channel active common-mode interference filter according to claim 6, wherein when the main circuit is connected to the improved AEF, the multi-channel reverse amplification network module operates as follows: operational amplifierOP 21 Negative input end connection system equivalent common mode impedanceZ LOAD Input ofV IN The positive input end is grounded, and the output end passes through an amplifying resistorR 31 Is connected with the negative input pole; operational amplifierOP 21 Access driving voltage ±V s The output voltage value is the voltage value of the input compensation current injection moduleV OUT1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Operational amplifierOP 22 To an operational amplifierOP 2n Connection mode and operational amplifierOP 21 The same, its amplified resistance value is respectively changed intoR 32 To the point ofR 3n The obtained output voltage values are respectivelyV OUT2 To the point ofV OUTn； wherein OP 21 To the point ofOP 2n The gains of (a) are respectivelyA 1 To the point ofA n ，n=1, 2,3, with:
9. the method of claim 6, wherein the compensation current injection module operates as follows: operational amplifier in multi-channel reverse amplification network moduleOP 21 Output voltage value of (2)V OUT1 Input to the input end of the first-stage push-pull circuit, and the output end of the first-stage push-pull circuit is connected with an output resistorR 41 I.e. the voltage valueV OUT1 Applied to the output resistorR 41 On the basis of the compensation currentI COMP1 。
10. The method of claim 6, wherein the operation of the remaining multi-stage push-pull circuits is the same as the operation of the first-stage push-pull circuit, and the operational amplifier is operatedOP 22 To an operational amplifierOP 2n Output voltage value of (2)V OUT2 To the point ofV OUTn Respectively applied to the output resistorsR 42 To the point ofR 4n On the other hand, a compensation current can be obtainedI COMP2 To the point ofI COMPn The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Order then=1, 2,3, with:
compensation current to be outputI COMP1 To the point ofI COMPn Parallel to one point and series connection isolation capacitorC 3 =2.2 uF, the isolation capacitor can be obtainedC 3 Is set to the total compensation current of (a)I COMP； wherein PFor a constant value, representing the number of improved AEF parallel stages, there are:
make the compensation currentI COMP Can counteract common mode current, needs to makeI COMP =-I CM The following steps are:
according to formula (5) and combineR 3n The output resistors are respectively set asR 41 =65Ω，R 42= 28Ω，R 43 =18Ω; compensating the total output currentI COMP Is connected to the ground line, and the common mode interference conduction loop of the system is provided withI CM1 +I CM2 +I COMP =I LISNs Wherein whenI COMP =-I CM =-(I CM1 +I CM2 ) At the time, there areI LISNs =0; in this case, the common mode current detected on the LISN is reduced to suppress system common mode interference.
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