CN115995565A - Method and apparatus for checking accuracy of flow sensor of fuel cell cathode system - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for checking accuracy of flow sensor of fuel cell cathode system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Methods and apparatus for checking the accuracy of a flow sensor of a fuel cell cathode system are provided. Wherein, a method includes: according to a first state parameter reflecting the working state of the electric pile, determining the air inlet end flow of the air compressor in the cathode system by searching a first set of calibration data; determining the pressure of the air inlet end of the air compressor based on the flow rate of the air inlet end; determining the flow rate of the air outlet end of the air compressor by searching a second set of calibration data according to a second state parameter reflecting the working state of the electric pile; determining the pressure of the air outlet end of the air compressor based on the flow rate of the air outlet end; according to the rotating speed of the air compressor and the compression ratio of the air compressor calculated by utilizing the pressure of the air inlet end and the pressure of the air outlet end, determining the air flow at the flow sensor by searching a third set of calibration data; and determining whether an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor based on a comparison of the determined air flow and the air flow detected by the flow sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates generally to fuel cell technology, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for checking the accuracy of a flow sensor in a cathode system of a fuel cell system.
Background
A fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electric energy in an electrochemical reaction. The reaction process of the fuel cell does not involve combustion, so that the energy conversion efficiency is very high and can reach about 70%, which is far higher than that of a common internal combustion engine, and the efficiency of the latter is generally 30% -40%. Meanwhile, the product in the chemical reaction process of hydrogen and oxygen is water, so that substances harmful to the environment are not generated. As a kind of energy device which is both efficient and clean, a fuel cell has become one of the most promising energy sources, and has been increasingly used in the fields of automobile industry, energy power generation, and the like.
Typically, fuel cell systems include a fuel cell stack (simply referred to as a "stack"), an anode system (responsible for supplying hydrogen), a cathode system (responsible for supplying air), a cooling system, a Fuel Cell Control Unit (FCCU), and the like. The FCCU is used for realizing on-line detection, real-time control, fault diagnosis and the like of the fuel cell system so as to ensure that the whole system works stably and reliably. The cathode system of the fuel cell is used for providing clean air with proper flow, temperature and pressure for the electric pile, and the conventional cathode system mainly comprises core components such as an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler and the like. If the stack is said to be the "heart" of the fuel cell system and the FCCU is the "brain" of the fuel cell system, the cathode system, and in particular the critical component air compressor therein, can be said to be the "lung" of the fuel cell system by which the air to be admitted to the stack is pressurized, thereby enabling an increase in the power density and efficiency of the fuel cell system and a reduction in the size of the fuel cell system.
In the fuel cell cathode system, a flow sensor is also provided before the air compressor. The air flow data detected by the flow sensor is provided to the FCCU, which can control the operation of the air compressor accordingly. More specifically, the rotational speed of the air compressor needs to be adjusted according to the intake air flow rate, and if the two are not matched, for example, if the rotational speed is too high and the actual flow rate is too low, a surge phenomenon may occur, which may seriously affect the life of the air compressor and affect the normal operation of the electric pile.
Disclosure of Invention
In the summary, some selected concepts are presented in a simplified form as further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify any critical or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for checking accuracy of a flow sensor in a cathode system of a fuel cell system, the method comprising: determining the air inlet end flow of an air compressor in a cathode system of the fuel cell system by searching a first set of calibration data according to a first state parameter reflecting the working state of a galvanic pile in the fuel cell system, wherein the first set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the first state parameter and the air inlet end flow which are determined in advance through a calibration process; determining an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow of the air compressor; determining the air outlet end flow of the air compressor by searching a second set of calibration data according to a second state parameter reflecting the working state of the electric pile, wherein the second set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the second state parameter and the air outlet end flow, which are determined in advance through a calibration process; determining an outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on the outlet end flow of the air compressor; determining the air flow rate at the flow sensor by searching a third set of calibration data according to the rotating speed of the air compressor and the compression ratio of the air compressor calculated by using the pressure at the air inlet end and the pressure at the air outlet end, wherein the third set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the rotating speed and the compression ratio of the air compressor, which are determined in advance through a calibration process, and the air flow rate at the flow sensor; and determining whether an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor based on a comparison of the determined air flow rate at the flow sensor and the air flow rate detected by the flow sensor.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an apparatus for checking accuracy of a flow sensor in a cathode system of a fuel cell system, the apparatus comprising: a module for determining an intake end flow rate of an air compressor in a cathode system of the fuel cell system by searching a first set of calibration data according to a first state parameter reflecting an operating state of a cell stack in the fuel cell system, wherein the first set of calibration data indicates a correspondence between the first state parameter and the intake end flow rate determined in advance through a calibration process; means for determining an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow rate of the air compressor; the module is used for determining the air outlet end flow of the air compressor by searching a second set of calibration data according to a second state parameter reflecting the working state of the electric pile, wherein the second set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the second state parameter and the air outlet end flow, which are determined in advance through a calibration process; means for determining an outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on an outlet end flow rate of the air compressor; a module for determining an air flow rate at the flow sensor by searching a third set of calibration data according to a rotation speed of the air compressor and a compression ratio of the air compressor calculated by using the inlet end pressure and the outlet end pressure, wherein the third set of calibration data indicates a correspondence between the rotation speed and the compression ratio of the air compressor and the air flow rate at the flow sensor, which are determined in advance through a calibration process; and means for determining whether an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor based on a comparison of the determined air flow rate at the flow sensor and the air flow rate detected by the flow sensor.
According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computing device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory coupled to the at least one processor and configured to store instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the methods described in the present disclosure.
According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method described in the present disclosure.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method described in the present disclosure.
Drawings
Implementations of the present disclosure are illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which like reference numerals refer to identical or similar elements and in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary structure of a fuel cell cathode system according to some implementations of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow chart of an exemplary method according to some implementations of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 illustrates exemplary processing logic according to some implementations of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 illustrates exemplary processing logic according to some implementations of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary apparatus according to some implementations of the disclosure;
fig. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary computing device, in accordance with some implementations of the disclosure.
List of reference numerals
110: air filter 120: flow sensor 130: air compressor
140: intercooler 150: flow pressure sensor 160: cathode of electric pile
210: determining the flow rate of the air inlet end of the air compressor according to a first state parameter reflecting the working state of the electric pile
220: determining an inlet end pressure of an air compressor based on an inlet end flow
230: determining the air outlet end flow of the air compressor according to a second state parameter reflecting the working state of the electric pile
240: determining an outlet end pressure of an air compressor based on an outlet end flow
250: determining air flow at a flow sensor based on rotational speed of an air compressor and compression ratio calculated using inlet and outlet pressures
260: determining whether an abnormality exists in accuracy of the flow sensor based on comparison of the determined air flow and the air flow detected by the flow sensor
510-560: module 610: processor 620: memory device
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that implementations of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known circuits, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure the understanding of this description.
References throughout this specification to "one implementation," "an implementation," "example implementations," "some implementations," "various implementations," etc., indicate that the implementations of the disclosure described may include particular features, structures, or characteristics, but every implementation may not necessarily include the particular features, structures, or characteristics. Furthermore, some implementations may have some, all, or none of the features described for other implementations.
Various operations may be described as multiple discrete acts or operations in turn, in a manner that is most helpful in understanding the claimed subject matter. However, the order of description should not be construed as to imply that these operations are necessarily order dependent. In particular, the operations may be performed out of the order presented. In other implementations, various additional operations may also be performed, and/or various operations already described may be omitted.
In the description and claims, the phrase "a and/or B" as may occur is used to denote one of the following: (A), (B), (A and B). Similarly, the phrase "A, B and/or C" as may occur is used to denote one of the following: (A), (B), (C), (A and B), (A and C), (B and C), (A and B and C).
In the description and claims, the terms "coupled" and "connected," along with their derivatives, may be used. It should be understood that these terms are not intended as synonyms for each other. In contrast, in particular implementations, "connected" is used to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other, and "coupled" is used to indicate that two or more elements cooperate or interact with each other, although they may or may not be in direct physical or electrical contact.
In the cathode system of the fuel cell system, the air flow rate detected by the flow sensor provided before the air compressor plays a critical role in the normal and stable operation of the air compressor. The detected flow signal is provided to a Fuel Cell Control Unit (FCCU) which controls the operation of the air compressor in response thereto, including adjusting the speed of the air compressor, which would directly affect the inlet pressure at the stack cathode.
In this case, how to ensure the accuracy of the detection result of the flow sensor becomes a serious consideration because an abnormal reaction of the air compressor and the electric pile is induced upon the failure of the flow sensor. However, existing fuel cell systems lack an adequate mechanism to be able to check the accuracy of the flow sensor in the cathode system while the fuel cell system is operating.
Referring first now to fig. 1, an exemplary architecture of a fuel cell cathode system according to some implementations of the present disclosure is shown.
In the exemplary cathode system 100 shown in fig. 1, in a pipe connected to the stack cathode 160, an air filter 110, a flow sensor 120, an air compressor 130, an intercooler 140, and the like are sequentially arranged. Air enters the cathode system from the outside, and first passes through the air filter 110 to remove impurities from the air so that it becomes clean. The air filter 110 may be disposed at an air inlet of the entire cathode system, for example (the position of the air inlet is denoted as a01 herein for convenience of the following description), however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
The air then flows through a flow sensor 120 that detects the air flow at this location and provides a flow reading to the FCCU (not shown). The location of the flow sensor 120 in the pipeline is labeled a02. Although a flow sensor 120 is shown herein, it is understood that in some implementations, the sensor may be configured to provide readings other than flow. For example, the sensor 120 may be a sensor that integrates flow, pressure, temperature sensing functions, and accordingly, the flow, pressure, temperature readings it senses are provided to the FCCU so that the latter can provide more sophisticated control of the overall fuel cell system, including the cathode system.
After passing through the flow sensor 120, the air enters the air compressor 130 where it is compressed and ensures that the compressed air is in a proper range. As previously described, the air compressor 130 is operated under the control of the FCCU, and the basis for the FCCU to implement the control includes readings from the sensor 120 including flow. The location of the air compressor 130 in the pipeline is designated as a03.
The air compressed by the air compressor 130 may become hot and may exceed the applicable temperature of the stack, and thus may also need to be cooled by the intercooler 140. Furthermore, in some implementations, the cathode system may also include a humidifier (not shown), which may be disposed, for example, at a location after the intercooler 140, for increasing the humidity of the air to meet the stack-to-air humidity requirement. In some alternative implementations, a humidifier may also be integrated into the interior of the intercooler 140. Other implementations are also possible.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, there is also a branching point in the piping between the air compressor 130 and the stack cathode 150, the position of which is denoted as a04. From this branching point, a branching line is led out in which a flow pressure sensor 150 is arranged. The location of the flow pressure sensor 150 in the pipeline is labeled a05. The cooled air reaches the branching point, a portion continues to flow to the stack cathode 160, and the remaining portion is split into the branching line and then flows into the tailpipe for discharge. The branching lines act here as partial pressures in order to be able to control the pressure fed into the stack. It will be appreciated that a control valve may be provided in the branch line, and the proportion of the split flow may be determined by controlling the opening of the valve. The control valve may be provided at a position after the flow pressure sensor 150 in the branch line or integrated with the flow pressure sensor 150, however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
Further, it should be noted that the cathode system 100 shown in FIG. 1 is merely exemplary and not limiting. For example, in some implementations, it may not be necessary to provide an air filter 110 and/or intercooler 140 in the cathode system. Other alternative configurations are also possible.
Turning now to fig. 2, a flow chart of an exemplary method 200 according to some implementations of the present disclosure is shown. The exemplary method 200 is used to check the accuracy of a flow sensor in a cathode system of a fuel cell system, thereby overcoming the disadvantages present in prior art approaches. According to some implementations of the present disclosure, the method 200 may be implemented in an FCCU or similar entity of a fuel cell system.
The method 200 begins at step 210 in which an intake end flow of an air compressor in a cathode system of a fuel cell system is determined by looking up a first set of calibration data, wherein the first set of calibration data indicates a correspondence between the first state parameter and the intake end flow, which is determined in advance by a calibration process, according to a first state parameter reflecting an operating state of a stack in the fuel cell system.
The FCCU is used for real-time control of the entire fuel cell system including the stack, so that it can accurately grasp the operating state of the stack. The first state parameter capable of reflecting the operating state of the galvanic pile may be directly generated or held by the FCCU, or may be obtained from the galvanic pile. According to some implementations of the present disclosure, the first state parameter may include a current of the stack (denoted as "i") and an air excess factor (denoted as "λ").
According to some implementations of the present disclosure, during a pre-calibration process, a calibration person may place a flow sensor at the inlet end of an air compressor (e.g., air compressor 130 of FIG. 1). By operating the fuel cell system, the calibration personnel can obtainKnowing the real-time current and excess air ratio of the stack while reading the air flow at that location from the flow sensor provided, the current i and excess air ratio lambda of the stack and the intake end flow of the air compressor (denoted as "Q" can be established IN_A03 ") is used. Such correspondence is stored as a first set of calibration data for subsequent use. The first set of calibration data may be stored in a table or any other suitable format in a memory in or associated with the FCCU, e.g., it may be structured as a MAP (MAP chart). Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the calibration data determined by the calibration process may be applied to a plurality of fuel cell systems having the same configuration and structure.
In some alternative implementations, the first state parameter may include other state parameters that reflect an operating state of the stack in addition to a current and/or an excess air factor of the stack.
The method 200 proceeds to step 220 where the air compressor inlet end pressure is determined based on the air compressor inlet end flow.
According to some implementations of the present disclosure, the operations of step 220 may include: and determining the air inlet end pressure of the air compressor by searching a fourth set of calibration data according to the air inlet end flow of the air compressor and the air inlet pressure of the cathode system.
More specifically, the intake end flow Q of the air compressor 130 has been determined in step 210 as previously described IN_A03 While the air pressure at the air inlet (A01) of the cathode system (denoted as "P A01 ") which is typically the ambient atmospheric pressure, is also known. Based on the above information, the FCCU can find the Q current from the fourth set of calibration data indicating the correspondence between the intake end flow rate of the air compressor and the intake end pressure of the cathode system, which are determined in advance through the calibration process, and the intake end pressure of the air compressor IN_A03 And P A01 Matching air compressor inlet end pressure (denoted as "P IN_A03 "). The calibration process is not described in detail herein.
In step 230 of the method 200, according to a second state parameter reflecting the working state of the electric pile, the air outlet end flow of the air compressor is determined by searching a second set of calibration data, wherein the second set of calibration data indicates a corresponding relationship between the second state parameter and the air outlet end flow, which are determined in advance through a calibration process.
According to some implementations of the disclosure, the second state parameter may include a current i of the stack and an excess air ratio λ. That is, the second state parameter may be the same as the first state parameter described above. However, in some alternative implementations, the second state parameter may include other state parameters that reflect the operating state of the stack in addition to the current and/or excess air factor of the stack.
Continuing with the previous example, in step 230, an air compressor outlet flow rate matching the current i of the stack and the excess air coefficient λ may be found from a second set of calibration data indicative of the correspondence between the second state parameter and the outlet flow rate determined in advance by the calibration process in a similar manner to the previous step 210 (denoted as "Q" OUT_A03 ”)。
The method 200 then proceeds to step 240 where the outlet end pressure of the air compressor is determined based on the outlet end flow rate of the air compressor.
According to some implementations of the present disclosure, the operations of step 240 may include: and determining the pressure of the air outlet end of the air compressor by searching a fifth set of calibration data according to the flow of the air outlet end of the air compressor and the pressure at a pipeline branch point between the air compressor and the cathode of the electric pile.
More specifically, the outlet end flow rate Q of the air compressor 130 has been determined in step 230 as previously described OUT_A03 While the air pressure at the branching point (A04) of the pipeline (denoted as "P A04 ") is also determinable (see below for details). Based on the above information, the FCCU can determine the air compressor outlet end flow and the air compressor outlet end flow from the indication through the calibration process in advanceFinding the current Q from a fifth set of calibration data of the corresponding relation between the pressure at the branching point and the pressure at the air outlet end of the air compressor OUT_A03 And P A04 The pressure of the outlet end of the matched air compressor (denoted as P OUT_A03 "). The calibration process is not described in detail herein.
Regarding the pressure P at the branching point A04 In some implementations according to the present disclosure, the determination may be made by: and determining the pressure at the branching point by searching a sixth set of calibration data according to the flow and the pressure at the flow pressure sensor detected by the flow pressure sensor in the branching pipeline led out from the branching point.
Specifically, the FCCU can determine the pressure at position A05 (denoted as "P" based on the pressure detected by the flow pressure sensor 150 A05 ") and flow (noted as" Q A05 ") find the current P from a sixth set of calibration data indicating the correspondence between the flow and pressure at the flow pressure sensor and the pressure at the branching point, which were previously determined by the calibration process A05 And Q A05 Matched pressure P at branching point A04 。
The exemplary method 200 proceeds to step 250 in which an air flow rate at the flow sensor is determined from the rotational speed of the air compressor and the compression ratio of the air compressor calculated using the inlet end pressure and the outlet end pressure by looking up a third set of calibration data, wherein the third set of calibration data indicates a correspondence between the rotational speed and compression ratio of the air compressor and the air flow rate at the flow sensor, which were previously determined by a calibration process.
More specifically, the intake end pressure P of the air compressor 130 has been determined in steps 220 and 240, respectively IN_A03 And outlet end pressure P OUT_A03 In the case of (2), the compression ratio of the air compressor 130, i.e., R compress_ratio ＝P OUT_A03 /P IN_A03 . Meanwhile, the rotational speed of the air compressor 130 (denoted as "n EAC ") as a status parameter of the air compressor, also FCCUKnown as such. Based on the above information, the FCCU may find the current rotation speed n from a third set of calibration data indicating the correspondence between the rotation speed and compression ratio of the air compressor and the air flow rate at the flow sensor, which are determined in advance by the calibration process EAC And compression ratio R compress_ratio Air flow at the matched flow sensor 120 (denoted as "Q A02 "). The calibration process is not described in detail herein.
Then, in step 260, it is determined whether there is an abnormality in the accuracy of the flow sensor based on a comparison of the determined air flow rate at the flow sensor and the air flow rate detected by the flow sensor.
In combination with the foregoing example, in one aspect, the FCCU can determine the air flow Q at the flow sensor 120 by the foregoing steps A02 On the other hand, the flow sensor 120 is able to detect flow at this location a02 and provide the detected flow reading to the FCCU. By comparing these two values, it is possible to check the accuracy of the flow sensor 120.
More specifically, in some implementations according to the present disclosure, the operations of step 260 may include: calculating a difference between the determined air flow rate at the flow sensor and the air flow rate detected by the flow sensor; and in response to determining that the calculated difference exceeds a preset error range, determining that an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor.
By finding the determined Q A02 The difference in flow rate detected by the flow sensor 120 is compared with a preset error range, and in the case where the difference does not exceed the preset error range, it can be determined that the accuracy of the flow sensor 120 is normal, and once the difference is found to exceed the preset error range, it can be determined that the accuracy of the flow sensor 120 is abnormal. In some implementations, the preset error range may be a fixed flow value, and the absolute value of the obtained difference should not exceed the fixed flow value, otherwise, it is determined that an abnormality exists; in some alternative implementations, the predetermined error range may be one The ratio of the absolute value of the calculated difference to the detection value of the flow sensor 120 should not exceed the ratio, or an abnormality is determined. Other implementations are also possible.
In addition, in the event that a determination is made in step 260 that there is an abnormality in the accuracy of the flow sensor, the method 200 may also include an optional step to output an alarm signal (not shown). The alert signal may be presented in a visual manner, such as graphics/text/lights, on a control panel associated with the fuel cell system, such as on the dashboard and/or center console of the fuel cell vehicle in its particular implementation. Additionally or alternatively, the alarm signal may also be presented in an audible manner. Other modes of presentation are also possible.
Furthermore, in some implementations according to the present disclosure, Q is determined in step 210 in consideration of the dependence of air density on temperature IN_A03 And/or determine Q in step 230 OUT_A03 When the matching is found in the first set of calibration data or the second set of calibration data, a factor determined according to the temperature can be applied to the found air inlet end flow or air outlet end flow to correct the found value.
Furthermore, in some implementations according to the present disclosure, instead of determining the air compressor inlet end pressure by looking up the fourth set of calibration data as described previously, the operations of step 220 may include: calculating a pipeline along-path pressure drop and a joint local pressure drop of a section of pipeline from an air inlet of the cathode system to the air compressor based on the air inlet end flow rate of the air compressor; and obtaining the pressure of the air inlet end of the air compressor according to the air inlet pressure of the cathode system, the calculated pipeline along-path pressure drop and the calculated joint partial pressure drop of the pipeline.
A length of tubing typically includes both relatively simple tubing (e.g., long tubing) and specially shaped and configured fittings (e.g., elbows, tees), including both tubing pressure drop and fitting partial pressure drop for the loss of pressure of a fluid (here air) flowing through such a length of tubing. The calculation formula of the pipeline along-path pressure drop is as follows:
wherein DeltaP on-way Represents the pipe edge Cheng Yajiang, λ represents the on-way drag coefficient, l represents the pipe length, D represents the pipe inner diameter, ρ represents the fluid density, and v represents the flow rate.
For air that is typically in laminar motion, the along-path drag coefficient can be expressed as:
Wherein Re represents a reynolds number, and:
wherein v represents the fluid kinematic viscosity.
Further, for the pipe edge Cheng Yajiang, the flow Q can be expressed as:
based on the above formula, the pipeline edge Cheng Yajiang delta P can be obtained on-way The calculation formula of (1) is determined as follows:
in addition, the calculation formula of the joint partial pressure drop is as follows:
wherein DeltaP local Indicating a joint officePartial pressure drop, ζ represents the local drag coefficient.
Further, for a joint partial pressure drop, the flow Q may be expressed as:
wherein d represents the joint inner diameter.
Based on the above formula, the joint partial pressure drop ΔP can be calculated local The calculation formula of (1) is determined as follows:
furthermore, it should be understood that a length of tubing may contain more than one simple conduit, and may include more than one fitting. Thus, the pipeline along-path pressure drop referred to herein may be the sum of the along-path pressure drops calculated for one or more simple pipelines, while the joint local pressure drop may be the sum of the local pressure drops calculated for one or more joints.
The intake end flow Q of the air compressor has been determined in step 210 IN_A03 By using the above formula (1) and formula (2), the piping edge Cheng Yajiang Δp of a section of piping from the air intake port (at position a 01) of the cathode system to the air compressor (at position a 03) is calculated on-way And joint partial pressure drop Δp local (wherein Q IN_A03 Corresponding to the flow rate Q in the formula, the pipe related characteristic data (such as pipe length, pipe inside diameter, joint local resistance coefficient, etc.) and the fluid related characteristic data (such as fluid density, fluid kinematic viscosity, etc.) are known for the specific fuel cell system, and are combined with the inlet pressure P of the cathode system A01 Obtaining the pressure P of the air inlet end of the air compressor IN_A03 Compared to the previously described solutions with calibration data (here the fourth set of calibration data), the calibration personnel have to expend a lot of time/effort/material resources in order to obtain the calibration data by the calibration processThis alternative calculation approach can greatly simplify the work and increase the efficiency.
Furthermore, in some implementations, the local pressure drop ΔP for the joint local The calculation process can also be simplified by using taylor formula. For example, equation (2) is expressed as:
ΔP local ＝k local ×Q 2 wherein
By utilizing the second order expansion of the taylor formula, the joint local pressure drop Δp can be determined local The computational reduction of (1) is as follows:
ΔP local ＝k local ×Q 0 2 +2×k local ×Q 0 ×(Q-Q 0 )+k local ×(Q-Q 0 ) 2
furthermore, in some implementations according to the present disclosure, instead of determining the outlet end pressure of the air compressor by looking up the fifth set of calibration data as described previously, the operations of step 240 may include: calculating a pipeline path pressure drop and a joint local pressure drop of a section of pipeline from the air compressor to a pipeline branch point positioned between the air compressor and a cathode of the electric pile based on the air outlet end flow rate of the air compressor; and obtaining the pressure of the air outlet end of the air compressor according to the pressure at the branching point, the calculated pipeline along-path pressure drop of the pipeline and the calculated local pressure drop of the joint. The calculation is similar to that described above, except that the outlet flow Q of the air compressor 130 determined in step 230 is used OUT_A03 Pipeline-related characteristic data and fluid-related characteristic data of a section of pipeline from the air compressor 150 (at position a 03) to the branching point (at position a 04), and pressure P at the branching point A04 。
Furthermore, in some implementations according to the present disclosure, instead of the aforementioned determination of the pressure at the branching point by looking up the sixth set of calibration data, it is also possible toThe pressure at the branching point is calculated as follows: calculating a pipe-along pressure drop and a joint local pressure drop of a section of piping from the branching point to a flow pressure sensor located in a branching pipe leading from the branching point based on a flow rate at the flow pressure sensor detected by the flow pressure sensor; and obtaining the pressure at the branching point according to the pressure at the flow pressure sensor detected by the flow pressure sensor, and the calculated pipeline along-path pressure drop and joint local pressure drop of the pipeline. The calculation is similar to that described above, except that the line-related characteristic data and the fluid-related characteristic data of the line from the flow pressure sensor 150 (at the position a 05) to the branching point (at the position a 04), the flow rate Q at the position a05 detected by the flow pressure sensor 150 are used A05 And pressure P A05 。
Thus, some implementations according to the present disclosure provide an effective and efficient mechanism to check the accuracy of a flow sensor in a cathode system of a fuel cell system.
A flowchart of a method 200 according to some implementations of the present disclosure has been described above in connection with fig. 2, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the method 200 described herein is merely exemplary and not limiting, and that the operations shown are not necessarily performed in the order described, and that not every operation described herein is necessary to practice a particular implementation of the present disclosure. In other implementations, the method 200 may also include other operations described in the specification. Further, it is to be understood that the various operations of the exemplary method 200 may be implemented in software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
Referring next to fig. 3, exemplary processing logic in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure is shown. For ease of illustration, the process shown in FIG. 3 is terminated to flow Q at flow sensor 120 A02 I.e., as determined by step 250 in exemplary method 200).
As shown in FIG. 3, the current i and the excess air ratio lambda of the electric pile are calculated by searching for a first set of targets Fixed data (Q_MAP) IN_A03 ) Determining the intake end flow Q of the air compressor 130 IN_A03 . Then according to Q IN_A03 And inlet pressure P of the cathode system A01 By looking up a fourth set of calibration data (P_MAP A01-A03 ) The intake end pressure P of the air compressor 130 is determined IN_A03 。
On the other hand, according to the current i and the excess air coefficient lambda of the galvanic pile, the second set of calibration data (Q_MAP OUT_A03 ) Determining the outlet end flow Q of the air compressor 130 OUT_A03 . And, based on the flow rate Q detected by the flow rate pressure sensor 150 A05 And pressure P A05 By looking up a sixth set of calibration data (P_MAP A04-A05 ) Determining the pressure P at the branching point A04 . Then according to Q OUT_A03 And P A04 By looking up a fifth set of calibration data (P_MAP A03-A04 ) Determining the outlet end pressure P of the air compressor 130 OUT_A03 。
Next, according to P IN_A03 And P OUT_A03 Calculating the compression ratio R of the air compressor 130 compress_ratio And based on the calculated compression ratio and the rotational speed n of the air compressor 130 EAC By looking up a third set of calibration data (R-Q_MAP A03 ) Finally, the air flow Q at the flow sensor 120 is determined A02 。
Fig. 4 illustrates exemplary processing logic according to some implementations of the present disclosure. In contrast to the example of FIG. 3, the fourth set of calibration data (P_MAP) is looked up in FIG. 4 A01-A03 ) Fifth set of calibration data (P_MAP) A03-A04 ) Sixth set of calibration data (P_MAP) A04-A05 ) The process of (2) is replaced by a calculation process based on the pressure drop formula, which is simply shown as P_Equation A01-A03 、P_Equation A03-A04 、P_Equation A04-A05 。
It should be noted that in some implementations, P shown in FIG. 3 may be replaced by the pressure drop formula-based calculation process described above IN_A03 、P OUT_A03 、P A04 One or more of the processes are determined.
Referring now to fig. 5, a block diagram of an exemplary apparatus 500 is shown in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. The apparatus 500 may be implemented in a fuel cell system, for example in a control unit such as an FCCU of the fuel cell system, for enabling the checking of the accuracy of the flow sensor in the cathode system described herein.
As shown in fig. 5, the apparatus 500 may include a module 510 for determining an intake end flow rate of an air compressor in a cathode system of the fuel cell system by looking up a first set of calibration data according to a first state parameter reflecting an operation state of an electric stack in the fuel cell system, wherein the first set of calibration data indicates a correspondence between the first state parameter and the intake end flow rate, which is determined in advance through a calibration process. The apparatus 500 may also include a module 520 for determining an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow of the air compressor. The apparatus 500 may further include a module 530 configured to determine an outlet end flow rate of the air compressor by searching a second set of calibration data according to a second state parameter reflecting an operation state of the electric pile, where the second set of calibration data indicates a correspondence between the second state parameter and the outlet end flow rate that is determined in advance through a calibration process. The apparatus 500 may further include a module 540 for determining an outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on the outlet end flow of the air compressor. In addition, the apparatus 500 may further comprise a module 550 for determining the air flow at the flow sensor by looking up a third set of calibration data indicating a correspondence between the rotational speed and the compression ratio of the air compressor and the air flow at the flow sensor, which are determined in advance by a calibration process, based on the rotational speed of the air compressor and the compression ratio of the air compressor calculated using the inlet end pressure and the outlet end pressure. Additionally, the apparatus 500 may further include a module 560 for determining whether an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor based on a comparison of the determined air flow at the flow sensor and the air flow detected by the flow sensor.
In some implementations, the apparatus 500 may also include additional modules for performing other operations already described in the specification, such as those described in connection with the flowchart of the exemplary method 200 of fig. 2 and variations thereof. Furthermore, in some implementations, the various modules of apparatus 500 may also be combined or split depending on the actual needs. Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the exemplary apparatus 500 may be implemented in software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
Fig. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary computing device 600, in accordance with some implementations of the disclosure. The computing device 600 may be deployed in a fuel cell system, for example, the computing device or a portion thereof (e.g., a processor therein) may be implemented as a control unit of a FCCU or the like of the fuel cell system for implementing the checks described herein for accuracy of flow sensors in the cathode system.
As shown in fig. 6, computing device 600 may include at least one processor 610. The processor 610 may include any type of general purpose processing unit, special purpose processing unit, core, circuitry, controller, etc. In addition, computing device 600 may also include memory 620. Memory 620 may include any type of medium that may be used to store data. In some implementations, the memory 620 is configured to store instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor 610 to perform operations described herein, such as various operations described in connection with the flowchart of the exemplary method 200 of fig. 2 and variations thereof.
Furthermore, in some implementations, computing device 600 may also be equipped with a communication interface, which may support various types of wired/wireless communication protocols for communicating with a communication network. Examples of communication networks may include, but are not limited to: local Area Networks (LANs), metropolitan Area Networks (MANs), wide Area Networks (WANs), public telephone networks, the internet, intranets, the internet of things, infrared networks, bluetooth networks, near Field Communication (NFC) networks, zigBee networks, and the like.
Further, in some implementations, the above and other components of computing device 600, as well as between computing device 600 and other components of the fuel cell system, may communicate with each other via one or more buses/interconnects, which may support any suitable bus/interconnect protocol, including Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), PCI express, universal Serial Bus (USB), serial Attached SCSI (SAS), serial ATA (SATA), fibre Channel (FC), system management bus (SMBus), controller Area Network (CAN) bus, or other suitable protocol.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above description of the structure of device 600 is merely exemplary and not limiting, and that other structures of devices are possible as long as they can be used to implement the functionality described herein.
Various implementations of the disclosure may include or operate a plurality of components, parts, units, modules, instances, or mechanisms, which may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. Examples of hardware may include, but are not limited to: devices, processors, microprocessors, circuits, circuit elements (e.g., transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors, and so forth), integrated circuits, application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), programmable Logic Devices (PLD), digital Signal Processors (DSP), field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), memory units, logic gates, registers, semiconductor device, chips, microchips, chip sets, and so forth. Examples of software may include, but are not limited to: a software component, program, application, computer program, application program, system program, machine program, operating system software, middleware, software modules, routines, subroutines, functions, methods, procedures, software interfaces, application Programming Interfaces (API), instruction sets, computer code segments, words, values, symbols, or any combination thereof. Determining an implementation to use hardware, software, and/or firmware may vary depending on a variety of factors, such as desired computational rate, power levels, heat tolerances, processing cycle budget, input data rates, output data rates, memory resources, data bus speeds and other design or performance constraints, as desired for a given implementation.
Some implementations described herein may include an article of manufacture. The article of manufacture may comprise a storage medium. Examples of storage media may include volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information (e.g., computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). The storage medium may include, but is not limited to: random Access Memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact Disks (CDs), digital Versatile Disks (DVDs) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store information. In some implementations, an article of manufacture may store executable computer program instructions that, when executed by one or more processing units, cause the processing units to perform operations described herein. The executable computer program instructions may comprise any suitable type of code, such as source code, compiled code, interpreted code, executable code, static code, dynamic code, and the like. The executable computer program instructions may be implemented using any suitable high-level, low-level, object-oriented, visual, compiled and/or interpreted programming language.
Some example implementations of the present disclosure are described below.
Example 1 may include a method for checking accuracy of a flow sensor in a cathode system of a fuel cell system, the method comprising: determining the air inlet end flow of an air compressor in a cathode system of the fuel cell system by searching a first set of calibration data according to a first state parameter reflecting the working state of a galvanic pile in the fuel cell system, wherein the first set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the first state parameter and the air inlet end flow which are determined in advance through a calibration process; determining an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow of the air compressor; determining the air outlet end flow of the air compressor by searching a second set of calibration data according to a second state parameter reflecting the working state of the electric pile, wherein the second set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the second state parameter and the air outlet end flow, which are determined in advance through a calibration process; determining an outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on the outlet end flow of the air compressor; determining the air flow rate at the flow sensor by searching a third set of calibration data according to the rotating speed of the air compressor and the compression ratio of the air compressor calculated by using the pressure at the air inlet end and the pressure at the air outlet end, wherein the third set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the rotating speed and the compression ratio of the air compressor, which are determined in advance through a calibration process, and the air flow rate at the flow sensor; and determining whether an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor based on a comparison of the determined air flow rate at the flow sensor and the air flow rate detected by the flow sensor.
Example 2 may include the subject matter of example 1, wherein determining whether an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor based on a comparison of the determined air flow at the flow sensor and the air flow detected by the flow sensor includes: calculating a difference between the determined air flow rate at the flow sensor and the air flow rate detected by the flow sensor; and in response to determining that the calculated difference exceeds a preset error range, determining that an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor.
Example 3 may include the subject matter of example 2, wherein the method further comprises: an alarm signal is output in response to determining that an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor.
Example 4 may include the subject matter of example 1, wherein at least one of the first state parameter and the second state parameter includes a current and an excess air ratio of the stack.
Example 5 may include the subject matter of example 1, wherein determining an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow of the air compressor comprises: and determining the air inlet end pressure of the air compressor by searching a fourth set of calibration data according to the air inlet end flow of the air compressor and the air inlet pressure of the cathode system, wherein the fourth set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the air inlet end flow, the air inlet pressure of the cathode system and the air inlet end pressure, which are determined in advance through a calibration process.
Example 6 may include the subject matter of example 1, wherein determining the outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on the outlet end flow of the air compressor comprises: and determining the air outlet end pressure of the air compressor by searching a fifth set of calibration data according to the air outlet end flow of the air compressor and the pressure at a pipeline branch point between the air compressor and the cathode of the electric pile, wherein the fifth set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the air outlet end flow and the pressure at the branch point and the air outlet end pressure, which are determined in advance through a calibration process.
Example 7 may include the subject matter of example 6, wherein the method further comprises determining the pressure at the branch point by: and determining the pressure at the branching point by searching a sixth set of calibration data according to the flow and the pressure at the flow pressure sensor detected by the flow pressure sensor in the branching pipeline led out from the branching point, wherein the sixth set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the flow and the pressure at the flow pressure sensor and the pressure at the branching point, which are determined in advance through a calibration process.
Example 8 may include the subject matter of example 1, wherein determining an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow of the air compressor comprises: calculating a pipeline along-path pressure drop and a joint local pressure drop of a section of pipeline from an air inlet of the cathode system to the air compressor based on the air inlet end flow rate of the air compressor; and obtaining the pressure of the air inlet end of the air compressor according to the air inlet pressure of the cathode system, the calculated pipeline along-path pressure drop and the calculated joint partial pressure drop of the pipeline.
Example 9 may include the subject matter of example 1, wherein determining the outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on the outlet end flow of the air compressor comprises: calculating a pipeline path pressure drop and a joint local pressure drop of a section of pipeline from the air compressor to a pipeline branch point positioned between the air compressor and a cathode of the electric pile based on the air outlet end flow rate of the air compressor; and obtaining the pressure of the air outlet end of the air compressor according to the pressure at the branching point, the calculated pipeline along-path pressure drop of the pipeline and the calculated local pressure drop of the joint.
Example 10 may include the subject matter of example 9, wherein the method further comprises calculating the pressure at the branch point by: calculating a pipe-along pressure drop and a joint local pressure drop of a section of piping from the branching point to a flow pressure sensor located in a branching pipe leading from the branching point based on a flow rate at the flow pressure sensor detected by the flow pressure sensor; and obtaining the pressure at the branching point according to the pressure at the flow pressure sensor detected by the flow pressure sensor, and the calculated pipeline along-path pressure drop and joint local pressure drop of the pipeline.
Example 11 may include the subject matter of any of examples 8-10, wherein the pipeline along-path pressure drop and the joint local pressure drop are calculated by the following equation:
wherein DeltaP on-way Represents the pipe edge Cheng Yajiang, Q represents the flow rate, ρ represents the fluid density, l represents the pipe length, D represents the pipe inner diameter, v represents the fluid kinematic viscosity, and wherein Δp local Represents the local pressure drop of the joint, d represents the internal diameter of the joint, ζ represents the local resistance coefficient.
Example 12 may include an apparatus for checking accuracy of a flow sensor in a cathode system of a fuel cell system, the apparatus comprising: a module for determining an intake end flow rate of an air compressor in a cathode system of the fuel cell system by searching a first set of calibration data according to a first state parameter reflecting an operating state of a cell stack in the fuel cell system, wherein the first set of calibration data indicates a correspondence between the first state parameter and the intake end flow rate determined in advance through a calibration process; means for determining an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow rate of the air compressor; the module is used for determining the air outlet end flow of the air compressor by searching a second set of calibration data according to a second state parameter reflecting the working state of the electric pile, wherein the second set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the second state parameter and the air outlet end flow, which are determined in advance through a calibration process; means for determining an outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on an outlet end flow rate of the air compressor; a module for determining an air flow rate at the flow sensor by searching a third set of calibration data according to a rotation speed of the air compressor and a compression ratio of the air compressor calculated by using the inlet end pressure and the outlet end pressure, wherein the third set of calibration data indicates a correspondence between the rotation speed and the compression ratio of the air compressor and the air flow rate at the flow sensor, which are determined in advance through a calibration process; and means for determining whether an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor based on a comparison of the determined air flow rate at the flow sensor and the air flow rate detected by the flow sensor.
Example 13 may include the subject matter of example 12, wherein determining whether an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor based on a comparison of the determined air flow at the flow sensor and the air flow detected by the flow sensor includes: calculating a difference between the determined air flow rate at the flow sensor and the air flow rate detected by the flow sensor; and in response to determining that the calculated difference exceeds a preset error range, determining that an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor.
Example 14 may include the subject matter of example 13, wherein the apparatus further comprises: and means for outputting an alarm signal in response to determining that there is an abnormality in the accuracy of the flow sensor.
Example 15 may include the subject matter of example 12, wherein at least one of the first state parameter and the second state parameter includes a current and an excess air ratio of the stack.
Example 16 may include the subject matter of example 12, wherein determining an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow of the air compressor comprises: and determining the air inlet end pressure of the air compressor by searching a fourth set of calibration data according to the air inlet end flow of the air compressor and the air inlet pressure of the cathode system, wherein the fourth set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the air inlet end flow, the air inlet pressure of the cathode system and the air inlet end pressure, which are determined in advance through a calibration process.
Example 17 may include the subject matter of example 12, wherein determining the outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on the outlet end flow of the air compressor comprises: and determining the air outlet end pressure of the air compressor by searching a fifth set of calibration data according to the air outlet end flow of the air compressor and the pressure at a pipeline branch point between the air compressor and the cathode of the electric pile, wherein the fifth set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the air outlet end flow and the pressure at the branch point and the air outlet end pressure, which are determined in advance through a calibration process.
Example 18 may include the subject matter of example 17, wherein the apparatus further comprises means for determining the pressure at the branch point by: and determining the pressure at the branching point by searching a sixth set of calibration data according to the flow and the pressure at the flow pressure sensor detected by the flow pressure sensor in the branching pipeline led out from the branching point, wherein the sixth set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the flow and the pressure at the flow pressure sensor and the pressure at the branching point, which are determined in advance through a calibration process.
Example 19 may include the subject matter of example 12, wherein determining an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow of the air compressor comprises: calculating a pipeline along-path pressure drop and a joint local pressure drop of a section of pipeline from an air inlet of the cathode system to the air compressor based on the air inlet end flow rate of the air compressor; and obtaining the pressure of the air inlet end of the air compressor according to the air inlet pressure of the cathode system, the calculated pipeline along-path pressure drop and the calculated joint partial pressure drop of the pipeline.
Example 20 may include the subject matter of example 12, wherein determining the outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on the outlet end flow of the air compressor comprises: calculating a pipeline path pressure drop and a joint local pressure drop of a section of pipeline from the air compressor to a pipeline branch point positioned between the air compressor and a cathode of the electric pile based on the air outlet end flow rate of the air compressor; and obtaining the pressure of the air outlet end of the air compressor according to the pressure at the branching point, the calculated pipeline along-path pressure drop of the pipeline and the calculated local pressure drop of the joint.
Example 21 may include the subject matter of example 20, wherein the apparatus further comprises means for calculating the pressure at the branch point by: calculating a pipe-along pressure drop and a joint local pressure drop of a section of piping from the branching point to a flow pressure sensor located in a branching pipe leading from the branching point based on a flow rate at the flow pressure sensor detected by the flow pressure sensor; and obtaining the pressure at the branching point according to the pressure at the flow pressure sensor detected by the flow pressure sensor, and the calculated pipeline along-path pressure drop and joint local pressure drop of the pipeline.
Example 22 may include the subject matter of any of examples 19-21, wherein the pipeline along-path pressure drop and the joint local pressure drop are calculated by the following equation:
wherein DeltaP on-way Represents the pipe edge Cheng Yajiang, Q represents the flow rate, ρ represents the fluid density, l represents the pipe length, D represents the pipe inner diameter, ν represents the fluid kinematic viscosity, and wherein Δp local Represents the local pressure drop of the joint, d represents the internal diameter of the joint, ζ represents the local resistance coefficient.
Example 23 may include a computing device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory coupled to the at least one processor and configured to store instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of examples 1-11.
Example 24 may include a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method of any of examples 1-11.
Example 25 may include a computer program product comprising instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method of any of examples 1-11.
What has been described above includes examples of the disclosed architecture. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components and/or methodologies, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations are possible. Accordingly, the novel architecture is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A method for checking accuracy of a flow sensor in a cathode system of a fuel cell system, the method comprising:
determining (210) an intake end flow of an air compressor in a cathode system of the fuel cell system by looking up a first set of calibration data according to a first state parameter reflecting an operating state of a stack in the fuel cell system, wherein the first set of calibration data indicates a correspondence between the first state parameter and the intake end flow determined in advance by a calibration process;
Determining (220) an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow of the air compressor;
determining (230) an outlet end flow of the air compressor by searching a second set of calibration data according to a second state parameter reflecting the working state of the electric pile, wherein the second set of calibration data indicates a corresponding relation between the second state parameter and the outlet end flow, which are determined in advance through a calibration process;
determining (240) an outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on an outlet end flow rate of the air compressor;
determining (250) an air flow rate at the flow sensor by looking up a third set of calibration data, which indicates a correspondence between the rotational speed and the compression ratio of the air compressor and the air flow rate at the flow sensor, determined in advance by a calibration process, according to the rotational speed of the air compressor and the compression ratio of the air compressor calculated using the inlet end pressure and the outlet end pressure; and
based on a comparison of the determined air flow at the flow sensor and the air flow detected by the flow sensor, it is determined (260) whether an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor based on a comparison of the determined air flow at the flow sensor and the air flow detected by the flow sensor comprises:
calculating a difference between the determined air flow rate at the flow sensor and the air flow rate detected by the flow sensor; and
and in response to determining that the calculated difference exceeds a preset error range, determining that the accuracy of the flow sensor is abnormal.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
an alarm signal is output in response to determining that an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second state parameters includes a current and an excess air factor of the stack.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow of the air compressor comprises:
and determining the air inlet end pressure of the air compressor by searching a fourth set of calibration data according to the air inlet end flow of the air compressor and the air inlet pressure of the cathode system, wherein the fourth set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the air inlet end flow, the air inlet pressure of the cathode system and the air inlet end pressure, which are determined in advance through a calibration process.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on the outlet end flow of the air compressor comprises:
and determining the air outlet end pressure of the air compressor by searching a fifth set of calibration data according to the air outlet end flow of the air compressor and the pressure at a pipeline branch point between the air compressor and the cathode of the electric pile, wherein the fifth set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the air outlet end flow and the pressure at the branch point and the air outlet end pressure, which are determined in advance through a calibration process.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising determining the pressure at the branch point by:
and determining the pressure at the branching point by searching a sixth set of calibration data according to the flow and the pressure at the flow pressure sensor detected by the flow pressure sensor in the branching pipeline led out from the branching point, wherein the sixth set of calibration data indicates the corresponding relation between the flow and the pressure at the flow pressure sensor and the pressure at the branching point, which are determined in advance through a calibration process.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow of the air compressor comprises:
calculating a pipeline along-path pressure drop and a joint local pressure drop of a section of pipeline from an air inlet of the cathode system to the air compressor based on the air inlet end flow rate of the air compressor; and
and obtaining the pressure of the air inlet end of the air compressor according to the air inlet pressure of the cathode system, the calculated pipeline along-path pressure drop and the calculated joint partial pressure drop of the pipeline.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on the outlet end flow of the air compressor comprises:
calculating a pipeline path pressure drop and a joint local pressure drop of a section of pipeline from the air compressor to a pipeline branch point positioned between the air compressor and a cathode of the electric pile based on the air outlet end flow rate of the air compressor; and
and obtaining the pressure of the air outlet end of the air compressor according to the pressure at the branching point, the calculated pipeline along-path pressure drop of the pipeline and the calculated local pressure drop of the joint.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising calculating the pressure at the branch point by:
calculating a pipe-along pressure drop and a joint local pressure drop of a section of piping from the branching point to a flow pressure sensor located in a branching pipe leading from the branching point based on a flow rate at the flow pressure sensor detected by the flow pressure sensor; and
and obtaining the pressure at the branching point according to the pressure at the flow pressure sensor detected by the flow pressure sensor, and the calculated pipeline along-path pressure drop and joint local pressure drop of the pipeline.
11. The method of any of claims 8-10, wherein the pipeline along-path pressure drop and the joint partial pressure drop are calculated by the following equation:
wherein DeltaP on-way Represents the pipe edge Cheng Yajiang, Q represents the flow rate, ρ represents the fluid density, l represents the pipe length, D represents the pipe inner diameter, ν represents the fluid kinematic viscosity, and wherein Δp local Represents the local pressure drop of the joint, d represents the internal diameter of the joint, ζ represents the local resistance coefficient.
12. An apparatus for checking accuracy of a flow sensor in a cathode system of a fuel cell system, the apparatus comprising:
A module (510) for determining an intake end flow of an air compressor in a cathode system of the fuel cell system by looking up a first set of calibration data according to a first state parameter reflecting an operating state of a stack in the fuel cell system, wherein the first set of calibration data indicates a correspondence between the first state parameter and the intake end flow determined in advance by a calibration process;
means (520) for determining an intake end pressure of the air compressor based on an intake end flow of the air compressor;
a module (530) for determining an outlet end flow rate of the air compressor by searching a second set of calibration data according to a second state parameter reflecting an operating state of the electric pile, wherein the second set of calibration data indicates a correspondence between the second state parameter and the outlet end flow rate determined in advance through a calibration process;
means (540) for determining an outlet end pressure of the air compressor based on an outlet end flow rate of the air compressor;
a module (550) for determining an air flow rate at the flow sensor by looking up a third set of calibration data, indicating a correspondence between the rotational speed and the compression ratio of the air compressor and the air flow rate at the flow sensor, determined in advance by a calibration process, from the rotational speed of the air compressor and the compression ratio of the air compressor calculated using the inlet end pressure and the outlet end pressure; and
And a module (560) for determining whether an abnormality exists in the accuracy of the flow sensor based on a comparison of the determined air flow at the flow sensor and the air flow detected by the flow sensor.
13. A computing device, the computing device comprising:
at least one processor (610); and
a memory (620) coupled to the at least one processor (610) and configured to store instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor (610), cause the at least one processor (610) to perform the method according to any of claims 1-11.
14. A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method of any of claims 1-11.
15. A computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method of any of claims 1-11.
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