CN116001968A - Transmission and transmission control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a speed changer and discloses a speed change control method, wherein the speed changer comprises a main shaft, a gear shift lever, an input gear ring and an output gear ring, a storage groove is formed in the end face of the right end of the main shaft, a plurality of first avoidance holes are formed in the side wall of the main shaft, pawls and first elastic members are arranged in the first avoidance holes, the main shaft is sleeved with a planetary gear train, sun gears of the planetary gear train are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first avoidance holes, and one ends of the pawls are forced to swing out of the main shaft by the first elastic members and extend into second ratchet tooth surfaces of the sun gears so that the sun gears stop rotating; one end of the gear shift lever rotatably extends into the storage groove, grooves corresponding to the first avoidance holes are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the gear shift lever along the axial direction of the gear shift lever, and the transmission is simple in structure and convenient to control. The speed change control method comprises the following steps: by adjusting the rotation angle of the gear shifting lever, the clutch mechanisms of different combinations on the transmission are combined to finish gear shifting and self-locking of the transmission, and the method is simple.

Description

Transmission and transmission control method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of speed variators, in particular to a speed variators and a speed change control method.

Background

Off-road and athletic bicycles mostly have a transmission for adjusting the gear of the bicycle to adjust the match of the riding physical power and the speed of the bicycle. The internal speed variator is also called an internal speed variator, and is generally provided with a planetary gear train, and the output rotating speed is controlled through the planetary gear train to realize the gear change. The structure of the gear shifting mechanism and the whole transmission of the transmission at the present stage is complex, the precision of the parts is high, the assembly requirement is high, the reliability is lower, and the manufacturing cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the transmission which is simple in mechanism and convenient to control.

The invention also provides a speed change control method.

According to the transmission disclosed by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the transmission comprises a main shaft, a gear lever, an input gear ring and an output gear ring which are all sleeved on the main shaft, wherein the left end of the main shaft is used for being connected with a frame, the end surface of the right end of the main shaft is provided with a containing groove which is coaxial with the main shaft, the side wall of the main shaft is provided with a plurality of first avoiding holes communicated with the containing groove, the plurality of first avoiding holes are sequentially distributed from left to right, the plurality of first avoiding holes are staggered, the inner wall of each first avoiding hole is connected with a pawl through a hinge shaft, the hinge shaft is parallel to the main shaft, the inner wall of each first avoiding hole is provided with a first elastic piece, the main shaft is sleeved with a planetary gear train, the sun wheel of the planetary gear train is in one-to-one correspondence with the first avoiding holes, one end of each first elastic piece is propped against the pawl to force the pawl to swing, and one end of the pawl swings to the outside the main shaft and stretches into a second tooth surface of the sun wheel to stop rotation of the sun wheel; the input gear ring and the output gear ring are respectively a transmission input end and an output end, the input gear ring is sleeved on the planetary gear system and is matched with the first planetary gear of the planetary gear system, and the output gear ring is sleeved on the planetary gear system and is matched with the planetary gear at the tail end of the planetary gear system; the left end of gear shifting lever rotationally stretches into accomodate the groove, on the excircle surface of gear shifting lever follow gear shifting lever axial direction distribute with first recess that dodges the hole and correspond, all the recess is in dislocation each other on the gear shifting lever, the recess can supply the other end of pawl stretches into, the right-hand member of gear shifting lever is connected with gear shifting actuating mechanism.

Has at least the following beneficial effects: the external driving force is transmitted into the transmission through the input gear ring and finally transmitted to the wheels through the output gear ring. A first relief hole, a pawl, a first resilient member and a recess cooperate to form a clutch mechanism. The first elastic member forces the pawl to rotate about the hinge shaft. When the gear shift lever is rotated, the other end of the pawl can extend into the groove when the groove corresponds to the position of the pawl, and one end of the pawl swings to the main shaft and extends into the second ratchet surface of the sun gear at the corresponding position, so that the sun gear is forced to stop rotating, and the separation of a clutch mechanism is completed. The transmission is provided with a plurality of clutch mechanisms, different clutch mechanisms are combined or separated by controlling the rotation angle of the gear shifting lever, so that gear shifting or gear shifting of the transmission is completed.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the transmission has first to fifth clutches, the second and fifth clutches are all engaged, the other clutches are disengaged, the transmission is in gear 1, the second and third clutches are all engaged, the other clutches are disengaged, the transmission is in gear 2, the first and fifth clutches are all engaged, the other clutches are disengaged, the transmission is in gear 3, the first and third clutches are all engaged, the other clutches are disengaged, the transmission is in gear 4, the first and fourth clutches are all engaged, the other clutches are disengaged, the transmission is in gear 5,

according to some embodiments of the invention, the second clutch mechanism, the third clutch mechanism and the fourth clutch mechanism are all engaged, the other clutch mechanisms are disengaged, the transmission is in a lock gear 1, the first clutch mechanism, the second clutch mechanism and the fifth clutch mechanism are all engaged, the other clutch mechanisms are disengaged, and the transmission is in a lock gear 2.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a protrusion is disposed on an end surface of a left end of the gear shift lever, a second avoidance hole communicated with the storage groove is further disposed on an outer wall of the main shaft, a length direction of the second avoidance hole is the same as an axial direction of the main shaft, a clutch wheel is slidably sleeved on the main shaft, the clutch wheel is used for conveying and connecting with a bicycle chain, the clutch wheel is connected with the protrusion through a sliding pin, the main shaft intersects with a center line of the sliding pin, one end of the sliding pin penetrates through the second avoidance hole and extends into the storage groove, an outer circle surface of one end of the sliding pin abuts against the protrusion, and the input gear ring is in driving connection with the clutch wheel.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main shaft is slidably sleeved with a clutch stop ring, the clutch stop ring is located between the clutch wheel and the main shaft, the sliding pin is arranged on the clutch stop ring, the main shaft is also sleeved with a second elastic member, the left end of the second elastic member is abutted or connected with the main shaft, the right end of the second elastic member is abutted or connected with the clutch wheel, and the second elastic member forces the clutch wheel and the sliding pin to move towards the protruding direction.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention further includes a reverse blocking wheel slidably sleeved on the main shaft, the output gear ring is in transmission connection with the reverse blocking wheel, a fourth ratchet surface is provided on a last planetary gear, a fifth ratchet surface matched with the fourth ratchet surface is provided on the reverse blocking wheel, a third elastic member is further sleeved on the main shaft, a right end of the third elastic member is connected or abutted on the main shaft, a left end of the third elastic member is connected or abutted on an end surface of the reverse blocking wheel, and the third elastic member forces a last planetary gear of the reverse blocking wheel to move.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the gear shifting driving mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a rotary driving mechanism and a control module, wherein the rotary driving mechanism and the control module are both arranged on the mounting plate, the mounting plate is connected with the main shaft, the output end of the rotary driving mechanism is connected with a speed reducer mechanism, the output end of the speed reducer mechanism is in transmission connection with the gear shifting lever, the control module is electrically connected with the rotary driving mechanism, and the control module is electrically connected with a wireless signal receiving and transmitting module.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the end face of the right end of the main shaft is provided with a plurality of connecting pieces, the plurality of connecting pieces are distributed around the storage groove in a ring shape, the plurality of connecting pieces are connected with an adapter plate, the adapter plate is connected with an auxiliary shaft, the auxiliary shaft is coaxially arranged with the main shaft, the auxiliary shaft is used for being connected with a frame, the right end of the gear shift lever is located between the plurality of connecting pieces, and the output end of the speed reducer mechanism passes through a gap between the connecting pieces and is in transmission connection with the right end of the gear shift lever.

According to the speed change control method of the second aspect of the embodiment of the invention, through adjusting the rotation angle of the gear lever, the clutch mechanisms of different combinations on the speed changer are combined to complete the gear change and the self-locking of the speed changer.

Has at least the following beneficial effects: the control principle and the method of the speed change control method are simple, and the speed changer can realize gear change and self-locking, so that the bicycle has the function of locking the bicycle while realizing the gear change riding function, and no additional bicycle lock is needed.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the transmission has gear 1 to gear 5, lock gear 1 and lock gear 2, and the shift lever is rotated 50 ° each time a shift of an adjacent gear is completed.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional configuration of the transmission of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the main shaft, clutch wheel and reverse blocking wheel of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the spindle in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the shift lever, first resilient member and pawl of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the shift lever of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at A-A in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at B-B in FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at C-C in FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the main shaft, planetary gear train and auxiliary shaft of FIG. 2;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 10 after the main shaft, input ring gear, output ring gear and auxiliary shaft are hidden;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the main shaft, sun gear, clutch gear and reverse blocking gear of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of the transmission shift drive mechanism of FIG. 1;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 13 after hiding the cover plate.

Reference numerals: the main shaft 100, the first bearing 110, the rotary drum 111, the sprocket 120, the clutch ring 130, the slide pin 131, the second bearing 140, the third bearing 150, the flange 151, the receiving groove 160, the connecting member 170, the auxiliary shaft 171, the first escape hole 180, the pawl 181, the first elastic member 182, the receiving cavity 183, the second escape hole 190, the hub shell 200, the shift lever 300, the fourth bearing 310, the first groove 320, the second groove 330, the third groove 340, the boss 350, the input gear 360, the clutch 400, the fourth tooth surface 410, the first ratchet surface 420, the second elastic member 430, the planetary gear train 500, the input ring gear 510, the output ring gear 520, the transmission gear 521, the carrier 530, the sun gear set 540, the first sun gear 541, the second sun gear 542, the third sun gear 543, the second ratchet tooth surface 544, the third ratchet surface 545, the fourth ratchet surface 546, the planetary gear set 550, the planetary gear 551, the first planetary gear 552, the second planetary gear 553, the third planetary gear 554, the reverse gear 600, the fifth ratchet surface 610, the third elastic member 620, the planetary gear set 720, the intermediate gear assembly 720, the gear assembly drive plate 700, the gear assembly 740, the speed change gear housing plate 740, the speed change mechanism 740, the gear housing plate 740, the speed change mechanism of the gear drive assembly 740, the speed change gear assembly 740, and the cover plate 740.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, plural means two or more. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the invention discloses a transmission, which comprises a main shaft 100, a gear shift lever 300, an input gear ring 510 and an output gear ring 520 which are all sleeved on the main shaft 100, wherein the left end of the main shaft 100 is used for being connected with a frame, a containing groove 160 is formed in the end surface of the right end of the main shaft 100, the containing groove 160 is coaxial with the main shaft 100, a plurality of first avoiding holes 180 communicated with the containing groove 160 are formed in the side wall of the main shaft 100, the plurality of first avoiding holes 180 are distributed in sequence from left to right, the plurality of first avoiding holes 180 are staggered with each other, a pawl 181 is connected to the inner wall of the first avoiding holes 180 through a hinge shaft, the hinge shaft is parallel to the main shaft 100, a first elastic piece 182 is arranged on the inner wall of the first avoiding holes 180, the main shaft 100 is sleeved with a planetary gear train 500, one-to-one correspondence to the first avoiding holes 180, one end of the first elastic piece 182 is propped against the pawl 181 to force the pawl 181 to swing, and one end of the pawl 181 swings to the outside the main shaft 100 and stretches into a second ratchet surface 544 of the sun gear to stop rotating; the input gear ring 510 and the output gear ring 520 are respectively an input end and an output end of the transmission, the input gear ring 510 is sleeved on the planetary gear train 500 and is matched with the first planetary gear of the planetary gear train 500, and the output gear ring 520 is sleeved on the planetary gear train 500 and is matched with the planetary gear at the tail end of the planetary gear train 500; the left end of the gear lever 300 rotatably extends into the storage groove 160, grooves corresponding to the first avoidance holes 180 are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the gear lever 300 along the axial direction of the gear lever 300, all the grooves are staggered on the gear lever 300, the other end of the pawl 181 extends into the grooves, and the right end of the gear lever 300 is connected with a gear-shifting driving mechanism 700.

External driving force, such as a chain, is transmitted into the transmission through the input ring gear 510 and finally to the wheels through the output ring gear 520. A first relief aperture 180, a detent 181, a first resilient member 182, and a recess cooperate to form a clutch mechanism. The first elastic member 182 forces the pawl 181 to rotate about the hinge shaft and rotates the shift lever 300 such that when the groove corresponds to the position of the pawl 181, the other end of the pawl 181 can extend into the groove, and one end of the pawl 181 swings to the main shaft 100 and extends into the second ratchet surface 544 of the sun gear at the corresponding position, forcing the sun gear to stop rotating, thereby completing the separation of a clutch mechanism. The transmission is provided with a plurality of clutch mechanisms, different clutch mechanisms are combined or separated by controlling the rotation angle of the gear shifting lever 300, so that gear shifting or gear shifting of the transmission is completed.

The transmission further includes an auxiliary shaft 171, a clutch wheel 400, a clutch ring 130, a sliding pin 131, a second elastic member 430, and a plurality of connection members 170.

The whole transmission structure comprises a main shaft 100, a hub shell 200, a gear lever 300, a clutch wheel 400, a planetary gear train 500, a reverse blocking wheel 600 and a gear shifting driving mechanism 700.

The left end of the main shaft 100 is used for being connected with a frame. The left end of the main shaft 100 is sleeved with a first bearing 110, the first bearing 110 is sleeved with a rotary cylinder 111, and the rotary cylinder 111 can rotate relative to the main shaft 100. The left end of the rotary cylinder 111 is provided with a sprocket 120, the sprocket 120 is in driving connection with a self-supporting chain, and the sprocket 120 and the rotary cylinder 111 rotate synchronously. Hub shell 200 is adapted for connection with a spoke of a wheel. The flower-drum shell 200 is close to a drum shape, the flower-drum shell 200 is of a hollow structure, two ends of the flower-drum shell 200 are open, a second bearing 140 is sleeved at the middle section of the rotary cylinder 111, the left end of the flower-drum shell 200 is sleeved on the main shaft 100 and connected with the second bearing 140, and the flower-drum shell 200 can rotate relative to the main shaft 100 and the rotary cylinder 111. The right end of the main shaft 100 is sleeved with a third bearing 150, the third bearing 150 is sleeved with a flange plate 151, the flange plate 151 is connected with the right end of the flower-drum shell 200, and the flange plate 151 and the flower-drum shell 200 can rotate relative to the main shaft 100.

The end face of the right end of the main shaft 100 is provided with a receiving groove 160, and the receiving groove 160 is coaxial with the main shaft 100. The receiving groove 160 has a circular cross section. The end face of the right end of the main shaft 100 is provided with a plurality of connecting pieces 170, the plurality of connecting pieces 170 are distributed around the containing groove 160 in a ring shape, the plurality of connecting pieces 170 are connected with an adapter plate, the side surface of the adapter plate, which is far away from the chain wheel 120, is provided with an auxiliary shaft 171, the auxiliary shaft 171 is coaxially arranged with the main shaft 100, and the auxiliary shaft 171 is used for being connected with a frame. The auxiliary axle 171 and the main axle 100 function as a support on the frame for the entire transmission structure.

The left end of the gear lever 300 extends into the accommodating groove 160, a fourth bearing 310 is sleeved on the gear lever 300, the outer ring of the fourth bearing 310 is connected with the inner peripheral wall of the accommodating groove 160, the gear lever 300 can rotate relative to the main shaft 100, and the right end of the gear lever 300 is positioned among the plurality of connecting pieces 170. The main shaft 100 or the auxiliary shaft 171 is connected with a gear shift driving mechanism 700, the output end of the gear shift driving mechanism 700 is in transmission connection with the right end of the gear shift lever 300, and the gear shift driving mechanism 700 drives the gear shift lever 300 to rotate.

The outer wall at the right end of the main shaft 100 is provided with three first avoiding holes 180 which are communicated with the containing groove 160, the three first avoiding holes 180 are distributed in sequence from left to right, and the three first avoiding holes 180 are staggered with each other. The inner wall of the first avoiding hole 180 is connected with a pawl 181 through a hinge shaft, the hinge shaft is parallel to the main shaft 100, the inner walls of all the first avoiding holes 180 are provided with first elastic pieces 182, one end of the pawl 181 is driven by the first elastic pieces 182 to swing outwards of the main shaft 100, and the other end of the pawl 181 is abutted against the outer wall of the gear shifting lever 300.

The gear lever 300 is provided with a first groove 320, a second groove 330 and a third groove 340 on the outer circumferential surface, the first groove 320, the second groove 330 and the third groove 340 are distributed from left to right in sequence, the first groove 320 is closest to the sprocket 120, and the first groove 320, the second groove 330 and the third groove 340 are staggered on the gear lever 300. Three pawls 181 are disposed opposite the first, second, and third recesses 320, 330, 340, respectively. When the gear lever 300 rotates, the other end of the first pawl 181 falls into the first groove 320 from the outer circumferential wall of the gear lever 300, and at this time, one end of the pawl 181 swings outward of the main shaft 100, and one end of the pawl 181 swings outward of the main shaft 100. Similarly, one end of the second and third pawls 181 can be swung out of the main shaft 100 by rotating the angle of the shift lever 300.

The left end face of the gear lever 300 is provided with a protrusion 350 so that the left end face of the gear lever 300 forms a slope structure. The main shaft 100 is slidably sleeved with a clutch baffle ring 130, the outer wall of the main shaft 100 is also provided with a second avoiding hole 190 communicated with the accommodating groove 160, the length direction of the second avoiding hole 190 is the same as the axial direction of the main shaft 100, the second avoiding hole 190 is biased towards the left end of the main shaft 100, and the first avoiding hole 180 is biased towards the right end of the main shaft 100. The baffle ring 130 is provided with a sliding pin 131 perpendicular to the main shaft 100, the main shaft 100 intersects with the central line of the sliding pin 131, one end of the sliding pin 131 passes through the second avoidance hole 190 and extends into the storage groove 160, the outer circumferential surface of one end of the sliding pin 131 abuts against the protrusion 350, and when the gear shift lever 300 rotates, the protrusion 350 can drive the sliding pin 131 and the baffle ring 130 in a direction away from the gear shift lever 300, namely, in a direction towards the sprocket 120.

The clutch wheel 400 is slidably sleeved on the main shaft 100, the rotary cylinder 111 is sleeved outside the clutch wheel 400, the clutch wheel 400 is arranged in the inner cavity of the rotary cylinder 111, and the clutch wheel 400 can move along the axial direction of the main shaft 100, namely, the clutch wheel 400 and the rotary cylinder 111 can relatively move. The inner wall of the rotary cylinder 111 is provided with a third tooth surface, the outer wall of the clutch wheel 400 is provided with a fourth tooth surface 410, and the third tooth surface and the fourth tooth surface 410 are matched with each other.

The clutch wheel 400 is provided with a second through hole which is coaxial with the spindle 100, the left end of the clutch wheel 400 is close to the sprocket 120, the left end of the clutch wheel 400 is provided with a convex block part extending into the second through hole, the clutch wheel 400 is slidably sleeved on the clutch baffle ring 130, that is, the clutch baffle ring 130 is positioned between the clutch wheel 400 and the spindle 100, the convex block part is propped against one side surface of the clutch baffle ring 130 close to the sprocket 120, that is, the convex block part is propped against the left end of the clutch baffle ring 130. The main shaft 100 is further sleeved on a second elastic member 430, the left end of the second elastic member 430 abuts against or is connected with the inner wall of the rotary cylinder 111/the main shaft 100, the right end of the second elastic member 430 abuts against or is connected with the left end of the clutch wheel 400, and the second elastic member 430 forces the clutch wheel 400, the clutch stop ring 130 and the sliding pin 131 to move towards the gear shift lever 300/the protrusion 350, that is, away from the sprocket 120. The right end face of the clutch wheel 400 is provided with a first ratchet surface 420.

Referring to fig. 10-12, further comprising an input ring gear 510 and an output ring gear 520, the planetary gear train 500 comprises a planet carrier 530, a sun gear set 540 and at least three planet gear sets 550.

The sun gear set 540 includes a first sun gear 541, a second sun gear 542 and a third sun gear 543, where the moduli of the first sun gear 541, the second sun gear 542 and the third sun gear 543 are different, the first sun gear 541, the second sun gear 542 and the third sun gear 543 are all sleeved on the main shaft 100, the first sun gear 541, the second sun gear 542 and the third sun gear 543 are sequentially far away from the sprocket 120, and the first sun gear 541, the second sun gear 542 and the third sun gear 543 respectively correspond to the three first avoidance holes 180. The inner walls of the central holes of the first sun gear 541, the second sun gear 542 and the third sun gear 543 are respectively provided with a second ratchet surface 544 matched with the pawl 181, the first sun gear 541, one pawl 181 and one first elastic piece 182 form a second clutch mechanism, and the opening and the closing of the second clutch mechanism are controlled through the first groove 320 of the gear shifting lever 300; the second sun gear 542, the pawl 181 and the first elastic member 182 form a third clutch mechanism, and the second groove 330 of the gear shift lever 300 controls the opening and closing of the third clutch mechanism; the third sun gear 543, a pawl 181 and a first elastic member 182 form a fourth clutch mechanism, and the opening and closing of the fourth clutch mechanism is controlled by the third groove 340 of the gear shift lever 300.

The planetary gear set 550 comprises a planetary gear shaft 551, a first planetary gear 552, a second planetary gear 553 and a third planetary gear 554 which are all sleeved on the planetary gear shaft 551, the moduli of the first planetary gear 552, the second planetary gear 553 and the third planetary gear 554 are different, and the first planetary gear 552, the second planetary gear 553 and the third planetary gear 554 are sequentially far away from the sprocket 120. The planet carrier 530 is sleeved on the main shaft 100 and is covered on the sun gear set 540, the planet wheel shafts 551 are parallel to the main shaft 100, the planet gear set 550 is arranged on the planet carrier 530 through the planet wheel shafts 551, and the first planet wheel 552, the second planet wheel 553 and the third planet wheel 554 are respectively connected with the first sun gear 541, the second sun gear 542 and the third sun gear 543 in a transmission way. The end surface of the first sun gear 541 facing the sprocket 120 is provided with a third ratchet surface 545, the third ratchet surface 545 and the first ratchet surface 420 are matched with each other, the first sun gear 541, the clutch wheel 400 and the second elastic member 430 form a first clutch mechanism, and the opening and closing of the first clutch mechanism are controlled by the clutch stop ring 130, the sliding pin 131 and the protrusion 350 of the gear shift lever 300.

The outer surface of the right end of the rotary cylinder 111 is provided with a first tooth surface, the input gear ring 510 is provided with a first through hole, the inner wall of the first through hole is provided with a second tooth surface and a fifth tooth surface, the first tooth surface and the second tooth surface are mutually matched, so that the transmission connection of the rotary cylinder 111 and the input gear ring 510 is completed, the input gear ring 510 is sleeved on the planet carrier 530, the fifth tooth surface is matched with the outer tooth surface of the first planet gear 552, namely, the input gear ring 510 is in transmission connection with the first planet gear, and the transmission connection of the input gear ring 510 and the first planet gear 552 is completed. The input ring gear 510 is in driving connection with the clutch wheel 400.

The output gear ring 520 is provided with a third through hole, the inner wall of the third through hole is provided with a sixth tooth surface and a seventh tooth surface, the output gear ring 520 is sleeved on the planet carrier 530, and the sixth tooth surface is matched with the outer tooth surface of the third planet wheel 554, that is, the output gear ring 520 is in transmission connection with the last planet wheel, and the transmission connection between the output gear ring 520 and the third planet wheel 554 is completed. A plurality of transmission teeth 521 are uniformly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the output gear ring 520, a plurality of tooth sockets matched with the transmission teeth 521 are arranged inside the hub shell 200, and the output gear ring 520 is in transmission connection with the hub shell 200.

The reverse blocking wheel 600 is slidably sleeved on the main shaft 100, an eighth tooth surface is arranged on the outer circle surface of the reverse blocking wheel 600, and the eighth tooth surface is matched with the seventh tooth surface to complete the transmission connection between the output gear ring 520 and the reverse blocking wheel 600.

The end surface of the third sun gear 543 far away from the sprocket 120 is provided with a fourth ratchet surface 546, that is, the end surface of the third sun gear 543 facing the reverse blocking wheel 600 is provided with a fourth ratchet surface 546, the end surface of the reverse blocking wheel 600 facing the third planet wheel 554 is provided with a fifth ratchet surface 610, and the fourth ratchet surface 546 and the fifth ratchet surface 610 cooperate to form a fifth clutch mechanism.

The main shaft 100 is further sleeved with a third elastic member 620, the right end of the third elastic member 620 is connected or abutted against the main shaft 100, the left end of the third elastic member 620 is connected or abutted against the end face of the reverse blocking wheel 600 away from the third planet wheel 554, and the third elastic member 620 forces the reverse blocking wheel 600 to move towards the third sun wheel 543. When the rotation speed of the third sun gear 543 is faster than that of the reverse blocking gear 600, the fifth clutch mechanism is disengaged, and vice versa.

As shown in fig. 7, the outer surface of the gear shift lever 300 is provided with a first groove 320, a second groove 330 and a third groove 340, wherein the number of the first grooves 320 is three, namely a first groove 320, a second first groove 320 and a third first groove 320, the bottoms of all the first grooves 320 are flat bottoms, the number of central angles corresponding to the first groove 320 and the second first groove 320 is 100 degrees, the number of central angles corresponding to the second first groove 320 and the third first groove 320 is 50 degrees, and the second first groove 320 and the third first groove 320 are in smooth transition. The central angles corresponding to the grooves are as follows: the included angle of the vertical lines at the bottoms of the two grooves.

As shown in fig. 8, the number of the second grooves 330 is three, namely, a first second groove 330, a second groove 330 and a third second groove 330, the bottoms of all the second grooves 330 are flat bottoms, the central angle degrees corresponding to the first second groove 330 and the second groove 330 are 100 degrees, and the central angle degrees corresponding to the second groove 330 and the third second groove 330 are 100 degrees.

As shown in fig. 9, the number of the third grooves 340 is two, namely a first third groove 340 and a second third groove 340, the bottoms of all the third grooves 340 are flat bottoms, the number of central angles corresponding to the first third groove 340 and the second third groove 340 is 50 degrees, and the first third groove 340 and the second third groove 340 are in smooth transition.

The following table.

The '0' in the table indicates that the corresponding clutch mechanisms are separated, the '1' in the table indicates that the corresponding clutch mechanisms are combined, the gear 1 to the gear 5 are effective gears, and the lock gear 1 and the lock gear 2 are self-locking gears.

The control method of the transmission comprises the following steps: by adjusting the rotation angle of the gear shifting lever 300, the clutch mechanisms of different combinations on the transmission are combined, and gear shifting and self-locking of the transmission are completed. The transmission is the transmission disclosed above, but is not limited to the transmission disclosed above. Each time the shift lever 300 rotates by about 50 °, the shift between the adjacent effective gear, or the shift between the effective gear and the self-locking gear, or the shift between the adjacent self-locking gear, or the shift between the self-locking gear and the effective gear can be completed. The shift lever 300 may be shifted one by 50 ° each time, or may be shifted or shifted by more than 50 ° each time.

The control principle and the method of the speed change control method are simple, and the speed changer can realize gear change and self-locking, so that the bicycle has the function of locking the bicycle while realizing the gear change riding function, and no additional bicycle lock is needed.

Initially, the gear lever 300 is in the initial position and the transmission configuration is in gear 1, with the second and fifth clutches both engaged and the other clutches disengaged.

The gear lever 300 is rotated 50 deg., the transmission structure is in gear 2, the second clutch mechanism and the third clutch mechanism are both engaged at this time, and the other clutch mechanisms are disengaged.

The gear lever 300 is rotated 50 again and the transmission configuration is in gear 3, where the first and fifth clutches are both engaged and the other clutches are disengaged.

The gear lever 300 is rotated 50 again and the transmission configuration is in gear 4, where the first and third clutch mechanisms are both engaged and the other clutch mechanisms are disengaged.

The gear lever 300 is rotated 50 deg. again and the transmission configuration is in gear 5, where the first and fourth clutches are both engaged and the other clutches are disengaged.

The gear lever 300 is rotated 50 again and the transmission arrangement is in lock gear 1, the second clutch in this case.

Referring to fig. 13 and 14, the transmission gear shift drive mechanism 700 includes a mounting plate 710, a rotational drive mechanism 720, and a control module, the mounting plate 710 for coupling with the main shaft 100 of the transmission; the rotary driving mechanism 720 is arranged on the mounting plate 710, the output end of the rotary driving mechanism 720 is connected with a speed reducer mechanism, and the output end of the speed reducer mechanism is in transmission connection with the gear shift lever 300 of the transmission extending out of the hub shell 200; the control module is disposed on the mounting board 710, and is electrically connected to the rotation driving mechanism 720, and the control module is electrically connected to the wireless signal transceiver module.

The transmission gear shifting driving mechanism 700 is connected with a transmission through a mounting plate 710, the control module controls the rotation of the rotation driving mechanism 720 according to the instruction received by the wireless signal receiving and transmitting module, and the rotation driving mechanism 720 drives the gear shifting lever 300 to rotate through a speed reducer mechanism, so that the transmission gear shifting is completed. The transmission gear shifting driving mechanism 700 is externally connected to the outside of the transmission, has a simple structure, is convenient to maintain, and does not need to manually drive the transmission.

The mounting plate 710 is connected to the right end of the main shaft 100 or the connecting member 170 or the auxiliary shaft 171, and the input end of the speed reducer mechanism is in transmission connection with the output end of the rotation driving mechanism 720, and the output end of the speed reducer mechanism is in transmission connection with the right end of the shift lever 300.

The transmission gear-shifting driving mechanism 700 further comprises an angle sensor 730 electrically connected with the control module, wherein the angle sensor 730 is connected with the housing of the speed reducer mechanism, and the output end of the speed reducer mechanism is opposite to the angle sensor 730. The angle sensor 730 feeds back information of the output end of the speed reducer mechanism to the control module, and the angle sensor 730 monitors the output end of the speed reducer mechanism and the rotation angle and rotation speed of the gear shift lever 300, so that the rotation of the gear shift lever 300 can be adjusted and controlled by controlling the rotation driving mechanism 720.

The transmission gear shifting driving mechanism 700 further includes a terminal module, such as a manual gear shifting controller, where the terminal module sends out an instruction, and the control module controls the rotation of the rotation driving mechanism 720 according to the instruction received by the wireless signal transceiver module, and can send out information such as the rotation angle and the rotation speed of the rotation driving mechanism 720, and the terminal module receives the information sent by the wireless signal transceiver module.

The transmission gear-shifting driving mechanism 700 further comprises a cover plate 740, the rotation driving mechanism 720 and the speed reducer mechanism are connected with the mounting plate 710 through the cover plate 740, and the connection or the disconnection of the rotation driving mechanism 720 and the speed reducer mechanism with the mounting plate 710 can be completed through the connection or the disconnection of the cover plate 740 with the mounting plate 710. The mounting plate 710 and the cover plate 740 form a first accommodating cavity, an intermediate gear 711 is arranged in the first accommodating cavity, and the first accommodating cavity plays a role in protecting the intermediate gear 711. The output end of the speed reducer mechanism is provided with an output gear, and the output gear is directly in transmission connection with the input gear 360, or the output gear is in transmission connection with the input gear 360 through an intermediate gear 711. The intermediate gear 711 rotatably spans the cover plate 740 and the mounting plate 710.

The control module includes a computer board and a battery assembly electrically connected, both of which are connected to the cover 740. The battery assembly provides power to the computer board, the wireless signal transceiver module, and the rotary drive mechanism 720. The computer board controls the rotation of the rotation driving mechanism 720. The rotation driving mechanism 720 is a motor.

The control method of the speed changer/working principle of the speed changer gear shifting driving mechanism is that a terminal module sends out gear shifting instructions, a wireless signal receiving and transmitting module receives the gear shifting instructions sent out by the terminal module, and a control module controls rotation of a rotary driving mechanism 720 according to the instructions received by the wireless signal receiving and transmitting module, so that clutch mechanisms of different combinations on the speed changer are combined to finish gear shifting and self locking of the speed changer.

The transmission gear-shifting driving mechanism 700 further includes a cover 760, where the cover 760 is connected to the cover 740 and forms a second cavity, and the rotation driving mechanism 720, the speed reducer mechanism, the angle sensor 730, the computer board and the wireless signal transceiver module are all disposed in the second cavity. The cover 760 serves to protect the rotation driving mechanism 720, the decelerator mechanism, the angle sensor 730, the computer board, and the wireless signal transceiver module.

The battery assembly includes a battery box 750 and a battery disposed in the battery box 750, the battery box 750 is connected with the cover plate 740 through a buckle assembly, and the battery is electrically connected with the computer board through a wire. The battery assembly can be conveniently and quickly connected to the cover plate 740 or detached from the cover plate 740 through the buckle assembly, so that the battery can be conveniently replaced.

The mounting plate 710 is provided with a fourth through hole communicated with the first accommodating cavity, the fourth through hole is used for the gear lever 300 to pass through, and the gear lever 300 passes through the fourth through hole and enters the first accommodating cavity.

The end of the right end of the gear shift lever 300 extends out of the hub shell 200 and out of the flange 151, and an input gear 360 is arranged on the end of the right end of the gear shift lever 300. The end of the right end of the gear shift lever 300 and the input gear 360 are positioned in the first accommodating cavity, and the end of the right end of the gear shift lever 300 and the input gear 360 are effectively protected.

The input gear 360 is surrounded by a plurality of connection members 170 with a gap between adjacent two connection members 170, and the tooth surface of the output gear or the tooth surface of the intermediate gear 711 passes through the gap and meshes with the tooth surface of the input gear 360.

The mounting plate 710 is connected with the end face of the spindle 100 through a plurality of connecting pieces 170, the plurality of connecting pieces 170 are arranged around the fourth through holes, stress concentration points on the end faces of the mounting plate 710 and the spindle 100 are avoided, and the mechanical strength of the mounting plate 710, the spindle 100 and the connecting points between the mounting plate 710 and the spindle 100 is ensured. The end face of the main shaft 100 is the end face of the right end of the main shaft 100.

It can be understood that the connecting piece 170 is a screw or a bolt, after the connecting piece 170 passes through the adapter plate and the mounting plate 710, the connecting piece 170 is in threaded connection with the end surface of the right end of the spindle 100, so as to complete the connection of the adapter plate and the auxiliary shaft 171 with the spindle 100, and simultaneously, fixedly connect the mounting plate 710 with the auxiliary shaft 171 and the spindle 100.

The first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth tooth surfaces are all straight tooth surfaces.

The second elastic member 430 and the third elastic member 620 are springs. The first elastic member 182 is a reed. The main shaft 100 includes a large section and a small section, the large section has a smaller diameter than the small section, the sprocket 120 is sleeved on the small section, and the receiving groove 160 is formed in the large section. The surface of the large section is arranged on the sliding groove, the sliding groove is communicated with the first avoiding hole 180, and the pawl 181 can conveniently move to the first avoiding hole 180 through the sliding groove.

The side wall of the first avoiding hole 180 is provided with a containing cavity 183, the first elastic member 182 is arranged in the containing cavity 183, one end of the first elastic member 182 extends into the first avoiding hole 180, and one end of the first elastic member 182 is positioned between one end of the pawl 181 and the gear shift lever 300 so as to force one end of the pawl 181 to swing out of the main shaft 100.

The pawl 181 comprises a hinge shaft, a first fin and a second fin which are all arranged on the hinge shaft, the first fin, the hinge shaft and the second fin are sequentially connected to form an arc surface, and the arc surface can be flush with the surface of the main shaft 100, so that the pawl 181 is completely contained in the first avoiding hole 180. The first fin and the second fin are one end of the pawl 181 and the other end of the pawl 181, respectively.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A transmission, comprising:

the device comprises a main shaft, wherein the left end of the main shaft is used for being connected with a frame, a containing groove is formed in the end face of the right end of the main shaft, the containing groove is coaxial with the main shaft, a plurality of first avoidance holes communicated with the containing groove are formed in the side wall of the main shaft, the first avoidance holes are sequentially distributed from left to right, the first avoidance holes are staggered with each other, a pawl is connected to the inner wall of the first avoidance hole through a hinge shaft, the hinge shaft is parallel to the main shaft, a first elastic piece is arranged on the inner wall of the first avoidance hole, the main shaft is sleeved by a planetary gear train, a sun wheel of the planetary gear train is in one-to-one correspondence with the first avoidance holes, one end of the first elastic piece abuts against the pawl to force the pawl to swing, and one end of the pawl swings out of the main shaft and stretches into a second ratchet tooth surface of the sun wheel to stop rotating;

the input gear ring and the output gear ring are respectively an input end and an output end of the transmission, the input gear ring is sleeved on the planetary gear system and is matched with the first planetary gear of the planetary gear system, and the output gear ring is sleeved on the planetary gear system and is matched with the planetary gear at the tail end of the planetary gear system;

the gear shifting rod, the left end of gear shifting rod rotationally stretches into accomodate the groove, follow on the excircle surface of gear shifting rod axial direction distribute with the recess that the hole corresponds is dodged to the first time, all the recess is in dislocation each other on the gear shifting rod, the recess can supply the other end of pawl stretches into, the right-hand member of gear shifting rod is connected with gear shifting actuating mechanism.

2. A transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transmission is provided with a first clutch mechanism, a second clutch mechanism, a third clutch mechanism, a fourth clutch mechanism, a first clutch mechanism, a second clutch mechanism, a third clutch mechanism, a fourth clutch mechanism, a gear 5 and a gear 5, wherein the first clutch mechanism, the second clutch mechanism, the fifth clutch mechanism, the other clutch mechanisms, the first clutch mechanism, the second clutch mechanism, the third clutch mechanism, the other clutch mechanisms, the transmission is in a gear 1, the second clutch mechanism, the third clutch mechanism, the other clutch mechanisms, the transmission is in a gear 4, the first clutch mechanism, the fourth clutch mechanism, the other clutch mechanisms are all closed, the transmission is in a gear 2, the first clutch mechanism, the fifth clutch mechanism, the other clutch mechanisms are all closed, the transmission is in a gear 3, the first clutch mechanism, the third clutch mechanism, the other clutch mechanisms are separated, and the transmission is in a gear 4.

3. A transmission as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the second clutch mechanism, the third clutch mechanism and the fourth clutch mechanism are all closed, other clutch mechanisms are separated, the transmission is in a locking gear 1, the first clutch mechanism, the second clutch mechanism and the fifth clutch mechanism are all closed, other clutch mechanisms are separated, and the transmission is in a locking gear 2.

4. A transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gear shifting rod comprises a gear shifting rod, and is characterized in that a bulge is arranged on the end face of the left end of the gear shifting rod, a second avoidance hole communicated with the storage groove is further formed in the outer wall of the main shaft, the length direction of the second avoidance hole is identical to the axial direction of the main shaft, a clutch wheel is slidably sleeved on the main shaft and used for being connected with a bicycle chain in a conveying mode, the clutch wheel is connected with the bulge through a sliding pin, the main shaft is intersected with the central line of the sliding pin, one end of the sliding pin penetrates through the second avoidance hole and stretches into the storage groove, the outer circle surface of one end of the sliding pin abuts against the bulge, and an input gear ring is connected with the clutch wheel in a driving mode.

5. The transmission according to claim 4, wherein: the clutch stop ring is slidably sleeved on the main shaft, the clutch stop ring is positioned between the clutch wheel and the main shaft, the sliding pin is arranged on the clutch stop ring, the main shaft is also sleeved with a second elastic piece, the left end of the second elastic piece is abutted or connected with the main shaft, the right end of the second elastic piece is abutted or connected with the clutch wheel, and the second elastic piece forces the clutch wheel and the sliding pin to move towards the protruding direction.

6. The transmission according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: the device also comprises a reverse blocking wheel which is slidably sleeved on the main shaft, the output gear ring is in transmission connection with the reverse blocking wheel, the last planetary wheel is provided with a fourth ratchet surface, the reverse blocking wheel is provided with a fifth ratchet surface matched with the fourth ratchet surface, the main shaft is also sleeved with a third elastic piece, the right end of the third elastic piece is connected or propped against the main shaft, the left end of the third elastic piece is connected or propped against the end face of the reverse blocking wheel, and the third elastic piece forces the last planetary wheel of the reverse blocking wheel to move.

7. A transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gear shifting driving mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a rotary driving mechanism and a control module, wherein the rotary driving mechanism and the control module are arranged on the mounting plate, the mounting plate is connected with the main shaft, the output end of the rotary driving mechanism is connected with a speed reducer mechanism, the output end of the speed reducer mechanism is in transmission connection with the gear shifting lever, the control module is electrically connected with the rotary driving mechanism, and the control module is electrically connected with a wireless signal receiving and transmitting module.

8. The transmission of claim 7, wherein: the end face of main shaft right-hand member is equipped with many connecting pieces, and many the connecting piece is the annular round accomodate the groove distributes, many the connecting piece is being connected with the keysets, the keysets is connected with the auxiliary shaft, the auxiliary shaft with the main shaft coaxial setting, the auxiliary shaft is used for being connected with the frame, the right-hand member of gear level is in many between the connecting piece, the output of reduction gear mechanism pass the connecting piece with clearance between the connecting piece with the right-hand member transmission of gear level is connected.

9. The speed change control method is characterized in that: a transmission comprising a gear shift lever according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the gear shift and self-locking of the transmission are accomplished by adjusting the rotation angle of the gear shift lever such that different combinations of clutch mechanisms on the transmission are engaged.

10. The shift control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: the transmission is provided with gears 1 to 5, a locking gear 1 and a locking gear 2, and each time the gear shifting lever rotates for 50 degrees, the adjacent gears are changed once.

Images