CN115991473A - Modified amorphous material, preparation method thereof, negative plate and sodium ion battery - Google Patents
Modified amorphous material, preparation method thereof, negative plate and sodium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 14
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002194 amorphous carbon material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002103 nanocoating Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 10
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000840 electrochemical analysis Methods 0.000 description 6
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010902 jet-milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of secondary batteries, and particularly relates to a modified amorphous carbon material which comprises a molecular sieve and amorphous carbon, wherein the modified amorphous carbon material has a core-shell structure, a shell is the molecular sieve, a core is the amorphous carbon, and the amorphous carbon comprises soft carbon and hard carbon. The modified amorphous material has high structural stability, high capacity and good cycle stability, and can improve the first coulomb efficiency and the cycle life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of secondary batteries, and particularly relates to a modified amorphous material and a preparation method thereof, a negative plate and a sodium ion battery.
Background
With the rapid development of automobile electromotive, the demand for lithium ion power batteries is increasing, so that lithium resource supply is becoming more and more intense and the price is high. On the other hand, with the rapid promotion of the national 'carbon peak, carbon neutralization' strategy, development of clean energy mainly based on wind power and photovoltaic is urgently needed, and in order to reduce the phenomena of light abandoning and wind abandoning, an energy storage battery with low cost, sustainability and safety needs to be configured. Since lithium ion batteries currently dominate energy storage, rapid developments in the energy storage industry also exacerbate rapid consumption of lithium resources and unbalanced supply and demand. Therefore, development of a new energy storage battery based on a non-lithium ion battery is urgent. The sodium ion battery has the remarkable advantages of low cost, abundant resources, good safety, environmental friendliness and the like, and is suitable for large-scale energy storage. However, sodium ions have a large radius and are incompatible with the graphite layer, and are difficult to embed in the graphite material, so that it is critical to develop a suitable non-graphite negative electrode.
Unlike graphite, amorphous carbon materials, including soft and hard carbon, have long-range disordered, short-range ordered structures, have larger interlayer spacing, contain pores, and are suitable for intercalation and deintercalation of sodium ions. However, the amorphous carbon material is not easy to form a stable SEI film on the surface, and has the problems of easy co-intercalation of electrolyte, easy reduction and decomposition on the surface, and the like, which is unfavorable for long-time battery circulation, and the first time of storage effect is lower, so that the surface needs to be modified to a certain extent, the occurrence of side reaction is inhibited, and the first time of storage effect and the cycle life are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objects of the present invention is: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the modified amorphous material has high structural stability, high capacity and good cycle stability, and can improve the first coulomb efficiency and the cycle life.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the modified amorphous carbon material comprises a molecular sieve and amorphous carbon, wherein the modified amorphous carbon material has a core-shell structure, a shell is the molecular sieve, a core is the amorphous carbon, and the amorphous carbon comprises soft carbon and hard carbon.
Preferably, the inner core accounts for 90-99% of the weight of the modified amorphous carbon material, and the outer shell accounts for 1-10% of the weight of the amorphous carbon material.
The second object of the present invention is: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the preparation method of the modified amorphous material is simple and has good controllability.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a modified amorphous carbon material comprises the following steps:
step A1, crushing a molecular sieve;
step A2, uniformly mixing amorphous carbon and crushed molecular sieve, and coating the molecular sieve on the surface of the amorphous carbon to form a coating layer to obtain composite particles;
and step A3, carrying out heat treatment on the composite particles in an inert atmosphere to obtain the modified amorphous carbon material.
Preferably, the particle size of the molecular sieve after crushing in the step A1 is 100 nm-500 nm.
Preferably, the thickness of the coating layer in the step A2 is 10 nm-100 nm.
Preferably, the temperature of the heat treatment in the step A3 is 300-600 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 1-10 ℃/min, and the heat treatment time is 1-5 hours.
Preferably, the inert atmosphere is one of argon, nitrogen or helium.
The third object of the present invention is to: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the negative plate has good electrochemical performance.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a negative electrode sheet comprises the modified amorphous carbon material.
The fourth object of the invention is that: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the sodium ion battery has the advantages of less side reaction, high initial coulomb efficiency and long cycle life.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a sodium ion battery comprises the negative plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the modified amorphous carbon material has the advantages of good structure, less side reaction, low preparation energy consumption, low cost and short period, and is beneficial to large-scale production. The modified amorphous carbon material provided by the invention has the advantages that the molecular sieve is contained on the surface, so that the artificial SEI effect is realized, amorphous carbon can be effectively protected, and the optimal balance of capacity, coulombic efficiency and cycle life is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a modified hard carbon material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a charge-discharge graph of the modified hard carbon material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a charge-discharge graph of the original hard carbon material of comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.
The modified amorphous carbon material comprises a molecular sieve and amorphous carbon, wherein the modified amorphous carbon material has a core-shell structure, a shell is the molecular sieve, a core is the amorphous carbon, and the amorphous carbon comprises soft carbon and hard carbon.
The amorphous carbon comprises soft carbon and hard carbon, has a long-range disordered and short-range ordered structure, has larger interlayer spacing, contains holes, and is suitable for embedding and extracting sodium ions. The molecular sieve of the shell can play a role of an artificial SEI film, achieve a desolvation effect, prevent co-embedding of solvents and effectively inhibit or reduce surface side reactions; in the other direction, the molecular sieve can adsorb moisture and gas generated by side reaction in the battery circulation process, so that the gas expansion of the battery is inhibited, and the inherent gaps in the molecular sieve can provide channels for sodium ions without affecting the rapid transmission of the sodium ions on the surface, so that the modified amorphous carbon material has high capacity, high first coulomb efficiency, good circulation stability and good rate capability. The molecular sieve is a commercial molecular sieve, and is selected from at least one of 3A type, 4A type, 5A type, 10Z type, 13Z type, Y type, sodium mordenite type, ZSM-5 and TS-1 type; still preferably, the sodium-containing molecular sieve is selected to provide a pre-sodium effect.
The amorphous carbon comprises commercial soft carbon and hard carbon, and is selected from but not limited to coal-based soft carbon, pitch-based soft carbon, biomass-based hard carbon, resin-based hard carbon and lignin-based hard carbon, wherein the hard carbon is carbon which is difficult to graphitize at high temperature (generally more than 2000 ℃), the soft carbon is carbon which can graphitize at high temperature, and the preparation method of the soft carbon or the hard carbon is generally to pyrolyze and carbonize precursors such as coal, pitch, resin, biomass (such as coconut shell and lignin) and the like in an inert atmosphere at a certain temperature (1000-1500 ℃).
Preferably, the inner core accounts for 90-99% of the weight of the modified amorphous carbon material, and the outer shell accounts for 1-10% of the weight of the amorphous carbon material. Preferably, the inner core accounts for 90% -95% and 95% -98% of the weight of the modified amorphous carbon material, and specifically, the inner core accounts for 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% and 99% of the weight of the modified amorphous carbon material. Preferably, the shell comprises 1% -4%, 4% -8%, 8% -10% by weight of the amorphous carbon material, specifically, the shell comprises 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% by weight of the amorphous carbon material. The prior carbon material has no core-shell structure, and the coating layer is easy to fall off in the use process, so that the performance is poor.
The second object of the present invention is: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the preparation method of the modified amorphous material is simple and has good controllability.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a modified amorphous carbon material comprises the following steps:
step A1, crushing a molecular sieve;
step A2, uniformly mixing amorphous carbon and crushed molecular sieve, and coating the molecular sieve on the surface of the amorphous carbon to form a coating layer to obtain composite particles;
and step A3, carrying out heat treatment on the composite particles in an inert atmosphere to obtain the modified amorphous carbon material.
The preparation method of the modified amorphous carbon material is simple, easy to operate, low in energy consumption and easy to operate and control. Wherein the crushing comprises sand milling, ball milling and jet milling, and preferably, the crushing method is sand milling; wherein the surface coating method is selected from atomic layer deposition, sol-gel, magnetron sputtering and mechanical fusion; preferably, the surface coating method is selected from mechanical fusion method, the mechanical fusion method can realize uniform, complete and conformal coating, the process is simple, the cost is low, and the large-scale production can be realized, wherein the conformal coating means that the shape and the texture of the coating material are consistent, the shape and the particle size of the coating material are unchanged in the mechanical fusion process, the coating material is further crushed, the particle size is reduced to 10-50 nanometers, and the size distribution is further homogenized, so that the uniform, complete and conformal coating can be better realized.
In some embodiments, the molecular sieve after comminution in step A1 has a particle size of 100nm to 500nm. Preferably, the particle size of the molecular sieve after crushing in step A1 is 100nm, 200nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm. The molecular sieve is crushed, so that the molecular sieve has smaller particle size, is easier to coat on the surface of amorphous carbon, and is more tightly and firmly coated.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the coating layer in the step A2 is 10nm to 100nm. Specifically, the thickness of the coating layer in the step A2 is 10nm, 50nm, 60nm or 100nm.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the heat treatment in the step A3 is 300-600 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 1-10 ℃/min, and the heat treatment is carried outThe treatment time is 1-5 hours. Specifically, the temperature of the heat treatment in step A3 is 300 ℃, 400 ℃, 500 ℃, 600 ℃, preferably the heating rate is 1 ℃/min, 2 ℃/min, 3 ℃/min, 4 ℃/min, 5 ℃/min, 6 ℃/min, 7 ℃/min, 8 ℃/min, 9 ℃/min, 10 ℃/min, preferably the heat treatment time is 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours. Still preferably, the heat treatment temperature is 400-500 ℃ and the heat treatment time is 2-3 hours, under the condition, the molecular sieve and the amorphous carbon can be in physical interaction to improve the binding force of the molecular sieve and the amorphous carbon, when the molecular sieve containing sodium is used, the amorphous carbon can realize a certain degree of chemical pre-sodization, wherein the chemical pre-sodization refers to the chemical reaction between sodium in the molecular sieve and oxygen-containing functional groups (-COOH, -OH and the like) on the surface of the amorphous carbon to generate-COONa, -ONa, and the Na from an anode is reduced + And the functional groups react with each other, so that the first coulomb efficiency is improved, the co-intercalation of the solvent is better inhibited, and in addition, the crystallization water contained in the molecular sieve can be removed by high-temperature heat treatment, so that the first library effect, capacity and cycle life of the amorphous carbon can be improved.
Preferably, the inert atmosphere is one of argon, nitrogen or helium. The reaction is carried out in inert atmosphere, so that the molecular sieve or amorphous carbon is prevented from reacting with air under the heating condition, and the performance of the modified amorphous material is prevented from being influenced.
A negative electrode sheet comprises the modified amorphous carbon material. The negative plate has good electrochemical performance.
A sodium ion battery comprises the negative plate. The sodium ion battery has the advantages of less side reaction, high initial coulomb efficiency and long cycle life.
The modified amorphous carbon material has the advantages of good structure, less side reaction, low preparation energy consumption, low cost and short period, and is beneficial to large-scale production. The modified crystalline carbon material provided by the invention has the advantages that the molecular sieve is contained on the surface, so that the artificial SEI effect is realized, amorphous carbon can be effectively protected, and the optimal balance of capacity, coulombic efficiency and cycle life is realized.
Example 1
Grinding commercial 4A type molecular sieve by sand (the molar ratio of Na/Si of the 4A type molecular sieve is about 1:1), grinding the grain size to 200 nanometers, uniformly mixing commercial hard carbon and the sanded 4A type molecular sieve according to the weight ratio of 100:1, uniformly, completely and conformally coating the molecular sieve on the surface of hard carbon grains by adopting a mechanical fusion method, and finally heating in argon at 400 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the surface modified hard carbon material. The product was analyzed by SEM and the molecular sieve was uniformly, completely and conformally coated on the surface of the hard carbon particles, see fig. 1.
The modified hard carbon material prepared in the embodiment is used as a working electrode, sodium metal is used as a counter electrode, a glass fiber membrane is used as a diaphragm, and NaPF 6 Constant current charge and discharge tests (current density 30mA/g, voltage range 0.0052V-2.0V) are carried out by taking Propylene Carbonate (PC)/methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC) solution as electrolyte, and test results show that the initial charge and discharge capacity of the material are respectively 311mAh/g and 362mAh/g, the initial storage effect is 86.0%, and the charge and discharge curves are shown in figure 2. After 100 cycles, the capacity retention was 91%.
Example 2
Grinding commercial 3A type molecular sieve by sand (the molar ratio of Na/Si of the 3A type molecular sieve is about 1:3), grinding the grain size to 100 nanometers, uniformly mixing commercial hard carbon and the sanded 3A type molecular sieve according to the weight ratio of 100:1.5, uniformly, completely and conformally coating the molecular sieve on the surface of the hard carbon grain by adopting a mechanical fusion method, and finally heating in argon at 450 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain the surface modified hard carbon material. The electrochemical test conditions are the same as in example 1, and the test result shows that the first charge and discharge capacity of the material are 309mAh/g and 368mAh/g respectively, and the first library effect is 83.9%.
Example 3
Grinding commercial 5A type molecular sieve by sand (the molar ratio of Na/Si of the 5A type molecular sieve is about 1:4), grinding the grain size to 300 nanometers, uniformly mixing commercial hard carbon and the sanded 5A type molecular sieve according to the weight ratio of 100:2, uniformly, completely and conformally coating the molecular sieve on the surface of hard carbon grains by adopting a mechanical fusion method, and finally heating in argon at 500 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the surface modified hard carbon material. The electrochemical test conditions are the same as in example 1, and the test result shows that the first charge and discharge capacity of the material are 298mAh/g and 359mAh/g respectively, and the first library effect is 83.0%.
Example 4
Commercial TS-1 molecular sieves were first sand milled (Na 2 O content<0.1 wt%) pulverizing the particles to 200nm, uniformly mixing commercial soft carbon and sanded Y-type molecular sieve according to the weight ratio of 100:1, uniformly, completely and conformally coating the molecular sieve on the surface of soft carbon particles by adopting a mechanical fusion method, and finally heating in argon at 400 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the surface modified soft carbon material. The electrochemical test conditions are the same as in example 1, and the test result shows that the first charge and discharge capacity of the material are 267mAh/g and 330mAh/g respectively, and the first library effect is 81.0%.
Comparative example 1
The electrochemical test was directly performed using the commercial hard carbon in example 1, the test conditions are the same as in example 1, and the test results show that the first charge and discharge capacity of the material are 291mAh/g and 386mAh/g, respectively, the first storage efficiency is 75.4%, and the charge and discharge curves are shown in FIG. 3. After 100 cycles, the capacity retention was 67%.
Comparative example 2
The hard carbon modification process is as in example 1, except that no heat treatment is performed after coating, electrochemical test conditions are the same as in example 1, and test results show that the first charge and discharge capacity of the material are 296mAh/g and 377mAh/g respectively, the first library effect is 79.1%, and the capacity retention rate is 82% after 100 cycles.
Comparative example 3
The hard carbon modification process is as in example 1, except that the heat treatment temperature is 200 ℃, the electrochemical test conditions are the same as in example 1, and the test result shows that the first charge and discharge capacity of the material are 298mAh/g and 367mAh/g respectively, the first storage effect is 81.1%, and the capacity retention rate is 85% after 100 cycles.
As a result of comparison of the above examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3, the secondary batteries prepared according to the present invention have higher capacity, higher initial coulombic efficiency, and higher capacity retention. The primary efficiency of the invention is up to 86%, and after 100 charge and discharge cycles, the capacity retention rate is up to 91%, and the invention has good performance.
Variations and modifications of the above embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains from the foregoing disclosure and teachings. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but is intended to be capable of modification, substitution or variation in light thereof, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings. In addition, although specific terms are used in the present specification, these terms are for convenience of description only and do not limit the present invention in any way.
Claims (9)
1. The modified amorphous carbon material is characterized by comprising a molecular sieve and amorphous carbon, wherein the modified amorphous carbon material has a core-shell structure, a shell is the molecular sieve, a core is the amorphous carbon, and the amorphous carbon comprises soft carbon and hard carbon.
2. The modified amorphous carbon material according to claim 1, wherein the core comprises 90-99% by weight of the modified amorphous carbon material and the shell comprises 1-10% by weight of the amorphous carbon material.
3. The method for producing a modified amorphous carbon material according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
step A1, crushing a molecular sieve;
step A2, uniformly mixing amorphous carbon and crushed molecular sieve, and coating the molecular sieve on the surface of the amorphous carbon to form a coating layer to obtain composite particles;
and step A3, carrying out heat treatment on the composite particles in an inert atmosphere to obtain the modified amorphous carbon material.
4. The method for producing a modified amorphous carbon material according to claim 3, wherein the molecular sieve after pulverization in the step A1 has a particle diameter of 100nm to 500nm.
5. The method for producing a modified amorphous carbon material according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the coating layer in the step A2 is 10nm to 100nm.
6. The method for producing a modified amorphous carbon material according to claim 3, wherein the heat treatment in step A3 is performed at a temperature of 300 to 600 ℃, at a heating rate of 1 to 10 ℃/min, and for a heat treatment time of 1 to 5 hours.
7. The method of producing a modified amorphous carbon material as defined in claim 3, wherein the inert atmosphere is one of argon, nitrogen or helium.
8. A negative electrode sheet comprising the modified amorphous carbon material according to claim 1 or 2.
9. A sodium ion battery comprising the negative electrode sheet of claim 8.
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Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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