CN115998226A - Anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror - Google Patents

Abstract

An anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope is disclosed that includes a scope body having a front end wall and at least one lithotripsy device disposed in the scope body, the at least one lithotripsy device including a first lithotripsy device. The mirror body includes a main tube body and a suction and discharge passage provided to the main tube body, the suction and discharge passage having a discharge port formed in a front end wall of the mirror body. The first stone breaking device comprises a first stone breaking device, and the first stone breaking device is arranged at the discharge opening. The anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror can further strike stones at the discharge port of the discharge channel so as to keep the discharge port unobstructed, and the broken stones can be discharged out of the body through the discharge channel more quickly.

Description

Anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope.

Background

Urinary tract calculus diseases (e.g., kidney stones, ureteral stones) are a common urinary system disorder. The prevalence rate and recurrence rate of urinary tract stones are high, and the urinary tract stones tend to rise year by year. In addition, urinary tract stones may cause complications such as urinary tract infection, urinary tract infarction, renal failure and the like, and the health of people is seriously affected.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is one of the treatments for urinary tract calculus diseases. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a minimally invasive procedure in which a stone removal channel is first established between the skin and the renal collection system through a surgical incision (about 0.5 cm) in the patient's skin, followed by placement of the percutaneous nephroscope and striking of the stone, and then expelling the broken stone out of the body.

However, conventional percutaneous nephroscopes still suffer from drawbacks during application, e.g., broken stones tend to clog during expulsion. In particular, when a crushed stone of a larger size or more is simultaneously flung to a passage for discharging the stone, the passage is easily blocked, and is difficult to be efficiently discharged outside the body, not only affecting the stone discharging efficiency, but also possibly causing excessive internal pressure of the kidney.

Thus, there is a need for an optimized stone evacuation scheme for percutaneous nephroscopes to increase stone evacuation efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

An advantage of the present application is that it provides an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope, wherein the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope can further strike stones at the discharge port of its suction and discharge channel to maintain the discharge port unobstructed so that broken stones can be more rapidly discharged out of the body through the suction and discharge channel.

Another advantage of the present application is that it provides an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope, wherein the position of the stone is more stable under the action of negative pressure suction, and therefore, the stone crusher of the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope can crush the stone blocked in the outlet relatively fast under the cooperation of negative pressure suction, so as to improve the stone cleaning efficiency.

Yet another advantage of the present application is to provide an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope in which multiple hits to stones can be achieved by adjusting the structure and position of the lithotripter to hit stones into stones of smaller size, so as to avoid blocking of stones in the suction and discharge channel as much as possible, thereby improving the stone discharge efficiency and surgical safety.

Yet another advantage of the present application is to provide an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope wherein the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope enables front end visualization to improve surgical reliability and safety.

To achieve at least one of the above advantages, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope including:

a mirror body having a front end wall, comprising a main tube body and a suction and discharge passage provided to the main tube body, the suction and discharge passage having a discharge port formed in the front end wall of the mirror body; the method comprises the steps of,

The first stone breaking device is arranged on the mirror main body and comprises a first stone breaking device, and the first stone breaking device is arranged at the discharge port.

In the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to the present application, the first crushed stone includes a first head body and at least one spiral blade disposed in the first head body, the spiral blade spirally extends forward along an outer side surface of the first head body in a first rotation direction, and rotates in a second rotation direction when the first crushed stone is driven to rotate, and the first rotation direction is consistent with the second rotation direction.

In the anti-blocking percutaneous operating scope according to the present application, the radial dimension of the first head main body gradually increases from the front end thereof to the rear end thereof.

In the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to the present application, the first head body is disposed at a middle region of the discharge port.

In the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to the present application, the lithotripsy device further comprises a driver and a transmission mechanism drivingly connected between the driver and the first lithotripsy, wherein the transmission mechanism is coaxially connected to the first lithotripsy.

In the anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror according to the present application, the first crushed stone has a first laser emitting portion to strike the stone by emitted laser light.

In the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to the present application, the first crushed stone of the first lithotripter is telescopically disposed at the discharge port to switch between a first state in which the first crushed stone protrudes from the discharge port to strike a distant stone and a second state in which the first crushed stone is retracted to the discharge port to strike a stone blocked at the discharge port.

In the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to the present application, the first lithotripter further includes a first lithotripter body extending rearward from the first lithotripter, the scope body further includes a first working channel communicating with the suction and discharge channel, and the first lithotripter body of the first lithotripter is disposed in the first working channel.

In the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to the present application, the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope further includes a second lithotripsy device telescopically disposed to the scope body.

In an anti-occlusion percutaneous surgical scope according to the present application, the scope body further includes a flow channel disposed in the main tubular body.

In the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to the present application, further comprising an image acquisition device provided to the scope body, the image acquisition device comprises at least one electronic camera, and the discharge port is within a field of view of the image acquisition device.

Further objects and advantages of the present application will become fully apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings.

These and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings, and the appended claims.

Drawings

The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following more particular description of embodiments of the present application, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the application and not constitute a limitation to the application. In the drawings, like reference numerals generally refer to like parts or steps.

Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic view of an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2A illustrates a partial perspective view of a scope body of an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 2B illustrates a partial cross-sectional schematic view of a scope body of an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope in accordance with an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 2C illustrates a schematic diagram of the operation of an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3A illustrates a partial perspective view of one variant implementation of a scope body of an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3B illustrates a partial cross-sectional schematic view of one variant implementation of a scope body of an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope in accordance with an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 3C illustrates a schematic diagram of the operation of an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 illustrates a partial perspective view of another variant embodiment of a scope body of an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 illustrates a partial perspective view of yet another variant embodiment of a scope body of an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, example embodiments according to the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application and not all of the embodiments of the present application, and it should be understood that the present application is not limited by the example embodiments described herein.

Summary of the application

As previously mentioned, percutaneous nephrolithotomy is one of the treatments for urolithiasis. Conventional percutaneous nephroscopes have disadvantages during application, such as the tendency of broken stones to clog during expulsion. In particular, when a crushed stone of a larger size or more is simultaneously flung to a passage for discharging the stone, the passage is easily blocked, and is difficult to be efficiently discharged outside the body, not only affecting the stone discharging efficiency, but also possibly causing excessive internal pressure of the kidney.

Aiming at the problems, the idea of solving the problems is as follows: the stones are struck by at least one lithotripter to reduce the size of the stones so that the stones which are further crushed can be discharged through the suction and discharge passage for discharging the stones.

Specifically, on one hand, the stone breaking device is arranged at the outlet of the suction and discharge channel, and the position of stones is more stable under the action of negative pressure suction, so that the stone breaking device can break stones blocked at the outlet relatively quickly under the cooperation of negative pressure suction. On the other hand, multiple striking of the stone is realized by adjusting the structure and the position of the stone breaking device, so that the stone is more easily broken and discharged through the suction and discharge channel, for example, the stone can be struck by the cooperation of the impact energy transmitted by laser and the cutting force provided by the blade structure, and various acting forces are applied to the stone; for another example, stones at different positions may be hit by cooperation of the stone breaking device at the discharge port and the stone breaking device at other positions, and the stones may be hit a plurality of times.

Based on this, an anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope is proposed, comprising a scope body having a front end wall and at least one lithotripsy device arranged on the scope body, the at least one lithotripsy device comprising a first lithotripsy device. The mirror body includes a main tube body and a suction and discharge passage provided to the main tube body, the suction and discharge passage having a discharge port formed in a front end wall of the mirror body. The first stone breaking device comprises a first stone breaking device, and the first stone breaking device is arranged at the discharge opening.

Exemplary percutaneous nephroscope

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an anti-blocking percutaneous operating scope 1 according to an embodiment of the present application is illustrated. The anti-blocking percutaneous operation scope 1 can be applied to an operation process for treating kidney stones S by percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Specifically, the anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror 1 is adapted to pass through the skin of a preset position of a patient to reach a target position of the kidney k for treating kidney stones S, and after the stones S in the kidney k are crushed, the crushed stones S can be discharged out of the body through the anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror 1.

For convenience of explanation, in the embodiment of the present application, an end of the anti-blocking type percutaneous operation mirror 1 inserted into the skin of a patient during an operation is referred to as a front end of the anti-blocking type percutaneous operation mirror 1, and an end opposite to the front end of the anti-blocking type percutaneous operation mirror 1 is referred to as a rear end thereof.

It should be noted that in practical applications, the stones are easily blocked when the stones with larger or more sizes are simultaneously flushed into the channel for discharging the stones, and for this purpose, the present application proposes to hit the stones by at least one stone breaking device to reduce the size of the stones, so that the stones which are further broken can be discharged through the suction and discharge channel 12 for discharging the stones.

Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope 1 includes a scope body 10 having a front end wall 110 and a peripheral wall 120, and at least one lithotripter provided to the scope body 10. The effective working length of the mirror body 10 is equal to or greater than the length of the skin at the preset position of the patient to the target position of the kidney k. The total length of the mirror body 10 is greater than its effective working length.

The mirror body 10 includes a main tube body 11 and a suction and discharge passage 12 provided in the main tube body 11, the suction and discharge passage 12 having a discharge port 60 formed in a front end wall 110 of the mirror body 10, and crushed stones can be introduced into the suction and discharge passage 12 from the discharge port 60 and discharged outside.

Specifically, the suction device communicated with the suction and discharge channel 12 can be used for sucking, so that the channel cavity of the suction and discharge channel 12 is in a negative pressure state, and further the crushed stones entering the suction and discharge channel 12 are discharged out of the body. More specifically, the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope 1 further includes an auxiliary portion 40 disposed on the scope body 10, and the auxiliary portion 40 includes a housing, at least one auxiliary tube disposed in the housing, and at least one interface corresponding to the at least one auxiliary tube. The at least one auxiliary pipe body comprises a first auxiliary pipe body connected to the main pipe body 11, the first auxiliary pipe body is provided with a first auxiliary channel communicated with the suction and discharge channel 12, the at least one interface comprises a first interface communicated with the first auxiliary channel, and the suction equipment can be communicated with the suction and discharge channel 12 through the first interface and the first auxiliary channel. The at least one auxiliary pipe body may be integrally formed with the main pipe body 11 through a molding process, or may be coupled to the main pipe body 11 through a welding process or the like, which is not limited in this application.

In some embodiments, the mirror body 10 further includes a flow channel 13 disposed in the main tube body 11, the flow channel 13 having a flow orifice 70. The irrigation channel 13 is adapted to communicate with an irrigation device to allow perfusate to pass therethrough and be injected into the kidney, where perfusate exiting the orifice 70 may impinge upon the broken stones, rebound upon encountering the interior wall of the renal pelvis or other entity, pinch the broken stones into the outlet 60 upon reaching the vicinity of the outlet 60, and exit the body from the suction channel 12 after entering the outlet 60.

Accordingly, the at least one auxiliary tube comprises a second auxiliary tube connected to the main tube 11, the second auxiliary tube has a second auxiliary channel connected to the flushing channel 13, the at least one interface comprises a second interface connected to the second auxiliary channel, and the perfusion apparatus can be connected to the flushing channel 13 through the second interface and the second auxiliary channel.

The orifice 70 may be provided in the front end wall 110 or the peripheral wall 120 of the mirror body 10. In one specific example of the present application, the injection port 70 is disposed in the front end wall 110. In another specific example of the present application, the injection port 70 is provided to the outer peripheral wall 120 and is adjacent to the discharge port 60 in the axial direction set by the mirror body 10. When the injection port 70 is disposed on the peripheral wall 120, the injection port 70 mainly occupies the space in the axial direction of the mirror main body 10, so that the radial space of the mirror main body 10 can be saved for the arrangement of the discharge ports 60, and the design of the size, shape, number and other structural features of the injection port 70 and the discharge ports 60 is more flexible.

The shape, size, and number of orifices 70 are not limited in this application. For example, the injection port 70 may be designed as a semi-ring shape, a drop shape, a circular shape, etc., the size of the injection port 70 and the number of the injection ports 70 may be 1,2, or other values according to the practical application requirements.

In some variant embodiments of the present application, the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope 1 further comprises an introducer sheath externally provided to the scope body 10, wherein a gap exists between at least part of the peripheral wall of the introducer sheath and the scope body 10, and the introducer sheath has an opening. The gap between the introducer sheath and the mirror body 10 forms the flushing channel 13, and the opening in the introducer sheath forms the injection port 70 of the flushing channel 13.

The at least one lithotripsy device comprises a first lithotripsy device 20 with a head arranged at the discharge 60. Accordingly, the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope 1 comprises the first lithotripsy device 20, the first lithotripsy device 20 comprises a first lithotripsy stone 21, and the first lithotripsy stone 21 is arranged at the discharge port 60, as shown in fig. 2.

In one embodiment of the present application, the first stone breaking device 20 further comprises a driver 22 capable of driving the first stone 21 in rotation. The first crushed stone 21 includes a first head body 211 and at least one spiral blade 212 provided to the first head body 211, as shown in fig. 2B. The spiral blade 212 spirally extends forward along the outer side surface of the first head body 211 in a first rotation direction, and the first crushed stone 21 rotates in a second rotation direction when driven to rotate, the first rotation direction being identical to the second rotation direction.

When the first crushed stone 21 is driven to rotate, the stones at the discharge port 60 tend to move backward under the suction of the negative pressure, and an included angle exists between the rotation direction of the first crushed stone 21 and the pre-movement direction of the stones. Thus, during rotation of the first crushed stone 21, the helical blade 212 will cut the stone to smaller sized stones, making it easier to pass through the suction and discharge passage 12, in such a way as to avoid clogging of the stones during their entry into the suction and discharge passage 12, as shown in fig. 2C.

In this embodiment, the radial dimension of the first head main body 211 gradually increases from the front end thereof to the rear end thereof. Accordingly, the gap between the first head body 211 and the inner circumferential wall of the suction and exhaust passage 12 is gradually reduced, and the first head body 211 and the inner circumferential wall of the suction and exhaust passage 12 press the stone during the backward movement of the stone from the exhaust port 60, so that the stone is further crushed during the backward travel. In one embodiment, the first head body 211 is tapered in shape, and the first head body 211 has a tip end and a rear end surface opposite to the tip end. Of course, the shape of the first head body 211 may be of other types, such as trapezoid, half cone, and is not limited to the present application.

Here, the radial dimension of the first head body 211 refers to the dimension of the first head in the radial direction set by the mirror body 10. Further, the direction of the central axis of the mirror body 10 in the forward direction is the axial direction set by the mirror body 10, and the direction perpendicular to the axial direction set by the mirror body 10 is the radial direction set by the mirror body 10.

Preferably, the first head body 211 is disposed at a central region of the discharge port 60, and stones entering the suction and discharge passage 12 may be uniformly distributed around the first head body 211 to cut the stones by using the spiral blade 212 disposed at the first head body 211.

In this embodiment, the first stone crusher 20 further comprises a transmission 23 drivingly connected between the driver 22 and the first stone crusher 21, the transmission 23 being configured to transmit the driving force generated by the driver 22 to the first stone crusher 21.

It should be noted that the rotation axis of the transmission mechanism 23 and the rotation axis of the first crushed stone 21 may be coaxial or different. In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism 23 is coaxially connected to the first crushed stone 21, that is, the rotation axis of the transmission mechanism 23 is on the same line as the rotation axis of the first crushed stone 21. In other embodiments, the rotation axis of the transmission mechanism 23 is different from (i.e., not on the same straight line as) the rotation axis of the first stone 21, for example, the transmission mechanism 23 includes a first transmission rod connected to the first stone 21, a second transmission rod connected to the driver 22 and different from the first transmission rod, and a transmission connection member laterally connected between the first transmission rods, and the transmission connection member may be implemented as a connection structure of a transmission rod, a transmission gear, or the like.

The transmission mechanism 23 may be disposed in the suction and exhaust passage 12, or may be disposed in another passage communicating with the suction and exhaust passage 12, which is not limited in this application.

In a variant embodiment of the present application, the first crushed stone 21 has a first laser exit portion to strike the stone by the exiting laser light. It should be noted that, when the first crushed stone 21 emits laser light and the first crushed stone 21 is located at the discharge port 60, the laser light emitted from the first crushed stone 21 can strike not only stones clogged in the discharge port 60 but also stones closer to the discharge port 60.

It is further worth mentioning that, when the calculus is blocked in the outlet 60, the position of the calculus is relatively stable due to the clamping action of the inner peripheral wall of the outlet 60, and the position is more stable under the action of the negative pressure suction, so that the calculus can be prevented from escaping in the process of beating the calculus through the calculus breaking device, the first calculus breaking device 20 can break up the calculus blocked in the outlet 60 relatively quickly under the cooperation of the negative pressure suction, so that the calculus removing efficiency can be improved, the risk of rise of the internal pressure of the kidney can be reduced, and the operation safety can be further improved.

In this modified embodiment, preferably, the first crushed stone 21 of the first stone crusher 20 is telescopically disposed at the outlet 60 to switch between a first state in which the first crushed stone 21 protrudes from the outlet 60 (as shown in fig. 3A) to strike a distant stone, and a second state in which the first crushed stone 21 is retracted to the outlet 60 to strike a stone jammed to the outlet 60, thereby improving the stone removal efficiency. Thus, on the one hand, the first lithotripter 20 can strike stones at a distance when the outlet 60 is unblocked, and strike stones blocked in the outlet 60 when the outlet 60 is blocked, so that stone cleaning efficiency is improved by striking stones at different positions; on the other hand, the anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror 1 can strike stones at different positions on the premise of not moving the mirror main body 10, can reduce unexpected wounds of a patient, such as tissue injury, incision expansion and the like caused by movement of the mirror main body 10 between skin and other tissue organs, improves operation safety and reliability, and reduces pain of the patient in an operation process or a post-operation healing process.

In one embodiment of this variant, the first stone breaking device 20 further comprises a first stone breaking body 22 extending rearward from the first stone 21, the mirror body 10 further comprises a first working channel 14 communicating with the suction and discharge channel 12, and the first stone breaking body 22 of the first stone breaking device 20 is disposed in the first working channel 14 (as shown in fig. 3B and 3C). Specifically, the first working channel 14 comprises a first channel section and a second channel section connected to the first channel section and extending obliquely between the suction and discharge channels 12, the first working channel 14 having a first working opening 80 between the second channel section and the suction and discharge channels 12, the first lithotripter 20 being extendable from the first working opening 80 of the first working channel 14.

In a further embodiment of the variant, a first crushed stone body 22 of the first crushed stone device 20 is arranged in the first working channel 14. That is, the first crushed stone body 22 of the first crushed stone device 20 may be disposed in the first working channel 14 or in the suction and discharge channel 12, and of course, the first crushed stone body 22 may be disposed in another channel communicating with the suction and discharge channel 12, which is not limited in this application.

In other variant embodiments of the present application, the at least one lithotripter further comprises a second lithotripter 30 arranged to the mirror body 10, as exemplified below by at least one variant embodiment.

In another variant embodiment of the present application, the at least one lithotripsy device comprises a first lithotripsy device 20, the first lithotripsy device 20 comprising a first lithotripsy stone 21, the first lithotripsy stone 21 being arranged at the discharge opening 60. The first crushed stone 21 includes a first head body 211 and at least one spiral blade 212 provided to the first head body 211, the spiral blade 212 spirally extends forward along an outer side surface of the first head body 211 in a first rotation direction, and the first crushed stone 21 rotates in a second rotation direction when driven to rotate, and the first rotation direction coincides with the second rotation direction. The first stone crusher 20 further comprises a driver 22 capable of driving the first stone 21 to rotate and a transmission mechanism 23 arranged on the driver 22 and the first stone 21.

As shown in fig. 4, the at least one lithotripsy device further comprises a second lithotripsy device 30 telescopically arranged to the mirror body 10, the second lithotripsy device 30 being operable to strike stones embedded in the kidney or stones dissociated in the kidney. The mirror body 10 further comprises a first working channel 14 arranged to the main tube body 11, the first working channel 14 having a first working opening 80, the second lithotripsy device 30 being arranged to the first working opening 80 and adapted to extend out of the first working channel 14 from the first working opening 80 or retract into the first channel. In one embodiment of this variant, the second lithotripsy device 30 has a second laser exit to hit the stone by the exiting laser light. In other embodiments of this modified embodiment, the second lithotripter 30 may also be configured to strike stones by delivering other energy, which is not limited in this application.

In a further variant embodiment of the present application, the at least one stone breaking device comprises a first stone breaking device 20, the first stone breaking device 20 comprising a first stone breaking 21, the first stone breaking 21 being arranged at the discharge opening 60. The first crushed stone 21 has a first laser emitting portion to strike the stone by emitted laser light. Preferably, the first crushed stone 21 of the first stone crusher 20 is telescopically disposed at the discharge port 60 to be switched between a first state in which the first crushed stone 21 is protruded from the discharge port 60 to strike a distant stone and a second state in which the first crushed stone 21 is retracted to the discharge port 60 to strike a stone jammed in the discharge port 60, thereby improving the stone discharging efficiency.

In a specific implementation of this variant embodiment, the first stone breaking device 20 further comprises a first stone breaking body 22 extending rearward from the first stone breaking body 21, the mirror body 10 further comprises a first working channel 14 communicating with the suction and discharge channel 12, and the first stone breaking body 22 of the first stone breaking device 20 is arranged in the first working channel 14. Specifically, the first working channel 14 comprises a first channel section and a second channel section connected to the first channel section and extending obliquely between the suction and discharge channels 12, the first working channel 14 having a first working opening 80 between the second channel section and the suction and discharge channels 12, the first lithotripter 20 being accessible from the first working opening 80 of the first working channel 14.

Accordingly, the at least one auxiliary tubular body comprises a third auxiliary tubular body connected to the main tubular body 11, the third auxiliary tubular body having a third auxiliary channel in communication with the first working channel 14, the at least one port comprising a third port in communication with the third auxiliary channel, the first lithotripter 20 being accessible to the first working channel 14 via the third port.

In this variant embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the at least one lithotripsy device further comprises a second lithotripsy device 30 telescopically arranged to the mirror body 10, the second lithotripsy device 30 being usable for striking stones embedded in the kidney or stones dissociated in the kidney. The mirror body 10 further comprises a second working channel 15 arranged to the main tube body 11, the second working channel 15 having a second working opening 90, the second lithotripsy device 30 being arranged to the second working opening 90 and adapted to extend the second working channel 15 from the second opening or retract into the first channel.

Accordingly, the at least one auxiliary pipe body comprises a fourth auxiliary pipe body connected to the main pipe body 11, the fourth auxiliary pipe body is provided with a fourth auxiliary channel communicated with the second working channel 15, the at least one interface comprises a fourth interface communicated with the fourth auxiliary channel, and the second lithotripter 30 can enter the second working channel 15 through the fourth interface.

In one embodiment of this variant, the second lithotripsy device 30 has a second laser exit to hit the stone by the exiting laser light. In other embodiments of this variant, the second lithotripsy device 30 may also strike the stone by emitting other energy, which is not limited in this application.

It should be noted that the first stone crusher 20 and the second stone crusher 30 may cooperate with each other to perform multiple striking on the stone, so that the stone is crushed more rapidly, and the stone cleaning efficiency is improved. For example, when stones are jammed at the discharge port 60, the first stone crusher 20 may be retracted to the discharge port 60 to strike stones jammed at the discharge port 60, and the second stone crusher 30 may further strike stones ejected from the suction port even if stones are ejected under the impact of the first stone crusher 20. For another example, when stones with larger sizes are released in the kidney, the first stone crusher 20 may extend out of the outlet 60 to perform a first impact on stones released in the kidney, and when stones are flicked under the impact of the first stone crusher 20, the second stone crusher 30 may perform a second impact on the flicked stones, or even, the stones may be repeatedly hit more times under the cooperation of the first stone crusher 20 and the second stone crusher 30. The first lithotripter 20 and the second lithotripter 30 may also strike the same stone block at the same time to break up the stone relatively quickly.

When the first stone crusher 20 and the second stone crusher 30 strike stones by emitting laser light, it is preferable that the laser emitting direction of the first stone crusher 20 forms an angle with the laser emitting direction of the second stone crusher 30. In this way, stones are more easily crushed when they are hit by the first stone crusher 20 and are sprung apart in a first laser light emission direction and instantaneously receive a force from the second stone crusher 30 in a direction having an angle with the first laser light emission direction.

It should be noted that, in the operation process of using the anti-blocking percutaneous operation scope 1 to remove the stone to treat the kidney stones, the extending length of the endoscope should be suitable, and when the depth of the endoscope entering the kidney is deeper, the endoscope may be erroneously inserted into the renal vein or even the vena cava, thereby causing great bleeding. Accordingly, the endoscope body further includes an image acquisition device 50 provided to the endoscope body 10, and preferably, the front end of the anti-blocking percutaneous operation endoscope 1 is located within the field of view of the image acquisition device 50, so that the front end of the anti-blocking type nephroscope is visible. Thus, the position reached by the anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror 1 can be monitored in real time, and the reliability and safety of the operation are improved.

In particular, the image acquisition device 50 is adapted to be communicatively coupled to an image output device (e.g., an image display) for facilitating medical personnel viewing the anti-blocking percutaneous operating scope 1 and kidney through the image output device. The image acquisition device 50 comprises at least one electronic camera, preferably the field of view of the camera is capable of covering a large area of the front end wall 110 of the anti-blocking percutaneous operating mirror 1.

Further, the discharge port 60 is within the field of view of the image pickup device 50, so that the state of the discharge port 60 can be observed in real time to improve the calculus removal efficiency and the surgical safety. For example, when it is observed that the discharge port 60 is blocked, stones blocked to the discharge port 60 may be removed in time, or the injection of the perfusate and the aspiration of the fluid and the broken stones may be stopped in time to maintain the balance of the intra-renal pressure.

In order for the discharge port 60 to be within the field of view of the image capturing apparatus 50, the discharge port 60 may be located in front of the image capturing apparatus 50, where the position of the discharge port 60 in front of the image capturing apparatus 50 means that the rear end point of the discharge port 60 is located in front of the front end point of the light receiving surface of the image capturing apparatus 50 that receives light reflected by an object. And, alternatively, the discharge port 60 and the image pickup device 50 are brought close to each other from the back to the front so that the discharge port 60 is within the field of view of the image pickup device 50, and accordingly, the image pickup device 50 and/or the discharge port 60 may be disposed obliquely with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction set by the mirror main body 10.

In one specific example of the present application, the front end wall 110 extends obliquely forward in a preset extending direction from a first side thereof adjacent to the image capturing apparatus 50 to a second side opposite to the first side. The image pickup device 50 is located behind the discharge port 60 and is disposed obliquely to the front end wall 110 toward the discharge port 60 with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction set by the mirror main body 10 so that at least a part of the discharge port 60 is within the field of view of the image pickup device 50.

It should be understood that the greater the degree of inclination of the discharge port 60 with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction set by the mirror body 10, the closer to the central axis of the mirror body 10, the steeper the discharge port 60 stands, and the closer to the image pickup device 50 in the radial direction set by the mirror body 10, the greater the possibility that the image pickup device 50 can pick up the discharge port 60.

In this particular example, the front end wall 110 includes a steep region extending obliquely forward from a first side thereof adjacent to the image capturing apparatus 50 and a gentle region extending forward from the steep region, at least a portion of the discharge port 60 is located in the steep region, and the discharge port 60 may include a steep section corresponding to the steep region and a gentle section corresponding to the gentle region. Preferably, the discharge opening 60 is located entirely in the steep region so that the image pickup apparatus 50 can photograph the entire discharge opening 60 and the vicinity thereof as much as possible. In one embodiment of this specific example, the angle between the preset extension direction and the axial direction set by the mirror body 10 is smaller than one half of the angle of view of the camera of the image capturing apparatus 50.

Further, in this specific example, the angle between the preset extending direction and the axial direction set by the mirror body 10 decreases and increases from the first side to the second side of the front end wall 110. Accordingly, an angle between a preset extending direction of the steep region and an axial direction set by the mirror main body 10 is gradually reduced from the first side of the front end wall 110 to the gentle region, is more steep, and is recessed inward so as not to block light reflected toward the image capturing device 50 due to the protrusion of a partial region of the front end wall 110.

It is worth mentioning that in this specific example, the front end wall 110 extends obliquely from a first side adjacent to the image capturing apparatus 50 to a second side opposite to the first side thereof as a whole, and the inclination of the second side peripheral portion adjacent to the second side (i.e., the angle between the front end wall 110 and a plane perpendicular to the axial direction set by the mirror main body 10) is low so as not to damage the organ tissue of the patient by the second side peripheral portion located in front of the first side peripheral portion of the front end wall 110 being too sharp, which can improve the safety of the operation.

The following describes the operation of the anti-blocking percutaneous operation scope 1 for treating kidney stones S by percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Step 1: the anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror 1 is placed in the kidney collecting system. Specifically, first, a lithotomy path is established between the patient's skin and the renal collection system. An incision (about 0.5 mm) can be made in the skin at a predetermined location on the patient and the kidney k is pierced by the needle 2 under the guidance of an X-ray or B-ray machine to create the lithotomy path. It should be noted that, the depth of penetration is critical for surgery, and when the depth of penetration is shallow, the penetration needle 2 may only enter the kidney parenchyma, but not reach the kidney collecting system, so that the purpose of treating kidney stones S is not achieved, and renal hemorrhage may be caused; when the depth of penetration is deep, the needle 2 may be erroneously inserted into a renal vein or even a vena cava, possibly resulting in massive bleeding.

Next, a guidewire 3 is placed into the kidney collection system. Specifically, the puncture needle 2 includes a needle sheath and a needle core movably disposed in the needle sheath, and after the puncture needle 2 punctures the kidney k and enters the kidney collecting system, the needle core may be withdrawn and the guide wire 3 may be inserted into the needle sheath so that the guide wire 3 is inserted into the kidney collecting system along the needle sheath.

Then, the anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror 1 is placed to the target position of the kidney k. Specifically, the anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror 1 is inserted into the kidney collecting system along the guide wire 3, and the guide wire 3 can be withdrawn after the anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror 1 enters the target position of the kidney k.

In some embodiments of the present application, the front end portion of the scope body 10 of the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope 1 has a tapered structure, and an image acquisition device 20 adapted to be communicably connected with an image output device is provided on the scope body 10 to acquire images of the scope body 10 and tissues around the scope body 10, so that medical staff can observe the situations of the scope body 10 and the kidney k through the image output device. Accordingly, the endoscope body 10 of the anti-blocking percutaneous operation endoscope 1 can be inserted to the target position of the kidney k along the guide wire 3 without sheath guidance, which is advantageous in simplifying the operation process and shortening the operation time. In particular, the guidewire 3 may be passed through the suction and exhaust channel 12 or the irrigation channel 12 of the endoscope body 10, or through the first working channel 14, such that the endoscope body 10 may be advanced along the guidewire 3 into the target location of the kidney k.

Step 2: breaking up the stones. In particular, stones may be crushed by at least one lithotripter provided to the mirror body 10. In one embodiment of the present application, the at least one lithotripsy device comprises a first lithotripsy device 20, the first lithotripsy device 20 having a laser emitting portion for emitting laser light to strike stones embedded in the renal pelvis or stones dissociated in the renal pelvis, or stones blocked at the discharge port 60 of the anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror 1.

In another embodiment of the present application, the first stone crusher 20 comprises a first stone 21 and a driver 22 for driving the first stone 21 in rotation. The first crushed stone 21 is provided with at least one spiral blade 212, and the first crushed stone 21 is positioned at the discharge port 60, and when the first crushed stone 21 rotates, the spiral blade 212 will cut stones positioned at the discharge port 60, so that stones are more easily introduced into the suction and discharge passage 12 from the discharge port 60. Further, the first head body 211 of the first crushed stone 21 is gradually increased in radial dimension from the front end thereof to the rear end thereof, and the first crushed stone 21 and the inner peripheral wall of the suction and discharge passage 12 are pressed against the crushed stone during the rearward movement of the stone to press the stone into a smaller-sized stone.

In yet another embodiment of the present application, the at least one lithotripsy device comprises a first lithotripsy device 20 and a second lithotripsy device 30. The first stone crusher 20 comprises a rotatable first stone crusher 21, which first stone crusher 21 is arranged at the outlet 60 for striking stones located at the outlet 60. The second lithotripter 30 has a laser emitting part for emitting laser light to strike stones embedded in the renal pelvis or stones released from the renal pelvis, or stones blocked at the outlet 60 of the anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror 1.

In yet another embodiment of the present application, the at least one lithotripsy device comprises a first lithotripsy device 20 and a second lithotripsy device 30 disposed on the first mirror body 10. The first crushed stone 21 of the first crushing device 20 is provided at the discharge port 60, and the first crushing device 20 has a first laser emitting portion to strike a stone by emitted laser light. The second lithotripter 30 is telescopically provided to the mirror body 10, and the second lithotripter 30 has a second laser emitting portion to strike a stone by emitted laser light.

The second lithotripter 30 may also be used to strike stones by emitting other energy, which is not limited in this application.

It should be noted that the first stone crusher 20 and the second stone crusher 30 may cooperate with each other to perform multiple striking on the stone, so that the stone is crushed more rapidly, and the stone cleaning efficiency is improved. For example, when stones are jammed at the discharge port 60, the first stone crusher 20 may be retracted to the discharge port 60 to strike stones jammed at the discharge port 60, and the second stone crusher 30 may further strike stones ejected from the suction port even if stones are ejected under the impact of the first stone crusher 20. For another example, when stones with larger sizes are released in the kidney, the first stone crusher 20 may extend out of the outlet 60 to perform a first impact on stones released in the kidney, and when stones are flicked under the impact of the first stone crusher 20, the second stone crusher 30 may perform a second impact on the flicked stones, or even, the stones may be repeatedly hit more times under the cooperation of the first stone crusher 20 and the second stone crusher 30. The first lithotripter 20 and the second lithotripter 30 may also strike the same stone block at the same time to break up the stone relatively quickly.

When the first stone crusher 20 and the second stone crusher 30 strike stones by emitting laser light, it is preferable that the laser emitting direction of the first stone crusher 20 forms an angle with the laser emitting direction of the second stone crusher 30. In this way, stones are more easily crushed when they are hit by the first stone crusher 20 and are sprung apart in a first laser light emission direction and instantaneously receive a force from the second stone crusher 30 in a direction having an angle with the first laser light emission direction.

Step 3: the broken stones S are discharged out of the body through the suction and discharge channel 12 of the anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror 1. Specifically, during the breaking up of kidney stones S by the lithotripsy device, kidney k may be perfused, which may exit the perfusion port 70 in communication with the fluid channel to impinge on the broken up stones S. The perfusate is bounced upon encountering the inner wall of the renal pelvis or other solid body, and upon reaching the vicinity of the discharge port 60, is entrained with the crushed stones S, enters the discharge port 60, and is discharged from the body after entering the suction and discharge channel 12 with the discharge port 60. In the process of crushing the kidney stones S by the stone crushing device, the suction device communicated with the suction and discharge channel 12 can also perform suction, so that the channel cavity of the suction and discharge channel 12 is in a negative pressure state, and the crushed stones S entering the suction and discharge channel 12 are discharged out of the body.

In summary, the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope 1 according to the embodiment of the present application is illustrated, wherein the anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope 1 may further strike the stones located at the outlet 60 of the suction channel 12, so as to keep the outlet 60 unobstructed, so that the broken stones can be more rapidly discharged out of the body through the suction channel 12.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention described above and shown in the drawings are by way of example only and are not limiting. The objects of the present invention have been fully and effectively achieved. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the examples and embodiments of the invention may be modified or practiced without departing from the principles described.

Claims (16)

1. Anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror, its characterized in that includes:

a mirror body having a front end wall, comprising a main tube body and a suction and discharge passage provided to the main tube body, the suction and discharge passage having a discharge port formed in the front end wall of the mirror body; the method comprises the steps of,

the first stone breaking device is arranged on the mirror main body and comprises a first stone breaking device, and the first stone breaking device is arranged at the discharge port.

2. The anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope of claim 1, wherein the first crushed stone comprises a first head body and at least one helical blade disposed on the first head body, the helical blade extending helically forward along an outer side of the first head body in a first rotational direction, the first crushed stone rotating in a second rotational direction when driven to rotate, the first rotational direction being coincident with the second rotational direction.

3. The anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope of claim 2, wherein the first head body increases in radial dimension from its anterior end to its posterior end.

4. The anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope of claim 2, wherein the first head body is disposed in a middle region of the vent.

5. The anti-occlusion percutaneous surgical scope of claim 2, wherein the lithotripsy device further comprises a driver and a transmission mechanism drivingly connected between the driver and the first lithotripsy stone, wherein the transmission mechanism is coaxially connected to the first lithotripsy stone.

6. The anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope according to claim 1, wherein the first crushed stone has a first laser emitting portion to strike the stone by emitted laser light.

7. The anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope of claim 6, wherein the first crushed stone of the first lithotripter is telescopically disposed at the discharge port to switch between a first state in which the first crushed stone extends from the discharge port to strike a remote stone and a second state in which the first crushed stone is retracted to the discharge port to strike a stone that is blocked at the discharge port.

8. The percutaneous nephroscope according to claim 7, wherein the first lithotripsy device further comprises a first lithotripsy body extending rearward from the first lithotripsy stone, the scope body further comprising a first working channel in communication with the suction and discharge channel, the first lithotripsy body of the first lithotripsy device being disposed in the first working channel.

9. The anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope of claim 1, further comprising a second lithotripsy device telescopically disposed on the scope body.

10. The anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope of claim 1, wherein the scope body further comprises a flow channel disposed in the main tubular body.

11. The anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope of claim 1, further comprising an image capture device disposed on the scope body, the image capture device comprising at least one electronic camera, the vent being within a field of view of the image capture device.

12. Anti-blocking percutaneous operation mirror, its characterized in that includes:

a mirror body having a front end wall, comprising a main tube body and a suction and discharge passage provided to the main tube body, the suction and discharge passage having a discharge port formed in the front end wall of the mirror body; the method comprises the steps of,

the first stone breaking device is arranged on the mirror main body and comprises a first stone breaking device, the first stone breaking device is arranged at the discharge opening in a telescopic mode to switch between a first state and a second state, when the first stone breaking device is in the first state, the first stone breaking device extends out of the discharge opening to strike distant stones, and when the second stone breaking device is in the second state, the first stone breaking device is retracted to the discharge opening to strike stones blocked at the discharge opening.

13. The anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope of claim 12, further comprising a second lithotripsy device telescopically disposed on the scope body.

14. The anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope of claim 12, wherein the scope body further comprises a flow channel disposed in the main tubular body.

15. The anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope of claim 12, further comprising an image capture device disposed on the scope body, the image capture device comprising at least one electronic camera, the vent being within a field of view of the image capture device.

16. The anti-blocking percutaneous surgical scope of claim 12, wherein the first lithotripsy device further comprises a first lithotripsy body extending rearward from the first lithotripsy stone, the scope body further comprising a first working channel in communication with the suction and discharge channel, the first lithotripsy body of the first lithotripsy device disposed in the first working channel.

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