CN116021070A - Multi-step multi-cooling-groove drilling tool - Google Patents
Multi-step multi-cooling-groove drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN116021070A CN116021070A CN202111258234.2A CN202111258234A CN116021070A CN 116021070 A CN116021070 A CN 116021070A CN 202111258234 A CN202111258234 A CN 202111258234A CN 116021070 A CN116021070 A CN 116021070A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-step multi-cooling-groove drilling tool, which is sequentially divided into a step cutting area, a secondary cutting area, an inverted cone area and a clamping area from a tool nose to the tail end of a tool shank; the step cutting area consists of n-level step structures, wherein n is more than or equal to 2, the step cutting area sequentially comprises a first-level step structure and an nth-level step structure from the drill tip to the clamping area, and each step structure consists of a step main cutting area and a step auxiliary cutting area; the step structures of each stage are correspondingly provided with cooling groove structures to form cooling groove areas, namely the step structures of the j th stage are provided with the cooling groove structures of the j th stage, wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n; the multi-step multi-cooling-groove drilling tool provided by the invention adopts a double-step structure, is beneficial to reducing drilling axial force and layering defects, can effectively remove burrs at the outlet and inlet, and reduces tearing damage when forming a final hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tool design in machining, in particular to a multi-step multi-cooling-groove drilling tool.
Background
The composite material particularly refers to a carbon fiber reinforced composite material, has been widely applied to high-end equipment, becomes the first choice manufacturing material of key parts of the high-end equipment, but in application, needs to be drilled, is convenient for connection and assembly between parts, and is easy to form burrs at the inlet and outlet of a plate hole and easy to tear and damage at the outlet due to the structural characteristics of the composite material by adopting a traditional drilling mode.
Drill bits dedicated to such materials have also appeared in the art, as described by the patent name: the patent application 201610412512.8 provides a multi-step multi-micro-blade drill bit for drilling holes in a carbon fiber reinforced composite material, but the design parameters of the multi-step multi-micro-blade drill bit especially refer to the angle parameters of a micro-tooth structure, so that the cutter is supposed to be incapable of being processed and has obvious defects.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-step multi-cooling-groove drilling tool, which comprises the following specific scheme:
the multi-step multi-cooling-groove drilling tool is sequentially divided into a step cutting area, a secondary cutting area, an inverted cone area and a clamping area from a tool nose to the tail end of a tool handle; the step cutting area consists of n-level step structures, wherein n is more than or equal to 2, the step cutting area sequentially comprises a first-level step structure and an nth-level step structure from the drill tip to the clamping area, and each step structure consists of a step main cutting area and a step auxiliary cutting area;
the step structures of each stage are correspondingly provided with cooling groove structures to form cooling groove areas, namely the step structures of the j th stage are provided with the cooling groove structures of the j th stage, wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n;
when j is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n, the difference between the cutter edge diameter at the j-th step structure and the cutter edge diameter at the j-1 th step structure is 0.2 to 0.4 times of the cutter edge diameter at the j-th step structure; the axial length of the stepped auxiliary cutting area of each step of the stepped structure is at least provided with one cooling groove; the width of the cutting margin of the secondary cutting edge is 0.1-1.5mm.
Preferably, when j=1, the vertex angle value of the j-th step structure is 80 ° -100 °; when j is more than or equal to 2, the vertex angle value of the j-th stage ladder structure is 60 degrees to 80 degrees, and the vertex angle of the j-th stage ladder structure is smaller than the vertex angle of the j-1-th stage ladder structure.
Preferably, the cooling tank structure of each stage comprises the same number of cooling tanks.
Preferably, the cooling groove on each step closest to the drill tip is axially spaced from the end position of the main cutting edge of the main cutting zone of the step by 0.2-1.0mm.
Preferably, the number of the cooling grooves on the step structure of each stage is more than two, when j=n, the distance between the cooling grooves of the jth stage of cooling grooves is 0.3-0.4mm, and the cooling grooves are 0.3-1mm; when j is less than or equal to n, the ratio of the distance between cooling grooves of the j-1 level cooling groove structure to the distance between cooling grooves of the j level cooling groove structure is 0.6-1.0, and the ratio of the cooling groove width of the j-1 level cooling groove structure to the cooling groove width of the j level cooling groove structure is 0.5-1.0.
Preferably, the cooling grooves are distributed in a spiral line around the axis of the drill bit; the included angle between the spiral line forming the cooling groove and the axis of the cutter is 60-90 degrees; the included angle between the tangent line of the lower edge line of the cross section profile of the cooling groove and the axis of the cutter is 70-100 degrees.
Preferably, the cooling groove edge on the step structure adopts a right-handed structure, which is beneficial to removing burrs; the main cutting edge of the second-stage stepped structure is provided with a plurality of rear cutting faces, so that friction between a cutter and a workpiece is reduced, cutting heat is reduced, cutter abrasion is reduced, and further the processing quality of the workpiece is improved.
The multi-step multi-cooling-groove cutter provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the double-step structure is adopted, so that the drilling axial force is reduced, and layering defects are reduced;
2. the cooling groove structure is designed on the secondary cutting edge of the first-stage stepped structure and the secondary cutting edge of the second-stage stepped structure, so that burrs generated in the hole making process can rebound into the cooling groove structure and be sheared by the cooling groove, burrs at the outlet and inlet can be effectively removed, and tearing damage during forming a final hole is reduced;
3. by adopting the inverted cone structure, the vibration of the inlet side of the hole in the final drilling forming stage is reduced, and the aperture precision and the inlet quality are improved.
4. The optimal proposal provides exact and feasible structural parameters, so that the multi-step multi-cooling-groove cutter is easy to process and can realize the best burr removing and inlet burr removing effects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the drill tip of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of a left side view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples. The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a multi-step multi-cooling-groove tool, which is divided into a step cutting area a, a sub cutting area B, an inverted cone area C and a clamping area D in order from a tool nose to a tool shank end; the stepped cutting area A consists of two stages of stepped structures, specifically, a first stage of stepped structure and a second stage of stepped structure are sequentially distributed from a drill tip to a clamping area, and each stage of stepped structure consists of a stepped main cutting area and a stepped auxiliary cutting area.
Corresponding cooling groove structures (b and a) are distributed on each step structure (n 1 and n 2), namely a first-stage cooling groove structure b is distributed on the first-stage step structure n1, a second-stage cooling groove structure a is distributed on the second-stage step structure n2, and the cooling groove areas E are formed from the first-stage cooling groove structure b to the second-stage cooling groove structure a.
The cutter edge diameter d1 at the first-stage step structure n1 is 4.94mm, and the cutter edge diameter at the second-stage step structure n2 is 7.94mm; the difference between the cutter edge diameter at the position of the second step structure n2 and the cutter edge diameter at the position of the first step structure n1 is 0.38 times that of the cutter edge diameter at the position of the second step structure n 2; the axial length of the first-stage stepped structure n1 is 5.5mm, and the axial length of the second-stage stepped structure n2 is 5.5mm; vertex angle of first-stage ladder structure n1
90 °; the margin width f of the secondary cutting edges (5, 6) on the two-stage step structures (n 1, n 2) is 0.4mm.
The number of cooling grooves of each step structure (n 1, n 2) of the cooling groove zone E is the same and is 3; the axial distance between the cooling groove nearest to the drill point on each step structure (n 1, n 2) and the end position of the main cutting edge of the step structure is 1mm; the distance g2 between the cooling grooves of the second-stage cooling groove structure a is 0.36mm, the cooling groove width g1 is 0.73mm, the cooling groove spacing e1 of the first-stage cooling groove structure b is 0.24mm, the cooling groove width e2 is 0.37mm, the ratio of the cooling groove spacing e1 of the first-stage cooling groove structure b to the distance g2 between the cooling grooves of the second-stage cooling groove structure a is 0.67, and the ratio of the cooling groove width e2 of the first-stage cooling groove structure to the cooling groove width g1 of the second-stage cooling groove structure a is 0.5; the cooling grooves (2, 4) are distributed in a spiral line around the bit axis 7, the included angle alpha 1 between the lower edge line m1 of the cooling groove 2 of the first-stage cooling groove structure b and the cutter axis 7 is 60-90 degrees, the included angle beta 1 between the tangent line m3 of the lower edge line of the cross section outline of the cooling groove 2 of the first-stage cooling groove structure b and the cutter axis m5 is 70-100 degrees, the included angle alpha 2 between the lower edge line m2 of the cooling groove of the second-stage cooling groove structure a and the cutter axis 7 is 60-90 degrees, and the included angle beta 2 between the tangent line m4 of the lower edge line of the cross section outline of the second-stage cooling groove and the cutter axis m6 is 70-100 degrees.
The secondary cutting edges (5, 6) on the step structures (n 1, n 2) adopt a right-handed structure, which is beneficial to removing burrs; the main cutting edge 3 of the second-stage stepped structure n2 is provided with a plurality of rear cutter surfaces, so that friction between a cutter and a workpiece is reduced, cutting heat is reduced, cutter abrasion is reduced, and further the processing quality of the workpiece is improved.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the drill bit can be divided into 10 stages in the drilling process, wherein the first stage is extrusion, namely the chisel edge contacts and extrudes a workpiece, and the axial thrust is rapidly increased due to the extrusion effect of the chisel edge; the second stage is extrusion and drilling, at the moment, the main cutting edge 1 of the first stage of step structure n1 enters the material, the material starts to be removed, and the thrust is increased by a small amplitude; the third stage is extrusion, drilling and deburring of the first-stage cooling groove structure b, and deburring of the cooling groove begins; the fourth stage is extrusion, drilling and deburring reaming of the first-stage cooling groove structure b, the main cutting edge 3 of the second-stage stepped structure n2 enters materials, the materials begin to be removed, and the thrust is increased by a small amplitude; the fifth stage is drilling, deburring and reaming of the first-stage cooling groove structure b, wherein the chisel edge reaches the bottom of the workpiece, and the axial force is suddenly reduced after the chisel edge drills away from the workpiece; the sixth stage is drilling, deburring the first-stage cooling groove structure b, reaming and deburring the second-stage cooling groove structure a, wherein the second-stage cooling groove structure a starts deburring; the seventh stage is deburring, reaming and reaming of the first-stage cooling groove structure b and deburring and reaming of the second-stage cooling groove structure a, and at the moment, the main cutting edge 1 of the first-stage stepped structure n1 is drilled away from a workpiece, and the auxiliary cutting edge 6 is reamed, so that the axial force is further reduced; the eighth stage is reaming, deburring and reaming the second-stage cooling groove structure a, wherein the first-stage cooling groove structure b leaves the workpiece, and the second-stage stepped auxiliary cutting edge 6 continues reaming; the ninth stage is deburring and reaming of the second-stage cooling groove structure a, and at the moment, the main cutting edge 3 of the second-stage stepped structure n2 drills away from the workpiece, so that the axial force is further reduced; the tenth stage is reaming, the second stage cooling groove structure a leaves the workpiece, and the second stage stepped minor cutting edge 6 is reaming.
The multi-step multi-cooling-groove cutter provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1. the double-step structure is adopted, so that the drilling axial force is reduced, and layering defects are reduced;
2. the cooling groove structures are designed on the secondary cutting edge of the first-stage stepped structure and the secondary cutting edge of the second-stage stepped structure, so that effective discharge of chips in the hole making process, massive inflow of cooling liquid and burrs generated by the cooling liquid can rebound into the cooling groove structures and be sheared by the cooling grooves, the temperature of a cutting area is effectively reduced, burrs at the outlet and inlet are removed, the service life of a cutter is finally prolonged, and tearing damage of the formed final holes is reduced;
3. by adopting the inverted cone structure, the vibration of the inlet side of the hole in the final drilling forming stage is reduced, and the aperture precision and the inlet quality are improved.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-step multi-cooling-groove drilling tool is characterized in that: the multi-step multi-cooling-groove drilling tool is sequentially divided into a step cutting area, a secondary cutting area, an inverted cone area and a clamping area from a tool nose to the tail end of a tool handle; the step cutting area consists of n-level step structures, wherein n is more than or equal to 2, the step cutting area sequentially comprises a first-level step structure and an nth-level step structure from the drill tip to the clamping area, and each step structure consists of a step main cutting area and a step auxiliary cutting area;
the step structures of each stage are correspondingly provided with cooling groove structures to form cooling groove areas, namely the step structures of the j th stage are provided with the cooling groove structures of the j th stage, wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n;
when j is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n, the difference between the cutter edge diameter at the j-th step structure and the cutter edge diameter at the j-1 th step structure is 0.2 to 0.4 times of the cutter edge diameter at the j-th step structure; the axial length of the stepped auxiliary cutting area of each step of the stepped structure is at least provided with one cooling groove; the width of the cutting margin of the secondary cutting edge is 0.1-1.5mm;
wherein the included angle between the tangent line of the lower edge line of the cross section profile of the cooling groove and the axis of the cutter is 70-100 degrees.
2. The multi-step, multi-cooling slot drilling tool of claim 1, wherein: when j=1, the vertex angle value of the j-th step structure is 80-100 degrees; when j is more than or equal to 2, the vertex angle value of the j-th stage ladder structure is 60 degrees to 80 degrees, and the vertex angle of the j-th stage ladder structure is smaller than the vertex angle of the j-1-th stage ladder structure.
3. The multi-step, multi-cooling slot drilling tool of claim 1, wherein: the cooling tank structure of each stage comprises the same number of cooling tanks.
4. A multi-step, multi-cooling slot drilling tool as recited in claim 3, wherein: the axial distance between the cooling groove nearest to the drill point on each step structure and the end position of the main cutting edge of the main cutting area of the step structure is 0.2-1.0mm.
5. The multi-step, multi-cooling slot drilling tool of claim 3 or 4, wherein: the number of cooling grooves on each step structure is more than two, when j=n, the distance between the cooling grooves of the jth step of cooling grooves is 0.2-1.0mm, and the cooling grooves are 0.3-2.0mm; when j is less than or equal to n, the ratio of the distance between cooling grooves of the j-1 level cooling groove structure to the distance between cooling grooves of the j level cooling groove structure is 0.6-1.0, and the ratio of the cooling groove width of the j-1 level cooling groove structure to the cooling groove width of the j level cooling groove structure is 0.5-1.0.
6. A multi-step, multi-cooling slot drilling tool as recited in claim 3, wherein: the cooling grooves are distributed in a spiral line around the axis of the drill bit, and the included angle between the tangent line of the lower edge line of the section profile of the cooling grooves and the axis of the cutter is 70-100 degrees; the included angle between the spiral line forming the cooling groove and the axis of the cutter is 60-90 degrees.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111258234.2A CN116021070A (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Multi-step multi-cooling-groove drilling tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111258234.2A CN116021070A (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Multi-step multi-cooling-groove drilling tool |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116021070A true CN116021070A (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111258234.2A Pending CN116021070A (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Multi-step multi-cooling-groove drilling tool |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116021070A (en) |
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- 2021-10-27 CN CN202111258234.2A patent/CN116021070A/en active Pending
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