CN116028642A - Process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method oriented to multi-process field - Google Patents
Process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method oriented to multi-process field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method oriented to multiple process fields, which considers multiple factors such as process knowledge property, existence form, belonging process and the like, and carries out knowledge expression in the form of the knowledge graph, thereby realizing effective organization and management of process knowledge in the multiple process fields such as machining, assembly, charging and the like; meanwhile, the multi-level classification method adopted by the invention considers various factors such as knowledge property, technological process, technological design and the like, can effectively avoid the cross problem in the prior technological knowledge classification, and can realize technological knowledge retrieval, matching recommendation and the like based on classification coding based on the invention, thereby realizing effective application of technological knowledge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of knowledge graph construction and classification coding, and particularly relates to a process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method oriented to the multi-process field.
Background
With the development of enterprise informatization, the variety and quantity of process data which are accumulated in long-term production practice and contain a large amount of knowledge, such as electronic documents, databases, files and the like, have reached a new level. Under the condition, if the process knowledge contained in the process data cannot be effectively expressed and organized, great knowledge resource waste can be generated, and the competitiveness of enterprises in the industry is further affected.
In terms of process knowledge expression, domestic enterprises mainly manage process knowledge in enterprises in the form of electronic documents or structured databases, and various relational process knowledge databases such as a typical part process library, a machine tool library, a tool library and the like are accumulated for machining, assembly and the like, but the relations among the process knowledge cannot be expressed completely and effectively, and obvious storage redundancy exists. In recent years, knowledge graph technology becomes a research hotspot for unified characterization of knowledge, and is widely researched and applied in the fields of military, education, social networks and the like. In the technical fields of machining, assembly, charging and the like, knowledge maps are also receiving more and more attention, such as the machine-oriented manufacturing field, and the enterprise information integration method based on knowledge maps and semantic net technology [ J ], university of east and south university (natural science edition)) researches the ontology-based knowledge map construction method of heterogeneous discrete information in iron and steel enterprises, so that unified management of knowledge resources is realized. Hong Yi (knowledge service modeling and pushing research for engine assembly process [ D ]) uses an automobile engine as a research object, and builds an assembly knowledge map aiming at the enterprise internal engine assembly knowledge resource.
Classification and coding of process knowledge is an effective means of supporting process knowledge organization and management. Wherein, the process knowledge classification is the basis and precondition of process knowledge coding. The classification angle of the process knowledge is quite large, and the process knowledge can be divided into process layers, procedure layers, step layer knowledge and the like according to the process by taking typical processes such as machining, assembling, charging and the like as an example; the process knowledge can be divided into process basic theoretical knowledge, process design knowledge, process management knowledge and the like according to the knowledge application angle. At present, the research on coding is focused on coding of part features, such as Guanjie (product part classification coding system construction method [ P ] based on grouping technology), and a product part classification coding system construction method based on grouping technology is provided, so that multistage classification and coding are performed on the part features. Along with the increasing importance of process knowledge, a set of process knowledge classification and coding schemes facing the fields of machining, assembly, charging and other processes are required to support the effective organization and management of process knowledge.
The traditional process knowledge exists in a form in a technical library and an expert library in the industrial process field, and the process is too dependent on manpower and has high cost, so that the technical library for the industrial process field is difficult to establish. And as knowledge is continuously accumulated, the relationship between the process knowledge cannot be expressed completely and effectively, and obvious storage redundancy exists. The existing process knowledge classification method has the problems of process knowledge intersection, process knowledge leakage and the like, and is difficult to effectively improve the process knowledge management level of enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method oriented to multiple process fields, which can realize effective organization and management of process knowledge in the multiple process fields such as machining, assembly, charging and the like.
A process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method oriented to the multi-process field comprises the following steps:
extracting information required by construction process knowledge from the existing machining, assembling and charging field data materials, and constructing a process knowledge graph data layer of the machining, assembling and charging field according to the extracted information;
classifying the process knowledge graph data layers in the machining, assembling and charging fields respectively to obtain a process knowledge multi-layer classification system, wherein the process knowledge graph data layers are divided into a first layer according to different knowledge properties to obtain a first layer of knowledge category; classifying the second layer and the process knowledge graph data layers after the second layer, and classifying the knowledge categories of the previous layer according to the factors of the process and the process design;
and respectively constructing classification coding labels in a process knowledge multi-layer classification system in the fields of machining, assembling and charging.
Further, the process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method facing to the multi-process field further comprises the following steps:
combining expert knowledge and industry investigation, combing concepts related to each process and attributes, relationships among the concepts and hierarchical structures of the concepts according to knowledge information of a process knowledge graph data layer in the established machining, assembling and charging fields, so as to establish a knowledge graph mode layer, and carrying out instance knowledge supplementation on the concept of the process knowledge graph data layer according to the knowledge graph mode layer, so that the process knowledge graph data layer is perfected.
Further, the classification coding label in the process knowledge multi-layer classification system is composed of a main code and an auxiliary code, wherein the main code comprises a process code, a process knowledge class code and a process knowledge group code, and the process code is composed of one-bit letters and is used for representing the process comprising a machining process, an assembling process and a charging process; the process knowledge category code consists of one Arabic numeral and is used for representing the first layer classification of the process knowledge multi-layer classification system; the process knowledge group code consists of Arabic numerals, the code bit length of the Arabic numerals can be expanded, and the process knowledge group code length is increased by one bit every subdivision of a layer after the second layer classification and the second layer classification, so that the process knowledge group code length represents the subclasses of the process knowledge after the second layer classification and the second layer classification;
the auxiliary code consists of a single letter and is used for representing different existence forms of technological knowledge, and the existence forms comprise four types of language description types, document materials types, video pictures types and other types.
Further, the process knowledge graph data layer comprises three layers of classifications, wherein the first layer of classifications is divided from the knowledge property perspective, and the knowledge classification comprises five major categories of basic principle knowledge, document knowledge, template knowledge, decision rule knowledge and resource knowledge; the second layer of classification is divided from the technical process, wherein the decision rule class knowledge comprises machining process decision rule class knowledge, assembly process decision rule class knowledge and charging process decision rule class knowledge; the third layer classification is classified based on the second layer classification, wherein the machine decision rule class knowledge is subdivided into a process step layer, a process step layer and a process layer.
Further, the information required for the construction process knowledge is extracted from the existing machining, assembling and charging field data materials, and comprises the following steps: and extracting and marking the entity, the relation and the entity attribute of the knowledge information in the machining, assembling and charging process fields from the structured data and the semi-structured data.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the invention provides a process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method oriented to multiple process fields, which considers multiple factors such as process knowledge property, existence form, belonging process and the like, and carries out knowledge expression in the form of the knowledge graph, thereby realizing effective organization and management of process knowledge in the multiple process fields such as machining, assembly, charging and the like; meanwhile, the multi-level classification method adopted by the invention considers various factors such as knowledge property, technological process, technological design and the like, can effectively avoid the cross problem in the prior technological knowledge classification, and can realize technological knowledge retrieval, matching recommendation and the like based on classification coding based on the invention, thereby realizing effective application of technological knowledge.
2. The invention provides a multi-process-field-oriented process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method, which is based on structural and semi-structural data, utilizes natural language processing technology to extract knowledge information of a plurality of process fields such as machining, assembly and charging, assists expert knowledge and industry investigation experience, establishes a ontology library oriented to different process flows and builds a knowledge graph mode layer, improves the construction efficiency of a domain concept system, provides references for the construction of knowledge graphs of other fields, and simultaneously can solve the problem of missing items in the prior process knowledge classification through the bidirectional correlation between the process knowledge mode layer and a multi-level classification system.
3. The invention provides a process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method oriented to the field of multiple processes, which adopts the same set of process knowledge construction and classification coding scheme for complex products needing to be subjected to multiple process designs, so that the production management can be simplified, the process personnel can be assisted to rapidly complete the process design of the products, the design efficiency of the process personnel can be effectively improved, the production quality can be stabilized, and the production cost can be reduced; the invention is applicable to different technological processes such as machining, assembling, charging and the like, and knowledge classification coding aiming at a specific technological process in the future can be refined and expanded based on the classification coding method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of steps of a knowledge graph construction and classification coding method for multiple process fields;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a knowledge graph construction method for machining, assembling and charging processes;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a process knowledge multi-layer taxonomy;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a knowledge coding scheme suitable for use in multiple process domains;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a metal shell machining process knowledge classification.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the following description will make clear and complete descriptions of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
The invention provides a knowledge graph construction and classification coding method oriented to the multiple process fields, which takes the machining, assembling and charging process fields as an example, and extracts knowledge information in the machining, assembling and charging process fields by utilizing a natural language processing technology based on the existing structural and semi-structural data so as to construct and classify coding of the knowledge graph.
As shown in fig. 1, the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
s01: and extracting information required by construction process knowledge from the existing machining, assembling and charging field data materials, and constructing a process knowledge graph data layer of the machining, assembling and charging field according to the extracted information.
It should be noted that, the existing machining, assembling and charging field data are generally divided into structured and semi-structured data according to different data structures, and the information required for extracting the construction process knowledge from the existing machining, assembling and charging field data includes: and extracting and marking entities, relations and entity attributes of knowledge information in the fields of machining, assembling and charging processes from structured data such as database tables and semi-structured data such as technical specification files, and storing in a triplet format.
S02: combining expert knowledge and industry investigation, combing concepts related to each process and attributes, relationships among the concepts and hierarchical structures of the concepts according to knowledge information of a process knowledge graph data layer in the established machining, assembling and charging fields, so as to establish a knowledge graph mode layer, and carrying out instance knowledge supplementation on the concept of the process knowledge graph data layer according to the knowledge graph mode layer, so that the process knowledge graph data layer is perfected.
It should be noted that, the construction of the knowledge graph mode layer includes the steps of extracting the process knowledge information, researching the field and summarizing expert experience, constructing the process knowledge information conceptual model, and the like, and the specific steps are as follows:
according to the triplet information obtained in the step S01, a process knowledge information conceptual model of different processes is established for machining, assembling and charging processes, and the process knowledge information conceptual model consists of five types of basic principle knowledge information concepts, document knowledge information concepts, template knowledge information concepts, decision rule knowledge information concepts and resource knowledge information concepts.
Dividing each major category into a plurality of sub-category concepts, such as dividing document category knowledge information concepts into standard category information concepts, standard category information concepts and process instance information concepts; the template knowledge information concepts are divided into typical process template information concepts and typical process template information concepts. Relationships among various information concepts, such as a hierarchical relationship of the concept of the process field, a technical problem existing in a typical process, a has technical problem, a guide of a standard specification on solving the typical technical problem and making a process decision, a guide, and the like, are established. And simultaneously determining the data attribute contained in various information concepts.
And (3) establishing a knowledge graph model layer according to a knowledge information conceptual model of different processes such as machining, assembling, charging and the like.
S03: classifying the process knowledge graph data layers in the machining, assembling and charging fields respectively to obtain a process knowledge multi-layer classification system, wherein the process knowledge graph data layers are divided into a first layer according to different knowledge properties to obtain a first layer of knowledge category; and classifying the second layer and the process knowledge graph data layers after the second layer, and classifying the knowledge categories of the previous layer according to the factors of the process and the process design.
It should be noted that, the classification principle of the process knowledge in the step S03 can guide the construction of the knowledge graph mode layer in the step S02, and the hierarchical structure in the knowledge graph mode layer in the step S02 is continuously enriched and optimized along with the continuous expansion of the process knowledge instance, so that the feedback is fed back to the construction of the multi-layer classification system of the process knowledge in the step S03.
For example, the first-layer classified knowledge categories of the process knowledge graph data layer comprise five major categories of basic principle category knowledge, document category knowledge, template category knowledge, decision rule category knowledge and resource category knowledge; the second layer and the process knowledge classification after the second layer are subdivided based on the first layer classification; the second layer classification is to consider the process, and is divided into a machining process decision rule type knowledge, an assembly process decision rule type knowledge and a charging process decision rule type knowledge, and the third layer is to consider the process design process and is divided into a process step layer, a process layer and a process layer on the basis of the second layer. Taking the knowledge of the machining process decision rule class as an example, the knowledge comprises a machining step layer decision rule, a machining sequence layer decision rule and a machining process layer decision rule. Similarly, the fourth layer and the fourth layer are subdivided based on the previous layers, and the established process knowledge multi-layer classification system is shown in fig. 3.
S04: based on the technological knowledge classification scheme, a knowledge coding scheme suitable for multiple technological fields is established: the coding scheme adopts a mixed coding mode combining main codes and auxiliary codes, wherein the main codes are constructed according to different technological processes and technological knowledge multi-layer classification systems, and comprise technological process codes, technological knowledge class codes and technological knowledge group codes, and the auxiliary codes are constructed according to the existence form of technological knowledge.
S05: and respectively constructing classification coding labels in a process knowledge multi-layer classification system in the fields of machining, assembling and charging.
That is, as shown in fig. 4, the classification coding label in the process knowledge multi-layer classification system is composed of a main code and an auxiliary code, and the main code adopts a mixed coding mode of combining letters and numbers, including a process code, a process knowledge class code and a process knowledge group code, wherein the process code is composed of one letter and is used for representing the process including a machining process, an assembling process and a charging process; the process knowledge category code consists of one Arabic number and is used for representing the first-layer classification of a process knowledge multi-layer classification system, such as five categories of respectively representing basic principle category knowledge, document category knowledge, template category knowledge, decision rule category knowledge and resource category knowledge; the process knowledge group code consists of Arabic numerals, the code bit length of the Arabic numerals can be expanded, and the process knowledge group code length is increased by one bit every subdivision of a layer after the second layer classification and the second layer classification, so that the process knowledge group code length represents the subclasses of the process knowledge after the second layer classification and the second layer classification; it should be noted that, because the built process knowledge multi-layer classification system has the condition that the division levels of five kinds of process knowledge are different, the code bit length of the set process knowledge group code can be expanded; meanwhile, each bit in the process knowledge group code is one group, so that the length of the process knowledge group code is increased by one bit when the group is subdivided by one stage.
Further, the auxiliary code consists of a single letter and is used for representing existence forms of different technological knowledge, and the existence forms comprise four types of language description types, document materials types, video pictures types and other types; the auxiliary code and the technological knowledge group code can be distinguished by adopting a letter coding mode, so that the range and the length of the technological knowledge group code can be easily determined when a certain coded label is seen.
The knowledge graph construction and classification coding process for the multi-process field provided by the invention is described below by taking a machining process of a metal shell as an example.
And extracting information required for constructing the metal shell machining process knowledge from the existing metal shell machining data material, and constructing a data layer of the metal shell machining process knowledge map. Through researching the literature data related to the metal shell, a metal shell machining process knowledge information conceptual model is built by using software such as PowerDesigner, prot e and the like, so that a model layer of a metal shell machining process knowledge map is built.
When the metal shell machining process knowledge is multi-layered classified, as shown in fig. 5. Firstly, from the knowledge property perspective, the shell machining process knowledge is divided into five main types, namely metal shell machining basic principle knowledge, metal shell machining document knowledge, metal shell machining template knowledge, metal shell machining decision rule knowledge and metal shell machining resource knowledge, and the five main types are used as the first layer of metal shell machining process knowledge; on the basis, the characteristics of the machining process knowledge of the metal shell of different types are analyzed, and then each type of process knowledge is divided into multiple layers, for example, the metal shell machine and template type knowledge and the metal shell machine and decision rule type knowledge are subdivided from the technical process perspective, and the metal shell machine and document type knowledge is considered from the national, industrial and enterprise aspects. And finally, constructing a metal shell machining process knowledge multi-layer classification system.
Based on the metal shell machining process knowledge classification scheme, a metal shell machining process knowledge coding scheme is established, and the metal shell machining process knowledge coding scheme exists in the constructed metal shell machining process knowledge graph in the form of a coding label.
Therefore, the invention can realize the effective organization and management of process knowledge in a plurality of process fields such as machining, assembling, charging and the like.
Of course, the present invention is capable of other various embodiments and its several details are capable of modification and variation in light of the present invention by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The technological knowledge graph construction and classification coding method oriented to the multi-process field is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
extracting information required by construction process knowledge from the existing machining, assembling and charging field data materials, and constructing a process knowledge graph data layer of the machining, assembling and charging field according to the extracted information;
classifying the process knowledge graph data layers in the machining, assembling and charging fields respectively to obtain a process knowledge multi-layer classification system, wherein the process knowledge graph data layers are divided into a first layer according to different knowledge properties to obtain a first layer of knowledge category; classifying the second layer and the process knowledge graph data layers after the second layer, and classifying the knowledge categories of the previous layer according to the factors of the process and the process design;
and respectively constructing classification coding labels in a process knowledge multi-layer classification system in the fields of machining, assembling and charging.
2. The process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method for the multi-process field according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
combining expert knowledge and industry investigation, combing concepts related to each process and attributes, relationships among the concepts and hierarchical structures of the concepts according to knowledge information of a process knowledge graph data layer in the established machining, assembling and charging fields, so as to establish a knowledge graph mode layer, and carrying out instance knowledge supplementation on the concept of the process knowledge graph data layer according to the knowledge graph mode layer, so that the process knowledge graph data layer is perfected.
3. The process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method oriented to the multi-process field according to claim 1, wherein the classification coding labels in the process knowledge multi-layer classification system are composed of a main code and an auxiliary code, and the main code comprises a process code, a process knowledge class code and a process knowledge group code, wherein the process code is composed of one-bit letters and is used for representing the process comprising a machining process, an assembling process and a charging process; the process knowledge category code consists of one Arabic numeral and is used for representing the first layer classification of the process knowledge multi-layer classification system; the process knowledge group code consists of Arabic numerals, the code bit length of the Arabic numerals can be expanded, and the process knowledge group code length is increased by one bit every subdivision of a layer after the second layer classification and the second layer classification, so that the process knowledge group code length represents the subclasses of the process knowledge after the second layer classification and the second layer classification;
the auxiliary code consists of a single letter and is used for representing different existence forms of technological knowledge, and the existence forms comprise four types of language description types, document materials types, video pictures types and other types.
4. A process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the process knowledge graph data layer comprises three layers of classifications, wherein the first layer of classifications is divided from knowledge property perspective, and the knowledge classification comprises five major classes of basic principle knowledge, document knowledge, template knowledge, decision rule knowledge and resource knowledge; the second layer of classification is divided from the technical process, wherein the decision rule class knowledge comprises machining process decision rule class knowledge, assembly process decision rule class knowledge and charging process decision rule class knowledge; the third layer classification is classified based on the second layer classification, wherein the machine decision rule class knowledge is subdivided into a process step layer, a process step layer and a process layer.
5. A process knowledge graph construction and classification coding method according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the information required for construction of process knowledge is extracted from existing machining, assembling and charging field data materials comprising: and extracting and marking the entity, the relation and the entity attribute of the knowledge information in the machining, assembling and charging process fields from the structured data and the semi-structured data.
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| CN116629585B (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-09-19 | 南昌大学 | Process management system and method using ontology |
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