CN115995304A

CN115995304A - Horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor internals and horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor

Info

Publication number: CN115995304A
Application number: CN202310119103.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王晓和; 王晓轩; 李海涛; 马晓荣; 房柯; 李华; 张昕予; 方晓璐; 刘迎; 张耀春; 刘天斌; 吴明; 汪俊
Original assignee: China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-01-31
Filing date: 2023-01-31
Publication date: 2023-04-21

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor internals and a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor, wherein the internals are transversely arranged and comprise a reflecting layer assembly, a heat insulation shielding layer assembly and a gas collecting layer assembly, the reflecting layer assembly is transversely arranged, a first cavity is formed in the reflecting layer assembly, and a reactor core is accommodated in the first cavity; the gas collecting layer assembly is arranged on one side of the reactor core, a converging structure is arranged inside the gas collecting layer assembly and used for converging the coolant flowing through the reactor core towards the central axis direction of the gas collecting layer assembly, and the heat shield layer assembly is sleeved outside the reflecting layer assembly and the gas collecting layer assembly. The adoption of the internal components of the reactor effectively reduces the height of the reactor and is convenient for transportation.

Description

Horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor internals and horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear industry, and particularly relates to a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor inner member and a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor comprising the same.

Background

The prismatic high temperature gas cooled reactor belongs to one of the fourth generation nuclear reactors, such as HTTR in Japan and Fort St.Vrain in the United states, and the reactor core part mainly consists of graphite bricks and heat insulation carbon bricks, is regularly arranged and takes a prismatic shape, and comprises a fuel area, an upper reflecting layer, a lower reflecting layer, a side reflecting layer, an upper carbon brick layer, a lower carbon brick layer and a side carbon brick layer from inside to outside. The reactor adopts helium as a coolant, the coolant sequentially flows through an upper charcoal brick layer, an upper reflecting layer, a reactor core, a lower reflecting layer, a supporting column, a hot air chamber and an outlet pipe from top to bottom, the coolant is gradually heated in the downward flowing process, the reactor core is cooled, and the heated coolant flows out of the reactor through the hot air chamber.

As is known, high temperature gas cooled reactors have great inherent safety, but their low core energy density and large heat capacity make the reactor bulky, and if the reactor output is reduced, the reactor volume can be properly reduced, but the reactor volume cannot be reduced without limitation, otherwise the reactor cannot be operated.

In the prior art, the prismatic high-temperature gas cooled reactor adopts a vertical reactor structure, and no description is made of a horizontal reactor structure. As described above, the volume of the reactor cannot be reduced without limitation, and in this case, in view of the need to reduce the height of the reactor, it is also necessary to provide a control mechanism above the reactor in order to control the reactivity of the reactor in the conventional vertical reactor, and thus it is difficult for the vertical reactor to reduce the height dimension thereof, and the purpose of in-vehicle transportation cannot be achieved.

In the vertical stack structure of the prior art, a hot air chamber for collecting high-temperature helium gas flowing through the reactor core is formed by a space supported by the graphite support columns, and when the vertical stack structure is installed, both ends of the graphite support columns are clamped in the support seats and pressed by the gravity of the upper Fang Danmo blocks. The abrasion of the graphite support columns is exacerbated by the presence of multiple point contacts of the support columns; vibration and non-uniformity of gravity compaction pressure during reactor operation can easily lead to breakage of the graphite support columns. The pressure also enables the graphite bricks on the upper side and the lower side of the graphite supporting column to receive the concentrated force of the supporting seat, which is not beneficial to the strength design of the graphite bricks.

In addition, the reactor requires the connection of subsequent equipment through high temperature piping that cannot be affected by neutron irradiation, however, the structure of the existing hot gas chamber can cause excessive leakage of neutrons into the hot gas chamber and the high temperature piping.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art and provides a horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor inner member and a horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor comprising the same, wherein the height of the reactor is effectively reduced by adopting the inner member, and the reactor is convenient to transport.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor internals are transversely arranged and comprise a reflecting layer assembly, a heat insulation shielding layer assembly and a gas collecting layer assembly, wherein the reflecting layer assembly is transversely arranged, a first cavity is formed in the reflecting layer assembly, and a reactor core is accommodated in the first cavity; the gas collecting layer assembly is arranged on one side of the reactor core, a converging structure is arranged inside the gas collecting layer assembly and used for converging the coolant flowing through the reactor core towards the central axis direction of the gas collecting layer assembly, and the heat shield layer assembly is sleeved outside the reflecting layer assembly and the gas collecting layer assembly.

Preferably, the gas collecting layer assembly comprises N gas collecting layers, each gas collecting layer is sequentially arranged in a direction gradually far away from the reactor core, N is a positive integer, each gas collecting layer is formed by splicing a plurality of hexagonal prism blocks, each gas collecting structure comprises N gas collecting units respectively arranged in the N gas collecting layers, each gas collecting unit comprises a through hole and a groove, the grooves in the same gas collecting layer are communicated with the through holes, the grooves are non-through grooves, the grooves are arranged around the through holes, the grooves are arranged in a shape enabling a coolant to be concentrated towards the center of the gas collecting layer, the through holes in different gas collecting layers are mutually communicated, and the positions of the through holes in the gas collecting units of the latter gas collecting layer are closer to the central axis of the gas collecting layer assembly than the positions of the through holes in the gas collecting units of the former gas collecting layer.

Preferably, the gas collecting layer assembly comprises three gas collecting layers, namely a first gas collecting layer, a second gas collecting layer and a third gas collecting layer, the first gas collecting layer, the second gas collecting layer and the third gas collecting layer are sequentially arranged and attached in a direction away from the reactor core, the hexagonal prism blocks in the first gas collecting layer, the second gas collecting layer and the third gas collecting layer are respectively a first hexagonal prism block, a second hexagonal prism block and a third hexagonal prism block, correspondingly, the converging structure comprises three converging units, namely a first converging unit, a second converging unit and a third converging unit, which are respectively arranged in the first gas collecting layer, the second gas collecting layer and the third gas collecting layer, the number of the first converging units is equal to that of the first hexagonal prism blocks, a first converging unit is arranged in each first hexagonal prism block, each first converging unit comprises a first through hole and a plurality of radial grooves, the first through hole is arranged at the center of the first hexagonal prism block, the plurality of radial grooves are arranged around the first through hole in the first hexagonal prism block, one end of each radial groove is communicated with the first through hole, the other end of each radial groove extends outwards, the radial grooves do not penetrate through the first hexagonal prism block, so that coolant flowing out of the reactor core flows in from the radial grooves of the first gas collecting layer and the input end of the first through hole, finally, is converged in the first through hole and flows out of the output end of the first through hole, thereby completing the first convergence of the coolant, the second convergence unit comprises a second through hole and a first connecting groove, the second through hole is arranged at the center of the second hexagonal prism block, the second through hole is arranged on the second hexagonal prism block positioned in the central area, the second through hole is communicated with the first through hole, the first connecting groove is arranged on the second hexagonal prism block positioned outside the central area, the first connecting groove does not penetrate through the second hexagonal prism blocks, the second hexagonal prism blocks outside the central area are communicated with the second through holes through the first connecting groove, so that the coolant from the first gas collecting layer flows in from the input end of the second through holes and the first connecting groove, flows out from the output end of the second through holes after converging to the second through holes, thereby finishing the second converging of the coolant, the third converging unit comprises a third through hole, a fourth through hole, converging holes, an annular groove, a second connecting groove, a third connecting groove and a fourth connecting groove, on one side of the third gas collecting layer close to the second gas collecting layer, the third hexagonal prism blocks on the outermost layer of the third gas collecting layer are corresponding to the second hexagonal prism blocks on the outermost layer of the second gas collecting layer in position, the third through holes are arranged at the centers of the third hexagonal prism blocks on the inner layer of the outermost layer of the third gas collecting layer, the third through holes are arranged at intervals on the third hexagonal prism blocks on the layer, the third converging unit comprises a third through hole, a converging hole, an annular groove, the third connecting groove and a fourth connecting groove are arranged on the periphery of the third hexagonal prism blocks on the third layer, so that the third prism blocks are communicated with the third annular groove on the outermost layer through holes on the center of the third gas collecting layer; the cooling agent from the second gas collecting layer flows in from the input ends of the third through hole and the fourth through hole and the second connecting groove and the annular groove, flows out from the output ends of the third through hole and the fourth through hole after converging to the third through hole and the fourth through hole, and finally flows into the converging hole along the third connecting groove and the fourth connecting groove, thereby completing the third converging of the cooling agent.

Preferably, the reflection layer assembly comprises a first reflection layer and a second reflection layer, the second reflection layer is arranged transversely and forms an annular shell structure, the first cavity is formed inside the second reflection layer, the first reflection layer is formed by splicing a plurality of fourth hexagonal prism blocks, the first reflection layer is arranged inside the second reflection layer and is arranged on two sides of the reactor core opposite to the gas collecting layer assembly, and the first gas collecting layer and the second gas collecting layer are located inside the second reflection layer.

Preferably, the second reflecting layer is a cylindrical shell structure, and the second reflecting layer is provided with a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of second reflecting layers are sequentially arranged along the transverse direction so as to jointly form the cylindrical shell structure.

Preferably, each group of second reflecting layers is formed by splicing a plurality of sector blocks along the circumferential direction, and two adjacent groups of second reflecting layers are in staggered fit arrangement so as to form a seam-riding structure.

Preferably, in the same group of second reflecting layers, a first key groove is arranged on the side surface of one sector block, a corresponding first lug is arranged on the other sector block adjacent to the first key groove, the first lug is clamped with the first key groove so as to be used for preventing the second reflecting layers from moving towards the direction far away from the central axis of the first cavity, a second key groove is arranged between the bottoms of two adjacent sector blocks in the same group of second reflecting layers, a corresponding second lug is arranged on the inner wall of the pressure container, and the second lug is clamped with the second key groove so as to be used for preventing the internal components from rotating.

Preferably, the heat insulation layer assembly comprises a first heat insulation layer, a second heat insulation layer and a third heat insulation layer, wherein the first heat insulation layer is attached to the outer end face of the second reflecting layer with the second heat insulation layer, the second heat insulation layer is enclosed outside the first heat insulation layer, the first heat insulation layer is attached to the outer end face of the first reflecting layer, the second heat insulation layer is attached to the outer end face of the second reflecting layer, and the third heat insulation layer is attached to the outer wall of the second reflecting layer.

Preferably, the first heat insulation shielding layer is formed by splicing a plurality of fifth hexagonal prism blocks, the second heat insulation shielding layer is of an annular structure formed by splicing a plurality of sector blocks along the circumferential direction, and the third heat insulation shielding layer is of a structure matched with the second reflecting layer.

Preferably, the heat insulation shielding layer assembly further comprises a fourth heat insulation shielding layer and a fifth heat insulation shielding layer, the fifth heat insulation shielding layer is arranged at the end part of the second reflecting layer and is attached to the outer end face of one end, far away from the first reflecting layer, of the second reflecting layer, a second cavity is formed in the heat insulation shielding layer assembly, the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity, the third air collecting layer and the fourth heat insulation shielding layer are arranged in the second cavity, the fourth heat insulation shielding layer is arranged on the outer side of the third air collecting layer, and one side, far away from the second air collecting layer, of the third air collecting layer is attached to the fourth heat insulation shielding layer.

Preferably, the fifth heat insulation layer is of an annular structure formed by splicing a plurality of sector blocks, the fourth heat insulation layer is formed by splicing a plurality of sixth hexagonal prism blocks, a fifth through hole is formed in the center of the fourth heat insulation layer, the diameter of one side, close to the third air collection layer, of the fifth through hole is smaller than that of one side, far away from the third air collection layer, of the fifth through hole, the diameter of one side, close to the third air collection layer, of the fifth through hole is the same as that of the converging hole, and the converging hole is communicated with the fifth through hole.

Preferably, the in-pile member further comprises a fixing plate, the outer diameter of the fixing plate is larger than the diameter of the fifth heat insulation shielding layer, the fifth heat insulation shielding layer is fixed on the fixing plate, a plurality of waist holes are formed in the circumference of the fixing plate, which is located at the outer side of the fifth heat insulation shielding layer, the air collection layer assembly further comprises an exhaust unit, the exhaust unit comprises a first exhaust pipe and a second exhaust pipe, the first exhaust pipe is arranged in the fifth through hole, the second exhaust pipe is located inside the first exhaust pipe and is arranged concentrically with the first exhaust pipe, the diameter of the second exhaust pipe is smaller than that of the first exhaust pipe, an annular gap is formed between the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe, the coolant flowing out of the air collection layer assembly flows out of the output end of the second exhaust pipe to the heat exchange assembly outside, flows to the edge position of the fixing plate along the annular gap, flows into the pressure container outside the third heat insulation shielding layer along the waist holes of the fixing plate, finally flows into the first inner cavity through the inner hole of the first heat insulation layer, and finally the coolant enters the first inner cavity through the inner hole of the first heat insulation layer, and circulation of the coolant is completed.

Preferably, the inner-pile member further comprises a control rod channel, the control rod channel comprises a sixth through hole and a seventh through hole, the sixth through hole is formed in the second heat insulation shielding layer, the seventh through hole is formed in the second reflecting layer, and the sixth through hole and the seventh through hole are mutually communicated to form the control rod channel.

Preferably, the inner pile member further comprises a compression assembly, the compression assembly comprises a radial compression unit, the radial compression unit comprises a flange, a compression mechanism and a first compression plate, the flange is inserted on the pressure container shell, the insertion end of the flange penetrates through the pressure container shell, a mounting hole is formed in the middle of the flange, the compression mechanism comprises a first compression spring, a first compression block, a second compression block and a compression adjusting nut, the second compression block and the first compression block are sequentially arranged in the mounting hole in a compression manner from top to bottom, the compression adjusting nut is in threaded connection with the mounting hole, the first compression spring is clamped between the first compression block and the second compression block, one end of the first compression spring abuts against the second compression block, the other end of the first compression spring abuts against the first compression block, the lower portion of the first compression block extends out of the mounting hole and is connected with one radial side of the first compression plate so as to be used for compressing the first compression plate, and the other side of the first compression plate is in threaded connection with the mounting hole.

Preferably, the compression assembly further comprises an axial compression unit, the axial compression unit comprises a supporting mechanism, an elastic mechanism and a second compression plate, the supporting mechanism comprises a supporting column and a supporting plate, one end of the supporting column is fixedly connected with the supporting plate, the other end of the supporting column is propped against the pressure vessel sealing head, the second compression plate is oppositely arranged parallel to the supporting plate and is located on one side of the supporting plate away from the supporting column, the second compression plate is in contact with the end face of the reflecting layer assembly, the elastic mechanism comprises a guide column and a second compression spring, a guide hole is formed in the supporting plate, one end of the guide column is fixedly mounted on the second compression plate, the other end of the guide column penetrates through the guide hole in the supporting plate, the second compression spring is sleeved on the guide column, the second compression spring is in a compressed state, and two ends of the second compression spring are respectively propped against the supporting plate and the second compression plate.

The invention also provides a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor, which comprises a pressure vessel and a horizontal reactor core, wherein the pressure vessel comprises a pressure vessel shell, and the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor inner member is arranged in the pressure vessel shell, and the horizontal reactor core is arranged in a first cavity of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor inner member.

The horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor internal component adopts a structure which is transversely arranged, and can be suitable for a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor, so that the dimension of the vertical reactor in the height direction is effectively reduced, and correspondingly, the width and length dimensions of the reactor are also reduced, the overall structure of the reactor is compact, the vehicle-mounted transportation function is realized, the gravity center of the reactor is reduced, and the risk brought by an earthquake is reduced. In order to solve the problems of unstable supporting structure of the gas collecting cavity and the supporting column of the vertical reactor and the problem of non-centralized coolant convergence in the prior art, the invention preferably adopts a three-layer convergence structure consisting of a plurality of graphite bricks, and the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the active region of the reactor is converged layer by layer to the center and then led out of the reactor from the exhaust pipe.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the internals of a horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structural arrangement of the internal components of the horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a left side schematic view of a first gas collecting layer of an inner member of a horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a right side schematic view of a first gas collecting layer of an inner member of a horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the left side of a second gas collecting layer of an inner member of a horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a right side schematic view of a second gas collecting layer of an inner member of a horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a left side schematic view of a third gas collecting layer of an inner member of a horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a right side schematic view of a third gas collecting layer of an inner member of a horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a left side schematic view of a fourth insulating layer of an inner member of a horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a right side schematic view of a fourth insulating layer of an inner member of a horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in example 1 of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a radial pressing unit in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the radial pressing unit and the pressure vessel shell in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a front view of an axial compression unit in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a perspective view of an axial compression unit in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic view showing the splicing of a plurality of axial compression units in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-axial compression unit, 21-support column, 22-support plate, 23-first guide cylinder, 24-guide column, 25-second compression spring, 26-second guide cylinder, 27-second compression plate, 3-first heat shield, 4-second heat shield, 5-third heat shield, 6-radial compression unit, 61-first compression plate, 62-bolt, 63-flange cover, 64-flange, 65-first compression block, 66-first compression spring, 67-second compression block, 68-compression adjustment nut, 69-pressure vessel shell, 8-first reflection layer, 9-second reflection layer, 10-first gas collection layer, 11-second gas collection layer, 12-third gas collection layer, 13-fourth heat shield, 14-fifth heat insulating layer, 15-fixing plate, 16-exhaust unit, 17-first key groove, 18-second key groove, 101-outermost second hexagonal block, 102-outermost third hexagonal block, 103-outermost inner third hexagonal block, 104-innermost third hexagonal block, 105-first through hole, 106-second through hole, 107-third through hole, 108-fourth through hole, 109-fifth through hole, 110-radial groove, 111-first connecting groove, 112-second connecting groove, 113-annular groove, 114-third connecting groove, 115-fourth connecting groove, 116-converging hole, 117-sixth through hole, 118-seventh through hole, 119-second hexagonal prism blocks of the intermediate region.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made more apparent, and the embodiments described in detail, but not necessarily all, in connection with the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, the terms "upper" and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on the orientation or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must be provided with a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "disposed," "mounted," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.

The invention provides a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor internals, which are transversely arranged and comprise a reflecting layer assembly, a heat insulation shielding layer assembly and a gas collecting layer assembly, wherein the reflecting layer assembly is transversely arranged, a first cavity is formed in the reflecting layer assembly, and a reactor core is accommodated in the first cavity; the utility model discloses a reactor core, including the reactor core, the gas-collecting layer subassembly is located to the gas-collecting layer subassembly, and it can seal the open end of reflection layer subassembly, and the inside structure that gathers that has of gas-collecting layer subassembly, the structure that gathers is used for gathering the coolant that flows through the reactor core towards the axis direction of gas-collecting layer subassembly, the heat-insulating shield layer subassembly cover is established the outside of reflection layer subassembly and gas-collecting layer subassembly.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals, which are arranged laterally to match the horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor. The reactor comprises an inner reactor component, a reactor core and a heat insulation shielding layer component, wherein the inner reactor component comprises a reflecting layer component, a heat insulation shielding layer component and a gas collecting layer component, the reflecting layer component is transversely arranged, a first cavity is formed in the inner reactor component, and the reactor core is accommodated in the first cavity; the gas collecting layer assembly is arranged on one side of the horizontal reactor core, a converging structure is arranged in the gas collecting layer assembly and used for converging the coolant flowing through the reactor core towards the central axis direction of the gas collecting layer assembly, and the heat insulation shielding layer assembly is sleeved outside the reflecting layer assembly and the gas collecting layer assembly.

In this embodiment, the gas collecting layer assembly includes N gas collecting layers, each of which is sequentially disposed in a direction gradually away from the core, and is attached to each other. Wherein, N is positive integer, every gas collecting layer is formed by a plurality of hexagonal prism pieces concatenation, the structure of gathering is including setting up N in N gas collecting layers respectively and gathering the unit, every gathers the unit and includes through-hole and recess, recess and through-hole intercommunication in the same gas collecting layer, the recess is the non-through groove, and the recess sets up around the through-hole, the shape of recess sets up to enable the coolant to the shape that this gas collecting layer's center assembled, the through-hole in each gas collecting layer is the through-hole that can link up this gas collecting layer along length direction, and the through-hole intercommunication each other in the different gas collecting layers, the through-hole in the gas collecting layer of the later gas collecting layer gathers the position of through-hole in the unit than the gas collecting layer of the preceding gas collecting layer gathers the position of through-hole more near the axis of gas collecting layer subassembly. Through the structure, the coolant can be finally converged to the central axis position of the gas collecting layer assembly.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the gas collecting layer assembly includes three gas collecting layers, that is, a first gas collecting layer 10, a second gas collecting layer 11, and a third gas collecting layer 12, where the first gas collecting layer 10, the second gas collecting layer 11, and the third gas collecting layer 12 are sequentially disposed and attached in a direction away from the core, and the hexagonal prism blocks in the first gas collecting layer 10, the second gas collecting layer 11, and the third gas collecting layer 12 are respectively a first hexagonal prism block, a second hexagonal prism block, and a third hexagonal prism block. Correspondingly, the convergence structure comprises three convergence units, namely a first convergence unit, a second convergence unit and a third convergence unit, which are respectively arranged in the first gas collecting layer 10, the second gas collecting layer 11 and the third gas collecting layer 12.

As shown in fig. 3, at one side of the first gas collecting layer 10 near the core, the number of the first convergence units is equal to that of the first hexagonal blocks, and one first convergence unit is provided in each of the first hexagonal blocks, each first convergence unit includes a first through hole 105 and a plurality of radial grooves 110, the first through hole 105 is provided at the center of the first hexagonal block and penetrates the first hexagonal block from the length direction, the plurality of radial grooves 110 are provided around the first through hole 105 in the first hexagonal block, and one end of each radial groove 110 communicates with the first through hole 105, the other end extends outward (edge of the first hexagonal block), and the radial grooves 110 do not penetrate the first hexagonal block.

In this embodiment, six radial grooves 110 are disposed on each first hexagonal prism block, the cross-sectional shape of each radial groove 110 is a bent shape, in this embodiment, V-shape, and the six radial grooves 110 are uniformly distributed around the through hole along the circumferential direction of the first hexagonal prism block, so as to enlarge the contact area between the side of the first gas collecting layer 10 near the core and the coolant, that is, enlarge the area of the coolant inflow end.

As shown in fig. 4, for the side of the first gas collecting layer 10 away from the core, only the first through holes 105 are provided on each hexagonal block for reducing the area of the coolant outflow end of the first gas collecting layer 10, thereby achieving the effect of converging the coolant.

The coolant flowing through the core flows in from the radial grooves 110 of the first gas collecting layer 10 and the input ends of the first through holes 105, is collected in the first through holes 105, and flows out from the output ends of the first through holes 105, thereby completing the first collection of the coolant.

As shown in fig. 5, on the side of the second gas collecting layer 11 near the first gas collecting layer 10, the second collecting unit includes a second through hole 106 and a first connection groove 111, the second through hole 106 is provided at the center of the second hexagonal block, and the second through hole 106 is provided only on the second hexagonal block 119 located at the center area (the second hexagonal block 101 located at the outermost layer is not provided with the second through hole 106), specifically, the second through hole 106 corresponds in position to a part of the first through hole 105 (the first through hole 105 located at the middle position) and communicates with each other, the first connection groove 111 is a linear groove, the first connection groove 111 is provided on the second hexagonal block located outside the center area (i.e., the second hexagonal block 101 located at the outermost layer), and the first connection groove 111 does not penetrate the second hexagonal block, and the second hexagonal block located outside the center area communicates with the second through hole 106 through the first connection groove 111.

As shown in fig. 6, on the side of the second gas collecting layer 11 far from the first gas collecting layer 10, only the second hexagonal block 119 located in the central area is provided with the second through hole 106, the coolant from the first gas collecting layer 10 flows in from the input end of the second through hole 106 and the first connection groove 111, and after converging in the second through hole 106, flows out from the output end of the second through hole 106, thereby completing the second convergence of the coolant, which makes the coolant closer to the central axis of the gas collecting layer assembly than the first convergence.

In the present embodiment, the third convergence unit includes a third through hole 107, a fourth through hole 108, a convergence hole 116, an annular groove 113, a second connection groove 112, a third connection groove 114, and a fourth connection groove 115.

As shown in fig. 7, on one side of the third gas collecting layer 12 near the second gas collecting layer 11, third hexagonal blocks 102 located at the outermost layer of the third gas collecting layer 12 correspond in position to the second hexagonal blocks 101 located at the outermost layer of the central region of the second gas collecting layer 11, third through holes 107 are provided at the centers of the third hexagonal blocks 103 located at the inner layer of the outermost layer of the third gas collecting layer 12, specifically, each layer of third hexagonal blocks constitutes a hexagonal ring structure, and third through holes 107 are provided at intervals on the layer of third hexagonal blocks, that is, along the sides of the hexagon constituted by them, annular grooves 113 are provided along the circumferences of the layer of third hexagonal blocks, and annular grooves 113 connect sequentially the centers of the plurality of third hexagonal blocks of the layer (including the third through holes 107 and the third hexagonal blocks not provided with the third through holes 107) to communicate the plurality of third through holes 107 with each other and communicate the third hexagonal blocks of the layer not provided with the third through holes 107. The second connecting groove 112 is arranged on the third hexagonal prism layer outside the annular groove 113 (namely, the third hexagonal prism block 102 on the outermost layer of the third gas-collecting layer 12), the third hexagonal prism block 102 on the outermost layer of the third gas-collecting layer 12 is communicated with the third through hole 107 or the annular groove 113 through the second connecting groove 112, the second connecting groove 112 is linear, the fourth through hole 108 is formed on the third hexagonal prism block on the innermost layer (the third hexagonal prism block on the inner layer of the annular groove 113) in the central area of the third gas-collecting layer 12, the fourth through hole 108 is arranged in the center of the third hexagonal prism block on the layer, and the two sides of one side of the layer, which is close to the center of the third gas-collecting layer 12, extend towards the center of the third gas-collecting layer 12 and intersect at the center of the third gas-collecting layer 12 to form a closed structure in the annular area surrounded by the fourth through holes 108.

As shown in fig. 8, on the side of the third gas collecting layer 12 away from the second gas collecting layer 11, a converging hole 116 is provided at the center of the third hexagonal block 104 located at the innermost layer of the center region (the inside of the annular region surrounded by the plurality of fourth holes 108 forms a closed structure), the converging hole 116 does not penetrate the third hexagonal block, the output end of the third through hole 107 communicates with the output end of the fourth through hole 108 through a third connecting groove 114, the output end of the fourth through hole 108 communicates with the converging hole 116 through a fourth connecting groove 115, the third connecting groove 114 and the fourth connecting groove 115 are all linear, and do not penetrate the third gas collecting layer 12, and the third through hole 107, the fourth through hole 108, the third connecting groove 114, the fourth connecting groove 115, and the converging hole 116 together form a snowflake shape.

The coolant from the second gas collecting layer 11 flows in from the input ends of the third through hole 107 and the fourth through hole 108, the second connecting groove 112 and the annular groove 113, and flows out from the output ends of the third through hole 107 and the fourth through hole 108 after converging to the third through hole 107 and the fourth through hole 108, and finally converges to the converging hole 116 along the third connecting groove 114 and the fourth connecting groove 115, thereby completing the third convergence of the coolant, and after the third convergence, the coolant can be effectively converged within the diameter range of the third through hole 107.

In this embodiment, the reflection layer assembly includes a first reflection layer 8 and a second reflection layer 9, the second reflection layer 9 is disposed along a transverse direction, an annular shell structure is formed, a first cavity is formed inside the annular shell structure, the first reflection layer 8 is formed by splicing a plurality of fourth hexagonal prism blocks, the first reflection layer 8 is disposed inside the second reflection layer 9 and is disposed on two sides of the horizontal reactor core opposite to the gas collecting layer assembly, the first gas collecting layer 10 and the second gas collecting layer 11 are disposed inside the second reflection layer 9, the shapes of the first gas collecting layer 10, the second gas collecting layer 11 and the first reflection layer 8 are adapted to the shape of the first cavity, so that the outer walls of the first gas collecting layer 10, the second gas collecting layer 11 and the first reflection layer 8 can be completely attached to the inner wall of the second reflection layer 9, and inner holes along the axial direction of the first cavity are formed on the fourth hexagonal prism blocks of the first reflection layer 8 for cooling agent circulation. Specifically, the first reflecting layer 8 and the second reflecting layer 9 are used for reflecting neutrons back to the reactor core, so as to improve the utilization rate of neutrons.

In this embodiment, the second reflective layer 9 is a cylindrical shell structure, and the second reflective layer 9 is provided with a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of second reflective layers 9 are sequentially arranged in the lateral direction to form a cylindrical shell structure together. Specifically, the second reflecting layers 9 are provided with five groups, each group of second reflecting layers 9 is sequentially attached and arranged along the transverse direction, wherein each group of second reflecting layers 9 is formed by splicing a plurality of identical sector blocks along the circumferential direction, and two adjacent groups of reflecting layers are attached and arranged in a staggered manner to form a seam riding structure so as to enhance the stability of the structure. Specifically, the connection gap between the two segments of the second reflective layer 9 in the former group is staggered with the connection gap between the two segments of the second reflective layer 9 in the latter group, similar to the staggered brick joints of each layer when building a wall, so as to ensure the stability of the whole structure. In this embodiment, the first, third and fifth layers of the second reflective layer 9 are aligned with each other, and the second and fourth layers are aligned with each other.

As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment, in the same group of second reflecting layers 9, a first key groove 17 is provided on a side surface of one sector, a corresponding first protrusion is provided on another sector adjacent to the first key groove 17, the first protrusion is engaged with the first key groove 17 so as to prevent the second reflecting layer 9 from moving in a direction away from the central axis of the first cavity, a second key groove 18 is provided between bottoms of two adjacent sectors of the same group of second reflecting layers 9, a corresponding second protrusion is provided on an inner wall of the pressure vessel, and the second protrusion is engaged with the second key groove 18 so as to prevent the internal member from rotating in the pressure vessel.

In this embodiment, since a small amount of neutrons will leak out of the reflective layer assembly, the heat shield layer assembly is used to absorb the leaked neutrons in addition to heat preservation, and prevent the external metal components from being damaged due to the irradiation of neutrons. The heat insulation shielding layer assembly comprises a first heat insulation shielding layer 3, a second heat insulation shielding layer 4 and a third heat insulation shielding layer 5, wherein the first heat insulation shielding layer 3 is attached to the outer end face of the second reflecting layer 9, which is far away from the gas collecting layer assembly, and the second heat insulation shielding layer 4 is arranged outside the first heat insulation shielding layer 3 in a surrounding mode, the first heat insulation shielding layer 3 is attached to the outer end face of the first reflecting layer 8, the second heat insulation shielding layer 4 is attached to the outer end face of the second reflecting layer 9, and the third heat insulation shielding layer 5 is of a cylindrical shell structure which is matched with the second reflecting layer 9 and is attached to the outer wall of the second reflecting layer 9.

In this embodiment, the first heat insulating layer 3 is formed by splicing a plurality of fifth hexagonal prism blocks, and each of the fifth hexagonal prism blocks is provided with an inner hole for coolant circulation along the axial direction of the first cavity, the second heat insulating layer 4 is an annular structure formed by splicing a plurality of sector blocks along the circumferential direction, the third heat insulating layer 5 adopts a cylindrical shell structure adapted to the second reflecting layer 9, and a second key groove 18 identical to the second reflecting layer 9 is provided between two adjacent sector blocks of the second heat insulating layer 4.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the heat shielding layer assembly further includes a fourth heat shielding layer 13 and a fifth heat shielding layer 14, the fifth heat shielding layer 14 is disposed at an end portion of the second reflecting layer 9 and is attached to an outer end surface of an end of the second reflecting layer 9 away from the first reflecting layer 8, a second cavity is formed inside the second heat shielding layer, the first cavity and the second cavity are mutually communicated, a diameter of the second cavity is smaller than a diameter of the first cavity, the third air collecting layer 12 and the fourth heat shielding layer 13 are disposed in the second cavity, and the fourth heat shielding layer 13 is disposed outside the third air collecting layer 12; the shape of the third gas collecting layer 12 and the shape of the fourth heat insulating layer 13 are matched with the shape of the second cavity, the outer walls of the third gas collecting layer 12 and the fourth heat insulating layer 13 are attached to the inner wall of the fifth heat insulating layer 14, and one side of the third gas collecting layer 12 away from the second gas collecting layer 11 is attached to the fourth heat insulating layer 13.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the fifth heat insulation layer 14 is an annular structure formed by splicing a plurality of sector blocks, the fourth heat insulation layer 13 is formed by splicing a plurality of sixth hexagonal prism blocks, a fifth through hole 109 is arranged in the center of the fourth heat insulation layer 13, the diameter of one side of the fifth through hole 109 close to the third air collection layer 12 is smaller than the diameter of one side of the fifth through hole close to the third air collection layer 12, which is far away from the third air collection layer 12, and the diameter of one side of the fifth through hole 109 close to the third air collection layer 12 is the same as the diameter of the convergence hole 116, the convergence hole 116 is communicated with the fifth through hole 109, and the coolant flows out of the fifth through hole 109 after being converged into the convergence hole 116.

In the embodiment, the gas collecting layer component and the reflecting layer component are formed by stacking hexagonal prism graphite blocks, and the gas collecting layer component and the reflecting layer component have the characteristic of stable structure. The gas collecting layer assembly gathers the coolant to the central axis attachment of the first cavity, and finally only needs to be led out outwards along the fifth through hole 109, so that hundreds of pore channels do not need to be formed for discharging the coolant.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the in-pile member further includes a fixing plate 15, the outer diameter of the fixing plate 15 is larger than the diameter of the fifth heat insulating layer 14, the fifth heat insulating layer 14 is fixed on the fixing plate 15, a plurality of waist holes are formed in the circumference of the fixing plate 15 outside the fifth heat insulating layer 14 at intervals, the air collecting layer assembly further includes an air discharging unit 16, the air discharging unit 16 includes a first air discharging pipe and a second air discharging pipe, the first air discharging pipe is arranged in the fifth through hole 109, the second air discharging pipe is located inside the first air discharging pipe and is concentrically arranged with the first air discharging pipe, the diameter of the second air discharging pipe is smaller than the first air discharging pipe, and an annular gap is formed between the first air discharging pipe and the second air discharging pipe. The annular gap is closed near one end of the fourth heat insulating layer 13, the coolant flowing out of the fifth through hole 109 can only flow in from the input end of the second exhaust pipe to flow to the external heat exchange component, the annular gap is opened near one end of the heat exchange component, and an opening is arranged on the pipe wall of the first exhaust pipe, and is positioned on one side of the fixing plate 15 far away from the fourth heat insulating layer 13, so that the coolant after heat exchange flows to the opening of the first exhaust pipe along the annular gap, flows out to the inside of the pressure container along the opening, flows to the edge position of the fixing plate 15, flows out of the third heat insulating layer 5 along the waist hole of the fixing plate 15, and finally flows into the first cavity through the inner hole of the first heat insulating layer 3 and the inner hole of the first reflecting layer 8, thereby completing the recycling of the coolant.

In this embodiment, the in-stack member further includes a control rod passage including a sixth through hole and a seventh through hole, the sixth through hole being provided on the second heat insulating layer 4, the seventh through hole being provided on the plurality of second reflection layers 9, the sixth through hole and the seventh through hole being communicated with each other to form the control rod passage.

In this embodiment, the internals further comprise a compression assembly comprising radial compression units 6.

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the radial pressing unit 6 and the first pressing plate 61 include a flange 64, a pressing mechanism, and the flange 64 is inserted into the pressure vessel housing 69, and the insertion end of the flange 64 penetrates through the pressure vessel housing 69, and in this embodiment, a specific connection manner thereof is welding, so as to ensure tightness of the interior thereof. The flange 64 middle part is equipped with the mounting hole, hold-down mechanism includes first hold-down spring 66, first clamp block 65, second clamp block 67 and compression adjustment nut 68, second clamp block 67, first clamp block 65 top-down crimping in proper order sets up in the mounting hole, and second clamp block 67, the diameter of first clamp block 65 cooperatees with the aperture of the mounting hole of flange 64, in order to guarantee that second clamp block 67 and first clamp block 65 can slide along the axial of mounting hole, compression adjustment nut 68 and mounting hole threaded connection, first clamp spring 66 presss from both sides locates between first clamp block 65 and the second clamp block 67, the one end of first clamp spring 66 offsets with second clamp block 67, the other end offsets with first clamp block 65, the lower part of first clamp block 65 stretches out from the mounting hole, and be connected with one side in the radial direction of first clamp plate 61, in order to be used for compressing tightly first clamp plate 61, the radial opposite side of first clamp plate 61 contacts with the outer wall of reflector assembly, be used for compressing tightly third heat shield layer 5 and second heat shield layer 9 under the effect of first clamp block 65, thereby guarantee radial high temperature gas-cooled pile structure.

In the present embodiment, the radial packing unit 6 further includes a flange cover 63 and a fastening member, the head end of the flange 64 is disposed outside the pressure vessel shell 69, the flange cover 63 is disposed on the head end of the flange 64, the lower end face thereof is in contact with the upper end face of the packing adjustment nut 68, and the fastening member is used for fixing the flange cover 63 on the flange 64.

In this embodiment, the fastening component is the bolt 62, the periphery of flange 64 mounting hole is equipped with a plurality of circumference first bolt holes that the interval set up, and similarly, be equipped with on the flange lid 63 with the corresponding second bolt hole on the flange 64, a plurality of bolts 62 pass the second bolt hole on the flange lid 63 and the first bolt hole on the flange 64 in proper order to fasten the flange lid 63 on the flange 64, after flange lid 63 and flange 64 bolted connection, increase the seal welding at the outer lane of both again, and increase the seal welding between bolt 62 and flange lid 63, thereby can strengthen the inside leakproofness of horizontal high temperature gas cooled pile.

Further, a sealing ring can be further arranged between the flange cover 63 and the flange 64, so as to further enhance the tightness of the inside of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor and prevent neutron leakage of the inside of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor.

In this embodiment, the first compression block 65 is hinged to the first compression plate 61, since the shape of the first compression plate 61 is circular arc, the third heat insulation layer 5 is in a cylindrical structure, the circular arc convex side of the first compression plate 61 is hinged to the lower end of the first compression block 65, the circular arc concave side of the first compression plate 61 is in contact with the cylindrical side surface of the reflective layer assembly, the first compression block 65 is hinged to the first compression plate 61, and the first compression block 65 and the first compression plate 61 can be self-adaptively rotated in the compression process, so that the first compression plate 61 is more easily attached to the side surface of the carbon brick layer.

As shown in fig. 11, the diameter of the upper half of the mounting hole of the flange 64 is slightly larger than that of the lower half, and the diameter of the compression adjustment nut 68 is the same as that of the upper half of the mounting hole, and the diameters of the first compression block 65 and the second compression block 67 are the same as that of the lower half of the mounting hole, wherein the inner wall of the upper half of the mounting hole of the flange 64 is provided with an inner thread, and the outer wall of the compression adjustment nut 68 is provided with an outer thread matched with the inner thread.

In this embodiment, the top of the first compression block 65 and the bottom of the second compression block 67 are respectively provided with a first groove and a second groove, the sizes of the first groove and the second groove are the same, and the first groove and the second groove are oppositely arranged, the top end of the first compression spring 66 is connected in the second groove, and the bottom end of the first compression spring 66 is connected in the first groove.

In this embodiment, the first compression spring 66 is a disc spring, and the compression adjustment nut 68 is an intelligent nut capable of displaying the compression force. Since the pressure of the first compression spring 66 is related to the compression length of the first compression spring 66, the compression length of the first compression spring 66 is set as a set value, when the compression adjustment nut 68 is rotated, the compression adjustment nut 68 pushes the first compression spring 66 to move downward, and when the compression length of the first compression spring 66 reaches its set value, the compression force of the first compression spring 66 on the first compression plate 61 is a preset compression force, at this time, the rotation of the compression adjustment nut 68 is stopped so that the first compression spring 66 is in an optimal compression state.

In the present embodiment, the radial pressing unit 6 is installed as follows:

first, the insertion end of the flange 64 is passed through the pressure vessel shell 69, and welded to the pressure vessel shell 69,

the two ends of the first compression spring 66 are connected with the second groove at the lower end of the second compression block 67 and the first groove at the upper end of the first compression block 65, and then are placed into the mounting hole of the flange 64,

the first pressing block 65 is connected with the first pressing plate 61,

the compression adjusting nut 68 is put into the mounting hole, the compression adjusting nut 68 is screwed along the axial screw thread of the mounting hole, so that the compression adjusting nut compresses the second compression block 67 below, the first compression spring 66 is further compressed, the first compression plate 61 compresses the reflecting layer assembly below,

finally, according to the actual installation position of the compression adjustment nut 68, the flange cover 63 is adjusted so that one side of the flange cover 63 is closely attached to the upper end of the compression adjustment nut 68, the flange cover 63 is connected to the flange 64 by the bolts 62, and then the flange cover 63 is sealed and welded to the flange 64.

In the present embodiment, the radial pressing unit 6 operates as follows:

when the reactor is operated, the temperature of the reactor is continuously raised to the operating temperature (including the whole operating life period), the pressure vessel shell 69 generates displacement along the radial direction which is larger than that of the reflecting layer assembly and the heat insulation shielding layer assembly, the bolts 62, the flange covers 63, the flanges 64, the second compression blocks 67 and the compression adjusting nuts 68 are far away from the reflecting layer assembly and the heat insulation shielding layer assembly along the radial direction along with the pressure vessel shell 69, at the moment, the elastic potential energy stored by the first compression springs 66 is released, the compression amount is reduced, and a certain residual compression force is still maintained, under the action of the residual compression force, the first compression blocks 65 and the first compression plates 61 can still be tightly attached to the reflecting layer assembly, so that the reflecting layer assembly and the heat insulation shielding layer assembly maintain the shape of a cylindrical cavity, and leakage of a cooling agent along a gap is reduced, and the reactor is enabled to normally operate. When the reactor is subjected to maintenance or refueling operations, the temperature of the reactor is reduced, and the radial compacting unit 6 changes in contrast to the reactor operating process, and the compacting function is maintained.

In this embodiment, the radial compression unit 6 is provided with the first compression spring 66 between the first compression block 65 and the second compression block 67, and in the high temperature state, since the materials of the reflective layer assembly, the heat insulation shielding layer assembly and the pressure vessel shell 69 are different, the deformation amount along the radial direction of the reflective layer assembly, the heat insulation shielding layer assembly and the pressure vessel shell 69 are also different, and the first compression spring reduces the compression amount and releases the elastic potential energy, so that the reflective layer assembly and the heat insulation shielding layer assembly can be compressed by the first compression plate 61 all the time, the radial structural stability of the high temperature gas cooled reactor is effectively ensured, and meanwhile, the gap between the reflective layer assembly and the heat insulation shielding layer assembly in the axial direction and the circumferential direction is avoided, and the loss of the coolant inside the reactor core is reduced to the greatest extent.

As shown in fig. 13, the compression assembly further includes an axial compression unit 1, the axial compression unit 1 includes a support column 21 and a support plate 22, the support column 21 is cylindrical, one end of the support column 21 is fixedly connected with the support plate 22, the other end of the support column abuts against the pressure vessel sealing head, the second compression plate 27 is disposed opposite to the support plate 22 in parallel and is located at one side of the support plate 22 far away from the support column 21, the second compression plate 27 is used for axially compressing the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor, and the second compression plate 27 contacts with the first heat insulation shielding layer 3, the elastic mechanism includes a guide column 24 and a second compression spring 25, the guide column 24 is cylindrical, a circular guide hole is formed in the support plate 22, one end of the guide column 24 is fixedly arranged on the second compression plate 27, the other end of the guide column 24 passes through the guide hole in the support plate 22, the second compression spring 25 is sleeved on the guide column 24, the support plate 22 and the second compression plate 27 are both disposed in the pressure vessel housing 69, the pressure vessel housing 69 is used for sealing the open end of the pressure vessel housing 69, and when the pressure vessel is abutted against the pressure vessel housing 69, the second compression plate 22 is in a state of being compressed against the second heat shielding layer 27, and the second compression plate 22 is in a state of compression state of the compression plate 27 respectively.

As shown in fig. 14, in the present embodiment, the axial compression unit 1 further includes a guide mechanism including a first guide cylinder 23 and a second guide cylinder 26, the first guide cylinder 23 being fixedly mounted on the support plate 22 at a position corresponding to the guide hole, specifically, the first guide cylinder 23 being provided on the side of the support plate 22 opposite to the second compression plate 27, and the first guide cylinder 23 being in communication with the guide hole; the second guide cylinder 26 is fixedly installed on the second pressing plate 27 at a position corresponding to the first guide cylinder 23, one end of the guide post 24 is positioned in the second guide cylinder 26, the other end passes through the first guide cylinder 23, and the end thereof passes through the guide hole so that the support plate 22 can linearly slide along the length direction of the guide post 24.

Specifically, the diameters of the first guide cylinder 23 and the second guide cylinder 26 are the same, the diameters of the first guide cylinder 23 and the second guide cylinder 26 are larger than the diameter of the guide column 24, two ends of the second compression spring 25 are respectively arranged in the first guide cylinder 23 and the second guide cylinder 26, the first guide cylinder 23 and the second guide cylinder 26 are used for guiding the second compression spring 25, movement of two ends of the second compression spring 25 is limited, the second compression spring 25 is prevented from outwards shifting, and the influence on the elastic acting force of the second compression spring 25 is avoided.

Optionally, the supporting mechanism further includes a plurality of reinforcing ribs, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs are disposed at the connection portion between the supporting column 21 and the supporting plate 22 at intervals. In this embodiment, the reinforcing ribs are triangular, and three reinforcing ribs are specifically distributed uniformly along the circumferential direction of the support column 21 at intervals, so as to increase the structural strength of the connection part between the support column 21 and the support plate 22.

In this embodiment, the second compacting plate 27 adopts a cavity structure, the cavity structure is hollow, and a neutron absorbing material is arranged in the cavity, specifically, the neutron absorbing material is preferably boron carbide, so as to further absorb neutrons and reduce the activation of the neutrons on peripheral equipment.

In this embodiment, the second compacting plate 27 is provided with a plurality of perforations for the coolant to circulate, the perforations are uniformly distributed on the second compacting plate 27, and the shape and size of the perforated channels can be optimized according to the design of the thermodynamic force, so that the coolant has an optimal flowing state, as shown in fig. 1, the coolant enters from the side of the axial compacting unit 1, and sequentially enters the first heat-insulating cover layer 3 and the first reflecting layer 8 along the support column 21, the support plate 22 and the second compacting plate 27, and further cools the core inside the first cavity.

As shown in fig. 15, in the present embodiment, the shapes of the support plate 22 and the second pressing plate 27 are multi-toothed, specifically, the number of teeth of the support plate 22 and the second pressing plate 27 is six, and the support plate 22 and the second pressing plate 27 can be made to splice with each other by using such shapes and numbers, so that the same shape as the entire first heat shielding layer 3 can be obtained, and the plurality of second pressing plates 27 can be entirely covered to the entire first heat shielding layer 3.

In this embodiment, the guide post 24, the second guide cylinder 26, the second compression spring 25 and the second compression plate 27 may be designed as an integrated structure, so that the guide post 24 and the support plate 22 can be conveniently assembled and disassembled by using a special tool, and the second compression spring 25 is convenient to overhaul. The support plate 22 and the support column 21 may be of an integral structure or a separate structure, and the support plate 22 may be designed in a shape similar to a head of a pressure vessel, and may function to guide the flow of coolant.

In the present embodiment, the axial compression unit 1 operates as follows:

when the reactor is in a cold state, after the installation of the internal components in the reactor is completed, the pressure vessel seal head is installed, because the axial compression unit 1 is fixed on the pressure vessel seal head through the support column 21, when the pressure vessel seal head is in butt joint with the pressure vessel shell 69, the second compression spring is compressed, the second compression spring 25 can only deform along the axial direction under the guidance of the guide column 24, the first guide cylinder 23 and the second guide cylinder 26, so that the internal components are compressed along the axial direction under the compression force of the second compression spring 25,

When the reactor is in operation, the temperature in the reactor is continuously increased, the pressure vessel shell 69 in the reactor drives the axial compression assembly to be far away from the first heat insulation layer 3 along the axial direction, the structure of the components in the reactor tends to be loose, the compression amount of the second compression spring 25 is reduced, the second compression spring is elongated, a certain residual compression force can still be ensured, and the second compression plate 27 can still be tightly attached to the first heat insulation layer 3 under the action of the residual compression force, so that the shape integrity of the components in the reactor is maintained, the leakage of the coolant along the axial gap is reduced, and the normal operation of the reactor is further maintained.

In this embodiment, the axial compression unit 1 effectively solves the problem that the expansion coefficients of the metal and the material of the components in the reactor are different at high temperature by arranging the guide post 24 and the second compression spring 25 between the support plate 22 and the second compression plate 27, and when the second compression spring 25 operates in the reactor, the support plate 22 slides linearly along the guide post 24 and the second compression spring 25 stretches to reduce the compression amount when the deformation amount of the metal material is greater than that of the components in the reactor, so that the difference between the metal material and the deformation amount of the components in the reactor is eliminated, and the residual compression force of the second compression spring 25 can still ensure that the second compression plate 27 always compresses the first heat insulation layer 3, so as to maintain the axial structural stability of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor.

The second compacting plate 27 is of a cavity structure with an inner cavity, and the inside of the cavity is filled with boron carbide neutron absorbing material, so that the activation of neutrons to peripheral equipment can be reduced; the axial compression assembly can ensure that the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor maintains smaller gaps among layers in the axial direction, so that leakage of coolant from the layers in the axial direction of the reactor core can be reduced to the greatest extent.

In this embodiment, the materials of the first reflecting layer 8, the second reflecting layer 9, the first gas collecting layer 10 and the second gas collecting layer 11 are all nuclear graphite; the materials of the first heat insulating layer 3, the second heat insulating layer 4, the third heat insulating layer 5, the fourth heat insulating layer 13, the fifth heat insulating layer 14 and the third gas collecting layer 12 are boron-containing carbon, are positioned outside the reflecting layer assembly, are tightly attached to the reflecting layer assembly under the action of the axial compression assembly and the radial compression assembly, and wrap the reflecting layer assembly.

The horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor internals in the embodiment are transversely arranged, so that the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor internals can be suitable for a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor, the dimension of a vertical reactor in the height direction is effectively reduced, the function of vehicle-mounted transportation is realized, the center of the reactor is reduced, and the risk brought by an earthquake is reduced. In order to solve the problems of unstable supporting structure of the gas collecting cavity and the supporting column of the vertical reactor and the problem of coolant convergence in the prior art, a three-layer convergence structure consisting of a plurality of graphite bricks is used, high-temperature coolant flowing out of an active region of the reactor is converged layer by layer to the center, and then the high-temperature coolant is led out of the reactor from an exhaust pipe. The inner member is a nonmetallic structure composed of a graphite reflecting layer and a boron-containing carbon layer, and a plurality of graphite blocks and carbon blocks are piled up to form a cavity with a cylindrical outer contour to surround a reactor core. The axial compression assembly is arranged, so that the influence of horizontal axial acceleration on the shape integrity of the reactor core can be effectively reduced in the vehicle-mounted transportation and normal operation process, the cylindrical cavity and the core can be axially compressed, and the expansion difference between a metal structure and a nonmetal structure caused by high temperature can be compensated. The radial compression assembly is arranged, so that the influence of acceleration in the horizontal lateral direction and the vertical direction on the shape integrity of a reactor core in the vehicle-mounted transportation and normal operation process can be effectively reduced, the cylindrical cavity can be radially compressed, the structure of the cylindrical cavity is maintained, and meanwhile, the expansion difference between a metal structure and a non-metal structural part caused by high temperature can be compensated.

Example 2

The embodiment discloses a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor, which comprises a pressure vessel and a reactor core, wherein the pressure vessel comprises a pressure vessel shell 69 and a pressure vessel end socket, and further comprises an inner member of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in embodiment 1, the inner member of the reactor is arranged in the pressure vessel shell 69, and one end of a supporting column 21 is fixedly supported on the pressure vessel end socket.

In this embodiment, the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor comprises a cylindrical pressure vessel shell 69, one end of the cylindrical pressure vessel shell is an open end, a pressure vessel end enclosure is used for closing the open end of the pressure vessel, the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor is transversely arranged, and the diameter of a component in the reactor is smaller than that of the pressure vessel shell 69.

The horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in the embodiment adopts a horizontal structure for the first time, so that the dimension of the vertical reactor in the height direction is effectively reduced, the function of vehicle-mounted transportation is realized, the center of the reactor is reduced, and the risk brought by an earthquake is reduced.

It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the application of the principles of the present invention, but not in limitation thereof. Various modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internal component is characterized in that the internal component is transversely arranged and comprises a reflecting layer component, a heat insulation shielding layer component and a gas collecting layer component,

the reflecting layer assembly is transversely arranged, a first cavity is formed in the reflecting layer assembly, and the reactor core is accommodated in the first cavity;

the gas collecting layer assembly is arranged at one side of the reactor core, a converging structure is arranged in the gas collecting layer assembly and is used for converging the coolant flowing through the reactor core towards the central axis direction of the gas collecting layer assembly,

the heat insulation shielding layer assembly is sleeved outside the reflecting layer assembly and the gas collecting layer assembly.

2. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 1, wherein the gas collecting layer assembly comprises N gas collecting layers, each gas collecting layer being sequentially arranged in a direction gradually away from the core, N being a positive integer,

each gas collecting layer is formed by splicing a plurality of hexagonal prism blocks, the converging structure comprises N converging units respectively arranged in N gas collecting layers,

each converging unit comprises a through hole and a groove, the grooves in the same gas collecting layer are communicated with the through hole, the grooves are non-through grooves, the grooves are arranged around the through holes, the grooves are shaped to enable the coolant to converge towards the center of the gas collecting layer,

The through holes in different gas collecting layers are communicated with each other, and the through holes in the converging units of the latter gas collecting layer are closer to the central axis of the gas collecting layer assembly than the through holes in the converging units of the former gas collecting layer.

3. The horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 2, wherein the gas collecting layer assembly comprises three gas collecting layers, namely a first gas collecting layer (10), a second gas collecting layer (11) and a third gas collecting layer (12), the first gas collecting layer (10), the second gas collecting layer (11) and the third gas collecting layer (12) are sequentially arranged and attached along the direction away from the reactor core, the hexagonal prism blocks in the first gas collecting layer (10), the second gas collecting layer (11) and the third gas collecting layer (12) are respectively a first hexagonal prism block, a second hexagonal prism block and a third hexagonal prism block,

correspondingly, the convergent structure comprises three convergent units, namely a first convergent unit, a second convergent unit and a third convergent unit, which are respectively arranged in a first gas collecting layer (10), a second gas collecting layer (11) and a third gas collecting layer (12),

the number of the first convergence units is equal to that of the first hexagonal prism blocks, one first convergence unit is arranged in each first hexagonal prism block,

Each first convergence unit comprises a first through hole (105) and a plurality of radial grooves (110), the first through hole (105) is arranged at the center of the first hexagonal prism block, the plurality of radial grooves (110) are arranged around the first through hole (105) in the first hexagonal prism block, one end of each radial groove (110) is communicated with the first through hole (105), the other end of each radial groove extends outwards, the radial grooves (110) do not penetrate through the first hexagonal prism block, so that the coolant flowing out of the reactor core flows in from the radial grooves (110) of the first gas collecting layer (10) and the input end of the first through hole (105) and finally converges in the first through hole (105), and flows out from the output end of the first through hole (105), thereby completing the first convergence of the coolant,

the second converging unit comprises a second through hole (106) and a first connecting groove (111), the second through hole (106) is arranged at the center of the second hexagonal prism block, the second through hole (106) is arranged on the second hexagonal prism block positioned in the center area, the second through hole (106) is communicated with the first through hole (105), the first connecting groove (111) is arranged on the second hexagonal prism block positioned outside the center area, the first connecting groove (111) does not penetrate through the second hexagonal prism block, the second hexagonal prism block positioned outside the center area is communicated with the second through hole (106) through the first connecting groove (111) so that the coolant from the first gas collecting layer (10) flows in from the input end of the second through hole (106) and the first connecting groove (111), flows out from the output end of the second through hole (106) after converging to the second through hole (106), and thus the second converging of the coolant is completed,

The third convergence unit comprises a third through hole (107), a fourth through hole (108), a convergence hole (116), an annular groove (113), a second connecting groove (112), a third connecting groove (114) and a fourth connecting groove (115),

on one side of the third gas collecting layer (12) close to the second gas collecting layer (11), third hexagonal prism blocks (102) positioned on the outermost layer of the third gas collecting layer (12) are corresponding to second hexagonal prism blocks (101) positioned on the outermost layer of the central area of the second gas collecting layer (11) in position, third through holes (107) are formed in the center of third hexagonal prism blocks (103) positioned on the inner side layer of the outermost layer of the third gas collecting layer (12), third through holes (107) are formed in the third hexagonal prism blocks at intervals, annular grooves (113) are formed in the circumferential direction of the third hexagonal prism blocks of the layer so as to enable a plurality of third through holes (107) to be communicated with each other, second connecting grooves (112) are formed in the third hexagonal prism layers outside the annular grooves (113), third hexagonal prism blocks (102) positioned on the outermost layer of the third gas collecting layer (12) are communicated with the third through holes (107) or the annular grooves (113) through the second connecting grooves (112), and third through holes (108) are formed in the sixth prism blocks positioned on the central area of the third gas collecting layer (12), and the third through holes (108) are formed in the central area of the fourth hexagonal prism blocks;

On one side of the third gas collecting layer (12) far away from the second gas collecting layer (11), the center of the third hexagonal prism block (104) positioned at the innermost layer of the center area is provided with a converging hole (116), the converging hole (116) does not penetrate through the third hexagonal prism block, the output end of the third through hole (107) is communicated with the output end of the fourth through hole (108) through a third connecting groove (114), the output end of the fourth through hole (108) is communicated with the converging hole (116) through a fourth connecting groove (115), and the coolant from the second gas collecting layer (11) flows in from the input end of the third through hole (107) and the fourth through hole (108) and the second connecting groove (112) and the annular groove (113), flows out from the output end of the third through hole (107) and the fourth through hole (108) after converging to the third through hole (107) and the fourth through hole (108), and finally flows out from the converging hole (116) along the third connecting groove (114) and the fourth connecting groove (115), so that the third converging of the coolant is completed.

4. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 3, wherein the reflective layer assembly comprises a first reflective layer (8) and a second reflective layer (9),

the second reflecting layer (9) is arranged along the transverse direction and forms an annular shell structure, the first cavity is formed inside the second reflecting layer,

The first reflecting layer (8) is formed by splicing a plurality of fourth hexagonal prism blocks, the first reflecting layer (8) is arranged in the second reflecting layer (9) and is arranged on two sides of the reactor core opposite to the gas collecting layer assembly,

the first gas collecting layer (10) and the second gas collecting layer (11) are located inside the second reflective layer (9).

5. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 4, wherein the second reflective layer (9) is a cylindrical shell structure,

the second reflecting layers (9) are provided with a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of second reflecting layers (9) are sequentially arranged along the transverse direction so as to jointly form the cylindrical shell structure.

6. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 4, wherein each group of second reflecting layers (9) is formed by splicing a plurality of sector blocks along the circumferential direction, and two adjacent groups of second reflecting layers (9) are laminated in a staggered manner to form a seam-riding structure.

7. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 6, wherein in the same group of second reflecting layers (9), a first key groove (17) is provided on the side of one segment, a corresponding first projection is provided on the other segment adjacent to the first key groove (17), the first projection is engaged with the first key groove (17) for preventing the second reflecting layer (9) from moving in a direction away from the central axis of the first cavity,

A second key groove (18) is formed between the bottoms of two adjacent sector blocks of the same group of second reflecting layers (9), corresponding second protruding blocks are arranged on the inner wall of the pressure container, and the second protruding blocks are clamped with the second key grooves (18) so as to prevent the rotation of the inner-pile components.

8. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 4 wherein the heat shield assembly comprises a first heat shield (3), a second heat shield (4), a third heat shield (5),

the first heat insulating shielding layer (3) and the second heat insulating shielding layer (4) are attached to the outer end face of the second reflecting layer (9), the second heat insulating shielding layer (4) is arranged outside the first heat insulating shielding layer (3) in a surrounding mode, the first heat insulating shielding layer (3) is attached to the outer end face of the first reflecting layer (8), the second heat insulating shielding layer (4) is attached to the outer end face of the second reflecting layer (9),

the third heat insulation shielding layer (5) is attached to the outer wall of the second reflecting layer (9).

9. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 8, wherein the first heat insulating layer (3) is formed by splicing a plurality of fifth hexagonal prism blocks,

The second heat insulation layer (4) is an annular structure formed by splicing a plurality of sector blocks along the circumferential direction,

the third heat insulation layer (5) adopts a structure matched with the second reflecting layer (9).

10. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 9 wherein the heat shield assembly further comprises a fourth heat shield (13) and a fifth heat shield (14),

the fifth heat insulation layer (14) is arranged at the end part of the second reflecting layer (9) and is attached to the outer end surface of one end of the second reflecting layer (9) far away from the first reflecting layer (8), a second cavity is formed in the fifth heat insulation layer, the first cavity and the second cavity are mutually communicated,

the third gas collecting layer (12) and the fourth heat insulating layer (13) are arranged in the second cavity, the fourth heat insulating layer (13) is arranged on the outer side of the third gas collecting layer (12), and one side, far away from the second gas collecting layer (11), of the third gas collecting layer (12) is attached to the fourth heat insulating layer (13).

11. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 10 wherein the fifth heat shield (14) is a ring structure formed by a plurality of segments spliced together,

the fourth heat insulation layer (13) is formed by splicing a plurality of sixth hexagonal prism blocks, a fifth through hole (109) is formed in the center of the fourth heat insulation layer (13), the diameter of one side, close to the third air collection layer (12), of the fifth through hole (109) is smaller than the diameter of one side, far away from the third air collection layer (12), of the fifth through hole, the diameter of one side, close to the third air collection layer (12), of the fourth heat insulation layer is the same as the diameter of the converging hole (116), and the converging hole (116) is communicated with the fifth through hole (109).

12. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 11, further comprising a fixing plate (15), wherein the outer diameter of the fixing plate (15) is larger than the diameter of the fifth heat insulating layer (14), the fifth heat insulating layer (14) is fixed on the fixing plate (15), a plurality of waist holes are arranged on the circumference of the fixing plate (15) outside the fifth heat insulating layer (14) at intervals,

the gas collecting layer assembly further comprises an exhaust unit (16), the exhaust unit (16) comprises a first exhaust pipe and a second exhaust pipe, the first exhaust pipe is arranged in the fifth through hole (109), the second exhaust pipe is positioned in the first exhaust pipe and is concentric with the first exhaust pipe, the diameter of the second exhaust pipe is smaller than that of the first exhaust pipe, an annular gap is formed between the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe,

the coolant flowing out of the gas collecting layer assembly flows out of the output end of the second exhaust pipe to the external heat exchange assembly, the coolant after heat exchange flows to the edge position of the fixed plate (15) along the annular gap, flows into the pressure vessel outside the third heat insulating layer (5) along the waist hole of the fixed plate (15), and finally enters the first inner cavity through the inner hole of the first heat insulating layer (3) and the inner hole of the first reflecting layer (8), so that the recycling of the coolant is completed.

13. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 12 further comprising a control rod channel including a sixth through hole (117) open on the second heat shield layer (4) and a seventh through hole (118) open on the second reflective layer (9), the sixth through hole (117) and seventh through hole (118) communicating with each other to form a control rod channel.

14. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 1, further comprising a compression assembly,

the compression assembly comprises a radial compression unit (6),

the radial compression unit (6) comprises a flange (64), a compression mechanism and a first compression plate (61),

the flange is inserted on the pressure vessel shell (69), the insertion end of the flange (64) passes through the pressure vessel shell (69), the middle part of the flange (64) is provided with a mounting hole,

the compressing mechanism comprises a first compressing spring (66), a first compressing block (65), a second compressing block (67) and a compressing adjusting nut (68), wherein the compressing adjusting nut (68), the second compressing block (67) and the first compressing block (65) are sequentially arranged in the mounting hole in a compressing manner from top to bottom, the compressing adjusting nut (68) is in threaded connection with the mounting hole, the first compressing spring (66) is clamped between the first compressing block (65) and the second compressing block (67), one end of the first compressing spring (66) is propped against the second compressing block (67), the other end of the first compressing spring is propped against the first compressing block (65),

The lower part of the first pressing block (65) extends out of the mounting hole and is connected with one radial side of the first pressing plate (61) so as to be used for pressing the first pressing plate (61), and the other radial side of the first pressing plate (61) is in contact with the outer wall of the reflecting layer assembly.

15. The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to claim 14, wherein the compression assembly further comprises an axial compression unit (1),

the axial compression unit (1) comprises a supporting mechanism, an elastic mechanism and a second compression plate (27),

the supporting mechanism comprises a supporting column (21) and a supporting plate (22),

one end of the supporting column (21) is fixedly connected with the supporting plate (22), the other end of the supporting column is propped against the pressure vessel sealing head,

the second pressing plate (27) is arranged in parallel and opposite to the supporting plate (22) and is positioned on one side of the supporting plate (22) away from the supporting column (21), the second pressing plate (27) is contacted with the end face of the reflecting layer assembly,

the elastic mechanism comprises a guide column (24) and a second compression spring (25), a guide hole is formed in the supporting plate (22), one end of the guide column (24) is fixedly installed on the second compression plate (27), the other end of the guide column (24) penetrates through the guide hole in the supporting plate (22), the second compression spring (25) is sleeved on the guide column (24), the second compression spring (25) is in a compressed state, and two ends of the second compression spring are respectively propped against the supporting plate (22) and the second compression plate (27).

16. A horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor comprising a pressure vessel and a horizontal core, the pressure vessel comprising a pressure vessel housing (69), characterized in that,

further comprising the horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals according to any one of claims 1 to 15,

the horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals are disposed within the pressure vessel housing (69) and the horizontal reactor core is disposed within the first cavity of the horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor internals.