CN116027377A - Method and device for improving dynamic range of flat panel detector in trigger mode - Google Patents
Method and device for improving dynamic range of flat panel detector in trigger mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for improving the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a trigger mode, wherein the method comprises the steps of detecting a time interval of a trigger signal; when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, triggering to generate a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal, and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by using the pulse signal to generate a frame of image; when the time interval is the second time interval or the time interval after the second time interval of the trigger signal, triggering and generating a plurality of pulse signals in one time interval of the trigger signal, and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by utilizing each pulse in the plurality of pulse signals; performing arithmetic average processing on a plurality of image data streams read out by a flat panel detector in a time interval of a trigger signal to generate a frame of image; the invention can realize the purpose of improving the dynamic range without additional operation of the user, thereby greatly reducing the burden of the user.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flat panel detectors, in particular to a method and a device for improving the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a trigger mode.
Background
The flat panel detector is a special radiation detection device for X-ray imaging, and is widely applied to the field of radiation imaging such as oral CT, C-arm, industrial nondestructive detection and the like. In flat panel detector applications, the density variation range of the photographed object is usually large, so that a high requirement is placed on the dynamic range of the flat panel detector. For the user, a higher dynamic range detector means clearer details and lower dose, and two methods for improving the dynamic range of the flat panel detector exist in the prior art:
firstly, using flat panel detectors with different gains, firstly, respectively collecting a gray value image under different gains, then, carrying out certain judgment and selection on gray values of each pixel point in different images, and finally, fusing the gray values selected by each pixel point into a final gray value image. In the final gray value image, the pixels with weaker received light intensity usually select the image output gray level with higher gain, and the pixels with stronger received light intensity select the image output gray level with lower gain. Because higher gain corresponds to better signal-to-noise ratio and lower gain corresponds to higher saturation dose, the dynamic range corresponding to the finally fused image is greatly improved. In this method, since the flat panel detector needs to design multiple gain steps, the yield of the core photoelectric conversion chip will be greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the gain of each pixel will have a certain difference due to the chip manufacturing difference, so that it also needs to be corrected by matching with a very complex gain correction method.
The second method is based on the idea that multiple short integration time acquisitions replace single long integration time acquisitions under the same time. Flat panel detector systems typically use gigabit networks to transmit data, and because of the gigabit network bandwidth limitations, users typically use frame rates that are less than the highest frame rate at which the detector is actually operable. When the detector is actually operated at a frame rate N times the user setting, the saturation dose rate will be increased N times at this time, and the corresponding dynamic range will be increased v N times, because the integration time is reduced to 1/N, where N is an integer greater than 1. It can be seen that this approach has the advantage that the dynamic range is improved by adjusting the actual running frame rate inside the detector and performing a certain program multi-frame averaging without designing multiple gain steps and complex gain correction methods.
The acquisition mode of the flat panel detector includes a free mode and a trigger mode. In the free mode, the user firstly sets the frame rate, and then after the user sets an acquisition starting instruction, the detector continuously reads out signals at a preset frame rate; in the trigger mode, after the user sets the acquisition starting instruction, the user uses an external signal to control the detector to read out the signal, and the trigger mode is divided into rising edge trigger, falling edge trigger, high level trigger, low level trigger and the like according to the difference of trigger time sequences.
Taking falling edge triggering as an example, after a user sets an instruction for starting acquisition, the user inputs a trigger signal from the outside of the detector, and after the detector receives the falling edge of the trigger signal, the detector starts signal reading immediately. Because of the progressive scanning readout mode of the flat panel detector, there is a certain readout time Tr in the readout, which is directly related to the design of the core photoelectric conversion chip of the flat panel detector, and is usually a fixed value in the same mode, while the interval time between the falling edges of the adjacent 2 external trigger signals is called as the integration time, which is controlled by the user and can be changed as required, and the integration time is positively related to the received dose of the detector during the exposure of the continuous radiation source.
It can be seen that the implementation of the second method depends on the frame rate set by the user, and when the user uses the trigger mode, the frame rate is determined by the trigger signal interval input by the user, and at this time, the detector cannot predict the trigger signal interval input by the user, so that the second method cannot be effectively implemented.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem in the prior art, the flat panel detector needs to be designed with a plurality of gain gears, so that the yield of a core photoelectric conversion chip of the flat panel detector is greatly reduced; the difference of chip manufacture can cause a certain difference of the gain of each pixel, so that the gain of each pixel needs to be corrected by matching with a very complex gain correction method, and simultaneously, higher requirements are put forward on the hardware performance of users; depending on the frame rate set by the user, when the user uses the trigger mode, the frame rate is determined by the trigger signal interval input by the user, so that the technical problems that the dynamic range of the flat panel detector in the trigger mode cannot be effectively realized are solved.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for increasing the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a triggered mode, comprising the steps of:
detecting a time interval of the trigger signal;
when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, triggering to generate a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal, and controlling a flat panel detector to read an image data stream once by using the pulse signal;
reading out a primary image data stream of the flat panel detector after the first time interval of the trigger signal to generate a frame of image;
triggering to generate a plurality of pulse signals in one time interval of the trigger signals when the time interval is the second time interval or the time interval after the second time interval of the trigger signals, and controlling a flat panel detector to read out an image data stream once by utilizing each pulse in the plurality of pulse signals;
and carrying out arithmetic average processing on a plurality of image data streams read out by the flat panel detector in a time interval of the trigger signal to generate a frame of image.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention detects the interval time of the trigger signal input by the user through the detection module, the signal conversion module converts the external trigger signal, and the trigger signal conversion module automatically generates a plurality of related pulses in the interior immediately after the detection module detects the interval time of the trigger signal, and the related pulses directly control the detector to perform signal reading operation in the subsequent process. Compared with the first method in the background technology, the method does not need to design a plurality of gain gears, and improves the yield of the core photoelectric conversion chip; in addition, the invention does not need to consider a complex gain correction method, thereby reducing the complexity of user hardware and operation; compared with a second method in the background art, the method and the device solve the problem that the acquisition of N times of preset frame rate cannot be effectively realized in the trigger mode, and further the dynamic range can not be improved. The method for improving the dynamic range has clear and definite functions, consumes less computing resources, can achieve the purpose of improving the dynamic range without additional operation of a user, and greatly reduces the burden of the user.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, the triggering mode of the pulse signal is rising edge triggering or falling edge triggering or high level triggering or low level triggering.
Further, when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, triggering to generate a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal, and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by using the pulse signal, specifically comprising the following steps:
when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, triggering and generating a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal and in a second time interval;
and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by using the pulse signal.
Further, when the time interval is the second time interval of the trigger signal, triggering and generating a plurality of pulse signals in one time interval of the trigger signal, and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by utilizing each pulse in the plurality of pulse signals, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
triggering generation of a plurality of said pulse signals within a second time interval of said trigger signal and after one of said pulse signals generated after a first of said time intervals of said trigger signal when said time interval is said second time interval of said trigger signal;
and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by using each pulse of a plurality of pulse signals.
Further, the interval time, the number of pulses in the plurality of pulse signals generated by triggering in one time interval of the triggering signal, and the time required for the flat panel detector to perform one image data stream readout satisfy the following formulas:
wherein T represents the interval time, N represents the number of pulses in the plurality of pulse signals generated by triggering in one time interval of the trigger signal, and Tr represents the time required for the flat panel detector to perform one image data stream readout.
The invention also provides a device for improving the dynamic range of the flat panel detector in the trigger mode, which solves the technical problems and has the following specific technical scheme:
a device for improving the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a trigger mode comprises a detection module and a signal conversion module;
the detection module is used for detecting a time interval of the trigger signal;
when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, the signal conversion module is used for triggering and generating a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal, and controlling a flat panel detector to read out an image data stream once by using the pulse signal; the flat panel detector generates a frame of image from a primary image data stream read out after the first time interval of the trigger signal;
when the time interval is the second time interval or the time interval after the second time interval of the trigger signals, the signal conversion module is used for triggering and generating a plurality of pulse signals in one time interval of the trigger signals, and controlling a flat panel detector to read out an image data stream once by utilizing each pulse in the plurality of pulse signals; the flat panel detector performs arithmetic average processing on a plurality of image data streams read out in a time interval of the trigger signal to generate a frame of image.
Further, the triggering mode of the pulse signal is rising edge triggering or falling edge triggering or high level triggering or low level triggering.
Further, when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, the signal conversion module is specifically configured to trigger to generate a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal and in a second time interval; and the pulse signal is used for controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once.
Further, when the time interval is the second time interval of the trigger signal, the signal conversion module is specifically configured to trigger to generate a plurality of pulse signals after one pulse signal generated after the first time interval of the trigger signal in the second time interval of the trigger signal; and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by using each pulse of the pulse signals.
Further, the interval time, the number of pulses in the plurality of pulse signals generated by triggering in one time interval of the triggering signal, and the time required for the flat panel detector to perform one image data stream readout satisfy the following formulas:
wherein T represents the interval time, N represents the number of pulses in the plurality of pulse signals generated by triggering in one time interval of the trigger signal, and Tr represents the time required for the flat panel detector to perform one image data stream readout.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for increasing the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a trigger mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of a falling edge trigger of a dynamic range of a flat panel lift detector in a falling edge trigger mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of a falling edge trigger of a dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a falling edge trigger mode in a method for increasing the dynamic range of the flat panel detector in the trigger mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a second falling edge trigger timing diagram of the dynamic range of the flat panel detector in the falling edge trigger mode in a method for increasing the dynamic range of the flat panel detector in the trigger mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for increasing the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a trigger mode, which includes the following steps:
a method for increasing the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a triggered mode, comprising the steps of:
s1, detecting a time interval of a trigger signal;
s2, when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, triggering to generate a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal, and controlling a flat panel detector to read out an image data stream once by utilizing the pulse signal;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, triggering and generating a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal and in a second time interval; and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by using the pulse signal.
S3, reading out a primary image data stream of the flat panel detector after the first time interval of the trigger signal to generate a frame of image;
s4, triggering and generating a plurality of pulse signals in one time interval of the trigger signals when the time interval is the second time interval or the time interval after the second time interval of the trigger signals, and controlling a flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by utilizing each pulse in the plurality of pulse signals;
specifically, when the time interval is the second time interval of the trigger signal, triggering to generate a plurality of pulse signals within the second time interval of the trigger signal and after one pulse signal generated after the first time interval of the trigger signal; and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by using each pulse of a plurality of pulse signals.
S5, carrying out arithmetic average processing on a plurality of image data streams read out by the flat panel detector in a time interval of the trigger signal to generate a frame of image.
The triggering mode of the pulse signal is rising edge triggering or falling edge triggering or high-level triggering or low-level triggering. The falling edge trigger indicates that one time interval of the trigger signal is the time interval between two adjacent falling edges of the trigger signal; the rising edge trigger indicates that one time interval of the trigger signal is the time interval between two adjacent rising edges of the trigger signal; the high level trigger indicates that one time interval of the trigger signal is the duration of one high level of the trigger signal; a low level trigger means that one time interval of the trigger signal is a time during which the trigger signal is low.
Preferably, the following formula is satisfied between the interval time, the number of pulses in the plurality of pulse signals generated by triggering in one time interval of the trigger signal, and the time required for the flat panel detector to perform one image data stream readout:
wherein T represents the interval time, N represents the number of pulses in the plurality of pulse signals generated by triggering in one time interval of the trigger signal, and Tr represents the time required for the flat panel detector to perform one image data stream readout.
As shown in fig. 2, taking a falling edge triggering as an example, after a user sets an instruction to start acquisition, the user inputs a trigger signal from the outside of the detector, and when the detector receives the falling edge of the trigger signal, the detector starts signal readout. Because of the progressive scanning readout mode of the flat panel detector, there is a certain readout time Tr in the readout, which is directly related to the design of the core photoelectric conversion chip of the flat panel detector, and is usually a fixed value in the same mode, while the interval time between the falling edges of the adjacent 2 external trigger signals is called as the integration time, which is controlled by the user and can be changed as required, and the integration time is positively related to the received dose of the detector during the exposure of the continuous radiation source.
It can be seen that the implementation of method two depends on the frame rate set by the user, and when the user uses the trigger mode, the frame rate is determined by the trigger signal interval input by the user, and the implementation of method two cannot be effectively implemented.
As shown in fig. 3, a method for increasing the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a trigger mode includes the following steps:
(1) setting an acquisition starting instruction;
(2) setting the time of the jump edge of the nth trigger signal as kn and taking the time from the time k2 to the time k1 as an integration time T;
(3) generating a rapid pulse control detector in the interior at time k2 to read out signals, and generating an image corresponding to the 1 st trigger signal by using the image data stream;
(4) generating N time interval T/N pulses between the time k2 and the time k3, performing N times of signal reading by the corresponding detector, and generating an image corresponding to the 2 nd trigger signal after arithmetic averaging of N times of image data streams;
(5) and (4) repeating the step until the user sets the instruction to stop collecting.
As shown in fig. 4, in this example, the trigger mode uses a falling edge mode, and the actual acquisition frame rate of the detector is 3 times that actually required by the user, and the corresponding specific steps are as follows:
1) Setting an acquisition starting instruction by a user;
2) Setting the jump edge time of the nth trigger signal as kn, recording kn by a counter in the detector, and taking the time between the time k2 and the time k1 as an integration time T;
3) Generating a rapid pulse in the detector at time k2 to control the detector to read out signals, and generating image data corresponding to the 1 st trigger signal by using the image data stream;
4) In the time between the moments k2 and k3, 3 pulses with the time interval T/3 are generated in the detector, 3 signal readouts are carried out on the corresponding detector, and image data corresponding to the 2 nd trigger signal are generated after the 3 image data streams are arithmetically averaged;
5) And (4) repeating the step 4) until the user sets a command for stopping acquisition.
In this embodiment, since the trigger signal conversion module outputs pulse 1 for a fraction of the integration time, the separation time between pulse 1 and pulse 2-1 is less than T/3. However, it is contemplated that the width of pulse 1 may be set on the order of microseconds, while the integration time is typically on the order of milliseconds, so that the interval time here is approximately equal to T/3, without affecting the final test result.
The ratio N between the actual frame rate of the detector and the frame rate required by the user is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; to avoid that the transmission bandwidth limits the network rate that the user can use, the arithmetic averaging operation mentioned in step 4) needs to be implemented in the hardware of the flat panel detector.
Compared with the traditional method based on the embodiment of the invention, the number of the trigger signals input by the user is consistent with the output number of the image data stream, the integration time is not lost, the use of the user is completely satisfied from the function, and the additional operation of the user is not needed. Meanwhile, as the integration time is disassembled into 3 parts, the saturation dosage rate under the single integration time is correspondingly improved by 3 times, and the corresponding dynamic range is improved
Multiple times
According to the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of gain gears are not required to be designed, so that the yield of the core photoelectric conversion chip is improved; in addition, the invention does not need to consider a complex gain correction method, thereby reducing the complexity of user hardware and operation; the problem that N times of preset frame rate acquisition can not be effectively realized in a trigger mode, and further dynamic range improvement can not be realized is solved.
Example 2
Based on embodiment 1, a device for increasing a dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a trigger mode includes a detection module and a signal conversion module;
the detection module is used for detecting a time interval of the trigger signal;
when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, the signal conversion module is used for triggering and generating a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal, and controlling a flat panel detector to read out an image data stream once by using the pulse signal; the flat panel detector generates a frame of image from a primary image data stream read out after the first time interval of the trigger signal;
when the time interval is the second time interval or the time interval after the second time interval of the trigger signals, the signal conversion module is used for triggering and generating a plurality of pulse signals in one time interval of the trigger signals, and controlling a flat panel detector to read out an image data stream once by utilizing each pulse in the plurality of pulse signals; the flat panel detector performs arithmetic average processing on a plurality of image data streams read out in a time interval of the trigger signal to generate a frame of image.
The triggering mode of the pulse signal is rising edge triggering or falling edge triggering or high-level triggering or low-level triggering.
When the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, the signal conversion module is specifically configured to trigger to generate a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal and in a second time interval; and the pulse signal is used for controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once.
When the time interval is the second time interval of the trigger signal, the signal conversion module is specifically configured to trigger to generate a plurality of pulse signals after one pulse signal generated after the first time interval of the trigger signal in the second time interval of the trigger signal; and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by using each pulse of the pulse signals.
The interval time, the number of pulses in the pulse signals generated by triggering in one time interval of the triggering signals and the time required by the flat panel detector for reading out the image data stream satisfy the following formulas:
wherein T represents the interval time, N represents the number of pulses in the plurality of pulse signals generated by triggering in one time interval of the trigger signal, and Tr represents the time required for the flat panel detector to perform one image data stream readout.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the detection module is arranged, the interval time of the trigger signal input by the user is detected by the detection module, the signal conversion module is arranged, and a plurality of relevant pulses are automatically generated in the trigger signal conversion module immediately after the interval time of the trigger signal is detected by the detection module, and the relevant pulses directly control the detector to perform signal reading operation in the subsequent process. The device for improving the dynamic range provided by the embodiment of the invention has clear and definite functions, consumes less computing resources, can achieve the purpose of improving the dynamic range without additional operation of a user, and greatly reduces the burden of the user.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for increasing the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a triggered mode, comprising the steps of:
detecting a time interval of the trigger signal;
when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, triggering to generate a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal, and controlling a flat panel detector to read an image data stream once by using the pulse signal;
reading out a primary image data stream of the flat panel detector after the first time interval of the trigger signal to generate a frame of image;
triggering to generate a plurality of pulse signals in one time interval of the trigger signals when the time interval is the second time interval or the time interval after the second time interval of the trigger signals, and controlling a flat panel detector to read out an image data stream once by utilizing each pulse in the plurality of pulse signals;
and carrying out arithmetic average processing on a plurality of image data streams read out by the flat panel detector in a time interval of the trigger signal to generate a frame of image.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the trigger mode of the pulse signal is a rising edge trigger or a falling edge trigger or a high level trigger or a low level trigger.
3. The method for increasing the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a trigger mode according to claim 1, wherein when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, triggering to generate a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal, and controlling the flat panel detector to perform one image data stream readout by using the pulse signal, specifically comprising the following steps:
when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, triggering and generating a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal and in a second time interval;
and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by using the pulse signal.
4. The method for increasing the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a triggered mode according to claim 1, wherein: when the time interval is the second time interval of the trigger signal, triggering and generating a plurality of pulse signals in one time interval of the trigger signal, and controlling a flat panel detector to read out an image data stream by utilizing each pulse in the plurality of pulse signals, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of:
triggering generation of a plurality of said pulse signals within a second time interval of said trigger signal and after one of said pulse signals generated after a first of said time intervals of said trigger signal when said time interval is said second time interval of said trigger signal;
and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by using each pulse of a plurality of pulse signals.
5. The method of claim 1 to 4, wherein the interval time, the number of pulses in the plurality of pulse signals generated by triggering in a time interval of the trigger signal, and the time required for the flat panel detector to perform one image data stream readout satisfy the following formula:
wherein T represents the interval time, N represents the number of pulses in the plurality of pulse signals generated by triggering in one time interval of the trigger signal, and Tr represents the time required for the flat panel detector to perform one image data stream readout.
6. The device for improving the dynamic range of the flat panel detector in the triggering mode is characterized by comprising a detection module and a signal conversion module;
the detection module is used for detecting a time interval of the trigger signal;
when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, the signal conversion module is used for triggering and generating a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal, and controlling a flat panel detector to read out an image data stream once by using the pulse signal; the flat panel detector generates a frame of image from a primary image data stream read out after the first time interval of the trigger signal;
when the time interval is the second time interval or the time interval after the second time interval of the trigger signals, the signal conversion module is used for triggering and generating a plurality of pulse signals in one time interval of the trigger signals, and controlling a flat panel detector to read out an image data stream once by utilizing each pulse in the plurality of pulse signals; the flat panel detector performs arithmetic average processing on a plurality of image data streams read out in a time interval of the trigger signal to generate a frame of image.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the trigger mode of the pulse signal is a rising edge trigger or a falling edge trigger or a high level trigger or a low level trigger.
8. The apparatus for increasing the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a triggered mode according to claim 6, wherein when the time interval is the first time interval of the trigger signal, the signal conversion module is specifically configured to trigger to generate a pulse signal after the first time interval of the trigger signal and within a second time interval; and the pulse signal is used for controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once.
9. The apparatus for increasing the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a triggered mode according to claim 6, wherein when the time interval is a second time interval of the trigger signal, the signal conversion module is specifically configured to trigger generation of a plurality of the pulse signals after one of the pulse signals generated during the second time interval of the trigger signal and after a first of the time intervals of the trigger signal; and controlling the flat panel detector to read out the image data stream once by using each pulse of the pulse signals.
10. The apparatus for increasing the dynamic range of a flat panel detector in a trigger mode according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the interval time, the number of pulses in the plurality of pulse signals generated by triggering in one time interval of the trigger signal, and the time required for the flat panel detector to perform one image data stream readout satisfy the following formulas:
wherein T represents the interval time, N represents the number of pulses in the plurality of pulse signals generated by triggering in one time interval of the trigger signal, and Tr represents the time required for the flat panel detector to perform one image data stream readout.
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| CN117490838B (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-03-19 | 成都善思微科技有限公司 | High-reliability flat panel detector data acquisition method, system and computer |
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