CN116004106A - Explosion-proof flame-retardant coating and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Explosion-proof flame-retardant coating and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an explosion-proof flame-retardant coating, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of coatings. The technical proposal is as follows: the composite material comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 33-38% of polyether polyol, 30-36% of isocyanate, 1.5-2.5% of catalyst, 25-35% of flame retardant and 0.5-1% of diluent, wherein the component B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55-65% of amino-terminated polyether, 25-35% of chain extender, 4-6% of antioxidant, 1.5-2.5% of ultraviolet absorber, 1-3% of molecular sieve, 0.3-0.7% of defoamer and 0.4-0.6% of pigment. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating has the characteristics of no toxicity, environmental protection, high curing speed, high strength, high extension, high tearing, aging resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, wear resistance, impact resistance and the like, and is particularly suitable for the structural explosion-proof requirement of large infrastructure construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coatings, in particular to an explosion-proof flame-retardant coating, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The spray polyurea elastomer is a novel multifunctional material which integrates the functions of water resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, wet skid resistance, decoration and the like. It has the advantages of good waterproof coiled material performance and convenient waterproof coating construction, and can be used as a waterproof material with high performance, and also as a good anti-corrosion, wear-resistant, anti-wet-skid and decorative material. The polyurea elastomer belongs to quick reaction spray forming, the raw material system does not contain solvent (environment protection), has high curing speed, and can be continuously sprayed on a vertical surface and a curved surface to be tens of millimeters thick without sagging.
The technology of spraying polyurea breaks through the limitation of the traditional environment-friendly coating technology comprehensively, and the technology is rapidly developed after entering China. Chinese patent CN101037587A discloses a polyurea elastomer building engineering waterproof material, wherein the component A consists of isocyanate, the component B consists of amino-terminated alkylene oxide compound, diethyl toluenediamine and the like, the tensile strength is 10MPa, the elongation at break is 350%, the tearing strength is 30kN/m, and the polyurea elastomer is impermeable to water within 0.3MPa x 30min, but the existing polyurea elastomer is relatively common in explosion-proof performance, flame retardance, weather resistance and acid-base resistance, can not meet the requirements of special environments, and limits the application and development of the polyurea elastomer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating which has the characteristics of no toxicity, environmental protection, high curing speed, high strength, high extension, high tearing, aging resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, wear resistance, impact resistance and the like, and is particularly suitable for the explosion-proof requirements of a structure of large-scale infrastructure construction.
The invention is realized by the following measures:
an explosion-proof flame-retardant coating is characterized by comprising a component A and a component B;
the volume ratio of the component A to the component B is 0.5-2:2-0.5;
preferably, the volume ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:1;
the component A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 33-38% of polyether polyol, 30-36% of isocyanate, 1.5-2.5% of catalyst, 25-35% of flame retardant and 0.5-1% of diluent;
the component B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55-65% of amino-terminated polyether, 25-35% of chain extender, 4-6% of antioxidant, 1.5-2.5% of ultraviolet absorber, 1-3% of molecular sieve, 0.3-0.7% of defoamer and 0.4-0.6% of pigment;
preferably, the catalyst is stannous octoate, the flame retardant is halogen-free flame retardant, and the diluent is Pick DIPERBYK-161.
The invention has the specific characteristics that:
the component A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35% of polyether polyol, 33% of isocyanate, 2% of catalyst, 29.5% of flame retardant and 0.5% of diluent;
the component B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 60% of amino-terminated polyether, 30% of chain extender, 5% of antioxidant, 2% of ultraviolet absorber, 2% of molecular sieve, 0.5% of defoamer and 0.5% of pigment.
The amino-terminated polyether comprises amino-terminated polyether T5000, amino-terminated polyether D2000 and amino-terminated polyether D230, wherein the mass ratio of the amino-terminated polyether T5000 to the amino-terminated polyether D2000 to the amino-terminated polyether D230 is 13-17:30-40:8-12.
The mass ratio of the amino-terminated polyether T5000 to the amino-terminated polyether D2000 to the amino-terminated polyether D230 is 15:35:10;
by adopting the three amine-terminated polyethers and the corresponding proportion arrangement, the finally obtained explosion-proof flame-retardant coating has better tearing performance, impact resistance, high strength and other mechanical properties.
The chain extender is diethyl toluene diamine;
preferably, the colorant is ground superfine powder: such as carbon black, phthalocyanine green, titanium pigment, intermediate yellow, phthalocyanine blue, etc.
The preparation method of the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a component A: adding polyether polyol into a reaction kettle with inert gas protection according to the formula amount, dehydrating at the vacuum degree of 100-110 ℃ and minus 0.075-minus 0.9Mpa, then removing vacuum, cooling to 50-60 ℃, adding the formula amount of isocyanate and catalyst, then heating to 70-80 ℃ again, keeping the temperature to react completely, cooling, adding the formula amount of flame retardant and diluent, uniformly mixing, and filtering to obtain a component A;
s2, preparing a component B: sequentially adding amino-terminated polyether T5000, amino-terminated polyether D2000 and amino-terminated polyether D230 into a reaction kettle according to the formula amount, adding the formula amount of diethyl toluenediamine after uniformly mixing, introducing inert gas for protection while stirring, reducing the stirring speed after controlling the temperature in the kettle to be less than 40 ℃, adding the formula amount of antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbent, molecular sieve and defoamer into the reaction kettle for continuous stirring, and finally adding the formula amount of pigment, uniformly mixing and filtering to obtain a component B;
s3, mixing the component A and the component B prepared in the step S1 and the step S2 according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating.
In the preparation of the component B, the stirring speed is reduced to 200 r/min, the stirring speed is 800-1000 r/min after the pigment is added, and the stirring time is 60 min.
The explosion-proof flame-retardant coating also comprises a chopped carbon fiber reinforced material;
the component A, the component B and the chopped carbon fiber reinforced material are mixed in proportion;
the ratio of the total amount of the component A and the component B to the chopped carbon fiber reinforced material is 10:1.
The chopped carbon fiber reinforced material is formed by cutting continuous carbon fibers into short filaments with the length of 2-20 mm;
preferably, the chopped carbon fiber reinforcement is composed of continuous carbon fibers cut into 2-6mm filaments.
The explosion-proof flame-retardant coating is applied to explosion prevention of building structures and explosion prevention devices.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating has the advantages of high tearing strength, excellent flame retardance, corrosion resistance, aging resistance, wear resistance and the like, and also has the characteristic of zero emission of VOCs.
2. The explosion-proof coating provided by the invention still has good low-temperature flexibility under the condition of less than or equal to minus 35 ℃, and the bending area is free from cracks; and has good impact resistance.
3. The explosion-proof flame-retardant coating is particularly suitable for the explosion-proof use requirement of building structures of petrochemical enterprises, and has better anti-seismic performance. The tearing strength of the coating is greatly improved compared with other explosion-proof coatings; the coating has good adhesion with the base materials such as concrete, steel and the like, and does not delaminate; can adapt to the low-temperature environment of minus 36 ℃ and has the service life of more than 20 years.
4. The carbon fiber and the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating are sprayed together to prepare the coating, and the tensile strength of the coating with the thickness of 2mm is improved by 5-20%; the tearing strength is improved by 10% -25%.
5. The explosion-proof coating has great application potential in military and safety protection engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparative graph of impact resistance of a sprayed coating according to the present invention and an uncoated coating.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical characteristics of the scheme, the scheme is explained below through a specific embodiment.
Example 1
An explosion-proof flame-retardant coating comprises a component A, a component B and a chopped carbon fiber reinforced material.
Example 2
An explosion-proof flame-retardant coating comprises a component A and a component B;
the component A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35% of polyether polyol, 33% of isocyanate, 2% of stannous octoate, 29.5% of halogen-free flame retardant and 0.5% of diluent (Pick DIPERBYK-161);
the component B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 15% of amine-terminated polyether T5000, 35% of amine-terminated polyether D2000, 10% of amine-terminated polyether D230, 30% of diethyltoluenediamine, 5% of antioxidant (Basf IRGANOX1010, germany), 2% of ultraviolet absorber (Basf light stabilizer Tinuvin 900), 2% of molecular sieve (A3 of Graves in the United states), 0.5% of Michaelis diagram 750 and 0.5% of pigment (titanium pigment and intermediate yellow are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:2);
the preparation method of the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a component A: adding 35% polyether polyol into a reaction kettle with nitrogen protection, and heating to 105 ℃ under vacuum (-0.5 MPa) stirring for dehydration; then vacuum is removed, 33% of isocyanate is added after the temperature is reduced to 55 ℃,2% of stannous octoate reacts again for a certain time under the heating condition (75 ℃), 29.5% of halogen-free flame retardant and 0.5% of diluent are added after the reaction is completed and cooled, and the materials are filtered, discharged and filled after uniform stirring.
S2, preparing a component B: sequentially adding 15% of amino-terminated polyether T5000, 35% of amino-terminated polyether D2000 and 10% of amino-terminated polyether D230 into a reaction kettle, adding 30% of diethyl toluenediamine after uniformly stirring, introducing nitrogen for protection while stirring, controlling the temperature in the kettle to be less than 40 ℃, and reducing the stirring speed to 200 rpm. Then adding 5% of antioxidant, 2% of ultraviolet absorbent, 2% of molecular sieve (A3 of Graves in U.S.) and 0.5% of Michaelsen 750 into a reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 30 minutes, finally adding about 0.5% of pigment, stirring at high speed of 1000 rpm, stirring for 60 minutes, filtering, discharging and filling after stirring uniformly.
S3, mixing the component A and the component B prepared in the step S1 and the step S2 according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating, and then mixing the obtained explosion-proof flame-retardant coating with the chopped carbon fiber reinforced material according to the proportion of 10:1 to obtain the final explosion-proof flame-retardant coating.
Cutting carbon fibers to 2mm-6mm long by adopting fiber cutting equipment, spraying the carbon fibers and the explosion-proof coating to prepare a coating, and improving the tensile strength of the coating with the thickness of 2mm by 5% -20%; the tearing strength is improved by 10% -25%.
Example 3
An explosion-proof flame-retardant coating comprises a component A and a component B;
the component A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 33% of polyether polyol, 32% of isocyanate, 2% of stannous octoate, 32.5% of halogen-free flame retardant and 0.5% of diluent (Pick DIPERBYK-161);
the component B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 17% amine-terminated polyether T5000, 33% amine-terminated polyether D2000, 10% amine-terminated polyether D230, 33% diethyltoluenediamine, 3% antioxidant (Basf IRGANOX1010, germany), 1% ultraviolet absorber (Basf TINUVIN 783 light stabilizer), 2% molecular sieve (A3 of Graves, U.S.), 0.5% Michaelsen 750, and 0.5% carbon black;
the preparation method of the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a component A: adding 33% polyether polyol into a reaction kettle with nitrogen protection, and heating to 110 ℃ under vacuum (-0.3 MPa) stirring for dehydration; then removing vacuum, cooling to 60 ℃, adding 32% isocyanate, reacting 2% stannous octoate again under the heating condition (75 ℃) for a certain time, cooling after the reaction is completed, adding 32.5% halogen-free flame retardant and 0.5% diluent, uniformly stirring, filtering, discharging and filling.
S2, preparing a component B: sequentially adding 17% of amino-terminated polyether T5000, 33% of amino-terminated polyether D2000 and 10% of amino-terminated polyether D230 into a reaction kettle, adding 33% of diethyl toluenediamine after uniformly stirring, introducing nitrogen for protection while stirring, controlling the temperature in the kettle to be less than 40 ℃, and reducing the stirring speed to 200 rpm. Adding 3% of antioxidant, 1% of ultraviolet absorbent, 2% of molecular sieve (A3 of Graves in the United states) and 0.5% of Michaelis-A750 into a reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 30 minutes, finally adding about 0.5% of carbon black, stirring at a high speed of 1000 rpm, stirring for 60 minutes, filtering, discharging and filling after stirring uniformly.
S3, mixing the component A and the component B prepared in the step S1 and the step S2 according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating.
Example 4
An explosion-proof flame-retardant coating comprises a component A and a component B;
the component A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 37% of polyether polyol, 30% of isocyanate, 2.2% of stannous octoate, 30% of halogen-free flame retardant and 0.8% of diluent (Pick DIPERBYK-161);
the component B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 13% of amine-terminated polyether T5000, 38% of amine-terminated polyether D2000,9% of amine-terminated polyether D230, 28% of diethyltoluenediamine, 6% of antioxidant (Basf IRGANOX1010, germany), 2.5% of ultraviolet light absorber (Basf light stabilizer Tinuvin 900), 2.5% of molecular sieve (A3 of Graves, U.S.A.), 0.5% of Michaelis-A750 and 0.5% of phthalocyanine green;
the preparation method of the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a component A: adding 37% polyether polyol into a reaction kettle with nitrogen protection, and heating to 100 ℃ under vacuum (-0.8 MPa) stirring for dehydration; then vacuum is removed, 30 percent of isocyanate is added after the temperature is reduced to 50 ℃,2.2 percent of stannous octoate reacts again for a certain time under the heating condition (75 ℃), 30 percent of halogen-free flame retardant and 0.8 percent of diluent are added after the reaction is completed and cooled, and the materials are filtered, discharged and filled after uniform stirring.
S2, preparing a component B: 13% of amino-terminated polyether T5000, 38% of amino-terminated polyether D2000 and 9% of amino-terminated polyether D230 are sequentially added into a reaction kettle, and then added into the reaction kettle after being uniformly stirred, 28% of diethyl toluenediamine is added, nitrogen is introduced for protection while stirring, and after the temperature in the kettle is controlled to be less than 40 ℃, the stirring speed is reduced to 200 revolutions per minute. Adding 6% of antioxidant, 2.5% of ultraviolet absorbent and 2.5% of molecular sieve (A3 of Graves in the United states), adding 0.5% of Michaelis-A750 into a reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 30 minutes, finally adding about 0.5% of phthalocyanine green, stirring at a high speed of 800 r/min, stirring for 60 minutes, filtering, discharging and filling after stirring uniformly.
S3, mixing the component A and the component B prepared in the step S1 and the step S2 according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating.
Performance testing was performed on the coatings prepared in examples 2-4, test method standard reference GB/T16777-2008; GB/T529-2008; GB/T531.1-2008; GB/T528-2009; GB/T1768-2006; GB/T18244-2000; GB/T20624-2006; the results are shown in Table 1 below.
As can be seen from the performance detection results of Table 1, the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating has the characteristics of no toxicity, environmental protection, high curing speed, high strength, high extension, high tearing, aging resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, wear resistance, impact resistance and the like, and is particularly suitable for the structural explosion-proof requirements of large infrastructure construction.
The coatings prepared in examples 1-3 were subjected to a fire performance test (refer to the outline of fire performance test for high-performance fire-resistant coatings), and the results show that the back surface of the test piece coated with the coating for 120min has no gaps penetrating into the test furnace, no flame is generated, and the test is complete after structural test, and no collapse phenomenon occurs. The test result shows that the fireproof performance of the paint prepared by the invention meets the fireproof performance time requirement specified in the outline of fireproof performance test of high-performance fireproof paint when the thickness of the coated coating is 7.2 mm.
In addition, the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating has the excellent performance, and can be also used for anti-explosion coatings, anti-explosion police, military vehicles and other anti-explosion coatings.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the discussion of any of the embodiments above is merely exemplary and is not intended to suggest that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; the technical features of the above embodiments or in the different embodiments may also be combined within the idea of the invention, the steps may be implemented in any order and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
The technical features of the present invention that are not described in the present invention may be implemented by or using the prior art, and are not described in detail herein, but the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, but is also intended to be within the scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. An explosion-proof flame-retardant coating is characterized by comprising a component A and a component B;
the component A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 33-38% of polyether polyol, 30-36% of isocyanate, 1.5-2.5% of catalyst, 25-35% of flame retardant and 0.5-1% of diluent;
the component B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55-65% of amino-terminated polyether, 25-35% of chain extender, 4-6% of antioxidant, 1.5-2.5% of ultraviolet absorber, 1-3% of molecular sieve, 0.3-0.7% of defoamer and 0.4-0.6% of pigment.
2. The explosion-proof flame-retardant coating according to claim 1, wherein the component A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 35% of polyether polyol, 33% of isocyanate, 2% of catalyst, 29.5% of flame retardant and 0.5% of diluent;
the component B comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 60% of amino-terminated polyether, 30% of chain extender, 5% of antioxidant, 2% of ultraviolet absorber, 2% of molecular sieve, 0.5% of defoamer and 0.5% of pigment.
3. The explosion-proof flame retardant coating according to claim 1, wherein the amino-terminated polyether comprises amino-terminated polyether T5000, amino-terminated polyether D2000 and amino-terminated polyether D230, and the mass ratio of the amino-terminated polyether T5000, amino-terminated polyether D2000 and amino-terminated polyether D230 is 13-17:30-40:8-12.
4. The explosion-proof flame retardant coating according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the amino-terminated polyether T5000, the amino-terminated polyether D2000 and the amino-terminated polyether D230 is 15:35:10.
5. The explosion-proof flame retardant coating according to claim 3, wherein the chain extender is diethyl toluene diamine.
6. The explosion-proof flame retardant coating according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the explosion-proof flame retardant coating comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a component A: adding polyether polyol into a reaction kettle with inert gas protection according to the formula amount, dehydrating at the vacuum degree of 100-110 ℃ and minus 0.075-minus 0.9Mpa, then removing vacuum, cooling to 50-60 ℃, adding the formula amount of isocyanate and catalyst, then heating to 70-80 ℃ again, keeping the temperature to react completely, cooling, adding the formula amount of flame retardant and diluent, uniformly mixing, and filtering to obtain a component A;
s2, preparing a component B: adding amino-terminated polyether into a reaction kettle according to the formula amount, adding a chain extender according to the formula amount after uniformly mixing, introducing inert gas for protection while stirring, reducing the stirring speed after controlling the temperature in the kettle to be less than 40 ℃, adding an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorbent, a molecular sieve and a defoaming agent according to the formula amount into the reaction kettle for continuous stirring, and finally adding a pigment according to the formula amount, uniformly mixing and filtering to obtain a component B;
s3, mixing the component A and the component B prepared in the step S1 and the step S2 according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain the explosion-proof flame-retardant coating.
7. The explosion-proof flame retardant coating according to claim 3, wherein in the preparation of the component B, the stirring speed is reduced to 200 rpm, the stirring speed after adding the pigment is 800-1000 rpm, and the stirring time is 60 minutes.
8. The explosion-proof flame retardant coating according to claim 1, wherein the explosion-proof flame retardant coating further comprises a chopped carbon fiber reinforced material;
the component A, the component B and the chopped carbon fiber reinforced material are mixed in proportion.
9. The explosion-proof flame retardant coating according to claim 8, wherein the chopped carbon fiber reinforced material is composed of continuous carbon fibers cut into 2-20mm short filaments.
10. The explosion-proof flame retardant coating according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the explosion-proof flame retardant coating is used in building construction explosion protection and protection against explosion.
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