CN115992880A

CN115992880A - Compact gearbox controller

Info

Publication number: CN115992880A
Application number: CN202310000105.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡明�; 赵会星
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-01-01
Filing date: 2023-01-01
Publication date: 2023-04-21

Abstract

The invention relates to a controller of a gearbox, in particular to a compact gearbox controller, which comprises a gear shifting drum, a gear shifting rod and a gear shifting fork, wherein the gearbox comprises a box body, a main shaft, a secondary shaft, a gear shifting gear and a ratchet wheel, the main shaft and the secondary shaft are mutually parallel and can be rotatably and movably fixed on the box body, the gear shifting gear and the ratchet wheel are sleeved on the main shaft and the secondary shaft, the gear shifting fork consists of a fork connecting part at the upper end and a fork lower fork part at the lower end, the gear shifting drum is rotatably and movably fixed on the box body, and a gear shifting drum groove is formed in the circumferential surface of the gear shifting drum; the shifting shift lever can move left and right and is movably fixed on the box body, the front end of the shifting shift lever is movably fixed in the shifting drum groove, and the rear end of the shifting shift lever is movably and elastically clamped on the shifting fork connector; because the shifting rod movably and elastically clamps the shifting fork connector, hard contact between ratchets can be avoided when gears are in or out, and the phenomena of tooth striking and clamping stagnation can be avoided.

Description

Compact gearbox controller

Technical Field

The invention relates to a controller of a gearbox, in particular to a compact gearbox controller.

Background

The controller of the speed changing box is a mechanism for realizing the transmission change between different gear pairs of the speed changing box, at present, the controller of the speed changing box is used in the speed changing box of high-speed movements of automobiles, motorcycles and the like, rarely applied to low-speed bicycles, the clutch of the speed changing box gear is used for driving the clutch gear to carry out slot key plug-in matching to realize the clutch/clutch by adopting a speed changing drum, the clutch is rarely used for carrying out the clutch/clutch by adopting a ratchet, especially in a compact bicycle speed changing box, the installation space can be saved by adopting the ratchet to engage/disengage, the ratchet teeth of the ratchet can not be blocked into the ratchet teeth of the gear when the existing ratchet is engaged/disengaged, and the phenomenon that the ratchet teeth are mutually damaged by hard combination is caused under the forced action of external force exists.

When the existing compact bicycle speed changer has direct gear entering and gear exiting, the ratchet teeth are hard combined, so that the mutual damage of the ratchet teeth is easy to cause.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a compact gearbox controller, which can ensure that the gearbox runs stably when the gearbox directly advances to and withdraws from a gear, overcomes the defect of hard combination among ratchets, and reduces the defect of mutual damage caused by combination among ratchets.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the compact gearbox controller comprises a gear shifting drum, a gear shifting rod and a gear shifting fork, wherein the gearbox comprises a gearbox body, a main shaft, a secondary shaft, a gear shifting gear and a ratchet wheel, the main shaft and the secondary shaft are mutually parallel and rotatably and movably fixed on the gearbox body, the gear shifting gear and the ratchet wheel are sleeved on the main shaft and the secondary shaft, the gear shifting gear and the ratchet wheel are provided with ratchet teeth which are mutually matched, the gear shifting fork consists of a fork connecting part at the upper end and a fork lower fork part at the lower end, the gear shifting drum is rotatably and movably fixed on the gearbox body, the rotation center line of the gear shifting drum is mutually parallel to the rotation center line of the main shaft or the secondary shaft, and a gear shifting drum groove is formed in the circumferential surface of the gear shifting drum; the gear shifting deflector rod can move left and right and is movably fixed on the box body, the front end of the gear shifting deflector rod is movably fixed in the gear shifting drum groove, the rear end of the gear shifting deflector rod is fixedly provided with an elastic connecting piece, and the elastic connecting piece movably clamps the shifting fork connecting part; the ratchet is provided with a ratchet clamping groove, and the lower fork part of the gear shifting fork is clamped in the ratchet clamping groove.

Because shift lever rear end elasticity clamping shift fork connection, can be better guarantee in advancing to keep off or move back the time of keeping off, avoid hard contact between the ratchet when the ratchet that the ratchet corresponds of main shaft gear or countershaft gear combines, can not appear beating tooth and clamping stagnation phenomenon to can be better direct advance keep off and move back the fender, the defect that current compact derailleur is easy to jump the fender by oneself under the condition that riding road conditions are not good also can be guaranteed to mature shift drum technique simultaneously.

Further, the connecting piece limiting the rear end of the gear shifting rod and the shifting fork is an elastic connecting piece, and the connecting relation between the rear end of the gear shifting rod and the shifting fork is elastic movable clamping connection.

Furthermore, the elastic connecting piece is defined as a metal spring piece, the upper end of the metal spring piece is fixedly connected to the gear shifting rod, and the lower end of the metal spring piece movably clamps the gear shifting fork.

Similarly, the elastic connecting piece is further defined as a torsion spring, the torsion spring comprises a torsion spring body and a torsion spring output end, the torsion spring body is fixedly connected to the gear shifting deflector rod, and the gear shifting deflector rod is clamped by the torsion spring output end.

In addition, the gear shifting device further comprises a fixing plate and a shifting fork guide rod, wherein the fixing plate is fixed on the box body, the shifting fork guide rod is fixed on the fixing plate or directly fixed on the box body, the shifting fork connecting portion is a hollow tube, and the hollow tube is movably sleeved on the shifting fork guide rod.

In order to achieve a more compact controller of the substantial gearbox, the gearbox body is limited to be provided with a gear shifting rod through hole, and the gear shifting rod is movably fixed on the gearbox body through the gear shifting rod through hole.

The ratchet teeth are limited to be helical teeth, and under the thrust of the tooth roots of the helical teeth, the direction of the force faces the root of the ratchet teeth when the working face of the ratchet teeth is stressed due to the angle of the ratchet teeth, so that the gear ratchet teeth and the ratchet teeth are automatically clamped, and the moment is transmitted;

in the invention, the technical effect of the matched connection between the gear and the ratchet wheel by adopting the mode is as follows: (1) When clamping is needed, the ratchet wheel and the gear ratchet are easy to engage, and can be prevented from falling off; (2) With a speed difference, the ratchet teeth and the gear teeth are easily disengaged. The specific reasons are as follows: due to the angle of the ratchet, when the working face of the ratchet is stressed, the direction of the force faces the root of the ratchet, so that the ratchet and the gear ratchet are automatically clamped, and torque is transmitted. Because the back angle of the ratchet is gentle, the moment cannot be transmitted, and when the back of the ratchet is stressed, the direction of force is away from the tooth root, so that the ratchet and the gear are away from each other, and the ratchet and the gear are automatically separated.

The tooth profile of the ratchet teeth mentioned in the present invention is the same as the "ratchet teeth" in what is known as "ratchet teeth", namely: the angles of the two flanks are different so that one and only one flank can transmit torque. The direction of the ratchet arrangement of the present invention is different from the conventional one: the ratchet is annular, but the tips of the teeth are directed sideways, with a specific angle being such that torque can be transmitted between the ratchet and the gear.

For the prior art, the technical scheme has the effects that firstly, the spring plate or the torsion spring on the deflector rod is utilized to drive the shifting fork, so that tooth striking or clamping caused by hard contact of the ratchet teeth is avoided; secondly, the bicycle rider's foot-reversing habit is facilitated. Because the spring plate or the torsion spring on the shifting rod drives the shifting fork to control the ratchet wheel to be meshed with the lateral ratchet teeth of the gear, when the inverted foot reverses the main shaft, the back of the tooth between the ratchet wheel and the lateral ratchet teeth of the gear has thrust force, and the spring plate or the torsion spring can enable the ratchet wheel controlled by the shifting fork to be separated from the gear in the axial direction through deformation; thirdly, the gear shifting mechanism has a static gear shifting function, and even in a non-rotary motion state, due to the deformation function of the elastic sheet or the torsion spring on the deflector rod, any gear can be switched to other gears; fourth, the gear is shifted under load, and when the gear is shifted, the gear is automatically separated from the low gear after the high gear enters the gear according to the speed difference principle. During gear reduction, gear reduction can be performed in advance and in an override mode, even when the gear is operated in a high gear, the shift lever can be shifted to a low gear, at the moment, the elastic sheet and the torsion spring on the low gear shift lever deform, a ratchet wheel and a gear lateral ratchet of the low gear are in a semi-clutch state, when the gear is stopped and stepped on, the load is 0, the gear in the high gear is separated from the ratchet wheel in an inertial mode, and when the gear is stepped on again, the ratchet wheel and the gear lateral ratchet of the low gear are immediately combined to transmit torsion.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of five speed transmission main shaft, countershaft, shift gear and ratchet engagement;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the controller configuration of the first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a direct drive gear in a five speed gearbox;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gear configuration including a first gear main shaft gear, a third gear main shaft gear, a fourth gear main shaft gear, a fifth gear main shaft gear, a first gear auxiliary shaft gear; a reversing gear; a three-gear countershaft gear; a fourth gear countershaft gear; five-gear auxiliary shaft gear;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a ratchet wheel;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view showing the structure of the spring coupling member as a torsion spring according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of a metal spring structure of the elastic connector according to the second embodiment;

in the figure, 1 is a main axis; 11 is a first gear spindle gear; 12 is a direct drive gear; 13 is a three-gear spindle gear; 14 is a four-speed spindle gear; 15 is a five-gear main shaft gear; 19 is a ratchet wheel;

2 is a secondary shaft; 21 is a first gear countershaft gear; 22 is a counter gear; 23 is a three speed countershaft gear; 24 is a four speed countershaft gear; 25 is a five speed countershaft gear;

4 is a shift drum; reference numeral 41 denotes a shift lever; 44 is a shift drum groove; 45 is a fork; 452 is a fork attachment; 453 is a metal spring; 455 is a fork guide bar; 456 is a torsion spring body; 457 is the torsion spring output end;

5 is a fixed plate;

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.

In a first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-6, a compact gearbox controller, the gear shifting device includes a gear shifting drum 4, a gear shifting lever 41, a corresponding gear shifting fork 45, a fixing plate 5 and a fork guiding lever 455, the gear shifting drum 4 is rotationally fixed on a box body, two ends of a main shaft 1 and a secondary shaft 2 are mounted on the box body through bearings, the gear shifting lever 41 is movably fixed on the box body in a left-right movement manner, a rotation center line of the gear shifting drum 4 is parallel to a rotation center line of the secondary shaft 1, the fixing plate 5 is fixed on the box body under the condition of not interfering with gear rotation, the fork guiding lever 455 is fixed on the fixing plate 5, the fork connecting part 452 is a hollow tube, and the hollow tube is movably sleeved on the fork guiding lever 455.

The gear shifting drum 4 is provided with a gear shifting drum groove 44 on the circumferential surface, the gear shifting fork 45 comprises a lower-section fork part 451 and an upper-section fork connecting part 452, the fork part 451 is clamped in the middle of the ratchet wheel and is movably fixed in the gear shifting drum groove 44, the rear end of the gear shifting rod 41 is elastically and movably connected at the position of the fork connecting part 452, namely, the connecting parts of the gear shifting rod 41 and the fork 45 are elastic connecting parts, in the embodiment, the elastic connecting parts are torsion springs, each torsion spring comprises a torsion spring body 456 and a torsion spring output end 457, the torsion spring body 456 is fixedly connected with the gear shifting rod 41, and the torsion spring output end 457 clamps the gear shifting fork 45.

The gear box is a five-gear box, a first-gear main shaft gear 11, a five-gear main shaft gear 15, a three-gear main shaft gear 13, a four-gear main shaft gear 14 and a direct drive gear 12 are arranged on the main shaft from left to right, a ratchet wheel ratchet 19 is arranged between the five-gear main shaft gear and the three-gear main shaft gear, a ratchet wheel ratchet 19 is arranged between the four-gear main shaft gear 14 and the direct drive gear 12, wherein the first-gear main shaft gear is fixedly connected to the main shaft or integrally formed with the main shaft, the five-gear main shaft gear 15, the three-gear main shaft gear 13, the four-gear main shaft gear 14 and the direct drive gear 12 are sleeved on the main shaft 1 in an empty mode, and the first double ratchet wheel ratchet 18 and the second double ratchet wheel 19 are sleeved on the main shaft 1 in a sliding mode; a first-gear counter gear 21, a fifth-gear counter gear 25, a three-gear counter gear 23, a four-gear counter gear 24 and a reverse gear 22 are arranged on the counter shaft 2 from left to right, a ratchet 19 is arranged between the first-gear counter gear 21 and the fifth-gear counter gear 25, wherein the first-gear counter gear 21 is sleeved on the counter shaft 2 in an empty mode, the five-gear counter gear 25, the three-gear counter gear 23, the four-gear counter gear 24 and the reverse gear 22 are fixedly connected on the counter shaft 2, and the main gear and the counter gear are mutually matched and meshed; a poking groove is arranged in the middle of the tooth ratchet wheel 19; the ratchets are helical teeth.

In the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, in the above technical solution, the elastic connection member is defined as a metal spring 453, the upper end of the metal spring 453 is fixedly connected to the gear shift lever 41, and the lower end of the metal spring 453 movably clamps the gear shift fork 45.

In addition, by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the gear shifting deflector rod and the shifting fork guide rod can be movably fixed on the box body in a left-right manner, and the positions of the gear shifting deflector rod and the shifting fork guide rod are not fixed by adopting the fixing plate, so long as the gear shifting deflector rod and the shifting fork guide rod can only move left and right but cannot move up and down and back and forth.

The description of the specific embodiments is only intended to aid in understanding the method of the invention and its core concept, and it should be pointed out that it is possible for a person skilled in the art to make several improvements and modifications to the invention, such as simple changes in the tooth surface inclination angle, the number of teeth of the gear ratchet and the number of teeth of the ratchet teeth, which also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a compact gearbox controller, includes gear shifting drum, gear shifting driving lever and gear shifting fork, the derailleur includes box, main shaft, countershaft, gear shifting gear and ratchet, rotatable activity that main shaft and countershaft are parallel to each other is fixed on the derailleur box, gear shifting gear and ratchet suit be in main shaft and countershaft on, gear shifting gear and ratchet have the ratchet of mutually supporting, the gear shifting fork comprises the fork lower fork portion of the fork connecting portion of upper end and lower extreme, its characterized in that: the gear shifting drum is rotatably and movably fixed on the gearbox body, the rotation center line of the gear shifting drum is parallel to the rotation center line of the main shaft or the auxiliary shaft, and a gear shifting drum groove is formed in the circumferential surface of the gear shifting drum; the gear shifting deflector rod can move left and right and is movably fixed on the box body, the front end of the gear shifting deflector rod is movably fixed in the gear shifting drum groove, the rear end of the gear shifting deflector rod is fixedly provided with an elastic connecting piece, and the elastic connecting piece movably clamps the shifting fork connecting part; the ratchet is provided with a ratchet clamping groove, and the lower fork part of the gear shifting fork is clamped in the ratchet clamping groove.

2. A compact transmission controller as defined in claim 1, wherein: the connecting piece of gear shifting driving lever and shift fork is elastic connecting piece.

3. A compact transmission controller as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the elastic connecting piece is a metal spring piece, the upper end of the metal spring piece is fixedly connected to the gear shifting deflector rod, and the lower end of the metal spring piece movably clamps the gear shifting fork.

4. A compact transmission controller as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the elastic connecting piece is a torsion spring, the torsion spring comprises a torsion spring body and a torsion spring output end, the torsion spring body is fixedly connected to the gear shifting deflector rod, and the gear shifting deflector fork is movably clamped by the torsion spring output end.

5. A compact transmission controller as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the gear shifting device further comprises a fixing plate and a shifting fork guide rod, wherein the fixing plate is fixed on the box body, the shifting fork guide rod is fixed on the fixing plate or directly fixed on the box body, the shifting fork connecting portion is a hollow tube, and the hollow tube is movably sleeved on the shifting fork guide rod.

6. A compact transmission controller as defined in claim 1, wherein: the box body is provided with a gear shifting deflector rod through hole, and the gear shifting deflector rod is movably fixed on the box body through the gear shifting deflector rod through hole.

7. A compact transmission controller as defined in claim 1, wherein: the ratchets are helical teeth.