CN116006245A - Gas extraction method for co-extraction of pressure relief area and goaf area - Google Patents
Gas extraction method for co-extraction of pressure relief area and goaf area Download PDFInfo
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- CN116006245A CN116006245A CN202310056745.9A CN202310056745A CN116006245A CN 116006245 A CN116006245 A CN 116006245A CN 202310056745 A CN202310056745 A CN 202310056745A CN 116006245 A CN116006245 A CN 116006245A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas extraction, and discloses a gas extraction method for co-extraction of two areas of a pressure relief area and a goaf, which comprises the following steps: according to the set drilling well position and the drilling track, selecting the drilling well position and drilling according to the drilling track; the well structure comprises: the first open surface soil layer section is in a lower pipe, the second open coal layer is at a proper position at the upper end, and the third open is extended into a pressure relief area and a goaf area right above the coal layer; installing a buffer telescopic structure in the drilling well structure; and (5) carrying out gas co-mining on the gas in the pressure relief area and the gas in the goaf through drilling. Aiming at the pressure relief gas and goaf gas of a coal mine, the invention better meets the gas extraction requirement of the ground of the coal mine, realizes the efficient extraction mode of 'two-area' gas co-extraction while coal and gas co-extraction, and realizes the green development of coal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas extraction, and particularly relates to a gas extraction method for co-extraction of two areas of a pressure relief area and a goaf.
Background
After the coal seam is mined, the overburden strata are inevitably moved and sunk, and the probability of fracture of a well pipe of the extraction well is as high as 50% although the ground gas extraction well is not influenced by the pressure relief gas extraction under the influence of mining stress. Once the ground gas extraction well pipe is broken, on one hand, gas cannot be normally extracted to cause underground mining pressure relief gas to be increased, gas beyond an upper corner cutting line is extremely easy to cause overrun, serious hidden danger is brought to underground safety production, on the other hand, the gas extraction rate is lower, and a large amount of gas is accumulated in a goaf and cannot be efficiently utilized. Therefore, the method solves the problem that the coal mine ground gas extraction well has multiple purposes, one well is long, and two areas of the pressure relief area and the goaf are used for co-extracting gas to form a new mode, and is an urgent need of gas extraction in the current coal mine area.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gas extraction method for co-extraction of two areas of a pressure relief area and a goaf, wherein a ground inclined well is used for replacing a ground vertical well, so that a stress concentration area is effectively avoided, the service life of an extraction well is prolonged, and the purpose of co-extraction of gas in the two areas is achieved.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a gas extraction method for co-extraction in two areas of a pressure relief area and a goaf comprises the following steps:
according to the set drilling well position and the drilling track, selecting the drilling well position and drilling according to the drilling track;
the well structure comprises: the first open surface soil layer section is in a lower pipe, the second open coal layer is at a proper position at the upper end, and the third open is extended into a pressure relief area and a goaf area right above the coal layer;
installing a buffer telescopic structure in the drilling well structure;
and (5) carrying out gas co-mining on the gas in the pressure relief area and the gas in the goaf through drilling.
Preferably, the well site of the drilling well site design is selected outside the coal face.
Preferably, the drilling trajectory design designs a well trajectory based on the determined well locations and the gas concentration zone locations.
Preferably, the well track is configured as an inclined well.
Preferably, the buffer telescopic structure is formed by additionally arranging a telescopic structure device on a three-opening sleeve, the telescopic structure device comprises a first sleeve positioned at the wellhead of a pumping well, at least one second sleeve is arranged below the first sleeve, telescopic components are arranged between the first sleeve and the second sleeve and between the adjacent second sleeves, in the process below a pipe body, under the action of gravity of the second sleeve, the telescopic components are in a stretching state, after the second sleeve bottoms out, the pipe body is continued to be arranged below, the telescopic components are in a compression rotation state, the second sleeve at the bottom moves along with a rock stratum after the pumping, at the moment, the telescopic components stretch to enable the second sleeve at the bottom to be effectively communicated with a pumping area, and gas pumping in the pumping area is timely discharged; the telescopic component is in sealing connection with the first sleeve and the second sleeve, and is in sealing connection through welding or a connecting component; the connecting component is as follows: a first connecting part is arranged between the first sleeve and the telescopic part, and a second connecting part is arranged between the telescopic part and the second sleeve; the first connecting part is a sleeve connecting hoop; the first connecting component is a threaded ring provided with internal threads and is connected with the first sleeve and the telescopic component in a threaded manner, and the second connecting component has the same structure as the first connecting component; the telescopic component comprises a first telescopic pipe body and a second telescopic pipe body, the first telescopic pipe body is connected with the second telescopic pipe body in a sliding sealing mode, the telescopic component is communicated with the first sleeve through the first telescopic pipe body, and the telescopic component is communicated with the second sleeve through the second telescopic pipe body.
Preferably, the method for using the telescopic structure device comprises the following steps:
selecting parts: selecting a second telescopic pipe body matched with the first telescopic pipe body in size;
and (3) pipe placing operation: firstly, placing a second sleeve into a extraction well, connecting a telescopic part above the second sleeve, wherein the telescopic part is in a stretching state in the pipe placing process, and when the sum of the distance from the second sleeve at the bottom to the bottom of the extraction well and the stretching distances of all the telescopic parts is smaller than the length of the first sleeve, connecting the first sleeve above the telescopic part, so that the telescopic part is in a compression state when the second sleeve at the bottom contacts with the bottom of the extraction well;
telescoping member operation: when the coal mine mining area is affected by mining to move in the rock stratum, the second sleeve at the bottom moves along with the rock stratum, and the telescopic component stretches.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in order to solve the problem of gas co-production in two areas of a pressure relief area and a goaf of a ground gas extraction well, the method of entering a target area by using directional drilling technical vectors is utilized to realize the aim of gas co-production in two areas by using measures such as avoiding, buffering and the like. The ground gas extraction inclined shaft avoiding the mining stress concentration area and the well structure with the telescopic performance are designed, and the aims of 'one well is communicated with two areas' and 'two areas are extracted together' are achieved. Aiming at the pressure relief gas and goaf gas of a coal mine, the invention better meets the gas extraction requirement of a ground well of the coal mine, realizes the efficient extraction mode of 'two-region' gas co-extraction while coal and gas co-extraction, and realizes the green development of coal.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort.
The left graph in fig. 1 shows the undisturbed formation before mining of the coal seam; the right graph is a moving condition graph of an overburden after coal mining;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of two-zone formation and development of the present invention;
the left diagram in fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a ground inclined well and a ground vertical well in a pressure relief area before coal seam mining, and the right diagram shows a schematic diagram of the ground inclined well and the ground vertical well after coal seam mining;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the well structure design and the process of buffering the telescopic structure state after the coal seam mining;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a simulated extraction well in the upper stress concentration zone of the pressure relief zone of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simulated extraction well outside of a mining stress concentration zone according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a simulated comparison of extraction wells outside the upper portion of the pressure relief zone and the stress concentration zone of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
a gas extraction method for co-extraction in two areas of a pressure relief area and a goaf comprises the following steps:
according to the set drilling well position and the drilling track, selecting the drilling well position and drilling according to the drilling track;
the well structure comprises: the first open surface soil layer section is in a lower pipe, the second open coal layer is at a proper position at the upper end, and the third open is extended into a pressure relief area and a goaf area right above the coal layer;
installing a buffer telescopic structure in the drilling well structure;
and (5) carrying out gas co-mining on the gas in the pressure relief area and the gas in the goaf through drilling.
And the well position of the drilling well position design is selected outside the coal face.
The drilling trajectory design designs a well trajectory based on the determined well locations and the gas concentration zone locations.
The well track is set as an inclined well.
The buffer telescopic structure is characterized in that a telescopic structure device is additionally arranged on the three-opening sleeve, the telescopic structure device comprises a first sleeve positioned at the wellhead position of the extraction well, at least one second sleeve is arranged below the first sleeve, telescopic components are arranged between the first sleeve and the second sleeve and between the adjacent second sleeves, in the process of the lower part of the pipe body, under the gravity action of the second sleeve, the telescopic components are in a stretching state, after the second sleeve bottoms out, the pipe body is continuously arranged below, the telescopic components are in a compression rotation state, the second sleeve at the bottom after extraction moves along with a rock stratum, at the moment, the telescopic components stretch, so that the second sleeve at the bottom is effectively communicated with the extraction area, and gas extraction in the extraction area is timely discharged; the telescopic component is in sealing connection with the first sleeve and the second sleeve, and is in sealing connection through welding or a connecting component; the connecting component is as follows: a first connecting part is arranged between the first sleeve and the telescopic part, and a second connecting part is arranged between the telescopic part and the second sleeve; the first connecting part is a sleeve connecting hoop; the first connecting component is a threaded ring provided with internal threads and is connected with the first sleeve and the telescopic component in a threaded manner, and the second connecting component has the same structure as the first connecting component; the telescopic component comprises a first telescopic pipe body and a second telescopic pipe body, the first telescopic pipe body is connected with the second telescopic pipe body in a sliding sealing mode, the telescopic component is communicated with the first sleeve through the first telescopic pipe body, and the telescopic component is communicated with the second sleeve through the second telescopic pipe body.
The using method of the telescopic structure device comprises the following steps:
selecting parts: selecting a second telescopic pipe body matched with the first telescopic pipe body in size;
and (3) pipe placing operation: firstly, placing a second sleeve into a extraction well, connecting a telescopic part above the second sleeve, wherein the telescopic part is in a stretching state in the pipe placing process, and when the sum of the distance from the second sleeve at the bottom to the bottom of the extraction well and the stretching distances of all the telescopic parts is smaller than the length of the first sleeve, connecting the first sleeve above the telescopic part, so that the telescopic part is in a compression state when the second sleeve at the bottom contacts with the bottom of the extraction well;
telescoping member operation: when the coal mine mining area is affected by mining to move in the rock stratum, the second sleeve at the bottom moves along with the rock stratum, and the telescopic component stretches.
Drilling position design: the well position is selected outside the coal face, the region outside the coal face can be understood as a region where the vertical orthographic projection region of the region is not overlapped with the region of the coal face, and because in practice, the region of the coal face moves along with the overburden of the coal face after the coal seam is mined, the overburden of the region of the coal face is unstable, the overburden moves violently after the in-plane mining, the well pipe is greatly influenced by stress, and the well position is selected to be constructed outside the coal face, so that the overburden moves violently after the in-plane mining, and a stress concentration region is avoided;
as in fig. 1, the left graph is the undisturbed formation before mining of the coal seam; the right graph is a moving condition graph of an overburden layer after coal seam mining, the overburden layer is divided into three zones from bottom to top after moving, namely a caving zone, a fracture zone and a bending sinking zone, wherein:
the caving zone refers to the part of the rock stratum where the overlying rock mass of the coal seam completely collapses caused by stoping of the working face;
the fracture zone refers to the development of the fracture in the direction of advancement of the portion of the formation, the fracture concentration of each formation having been extended (or nearly extended) to full thickness;
bending the sinking band: the old roof is cracked and a portion of the formation above the old roof after subsidence is deflected by overburden pressure.
The overburden layer in the coal face moves to cause the overburden layer in the area of the coal face to be unstable, the overburden layer moves violently after in-plane mining, the well pipe is greatly influenced by stress, so that the well pipe outside the working face is known to be stressed less, as in practice, the ground inclined shaft is constructed outside the working face to effectively avoid the stress concentration area in the upper part of the pressure relief area, as shown in fig. 3, wherein the left diagram shows a schematic diagram of the ground inclined shaft and the ground vertical shaft in the pressure relief area before coal seam mining, the right diagram shows a schematic diagram of the ground inclined shaft and the ground vertical shaft after coal seam mining, and the ground inclined shaft and the ground vertical shaft in the pressure relief area are shown by the diagram; therefore, the ground inclined well pipe can avoid stress concentration areas, is free from the influence of stress, reduces the stress of the well pipe, and reduces the fracture probability of the well pipe.
Drilling track design: according to the well position and the vector extraction target horizon (namely the position of the gas gathering and concentration zone) to be achieved, a data value simulation technology is used for designing a well track, so that the purpose of vector extraction can be achieved by drilling an extraction layer while avoiding the mining stress concentration zone, the well track of a ground inclined well is calculated by using a numerical simulation method according to the well position coordinates of the ground inclined well and the target point position coordinates of the extraction layer, and the ground inclined well can avoid the stress gathering zone and simultaneously transfer the extraction layer;
optimizing a drilling structure: the first open surface soil layer section is in a lower pipe, the second open coal layer is at a proper position at the upper end, and the third open is extended into a pressure relief area and a goaf area right above the coal layer;
pressure relief zone: after the coal bed is mined, the overburden layer moves to form a pressure relief area
Goaf: extracting gas in the pressure relief area by a ground well, and forming a goaf after extraction
As shown in fig. 2, constructing a ground vertical well to the upper end of the coal bed before coal bed extraction; after the coal bed is mined, the overlying strata move to form a pressure relief area, and the ground well extracts gas in the pressure relief area; and after the gas in the pressure relief area is extracted, a goaf is formed, and after the gas in the pressure relief area is extracted, a ground vertical well pipe is broken, so that the ground well cannot extract the gas in the goaf.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for extracting gas from a pressure relief zone with a vertical well on the ground, the vertical well being located in the pressure relief zone, and the left side view being a plan projection of a coal face; the right vertical line represents the surface well and the box represents the mined coal and overburden area.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for extracting gas from a pressure relief area of a ground inclined well, wherein the ground inclined well is positioned outside the pressure relief area, left-side inclined lines represent horizontal projection views of the ground inclined well, and boxes represent mining coal seams and overburden areas; the right side view is a plane projection view of the coal face.
In fig. 7:
the No. 1 ground inclined well replaces the No. 1 ground vertical well, so that a stress concentration area is avoided;
the No. 2 ground inclined well replaces the No. 2 ground vertical well, so that a stress concentration area is avoided;
the 3' ground inclined well replaces the 3 ground vertical well, so that a stress concentration area is avoided;
the ground inclined well 4' replaces the ground vertical well 4, so that a stress concentration area is avoided;
as can be seen from fig. 4, after the mining, the telescopic structure device is stressed to move downwards to buffer the mining stress, so as to prevent the well pipe from breaking.
A telescopic structure: the telescopic structure device is additionally arranged on the three-open casing pipe, so that the influence of mining stress on the three-open casing pipe is effectively reduced; as shown in fig. 4, the telescoping structure herein refers to publication (bulletin) numbers: the telescopic device of the ground gas extraction well in the coal mine pressure relief area comprises a telescopic component, wherein the telescopic component is arranged on the telescopic component, the second sleeve at the bottom after mining moves along with a rock stratum, and the telescopic component stretches at the moment, so that the second sleeve at the bottom is effectively communicated with the pressure relief area, the problem that the stress of the production well pipe of the ground gas extraction well in the coal mine pressure relief area is prone to be broken is solved, potential safety hazards are reduced, and the gas extraction efficiency is improved.
The extraction method comprises the steps of 'one well two areas', 'two areas are adopted together',: after the coal seam is mined, the ground well is prevented from being broken by a mining stress concentration area, and a pressure relief area is extracted after the coal seam is mined; in the whole stress change process of the pressure relief zone, the ground inclined well pipe avoids the stress concentration zone, stress of the well pipe is prevented from being influenced, the probability of fracture of the well pipe is reduced, the integrity of the well pipe is guaranteed, and after a goaf is formed, the ground well is used for extracting goaf gas for a long time, so that the aims of 'one well two zones' and 'two zones' are achieved.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, which have been described in the foregoing description merely illustrates the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The gas extraction method for co-extraction in the pressure relief area and the goaf area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the set drilling well position and the drilling track, selecting the drilling well position and drilling according to the drilling track;
the well structure comprises: the first open surface soil layer section is in a lower pipe, the second open coal layer is at a proper position at the upper end, and the third open is extended into a pressure relief area and a goaf area right above the coal layer;
installing a buffer telescopic structure in the drilling well structure;
and (5) carrying out gas co-mining on the gas in the pressure relief area and the gas in the goaf through drilling.
2. The gas extraction method for co-production of two areas, namely a pressure relief area and a goaf, according to claim 1, wherein the well location of the drilling well location design is selected outside the coal face.
3. The gas extraction method for co-production of two areas, namely a pressure relief area and a goaf, according to claim 1, wherein the drilling track design designs a well track according to the determined well position and the gas gathering and concentration area position.
4. The gas extraction method for co-production of a pressure relief zone and a goaf according to claim 1, wherein the well track is configured as an inclined well.
5. The gas extraction method for co-extraction in the pressure relief area and the goaf according to claim 1, wherein the buffer telescopic structure is a telescopic structure device additionally arranged by three sleeves, the telescopic structure device comprises a first sleeve positioned at the wellhead of the extraction well, at least one second sleeve is arranged below the first sleeve, telescopic components are arranged between the first sleeve and the second sleeve and between the adjacent second sleeves, in the process below a pipe body, under the action of gravity of the second sleeve, the telescopic components are in a stretching state, after the second sleeve bottoms out, the lower pipe body is continued, the telescopic components are in a compression transition state, the second sleeve at the bottom after extraction moves along with a rock stratum, and at the moment, the telescopic components stretch, so that the second sleeve at the bottom is kept in effective communication with the extraction area, and gas extraction in the extraction area is timely discharged; the telescopic component is in sealing connection with the first sleeve and the second sleeve, and is in sealing connection through welding or a connecting component; the connecting component is as follows: a first connecting part is arranged between the first sleeve and the telescopic part, and a second connecting part is arranged between the telescopic part and the second sleeve; the first connecting part is a sleeve connecting hoop; the first connecting component is a threaded ring provided with internal threads and is connected with the first sleeve and the telescopic component in a threaded manner, and the second connecting component has the same structure as the first connecting component; the telescopic component comprises a first telescopic pipe body and a second telescopic pipe body, the first telescopic pipe body is connected with the second telescopic pipe body in a sliding sealing mode, the telescopic component is communicated with the first sleeve through the first telescopic pipe body, and the telescopic component is communicated with the second sleeve through the second telescopic pipe body.
6. The gas extraction method for co-mining in both a pressure relief zone and a goaf according to claim 5, wherein the method for using the telescopic structure device comprises the following steps:
selecting parts: selecting a second telescopic pipe body matched with the first telescopic pipe body in size;
and (3) pipe placing operation: firstly, placing a second sleeve into a extraction well, connecting a telescopic part above the second sleeve, wherein the telescopic part is in a stretching state in the pipe placing process, and when the sum of the distance from the second sleeve at the bottom to the bottom of the extraction well and the stretching distances of all the telescopic parts is smaller than the length of the first sleeve, connecting the first sleeve above the telescopic part, so that the telescopic part is in a compression state when the second sleeve at the bottom contacts with the bottom of the extraction well;
telescoping member operation: when the coal mine mining area is affected by mining to move in the rock stratum, the second sleeve at the bottom moves along with the rock stratum, and the telescopic component stretches.
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