CN115987388A - Detection system for locking offset resonance center position of silicon-based micro-ring resonator - Google Patents
Detection system for locking offset resonance center position of silicon-based micro-ring resonator Download PDFInfo
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- CN115987388A CN115987388A CN202211601283.6A CN202211601283A CN115987388A CN 115987388 A CN115987388 A CN 115987388A CN 202211601283 A CN202211601283 A CN 202211601283A CN 115987388 A CN115987388 A CN 115987388A
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- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection system of a silicon-based micro-ring resonator, in particular to a detection system for locking the offset resonance center position of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator, which comprises a micro-ring resonator device and a detection circuit: the micro-ring resonator device comprises a beam splitter, a phase shifter, a silicon-based micro-ring resonator and a beam combiner; the detection circuit comprises a photoelectric detector, a trans-impedance amplifier, a multiplier, a low-pass filter, an adder, a direct current signal generator and a jitter signal generator. The invention judges the working state of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator according to the magnitude of the detection signal, locks the position deviating from the resonance center of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator and is insensitive to the change of input optical power.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection system of a silicon-based micro-ring resonator, in particular to a detection system for locking the position of a deviation resonance center of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator.
Background
With the continuous increase of network traffic, the demand of people is continuously increased, the traditional communication mode is difficult to meet the needs of people gradually, the optical communication technology starts to develop vigorously, the optical communication technology comprises an optical interconnection technology, and the on-chip optical interconnection technology based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) has the advantages of small time delay, large bandwidth, small loss and the like, and provides a solution for solving the problems caused by the increase of network traffic.
The Micro Ring Resonator (MRR) is an optical device composed of waveguides, has a small radius and high integration level, belongs to a device in the optical interconnection technology, has a Wavelength selection characteristic, can select light with a specific Wavelength, plays a key role in a Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) system, and is commonly used as a filter, a switch, a modulator and the like. However, the silicon-based micro-ring resonator has a large thermo-optic coefficient and is easily affected by temperature, the resonance wavelength of the micro-ring resonator is easily shifted, which may cause that the micro-ring resonator does not work in a resonance state, the radius of the micro-ring resonator is small, the requirement on the process is high, and the occurrence of manufacturing errors is difficult to avoid, the resonance wavelength of the micro-ring resonator manufactured each time is not necessarily the designed resonance wavelength, which causes that the micro-ring resonator does not work in an optimal state, and therefore, wavelength locking and wavelength shift detection of the micro-ring resonator are very necessary. The maximum value detection method is a commonly used method for locking the wavelength of the micro-ring resonator, and the method uses elements such as a photoelectric detector and the like to detect the magnitude of the output photocurrent of the micro-ring resonator, and under the resonance state, the output light intensity of the micro-ring resonator is maximum, and at the moment, the micro-ring resonator is in the resonance state. The balanced homodyne detection method is also a commonly used method for detecting the working wavelength of the micro-ring resonator, the method divides input light into two parts, one part of light and light output by a download end of the micro-ring resonator are combined by a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI), the phase on one arm of the Mach-Zehnder Interferometer is changed, the light intensity of the combined light is detected, when the light intensity is zero, the light wavelength at the moment is the resonance wavelength of the micro-ring resonator, and whether the micro-ring resonator works in a resonance state is detected. Both of the above methods are to lock the position of the resonance center of the micro-ring resonator, and to unlock the position of the micro-ring resonator from the resonance center, and the locking result is susceptible to the input optical power.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art by providing a method for locking the position of a silicon-based microring resonator off the resonance center and a detection system insensitive to the input optical power using coherent detection.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a system for detecting an offset resonance center position of a locked micro-ring resonator, comprising:
the micro-ring resonator device comprises an upper and lower path type silicon-based micro-ring resonator, a beam splitter, a phase shifter and a beam combiner;
the resonance formula of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator is as follows:
2πRN eff ＝mλ 0 ,m＝0,1,2,…
wherein R is the radius of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator, N eff Is an effective refractive index, λ 0 Is the resonant wavelength;
one input end of the beam splitter is connected with one end of a first transmission waveguide, two output ends of the beam splitter are respectively connected with one end of a second transmission waveguide and one end of a third transmission waveguide, the phase shifter is arranged on the third transmission waveguide, one input end of the beam combiner is connected with the other end of the third transmission waveguide, the other input end of the beam combiner is connected with a fourth transmission waveguide, one output end of the beam combiner is connected with one end of a fifth transmission waveguide, a first coupling region is formed between the silica-based micro-ring damper and the second transmission waveguide, a second coupling region is formed between the silica-based micro-ring damper and the fourth transmission waveguide, the first coupling region and the second coupling region have the same structure, the other end of the first transmission waveguide is an optical input end of a micro-ring resonator device, the other end of the second transmission waveguide is an optical output end of a silica-based micro-ring resonator, one end of the fourth transmission waveguide, which is opposite to the beam combiner, and the other end of the fifth transmission waveguide is a monitoring optical output end of the micro-ring resonator device;
the electric field component expression of the beam splitter is as follows:
wherein Ein is input light in the first transmission waveguide, eo 1 ＝Eo 2 ，Eo 1 For transmitting light in the second waveguide, beta 1 Is the transmission constant of the second transmission waveguide, L 1 To transmit the length of waveguide two, eo 2 For transmitting light in waveguide three, beta 2 Is the transmission constant, L, of transmission waveguide three 2 Is the length of transmission waveguide three;
the transfer function of the download end of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator is as follows:
wherein E is drop For light, k, in the lower end of a silicon-based micro-ring resonator 1 ,k 2 The coupling coefficients of a first coupling area and a second coupling area of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator are t 1 ,t 2 The transmission coefficients of a first coupling area and a second coupling area of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator are shown, alpha is loss, and theta is phase change of light in the silicon-based micro-ring resonator;
the transmission function of the beam combiner is as follows:
wherein Eo is the combined light, eo 11 And Eo 12 Two inputs of the beam combiner structure are respectively provided;
light E in the download end of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator drop And the light Eo in the transmission waveguide III 2 The light combined by the beam combiner is as follows:
wherein Eo is monitoring light;
a detection circuit including a photodetector, a transimpedance amplifier, a multiplier, a low-pass filter, an adder, a direct-current signal generator, and a dither signal generator;
one input end of the adder is connected with one output end of the direct current signal generator, and the other input end of the adder is connected with one output end of the jitter signal generator; one output end of the photoelectric detector is connected with one input end of the transimpedance amplifier, one output end of the transimpedance amplifier is connected with one input end of the multiplier, the other output end of the dither signal generator is connected with the other input end of the multiplier, one output end of the multiplier is connected with one input end of the low-pass filter, and one output end of the low-pass filter is a detection signal output end of the detection circuit;
the demodulation equation of the multiplier is as follows:
a and B respectively represent the voltage amplitude output by the trans-impedance amplifier and the voltage amplitude of the jitter signal, wherein A comprises the slope information of the monitoring light, and omega is the frequency of the jitter signal;
and one output end of the adder in the detection circuit is connected with the heating resistor of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator, and the monitoring light output end of the micro-ring resonator device is connected with one input end of a photoelectric detector in the detection circuit.
The detection system for locking the deviation of the microring resonator from the resonance center can lock the deviation of the silicon-based microring resonator from the resonance center and is insensitive to input optical power.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a silicon-based micro-ring resonator of an add-drop circuit type according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a simulation curve of transmission spectrum of the upper and lower path type Si-based micro-ring resonator of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a microring resonator device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the detection system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a simulation plot of the output of the transimpedance amplifier for different input optical powers in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a simulation plot of the detection signal for different input optical powers in the present invention;
fig. 7 is a simulation curve of the division of the detected signal by the output of the transimpedance amplifier for different input optical powers in the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a beam splitter 1, a phase shifter 2, a beam combiner 3, a transmission waveguide III 4, a silicon-based microring resonator 5, a transmission waveguide II 6, a transmission waveguide IV 7, a coupling region I8, a coupling region II 9, a transmission waveguide I10 and a transmission waveguide V11.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an add-Drop type silicon-based micro-ring resonator, which includes an Input terminal (Input terminal), a Drop terminal (Drop terminal), and a Through terminal (Through terminal). The micro-ring resonator has wavelength selection characteristics, and the resonance formula is as follows:
2πRN eff ＝mλ 0 ,m＝0,1,2,…
wherein R is the radius of the micro-ring resonator, N eff The wavelength λ satisfying this equation for the effective refractive index 0 Is the resonant wavelength. Light meeting the resonance formula of the micro-ring resonator is output from the download end, and if the light does not meet the resonance formula, the light is output from the through end, as shown in fig. 2, the transmission line of the download end is a lorentz curve, and the maximum value is obtained at the resonance wavelength, namely, the light intensity of the resonance wavelength of the download end is the maximum, the light intensities of the rest wavelengths are relatively weak, correspondingly, the light intensity at the resonance wavelength of the through end is the minimum, and the light of the rest wavelengths is relatively strong. Therefore, the silicon-based micro-ring resonator has wavelength selection characteristics.
Fig. 3 shows a microring resonator device of the present invention. One end of the beam splitter 1 is an input end and is connected with a first transmission waveguide 10, the other end of the beam splitter is an output end and is respectively connected with a second transmission waveguide 6 and a third transmission waveguide 4, the second transmission waveguide 6 is a straight waveguide, the third transmission waveguide 4 is a combination of the straight waveguide and a bent waveguide, the phase shifter 2 is positioned above the third transmission waveguide 4, one part of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator 5 and one part of the second transmission waveguide 6 form a first coupling region 8, one part of the fourth transmission waveguide 7 and one part of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator 5 form a second coupling region 9, and the first coupling region 8 and the second coupling region 9 have the same structure and comprise the same waveguide structure, the same space between the straight waveguide and the silicon-based micro-ring resonator, the same transmission coefficient and the same transmission coefficient. The third transmission waveguide 4 and the fourth transmission waveguide 7 are respectively connected to two input ends of the beam combiner 3, the other end of the beam combiner is connected with the fifth transmission waveguide 11 as a monitoring light output end, and the other end of the second transmission waveguide 6 is a light output end.
Light input by the first input waveguide is divided into two beams of light with the same amplitude and phase through the beam splitter, and the two beams of light are respectively transmitted to the second transmission waveguide and the third transmission waveguide, and the electric field component expression is as follows:
wherein Ein is input light in the first input waveguide, eo 1 And Eo 2 Is the light split by the beam splitter Eo 1 For transmitting light in waveguide two, eo 2 In order to transmit light in the third waveguide, beta is a transmission constant, L is the length of the transmission waveguide, and in order to make the amplitudes and phases of the two split beams equal, the extra phase difference is compensated by adjusting the phase shifter, so that beta is enabled to be equal 1 L 1 ＝β 2 L 2 Thus Eo 1 ＝Eo 2 . Light Eo in transmission waveguide two 1 The light which meets the resonance condition of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator enters the transmission waveguide IV at the downloading end through the coupling area II in a coupling way. The transmission function of the downloading end is obtained according to a transmission matrix method as follows:
wherein E is drop For the light, k, at the lower end of a silicon-based micro-ring resonator 1 ,k 2 The coupling coefficients of a first coupling area and a second coupling area of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator are t 1 ,t 2 The transmission coefficients of a first coupling area and a second coupling area of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator are shown, alpha is loss, and theta is phase change of light in the silicon-based micro-ring resonator.
The transfer function of the combiner is:
wherein Eo is the combined light, eo 11 And Eo 12 Two input lights of the beam combiner are respectively.
Light E in download end of silicon-based micro-ring resonator drop And the light Eo in the third transmission waveguide 2 The light combined by the beam combiner is as follows:
wherein Eo is the monitoring light.
The core layer of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator is made of silicon, light is limited in the core layer, the thermo-optic coefficient of the silicon is large and is easily influenced by temperature, when the temperature of the silicon changes, the effective refractive index is closely related to the wavelength selection characteristic of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator, and when the effective refractive index changes, the characteristic of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator changes accordingly.
As shown in fig. 4, the detection circuit part of the present invention includes a photodetector, a transimpedance amplifier, a multiplier, a low-pass filter, an adder, a direct current signal generator, and a dither signal generator. The direct current signal and the jitter signal are added by the adder and then added to the heating resistor on the silicon-based micro-ring resonator through the port b, the jitter signal is a cosine signal with small amplitude, and the jitter signal changes the effective refractive index of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator according to the thermo-optical characteristic of the core silicon in the silicon-based micro-ring resonator so as to be modulated to the light in the silicon-based micro-ring resonator. After passing through the silicon-based micro-ring resonator part, the monitoring light is transmitted to the detection circuit part through the a port of the detection circuit. Monitoring light firstly enters a photoelectric detector, the photoelectric detector converts a light signal into a current signal, the current signal is converted into a voltage signal V0 after passing through a transimpedance amplifier, and the voltage signal is multiplied by an original jitter signal in a multiplier to be demodulated:
wherein, A and B respectively represent the voltage amplitude output by the trans-impedance amplifier and the voltage amplitude of the original jitter signal, wherein A contains the slope information of the monitoring light, and omega is the frequency of the jitter signal. After the output signal of the multiplier enters a low-pass filter, the higher frequency signal component is filtered out, and a direct current signal component AB/2 is left and is output from a port c of the detection circuit as a detection signal.
The present invention was simulated according to the above embodiments. Fig. 5 is a simulation curve of the output voltage V0 of the transimpedance amplifier for different input optical powers. V0 at the resonance wavelength is minimum, voltages at other wavelengths are relatively large, the waveform is symmetrical left and right, the size of V0 is related to input optical power, and the larger the input optical power is, the larger the value of V0 is correspondingly.
Fig. 6 is a simulation curve of the detection signal V1, where the detection signal V1 is approximately a slope of V0, and at the resonant wavelength, the detection signal V1 is 0, and at this time, the silicon-based micro-ring resonator works in the resonant state, and when the detection signal V1 is not equal to 0, it indicates that the silicon-based micro-ring resonator does not work in the resonant state. In addition, the detection signals V1 and V0 are in one-to-one correspondence, V1 is a feedback signal associated with the resonance wavelength, and the value of V1 can reflect the working wavelength of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator at the moment, that is, the position of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator shifted from the resonance wavelength is locked. The value of the detection signal V1 is also closely related to the input optical power, and when the input optical power increases, the value of the detection signal V1 increases accordingly.
In order to eliminate the influence of the input optical power, the detection signal V1 is divided by V0, and the simulation result is shown in fig. 7, and the simulation curves of V1/V0 are completely overlapped under different input optical powers, which shows that the result is not sensitive to the input optical power. The change curve of V1/V0 is similar to V1, when V1/V0 is equal to 0, the silicon-based micro-ring resonator works in a resonance state, and the value of V1/V0 corresponds to the working wavelength of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator one by one, so that the position of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator, which deviates from a resonance center, can be locked.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any other various products can be obtained by anyone in light of the present invention, but any changes in shape or structure thereof, which are similar or identical to the technical solution of the present invention, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A detection system for locking the offset resonance center position of a micro-ring resonator is characterized by comprising:
the micro-ring resonator device comprises an upper and lower path type silicon-based micro-ring resonator, a beam splitter, a phase shifter and a beam combiner;
the resonance formula of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator is as follows:
2πRN eff ＝mλ 0 ,m＝0,1,2,…
wherein R is the radius of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator, N eff Is an effective refractive index, λ 0 Is the resonant wavelength;
one input end of the beam splitter is connected with one end of a first transmission waveguide, two output ends of the beam splitter are respectively connected with one end of a second transmission waveguide and one end of a third transmission waveguide,
the phase shifter is arranged on the third transmission waveguide,
one input end of the beam combiner is connected with the other end of one transmission waveguide III, the other input end of the beam combiner is connected with one transmission waveguide IV, one output end of the beam combiner is connected with one end of one transmission waveguide V,
a first coupling area is formed between the silicon-based micro-ring damper and the second transmission waveguide,
a second coupling region is formed between the silicon-based micro-ring vibration absorber and the fourth transmission waveguide, the first coupling region and the second coupling region have the same structure,
the other end of the first transmission waveguide is an optical input end of the micro-ring resonator device,
the other end of the transmission waveguide II is an optical output end of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator,
one end of the transmission waveguide four opposite to the beam combiner is an optical download end of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator,
the other end of the transmission waveguide five is a monitoring light output end of the micro-ring resonator device;
the electric field component expression of the beam splitter is as follows:
where Ein is the input light in the first transmission waveguide, eo 1 ＝Eo 2 ，Eo 1 For transmitting light in the second waveguide, beta 1 Is the transmission constant of the second transmission waveguide, L 1 To transmit the length of waveguide two, eo 2 For transmitting light in waveguide III, beta 2 Is the transmission constant, L, of transmission waveguide three 2 Is the length of transmission waveguide three;
the transmission function of the download end of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator is as follows:
wherein, E drop For light, k in the download side of a silicon-based micro-ring resonator 1 ,k 2 The coupling coefficients of a first coupling area and a second coupling area of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator are t 1 ,t 2 The transmission coefficients of a first coupling area and a second coupling area of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator are shown, alpha is loss, and theta is phase change of light in the silicon-based micro-ring resonator;
the transmission function of the beam combiner is as follows:
wherein Eo is the combined light, eo 11 And Eo 12 Two inputs of the beam combiner structure are respectively;
light E in the download end of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator drop And the light Eo in the transmission waveguide III 2 The light combined by the beam combiner is as follows:
wherein Eo is monitoring light;
a detection circuit including a photodetector, a transimpedance amplifier, a multiplier, a low-pass filter, an adder, a direct-current signal generator, and a dither signal generator;
one input end of the adder is connected with one output end of the direct current signal generator, and the other input end of the adder is connected with one output end of the jitter signal generator;
one output end of the photoelectric detector is connected with one input end of the transimpedance amplifier,
an output end of the trans-impedance amplifier is connected with an input end of the multiplier,
the other output terminal of the jitter signal generator is connected with the other input terminal of the multiplier,
an output terminal of the multiplier is connected with an input terminal of the low-pass filter,
one output end of the low-pass filter is a detection signal output end of the detection circuit;
the demodulation equation of the multiplier is as follows:
a and B respectively represent the voltage amplitude output by the transimpedance amplifier and the voltage amplitude of the jitter signal, wherein A contains the slope information of monitoring light, and omega is the frequency of the jitter signal;
and one output end of the adder in the detection circuit is connected with the heating resistor of the silicon-based micro-ring resonator, and the monitoring light output end of the micro-ring resonator device is connected with one input end of a photoelectric detector in the detection circuit.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116952395A (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-27 | 安庆师范大学 | System on chip for detecting wavelength of micro-ring resonant cavity sensor and application |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116952395A (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-27 | 安庆师范大学 | System on chip for detecting wavelength of micro-ring resonant cavity sensor and application |
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