CN116025406A - Tunnel dust removal system and dust removal method thereof - Google Patents
Tunnel dust removal system and dust removal method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116025406A CN116025406A CN202310141747.8A CN202310141747A CN116025406A CN 116025406 A CN116025406 A CN 116025406A CN 202310141747 A CN202310141747 A CN 202310141747A CN 116025406 A CN116025406 A CN 116025406A
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Abstract
The invention provides a tunnel dust removal system and a dust removal method thereof. The tunnel dust removing system comprises a blower, a entrainment device, a dust removing device, an exhaust fan, a booster device, an air curtain device and a return air pipeline, wherein the blower is communicated with an air inlet of the booster device, and an air outlet of the booster device is opposite to a dust collection cylinder of the entrainment device; the blower and the booster device are integrated, and the air curtain device, the entrainment device, the dust removing device and the exhaust fan are integrated; the entrainment device, the dust removing device and the exhaust fan are sequentially in air path communication; the exhaust fan provides air flow for the air curtain device through the return air pipeline, and simultaneously provides tangential air flow for the entrainment device. Compared with the related art, the invention has the characteristics of integration of surface dust removal and space dust removal, high dust removal efficiency, environmental friendliness, energy conservation and the like; the dust removing device can be applied to dust removal in construction tunnels or operation tunnels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a tunnel dust removal system and a dust removal method thereof.
Background
Because the tunnel is constructed, the traffic line can be greatly shortened, the cultivated land can be saved, and the like, the tunnel is a common building facility in traffic engineering.
The drilling and blasting method can generate a great amount of dust during tunnel construction. Excessive dust in the construction tunnel is not beneficial to construction and is also unfavorable to the health of workers. At present, the basic dust removal modes commonly used in the construction tunnel comprise a natural sedimentation method, a wind power discharge method and a water spray sedimentation method. The natural sedimentation method is a method in which after blasting, constructors withdraw from an operation area and wait for a large amount of dust to settle by gravity onto the ground of a tunnel before construction is started. The sedimentation time required by the method is long, and the construction progress is seriously influenced. The wind power discharging method discharges dust-containing air in the tunnel in a pressing-in type, or drawing-out type or a mixed mode of the two, but because the air inlet and the air outlet adopted by the method are far smaller than the section of the tunnel, the generated air flow cannot fill the space of the tunnel to cause low space dust removal efficiency, and the air flow cannot fully and efficiently act on the local tunnel wall surfaces in different directions at a flexible angle to cause that dust adhered on the tunnel wall surfaces is difficult to fall off. In addition, the dust-containing air flow is directly discharged out of the tunnel portal, and the atmospheric pollution is seriously generated. The water spray sedimentation method adopts water mist to spray to the tunnel space, but the space suspended by dust is large and has high concentration, and a large amount of water is needed to remove dust effectively, so the water spray sedimentation method is not suitable for being used in water-deficient areas, and is easy to cause the tunnel to be muddy on the ground so as to be unfavorable for walking and construction of workers, and serious surface pollution can be generated on mud discharged to a tunnel portal.
Currently, for the dust removal of an operation tunnel, mechanical contact, hydraulic or pneumatic modes and the like are generally adopted. The mechanical contact dust removal mainly cleans the accessible area by using tools such as a broom and a mop by manpower, so that the dust removal range is small, the dust removal efficiency is low, and the electrical facilities are easy to be damaged by touching. The hydraulic cleaning mainly adopts a method of flushing with pressurized water, so that the environment is easy to be moist, electric appliances are easy to leak or short-circuit, even signal transmission and control of an operation train in a tunnel are influenced, driving safety is caused, and a water-deficient city is difficult to bear the hydraulic flushing of a long-distance tunnel. The pneumatic cleaning is usually carried out by negative pressure and a method of sucking dust-containing air flow by a dust suction device, but because of the limit requirement of railway vehicle design, the dust suction device arranged on the vehicle has to be far away from the dust removal surface, so that the dust removal on the surface of a ballast bed and the surface of a tunnel wall is difficult to be effectively realized, and the dust collection in a far-front space is more difficult to be realized; in addition, the tunnel wall surface is often provided with electrical equipment, so that air flow is difficult to enter the tunnel wall surface shielded by the electrical equipment, and dust removal of the tunnel wall surface at the corresponding position is difficult; if the dust collection device is manually operated, the dust collection efficiency is too low because the automation degree is not high and the dust collection range can only be carried out within the reach of manpower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly and efficient tunnel dust removal system and a dust removal method thereof, which are suitable for both tunnel surface dust removal and tunnel space dust removal.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the tunnel dust removing system comprises a blower, a entrainment device, a dust removing device, an exhaust fan, a power assisting device and an air curtain device, wherein the power assisting device and the air curtain device are respectively provided with an air outlet and an air inlet; the blower and the booster device are integrated and can move integrally, and the air curtain device, the entrainment device, the dust removing device and the exhaust fan are integrated and can move integrally; the wind-sucking device, the dust removing device and the exhaust fan are sequentially in air path communication, and the wind suction inlet of the wind-sucking device is arranged towards the wind outlet of the power assisting device; the exhaust fan is communicated with the air inlet of the air curtain device through a return air pipeline, and the tangential air inlet of the entrainment device is communicated with the exhaust fan through the return air pipeline.
In the scheme, dust adhered to the wall surface of the tunnel can be blown off through the entrainment flow field in the independent or collaborative tunnel by the aid of the power assisting device, the dust suspended in the tunnel is pushed to the entrainment device, the dust is sucked through the entrainment device, the sucked dust is treated by the dust removing device, and clean air flow is returned to the entrainment device and the air curtain device for recycling, so that the dust remover has the characteristics of surface and space integrated dust removal and the energy saving advantage.
In addition, two integrated and independently movable integers are adopted, on one hand, the booster wind (radial booster wind and longitudinal booster wind) generated by the booster device is on the premise of not weakening the entrainment flow field generated by the entrainment device in the tunnel, and on the other hand, when the longitudinal wind generated by the booster device cannot effectively send dust into the entrainment flow field generated by the entrainment device in the tunnel, the distance between the two movable integers is shortened, so that the synergistic dust removal is realized.
Preferably, the periphery of the booster device is connected with a plurality of radial blowing-assisting nozzles through a spherical hinge to generate blowing-assisting air which acts on the tunnel wall so as to help the entrainment flow field formed by the entrainment device to drive away dust on the tunnel wall, and the booster device is provided with a plurality of longitudinal sucking-assisting nozzles towards the dust collection cylinder to generate air-assisting air suction so as to help the entrainment flow field formed by the entrainment device to suck away suspended dust in front of the entrainment device, and all the radial blowing-assisting nozzles and all the longitudinal sucking-assisting nozzles are provided with switches.
Typically, the blower is located in the area to be dedusted, and the dedusting device is located in the dedusted area. The dust on the wall surface is blown off by the air flow generated by the radial blowing-assisting nozzle on the power assisting device, and the air curtain generated by the air curtain device prevents the dust from entering the part of the dedusted dedusters, so that the dust can be concentrated between the power assisting device and the entrainment device for dedusting treatment.
Preferably, the booster is mounted on the blower through a revolute pair, and when the longitudinal suction nozzle works, the rotary direction of the booster is consistent with the rotary direction of the rotary air flow generated by the entrainment device, so that the entrainment effect of the air flow in the tunnel space is enhanced; the winding device and the booster are arranged horizontally, so that the air flow independently blown out by the longitudinal booster nozzle is ensured to be directed to the dust collection cylinder on the winding device when the booster is not rotated.
The outlet of the radial auxiliary blowing nozzle can be adjusted to be opposite to the air outlet of the air curtain device according to the requirement, and can be adjusted to be at different angles with the radial position line of the auxiliary blowing nozzle.
The power assisting device can rotate clockwise or anticlockwise or alternately according to the dust removing requirement, so that radial airflow can scan the corresponding whole section, or rotate to a certain position and fix the optimal position of the radial air tap, and long-time dust removal is carried out on the wall surface difficult to remove locally.
Preferably, the entrainment device comprises a dust collection cylinder and a tornado generator for generating entrainment flow fields in the dust collection cylinder; the cyclone generator is provided with a tangential wind inlet and a entrainment device outlet, the return air pipeline is communicated with the tangential wind inlet, and the entrainment device outlet is communicated with the dust collector.
Preferably, the tornado generator comprises a total circulation channel, a entrainment flow field generating cylinder and a plurality of uniformly distributed tangential wind distribution channels, wherein the entrainment flow field generating cylinder is arranged in the total circulation channel, the tangential wind distribution channels are communicated with the total circulation channel and the entrainment flow field generating cylinder, and the tangential wind distribution channels provide tangential wind for generating rotary motion for the entrainment flow field generating cylinder; the tangential wind inlet is communicated with the total circulation channel, the outlet of the entrainment flow field generating cylinder is the outlet of the entrainment device, and entrainment airflow which moves spirally towards the whole exhaust fan is generated in the entrainment flow field generating cylinder under the combined action of tangential wind provided by a plurality of tangential wind distribution channels and axial negative pressure generated by the exhaust fan.
Preferably, the dust collection cylinder is a horn cylinder, the large caliber of the horn cylinder faces the booster device, and the large caliber of the horn cylinder is used for expanding the entrainment flow field formed in the entrainment flow field generation cylinder into the tunnel, so that the entrainment flow field which is spirally advanced towards the whole dust collection cylinder is formed in the tunnel, and the distance between the dust collection cylinder and the booster device is set on the premise that the entrainment flow field which is expanded into the tunnel through the dust collection cylinder is not weakened by the aid of the blower generated by the booster device. The distance between the dust collection cylinder and the power assisting device is on the premise that the auxiliary blowing and the auxiliary suction generated by the power assisting device do not weaken the entrainment flow field which is expanded into the tunnel through the dust collection cylinder.
Preferably, the return air pipeline is provided with an air valve, and the air valve is arranged close to an air inlet of the air curtain device.
The air valve is used for adjusting the air flow in the entrainment device and the air curtain device. The air flow in the return air pipeline is divided into two air flows by adjusting the opening size of the air valve, one air flow enters the air curtain device through the air valve, and the other air flow is sent to the tangential air inlet on the entrainment device.
Preferably, the air curtain device comprises two cover plates and a plurality of support columns for separating the two cover plates; the peripheries of the two cover plates are bent towards the power assisting device to form an annular groove, and the annular groove forms an air outlet of the air curtain device; the annular groove is arranged opposite to the power assisting device. The air outlet of the air curtain device blows out radial air flow to form an air curtain so as to prevent dust from diffusing to a tunnel area where the dust removing device is located.
The design structure of the cover plate and the annular groove of the air curtain device enables the air flow blown out of the air curtain device to form an annular air curtain, and dust is prevented from entering a cleaned area.
Preferably, the axial lines of the radial air outlets of the radial blowing nozzles on the booster are different from the corresponding radial lines on the booster in the size of included angles during operation. So as to ensure that the tunnel wall is subjected to radial wind in different directions. .
The invention also provides a tunnel dust removing method, which is carried out by adopting the tunnel dust removing system and comprises the following steps:
the auxiliary device receives air flow conveyed by the blower, and generates auxiliary air from the auxiliary device, namely auxiliary air blowing and auxiliary air suction, wherein the auxiliary air blowing is used for helping a entrainment flow field in a tunnel to drive away dust on a tunnel wall, and the auxiliary air suction is used for helping the entrainment flow field in the tunnel to convey the dust suspended in the tunnel into the dust suction cylinder;
the air curtain generated by the air curtain device can prevent dust from diffusing to a tunnel area where the dust removing device is positioned;
the entrainment device generates an entrainment flow field which integrally advances towards the dust collection cylinder in a spiral way in the tunnel through the dust collection cylinder, so that adhered dust is separated from the wall surface, and suspended dust enters the dust collection cylinder;
the clean air flow after dust removal treatment by the dust removal device enters the return air pipeline through the exhaust fan, and part of the clean air flow flows back to the air curtain device to form an air curtain; another part is sent to the tangential wind inlet and enters the total circulation channel to form a rotating airflow;
the following control may be performed: the flow of the blower and the exhaust fan, the rotating speed and the steering of the booster device, the position of the radial blowing-assisting nozzle, the flow rate of the radial blowing-assisting nozzle and the longitudinal sucking-assisting nozzle, the distance between the booster device and the dust collection cylinder and the flow rate of the air curtain, thereby realizing the cooperative dust collection of a tunnel space and a tunnel wall between the booster device and the entrainment device;
when the dust suspended in front of the dust collection cylinder is difficult to smoothly suck into the entrainment device by means of the entrainment flow field in the tunnel, the booster device is started to generate the induced draft with corresponding flow velocity to assist the suspended dust into the entrainment device; when the dust on the tunnel wall is difficult to smoothly drive away by means of the entrainment flow field in the tunnel expanded by the dust collection cylinder, the booster device is started to generate booster air with corresponding flow velocity so as to separate the dust from the tunnel wall.
The distance between the dust collection cylinder and the power assisting device is based on the premise that the power assisting wind generated by the power assisting device does not weaken the entrainment flow field which is expanded into the tunnel through the dust collection cylinder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the application range is wide: the tunnel dust removing system can simultaneously remove dust on a large scale on the wall surface of the tunnel and the space of the tunnel, and can be applied to construction of the tunnel; the method can also be applied to an operation tunnel;
2. the dust removal efficiency is high: in the first aspect, the cyclone generator generates rotary air flow in the entrainment flow field generating cylinder, and then the rotary air flow is expanded into the tunnel through the dust collection cylinder by virtue of the internal friction characteristic of the rotary air flow, so that the horizontal artificial cyclone which is similar to the cyclone in nature and integrally spirally moves in the tunnel, namely the horizontal entrainment flow field; the horizontal artificial tornado can act on the far surface in a large-section tunnel and can fill the whole tunnel space, so that the integrated dust collection capacity of a large space and a large area is achieved, and the negative pressure of negative pressure dust collection only can carry out near-distance surface dust collection or short-distance space dust collection due to rapid attenuation along with the distance. In a second aspect, the tunnel dust removal system comprises a booster device, wherein a radial blowing-assisting nozzle arranged on the booster device ensures that local surfaces of various position shapes on the tunnel wall can assist blowing air flow to effectively drive away dust by the following measures: 1) The position of the radial assist nozzle can be correspondingly changed by a control system according to the local position shape of the tunnel wall, and 2) the rotation speed, the rotation direction and the jet speed of the radial assist nozzle of the assist device can be changed, so that the jet speeds in different directions are synthesized. In addition, when dust is difficult to remove from a place on the tunnel wall, the booster device can be prevented from rotating, and the air flow with the optimal direction can be aimed at the place for long time to remove the dust on the surface of the place. In a third aspect, the airflow generated by the longitudinal auxiliary suction nozzle mounted on the booster device has the following two effects: 1) The dust collection tube which is far away from the front of the dust collection tube and is used for sucking dust at the weakened part of the airflow in the tunnel can be pushed to the dust collection tube of the entrainment device, and the entrainment device is assisted to complete dust collection; 2) The entrainment intensity of the airflow in the tunnel and the length of the entrainment space can be enhanced by adopting the same rotation direction as the entrainment airflow. The measures of the three aspects effectively solve the defects that the current construction tunnel pneumatic dust removal mode cannot cover the tunnel surface and cannot fill the tunnel space, and also solve the defect that the dust collection effect is poor because the vehicle-mounted negative pressure dust collection device is far away from the tunnel wall due to the restriction of vehicle design in the current operation tunnel. In addition, the tunnel dust removal system can realize sectional dust removal under the integrated operation of the surface and the space of the long tunnel by adopting a movable dust removal method, thereby avoiding the defect that dust-containing air flow is difficult to flow along the tunnel for a long distance. Therefore, the dust removing effect of the construction tunnel or the operation tunnel is obviously improved compared with that of the traditional dust removing method.
3. Energy saving and environmental protection: the tunnel dust removing system adopts a return air pipeline, so that air flow discharged by the exhaust fan cannot be directly discharged into the tunnel to cause secondary dust raising in the tunnel and interference of entrainment dust removing flow fields, and the air flow is recycled as tangential air and air curtain air, thereby realizing energy conservation; in addition, because the dust removing device is integrated, the dust-containing air flow is prevented from being discharged out of the atmosphere outside the tunnel, and mud is prevented from being discharged to the ground surface outside the tunnel, so that the dust removing device has obvious environmental protection advantages.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel dust removal system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the power assist device in a non-rotated state taken along section A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the air curtain device in section along B-B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the air curtain device taken along the line D-D in FIG. 3
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a tornado generator in cross-section taken along line C-C in FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic operation view of the radial assist nozzle and the longitudinal assist nozzle in a non-rotating state of the assist device in the construction tunnel in a sectional view A-A in fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic working diagram of the radial assist blowing nozzle and the longitudinal assist suction nozzle in a state that the assist device in the subway operation tunnel is not rotated along the section A-A in fig. 1.
In the drawings, a 1-blower, a 2-booster, a 21-radial booster nozzle, a 22-longitudinal booster nozzle, a 23-revolute pair, a 3-air curtain device, a 31-annular groove, a 32-cover plate, a 33-supporting column, a 4-entrainment device, a 41-dust collection cylinder, a 42-tornado generator, a 421-total circulation channel, a 422-entrainment flow field generation cylinder, a 423-tangential wind distribution channel, a 43-tangential wind inlet, a 44-entrainment device outlet, a 5-dust removal device, a 6-return air pipeline, a 61-air valve, a 7-exhaust fan, an 8-lighting lamp, a 9-cable and a 10-distribution box.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" are used hereinafter to denote only the directions corresponding to the upper, lower, left, and right directions of the drawings, and do not limit the structure.
As shown in fig. 1, the tunnel dust removal system provided in this embodiment includes a blower 1, a booster device 2, an air curtain device 3, a entrainment device 4, a dust removal device 5, an exhaust fan 7, and a return air duct 6.
The blower 1 and the booster 2 are integrated and can move integrally, specifically: the blower 1 is installed on the movable trolley, the booster 2 is installed on an air outlet pipeline of the blower 1 by taking the air outlet central line of the blower 1 as an axis through a revolute pair 23, and the rotating shaft of the booster 2 is approximately parallel to the ground of a tunnel. The booster device 2 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air outlet of the blower 1 is communicated with the air inlet of the booster device 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the periphery of the booster device 2 is connected with a plurality of radial blowing-assisting nozzles 21 through a spherical hinge, so that the radial blowing-assisting nozzles 21 can realize spherical rotation relative to the booster device 2, and the wind blown by the radial blowing-assisting nozzles 21 is radial wind which is directed to the tunnel wall. When the entrainment device 4 has weak effect of expelling the dust on the wall of the tunnel through the entrainment flow field expanded in the tunnel by the dust absorption cylinder 41, the radial auxiliary blower needs to be started to strengthen the effect of expelling the dust on the wall of the tunnel; when the entrainment device 4 has sufficient driving action on the dust of the tunnel wall through the entrainment flow field of the suction drum 41 expanding in the tunnel, the radial auxiliary blowing can be stopped.
The left end of the booster device 2 facing the air curtain device 3 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal auxiliary suction nozzles 22, and the radial auxiliary blowing nozzles 21 and the longitudinal auxiliary suction nozzles 22 form an air outlet of the booster device 2.
The booster 2 may be a hollow support plate. The radial auxiliary blowing nozzle 21 can realize the adjustment of the angle position by adding a corresponding control system and a driving device, so that the auxiliary blowing flow generated by the radial auxiliary blowing nozzle 21 can sweep the local tunnel wall surfaces or gaps with various position shapes as much as possible at an angle which is most favorable for driving away dust.
The longitudinal auxiliary suction nozzle 22 is positioned in the middle of the booster device 2, and when the booster device 2 does not rotate, the longitudinal auxiliary suction nozzle 22 generates longitudinal auxiliary suction flowing along the central line of the air outlet of the blower 1. The radial auxiliary blowing nozzle 21 and the longitudinal auxiliary suction nozzle 22 can be opened or closed according to the requirement by adding corresponding control systems and driving devices. The degree to which the tunnel surface is covered with dust and the degree to which the dust is suspended in the tunnel space are dependent on whether it is opened or closed or not, and in general, the greater the intensity of the auxiliary blower or auxiliary suction is required when the thicker the dust covered on the tunnel surface or the higher the suspended concentration in the tunnel space is detected by the relevant sensor. When dust covered by a local surface of a tunnel in a certain position is difficult to dislodge, the booster device may be kept from rotating so that the airflow most advantageous for dislodge dust angles continues to impinge on the surface for a period of time.
Corresponding control systems and driving devices can be additionally arranged to drive the booster device 2 to rotate through the revolute pair 23 so as to drive the radial blowing-assisting nozzle 21 and the longitudinal blowing-assisting nozzle 22 to scan the corresponding circumference, wherein the absolute speed of air flow generated by the radial blowing-assisting nozzle 21 is the combination of the rotation dragging speed of the booster device 2 and the relative speed of air flow injection, the direction change of the absolute speed of jet flow at different moments can be realized by adjusting the dragging speed, so that the air flow impact on the tunnel surface with different local shapes can be realized, and dust is separated from the tunnel surface.
As shown in fig. 1, the air curtain device 3 is integrated with the entrainment device 4, the dust removing device 5 and the exhaust fan 7 and can move integrally. Specifically, the air curtain device 3, the entrainment device 4, the dust removing device 5 and the exhaust fan 7 are integrally arranged on a movable trolley, and the movable trolley of the power assisting device 2 can independently control the respective movement by additionally arranging a control system so as to realize the adjustment of the distance between the movable trolley and the movable trolley. Generally, when the distance between the booster 2 and the entrainment device 4 is greater than the length of the effective entrainment airflow formed in the tunnel, the corresponding longitudinal entrainment airflow needs to be increased to push the dust, which is slightly affected by the entrainment airflow, at a far position in front of the dust collection cylinder 41 into the effective entrainment flow field; however, when the distance between the booster 2 and the entrainment device 4 is less than or equal to the length of the effective entrainment airflow formed in the tunnel, the longitudinal entrainment airflow is deactivated so as not to destroy the effective entrainment flow field in the tunnel. The detection of the length of the effective entrainment flow field in the tunnel can be realized by adding an anemometer and a ranging sensor. When the entrainment device 4 removes dust in the tunnel length direction in a short tunnel, or when the entrainment device 4 removes dust facing the tunnel wall, there is a possibility that there is no space for placing the booster 2, the booster 2 may be eliminated.
The entrainment device 4, the dust removing device 5 and the exhaust fan 7 are sequentially in air path communication, and an air suction inlet of the entrainment device 4 is arranged towards the booster device 2. The winding device 4 and the booster device 2 are arranged horizontally, so that the air flow independently blown out by the vertical booster nozzle 22 is ensured to be directed to the dust collection cylinder 41 on the winding device 4 under the condition that the booster device 2 does not rotate.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the air curtain device 3 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air curtain device 3 includes two cover plates 32 which are separately arranged and separated by a plurality of support columns 33. The end of the cover plate 32 is bent towards the booster 2 to form a ring groove 31, and the caliber of the bent end of the ring groove 31 is gradually decreased. The annular groove 31 forms an air outlet of the air curtain device 3. The ring groove 31 is arranged opposite to the booster 2.
The two spaced-apart cover plates 32 form the air curtain device into an annular ring groove 31, said ring groove 31 being arranged opposite the radial blow-off nozzle 21.
The air outlet of the power assisting device 2 is opposite to the air outlet of the air curtain device 3.
As shown in fig. 1, the radial blowing-assisting nozzle 21 blows a radial air flow toward the wall surface of the tunnel, and the annular groove 31 blows a radial air flow toward the wall surface of the tunnel to form an air curtain, so as to prevent a dust-containing air flow from entering the space where the dust removing device 5 is located.
The entrainment device 4 has a horizontal structure and comprises a dust collection cylinder 41 and a tornado generator 42. The dust suction cylinder 41 is a horn cylinder, and the large caliber of the horn cylinder is arranged towards the booster device 2, so that a entrainment flow field formed in the entrainment flow field generating cylinder 422 by the tornado generator 42 is expanded into a tunnel, and a entrainment flow field which spirally advances towards the whole dust suction cylinder 41 is formed in the tunnel.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the exhaust fan 7 is communicated with the air inlet of the air curtain device 3 through the air return pipeline 6 and the air valve 61. The tangential air inlet 43 of the entrainment device 4 communicates with the suction fan 7 through the return air duct 6.
The entrainment device outlet 44 of the tornado generator 42 is in communication with the dust extraction device 5.
The tornado generator 42 includes a total circulation channel 421, a entrainment flow field generating cylinder 422 and a plurality of uniformly distributed tangential wind distribution channels 423, the entrainment flow field generating cylinder 422 is disposed in the total circulation channel 421, the tangential wind distribution channels 423 are communicated between the total circulation channel 421 and the entrainment flow field generating cylinder 422, and the tangential wind distribution channels 423 are tangential to the entrainment flow field generating cylinder 422 to ensure that tangential wind generating rotational motion is provided to the entrainment flow field generating cylinder 22. The tangential wind inlet 43 is communicated with the total circulation channel 421, the outlet of the entrainment flow field generating barrel 422 is the entrainment device outlet 44, and the entrainment airflow spirally moving toward the exhaust fan 7 as a whole is generated in the entrainment flow field generating barrel 422 under the combined action of the tangential wind provided by the tangential wind distributing channels 423 and the axial negative pressure generated by the exhaust fan 7.
The air flow conveyed by the return air pipeline 6 enters the total circulation channel 421 from the tangential air inlet 43 and forms high-speed air flow, the high-speed air flow enters the entrainment flow field generating barrel 422 from the tangential air distribution channel 423, rotary air is formed in the entrainment flow field generating barrel 422, and the entrainment flow field with the characteristics of tornado is formed under the combined action of negative pressure generated by the exhaust fan 7.
Between the booster device 2 and the air curtain device 3, the radial air flow blown out by the radial blowing-assisting nozzle 21 drives off dust on the tunnel wall, which is weakly influenced by the entrainment flow field, the air flow generated by the longitudinal blowing-assisting nozzle 22 pushes the suspended dust, which is weakly influenced by the entrainment flow field, to the entrainment flow field along the longitudinal direction, and then the entrainment flow is sucked from the dust collection cylinder 41 by the entrainment device 4 through the entrainment flow field expanded by the dust collection cylinder 41, and then enters the dust collection device 5.
As shown in fig. 1, the return air duct 6 is provided with an air valve 61, and the air valve 61 is disposed adjacent to the air inlet of the air curtain device 3. By adjusting the opening of the air valve 61, one air stream in the return air duct 6 enters the entrainment device 4 through the tangential air inlet 43 to form a rotating air stream of sufficient strength, and the other air stream enters the air curtain device 3 through the air valve.
The invention also provides a tunnel dust removing method, which is carried out by adopting the tunnel dust removing system and comprises the following steps:
the booster device 2 receives the air flow conveyed by the blower 1, and booster wind is generated from the booster device 2, namely booster wind and booster wind, wherein the booster wind is used for helping a entrainment flow field in a tunnel to drive away dust on a tunnel wall, and the booster wind is used for helping the entrainment flow field in the tunnel to send the dust suspended in the tunnel into the dust suction cylinder.
The air curtain generated by the air curtain device 3 prevents dust from diffusing to the tunnel region where the dust removing device 5 is located.
The entrainment device 4 generates a entrainment flow field which integrally advances spirally towards the dust collection cylinder 41 in the tunnel through the dust collection cylinder 41, so that the adhered dust is separated from the wall surface, and the suspended dust enters the dust collection cylinder 41.
The clean air flow after dust removal treatment by the dust removal device 5 enters the return air pipeline 6 through the exhaust fan 7, and part of the clean air flow flows back to the air curtain device 3 to form an air curtain; another part is fed into the tangential wind inlet 43 into the total circulation channel 421 to form a swirling air flow.
The following control may be performed: the flow of the blower 1 and the exhaust fan 7, the rotating speed of the booster device 2, the position of the radial blowing-assisting nozzle 21, the flow rate of the radial blowing-assisting nozzle 21 and the longitudinal sucking-assisting nozzle 22, the distance between the booster device 2 and the dust collection cylinder 41 and the flow rate of the air curtain, thereby realizing the dust collection of the tunnel space and the tunnel wall between the booster device 2 and the entrainment device 4.
When it is difficult to smoothly suck the suspended dust in front of the dust collection cylinder 41 into the entrainment device 4 by means of the entrainment flow field in the tunnel, the booster device 2 is started to generate the induced draft with corresponding flow velocity to assist in feeding the suspended dust into the entrainment device 4. When the dust on the tunnel wall is difficult to smoothly drive away by means of the entrainment flow field of the dust collection cylinder 41 expanding into the tunnel, the booster device 2 is started to generate a booster air with a corresponding flow rate so as to separate the dust from the tunnel wall. The distance between the dust collection tube 41 and the booster 2 is based on ensuring that the booster wind generated by the booster 2 does not weaken the entrainment flow field extending into the tunnel through the dust collection tube 41.
Embodiment one, dust removal application of construction tunnel:
as shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment is applied to a tunnel constructed by a drill-burst method in which dust concentration is high. The dust removing method for the construction tunnel by using the system comprises the following steps:
firstly, the blower 1 is positioned at one end of a tunnel face, the exhaust fan 7 is positioned at one end of the tunnel mouth, the booster 2 and the air curtain device 3 are adjusted to be at a proper distance through two moving trolleys, and the booster 2 can be rotated by means of the revolute pair 23 by adding corresponding driving devices. In order to ensure that dust on the wall surfaces in different positions and different shapes falls off due to the action of the airflow, the booster 2 often needs to adopt a variable rotation speed to rotate alternately in clockwise and anticlockwise directions, or work when not rotating according to the requirement. In order to ensure the efficiency of entrainment and dust removal, the rotation direction of the booster 2 is consistent with the movement direction of the rotating airflow generated by the entrainment device 4, if the entrainment flow field formed by the entrainment device 4 is clockwise, the booster also rotates clockwise, otherwise, the booster rotates anticlockwise together, so that the formation of the entrainment flow field is more facilitated.
After the radial assist nozzle 21 is adjusted to a proper angle, the radial assist nozzle 21 and the longitudinal assist nozzle 22 are opened.
Because of the high dust concentration of the air in the construction tunnel, it is necessary to open more longitudinal auxiliary suction nozzles 22 on the booster 2.
When the tunnel dust removal system is in operation, the high-speed air flow generated by the radial blowing aid nozzle 21 blows up dust attached to the wall surface and floats the dust in the air. The longitudinal suction assist nozzle 22 generates a velocity longitudinal air flow which on the one hand can push the dust laden air into the entrainment device 4 quickly, and on the other hand, since the central longitudinal suction assist longitudinal air flow of the booster device 2 is relatively high compared to the peripheral air flow velocity, according to the bernoulli effect, a low pressure region will be generated at the central axis (the rotation axis of the booster device 2) so that the dust laden air flow is further concentrated towards the center.
After the entrainment device 4 sucks dust-containing air flow, the dust-containing air flow enters the dust remover 5, the clean air flow after dust removal is sent into the return air pipeline 6 by the exhaust fan 7, wherein one part of the air flow is sent into the entrainment device 4 as rotating air flow, and the other part of the air flow enters the air curtain device 3. The radial air blown out from the annular groove of the air curtain device 3 generates a tight air curtain to prevent dust from diffusing to the cleaned area.
The radial auxiliary blowing nozzle 21 and the longitudinal auxiliary suction nozzle 22 can work jointly or independently according to working condition requirements. It is not necessary to open all the radial assist nozzles 21 or all the longitudinal assist nozzles 22 at the same time, and the radial assist nozzles 21 or the longitudinal assist nozzles 22 at the specified positions may be selected to operate as required. The booster 2 and the entrainment device 4 can also work jointly or independently according to working conditions, but radial air assist or longitudinal air assist generated by the booster 2 cannot damage an effective entrainment flow field in the dust collection cylinder 41 or in front of the dust collection cylinder 41, and cannot inject dust into a tunnel space where the dust collection device is located.
And an air dust concentration detection device can be additionally arranged on the tunnel dust removal system, and once the detection device detects that the dust concentration near the left side of the air curtain device is reduced to a set value, a signal is sent to drive the dust removal system to integrally drive forwards, and the running speed of the dust removal system is not higher than the space length for effectively removing dust in unit time. In principle, the booster device and the air curtain device of the tunnel dust removal system can independently move left and right, but the blower is positioned in the tunnel space without dust removal to ensure that the right end of the air curtain device is not polluted by dust-containing airflow.
In a second embodiment, the dust removal application of the tunnel is operated:
the subway operation tunnel belongs to an operation tunnel with relatively complex internal facilities, and thus, a subway tunnel will be taken as an example. As shown in fig. 7, facilities such as an illumination lamp 8, a cable 9, and a distribution box 10 are installed on the wall surface of the subway tunnel.
Because the subway operation tunnel has the vehicle limit, the dust removal facility can not exceed the limit specified by railway regulations during operation, so that the air tap and the annular groove are far away from the wall surface of the tunnel, and the speed of injecting radial blowing-assisting air flow and air curtain is relatively high. But the air flow speed cannot be too high, on one hand, the effective entrainment flow field in the tunnel cannot be damaged, and on the other hand, the illuminating lamp shade cannot be broken due to the fact that the air flow with the too high speed carries sand.
Facilities such as distribution boxes and cables on the tunnel wall surfaces shield the corresponding tunnel wall surfaces and form open gaps with different directions. Therefore, by additionally arranging a corresponding control system and a driving device to control the positions of the radial auxiliary blowers, the included angles of the axes of all the radial auxiliary blowers relative to the radial line of the auxiliary blowers are different in the same working time (as shown in fig. 7), the included angles of all the auxiliary blowers relative to the radial line of the auxiliary blowers are changed in different times, and under the condition that the auxiliary blowers turn in the same direction, the open gaps with different directions can be effectively injected by the airflows blown by the radial auxiliary blowers. As shown in fig. 7, when the booster unit is stationary, the air flow generated in the radial assist nozzle a can enter a gap between the distribution box and the wall for cleaning; the air flow generated in the radial blowing aid nozzle b can directly enter the gaps between the cables for cleaning. Meanwhile, through clockwise and anticlockwise back and forth rotation or static rotation of the power assisting device, the opportunity of air flow injection in various trend open gaps is further increased, and dust on the adhesion surface is easy to drop.
The working flow of the tunnel dust removal system in the operation tunnel is as follows:
the dust removing system is firstly stopped at a position needing dust removal in the tunnel by two movable trolleys, and the power assisting device is kept at a proper distance from the air curtain device. The booster device 2 correspondingly rotates through the revolute pair, and simultaneously adjusts the position of the radial blowing assisting nozzle to promote the dust adhered on the surface to fall off; when the dust collection efficiency is ensured, the longitudinal auxiliary suction nozzle and the winding device are started at the same time. The direction of rotation and the direction of movement of the rotating air flow generated by the entrainment device 4 remain the same.
At the start-up of the system, a suitable number of longitudinal auxiliary blowers 22 are opened depending on the dust concentration of the air in the tunnel and the distance between the blowing aid and the entrainment device.
When the tunnel dust removal system is in operation, the high-speed air flow generated by the radial blowing aid nozzle 21 blows up dust attached to the wall surface and floats the dust in the air. The longitudinal suction assist nozzle 22 generates a velocity longitudinal air flow which on the one hand can push the dust laden air into the entrainment flow field rapidly, and on the other hand, since the central longitudinal suction assist longitudinal air flow of the blow assist device 2 is relatively high compared to the peripheral air flow velocity, a low pressure region will be generated at the central axis (the rotation axis of the power assist device 2) according to the bernoulli effect, thereby causing the dust laden air flow to be further concentrated toward the center.
After the entrainment device 4 sucks dust-containing air flow, the dust-containing air flow enters the dust remover 5, the clean air flow after dust removal is sent into the return air pipeline 6 by the exhaust fan 7, wherein one part of the air flow is sent into the entrainment device 4 as rotating air flow, and the other part of the air flow enters the air curtain device 3. The radial air blown out from the annular groove of the air curtain device 3 generates a tight air curtain to prevent dust from diffusing to the cleaned area.
The radial auxiliary blowing nozzle 21 and the longitudinal auxiliary suction nozzle 22 can work jointly or independently according to working condition requirements. It is not necessary to open all the radial assist nozzles 21 or all the longitudinal assist nozzles 22 at the same time, and the radial assist nozzles 21 or the longitudinal assist nozzles 22 at the specified positions may be selected to operate as required. The booster 2 and the entrainment device 4 can also work jointly or independently according to working conditions, but radial air assist or longitudinal air assist generated by the booster 2 cannot damage an effective entrainment flow field in the dust collection cylinder 41 or in front of the dust collection cylinder 41, and cannot inject dust into a tunnel space where the dust collection device is located.
And an air dust concentration detection device can be additionally arranged on the tunnel dust removal system, and once the detection device detects that the dust concentration near the left side of the air curtain device is reduced to a set value, a signal is sent to drive the dust removal system to integrally run forwards. In principle, the booster device and the air curtain device of the tunnel dust removal system can independently move left and right, but the blower is positioned in the tunnel space without dust removal to ensure that the right end of the air curtain device is not polluted by dust-containing airflow.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The tunnel dust removing system is characterized by comprising a blower (1), a entrainment device (4), a dust removing device (5), an exhaust fan (7), a power assisting device (2) and an air curtain device (3), wherein the power assisting device (2) and the air curtain device are respectively provided with an air outlet and an air inlet, the outlet of the blower (1) is communicated with the air inlet of the power assisting device (2), and the air outlet of the power assisting device (2) and the air outlet of the air curtain device (3) are oppositely arranged; the blower (1) and the booster device (2) are integrated and can move integrally, and the air curtain device (3) is integrated with the entrainment device (4), the dust removal device (5) and the exhaust fan (7) and can move integrally; the wind-up device (4), the dust removing device (5) and the exhaust fan (7) are sequentially in air path communication, and the air suction inlet of the wind-up device (4) is arranged towards the air outlet of the power assisting device (2); the air inlet of the air curtain device (3) is communicated with the air return pipeline (6) and the exhaust fan (7) through an air valve (61), and the tangential air inlet (43) of the entrainment device (4) is communicated with the exhaust fan (7) through the air return pipeline (6).
2. Tunnel dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that the periphery of the booster device (2) is connected with a plurality of radial blowing-assisted nozzles (21) through a spherical hinge to generate blowing-assisted air to act on the tunnel wall so as to assist the entrainment flow field formed by the entrainment device (4) to drive away dust on the tunnel wall, the booster device (2) is provided with a plurality of longitudinal sucking-assisted nozzles (22) towards the dust suction cylinder (41) to generate an induced draft to assist the entrainment flow field formed by the entrainment device (4) to suck away suspended dust in front of the entrainment device (4), and all the radial blowing-assisted nozzles (21) and all the longitudinal sucking-assisted nozzles (22) are provided with switches.
3. Tunnel dust removal system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the booster device (2) is mounted on the blower (1) by means of a revolute pair (23), the direction of rotation of the booster device (2) being in accordance with the direction of rotation of the rotary air flow generated by the entrainment device (4) when the longitudinal entrainment nozzle (22) is in operation; the winding device (4) and the booster device (2) are arranged horizontally, so that the air flow independently blown out by the longitudinal booster nozzle (22) when the booster device (2) does not rotate is ensured to be directed to a dust collection cylinder (41) on the winding device (4).
4. Tunnel dust removal system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the entrainment device (4) comprises a dust collection cylinder (41) and a tornado generator (42), wherein the tornado generator (42) is provided with a tangential wind inlet (43) and an entrainment device outlet (44), the return air duct (6) is in communication with the tangential wind inlet (43), and the entrainment device outlet (44) of the tornado generator (42) is in communication with the dust removal device (5).
5. The tunnel dust removal system of claim 4, wherein the tornado generator (42) comprises a total circulation channel (421), a entrainment flow field generating cylinder (422) and a plurality of uniformly distributed tangential wind distribution channels (423), the entrainment flow field generating cylinder (422) being disposed within the total circulation channel (421), the plurality of tangential wind distribution channels (423) communicating the total circulation channel (421) with the entrainment flow field generating cylinder (422), the tangential wind distribution channels (423) providing tangential wind generating rotational movement to the entrainment flow field generating cylinder (422); the tangential wind inlet (43) is communicated with the total circulation channel (421), the outlet of the entrainment flow field generating cylinder (422) is the entrainment device outlet (44), and entrainment airflow which moves spirally towards the whole exhaust fan (7) is generated in the entrainment flow field generating cylinder (422) under the combined action of tangential wind provided by the tangential wind distribution channels (423) and axial negative pressure generated by the exhaust fan (7).
6. The tunnel dust removal system according to claim 4, wherein the dust collection cylinder (41) is a horn cylinder, a large caliber of the horn cylinder is arranged towards the booster device (2) and is used for expanding a entrainment flow field formed in the entrainment flow field generating cylinder (422) into the tunnel, so that a entrainment flow field which spirally advances towards the whole dust collection cylinder (41) is formed in the tunnel, and the dust collection cylinder (41) is arranged at a proper distance from the booster device (2).
7. Tunnel dust removal system according to claim 4, characterized in that the return air duct (6) is provided with a gas valve (61), which gas valve (61) is arranged adjacent to the air inlet of the air curtain device (3).
8. Tunnel dust removal system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the air curtain device (3) comprises two cover plates (32), and several support columns (33) separating the two cover plates (32); the peripheries of the two cover plates (32) are bent towards the power assisting device (2) to form an annular groove (31), and the annular groove (31) forms an air outlet of the air curtain device (3); the ring groove (31) is arranged opposite to the booster (2).
9. Tunnel dust removal system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the axes of the radial air outlets of the respective radial blowing nozzles (21) on the aid (2) are in operation at different angles from the respective radial lines on the aid.
10. A tunnel dust removal method using the tunnel dust removal system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
the auxiliary device (2) receives the air flow conveyed by the blower (1), and auxiliary air is generated from the auxiliary device (2), namely auxiliary air and auxiliary air suction, wherein the auxiliary air is used for assisting a entrainment flow field in a tunnel to drive away dust on the wall of the tunnel, and the auxiliary air suction is used for assisting the entrainment flow field in the tunnel to convey the dust suspended in the tunnel into the dust suction cylinder;
the air curtain generated by the air curtain device (3) can prevent dust from diffusing to a tunnel area where the dust removing device (5) is positioned;
the entrainment device (4) generates an entrainment flow field which integrally advances spirally towards the dust collection cylinder (41) in the tunnel through the dust collection cylinder (41), so that adhered dust is separated from the wall surface, and suspended dust enters the dust collection cylinder (41);
the clean air flow after dust removal treatment by the dust removal device (5) enters the return air pipeline (6) through the exhaust fan (7), and part of the clean air flow flows back to the air curtain device (3) to form an air curtain; another part is sent to the tangential wind inlet (43) to enter the total circulation channel (421) to form a rotating airflow;
the following control may be performed: the flow of the blower (1) and the exhaust fan (7), the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the booster device (2), the position of the radial blowing-assisting nozzle (21), the flow rate of the radial blowing-assisting nozzle (21) and the longitudinal blowing-assisting nozzle (22), the distance between the booster device (2) and the dust collection cylinder (41) and the flow rate of the air curtain, so that the cooperative dust removal of a tunnel space and a tunnel wall between the booster device (2) and the entrainment device (4) is realized;
when the dust suspended in front of the dust collection cylinder (41) is difficult to smoothly suck into the entrainment device (4) by means of the entrainment flow field in the tunnel, the booster device (2) is started to generate the induced draft with corresponding flow velocity to assist the suspended dust into the entrainment device (4); when the dust on the tunnel wall is difficult to smoothly drive away by means of the entrainment flow field which is expanded into the tunnel by the dust collection cylinder (41), the booster device (2) is started to generate booster air with corresponding flow velocity so as to lead the dust to be separated from the tunnel wall.
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| CN202310141747.8A CN116025406B (en) | 2023-02-21 | 2023-02-21 | Tunnel dust removal system and dust removal method thereof |
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| CN202310141747.8A CN116025406B (en) | 2023-02-21 | 2023-02-21 | Tunnel dust removal system and dust removal method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0410428A2 (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1991-01-30 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Tunnel dust collecting system |
| CN104695955A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-06-10 | 陈业武 | Wind power expander type strong power air curtain dust controlling device |
| CN109423971A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-03-05 | 中铁华铁工程设计集团有限公司 | Plane jet formula subway tunnel purger |
| CN210395208U (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-04-24 | 中南大学 | Cleaning device based on tornado principle |
| CN113482696A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-10-08 | 南京市公共工程建设中心 | Tunnel natural smoke discharging vertical shaft smoke storage device |
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2023
- 2023-02-21 CN CN202310141747.8A patent/CN116025406B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0410428A2 (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1991-01-30 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Tunnel dust collecting system |
| CN104695955A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-06-10 | 陈业武 | Wind power expander type strong power air curtain dust controlling device |
| CN109423971A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-03-05 | 中铁华铁工程设计集团有限公司 | Plane jet formula subway tunnel purger |
| CN210395208U (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-04-24 | 中南大学 | Cleaning device based on tornado principle |
| CN113482696A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-10-08 | 南京市公共工程建设中心 | Tunnel natural smoke discharging vertical shaft smoke storage device |
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| CN116025406B (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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