CN115986401B - Low-profile high-isolation receiving and transmitting common-port-surface dual-frequency phased array antenna - Google Patents
Low-profile high-isolation receiving and transmitting common-port-surface dual-frequency phased array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN115986401B CN115986401B CN202211659527.6A CN202211659527A CN115986401B CN 115986401 B CN115986401 B CN 115986401B CN 202211659527 A CN202211659527 A CN 202211659527A CN 115986401 B CN115986401 B CN 115986401B
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-profile high-isolation receiving and transmitting common-port-surface dual-frequency phased array antenna, which consists of a plurality of low-frequency antenna units and high-frequency antenna units which are arranged in a crossing manner; the low-frequency antenna unit comprises a low-frequency receiving antenna and a filtering component which are connected; the low-frequency receiving antenna is a microstrip antenna and at least comprises a radiator and a feed body, wherein the outer contour shape of the radiator is saw-tooth-shaped. The invention adopts various decoupling modes at the same time: the low-frequency antenna unit with the self-filtering characteristic is adopted, and the different-frequency isolation degree is improved under the condition that the height/thickness of the antenna is not increased through the cascade filtering component; the high-frequency isolation of the low-frequency receiving antenna is further improved by changing the outline shape of the radiator of the low-frequency receiving antenna into a saw-tooth shape; the isolation degree of the low frequency of the high frequency transmitting antenna is improved through the isolation wall with the coupling piece arranged at the periphery of the high frequency transmitting antenna. The invention effectively solves the problem of mutual interference caused by the difference of isolation between high and low frequency antenna units in the common-port surface antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of satellite communication antennas, in particular to a low-profile high-isolation receiving and transmitting co-aperture plane dual-frequency phased array antenna.
Background
Phased array antennas refer to antennas in which the pattern shape is changed by controlling the feed phase of radiating elements in the array antenna, and the control phase can change the direction of the maximum value of the antenna pattern so as to achieve the purpose of beam scanning. In general, a phased array antenna is formed by uniformly and sequentially arranging a plurality of antenna elements. In phased array antennas, a receiving antenna array, such as a co-planar antenna array, is disposed in the same physical port plane as a transmitting antenna array, and is an antenna array proposed for reducing the size and weight of a wireless device. In the common-port planar antenna array, the distance between the receiving antenna array and the transmitting antenna array is only one tenth or even one hundredth of that between the split-port planar antenna array, so as to reduce the mutual interference problem between the receiving and transmitting antennas, the isolation degree between the systems needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome at least one defect of the prior art, provides a low-profile high-isolation receiving and transmitting co-aperture plane dual-frequency phased array antenna, and aims to solve the problem that mutual interference between receiving and transmitting antennas is caused by low isolation between systems in the existing co-aperture plane antenna array.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
the invention provides a low-profile high-isolation receiving and transmitting common-port-surface dual-frequency phased array antenna, which consists of a plurality of low-frequency antenna units and high-frequency antenna units which are arranged in a crossing manner; the low-frequency antenna unit comprises a low-frequency receiving antenna and a filtering component which are connected; the low-frequency receiving antenna is a microstrip antenna and at least comprises a radiator and a feed body, wherein the outer contour shape of the radiator is saw-tooth-shaped.
The phased array antenna provided by the invention is a common-port plane antenna array, and the high-frequency antenna units and the low-frequency antenna units are arranged on the same physical plane in a crossed arrangement mode, so that the isolation between the high-frequency antenna units and the low-frequency antenna units is improved, and the low-frequency antenna units themselves comprise low-frequency receiving antennas and filtering components which are connected, namely the low-frequency antenna units have self-contained filtering characteristics. By cascading the filter components, the inter-frequency isolation is improved without increasing the height/thickness of the antenna. And secondly, the low-frequency receiving antenna is a microstrip antenna and is of a double-layer microstrip structure, and the low-frequency receiving antenna comprises a radiator and a feed body, wherein the outer contour shape of the radiator is in a saw-tooth shape, and the radiator in the outer contour shape is beneficial to improving the high-frequency isolation of the low-frequency receiving antenna, so that the problems of poor isolation and mutual interference caused by the close distance between high-frequency antenna units and low-frequency antenna units in the common-port surface phased array antenna are solved.
Further, the high-frequency antenna unit comprises a high-frequency transmitting antenna and a separation wall with a coupling piece; the high-frequency antenna unit and the low-frequency antenna unit are isolated by the isolation wall with the coupling piece.
The high-frequency antenna unit comprises a high-frequency transmitting antenna and a separation wall with a coupling piece, and is used for improving the low-frequency isolation degree of the high-frequency transmitting antenna and reducing the possibility of mutual interference between the high-frequency antenna unit and the low-frequency antenna unit.
Further, in the high-frequency antenna unit, the coupling-sheet-equipped partition wall surrounds the high-frequency transmitting antenna.
The high-frequency transmitting antenna is arranged in the isolation wall with the coupling piece and is surrounded by the isolation wall with the coupling piece, so that the isolation between the high-frequency transmitting antenna and the low-frequency antenna unit is further improved.
Further, the filter member is provided in a gap between the low-frequency receiving antenna and the high-frequency antenna unit, below the low-frequency receiving antenna, or on the back surface of the low-frequency receiving antenna.
The filtering component of the low-frequency antenna unit is arranged at the gap of the phased array antenna, such as the gap between the high-frequency receiving antenna and the low-frequency receiving antenna, the lower part of the low-frequency receiving antenna or the back surface of the antenna board of the low-frequency receiving antenna, and the position of the filtering component does not influence the high-frequency receiving antenna and the low-frequency receiving antenna.
Further, the filtering component is a band-stop filter of a 1/4 wavelength open circuit branch.
Further, in the low frequency receiving unit, the band-stop filter is connected to the low frequency receiving antenna through a transition structure, and the transition structure is used for converting a strip line of the band-stop filter into a microstrip line.
The low-frequency receiving antenna is a microstrip antenna, and the connection between the low-frequency receiving antenna and the band-stop filter is realized through a transition structure capable of converting a strip line into a microstrip line.
Further, the low frequency antenna units are arranged along the vertical and horizontal directions, and the high frequency antenna units are arranged along the + -45 DEG direction.
In the common-port-surface phased array antenna, low-frequency antenna units are distributed along the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and high-frequency antenna units are distributed along the +/-45-degree direction, so that the cross distribution of the high-frequency antenna units and the low-frequency antenna units is realized, and the position distribution of the antenna units of the common-port-surface phased array antenna is more compact and reasonable.
Further, the low-frequency antenna units are separated by 0.4-0.6 wavelength, and the high-frequency antenna units are separated by 0.4-0.6 wavelength.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a low-profile high-isolation receiving and transmitting co-aperture plane dual-frequency phased array antenna, which is a co-aperture plane antenna array, wherein high-frequency antenna units and low-frequency antenna units are arranged on the same physical plane in a crossed arrangement mode, and in order to improve the isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency receiving and transmitting antenna units, the invention adopts various decoupling modes at the same time: first, the low frequency antenna unit makes the unit have self-carried filtering characteristic through the filtering component connected with the low frequency receiving antenna, and the different frequency isolation degree is improved under the condition of not increasing the height/thickness of the antenna through the cascade filtering component. And secondly, the high-frequency isolation of the low-frequency receiving antenna is further improved by changing the outline shape of the radiator into a saw-tooth shape. Aiming at the high-frequency antenna unit, the low-frequency isolation degree of the high-frequency transmitting antenna is improved through the isolation wall with the coupling piece arranged at the periphery of the high-frequency transmitting antenna. According to the invention, through ingenious shape design and the addition of the filter component and the isolation wall, the problems of poor isolation and mutual interference caused by the close distance between high-frequency antenna units and low-frequency antenna units in the common-port surface phased array antenna are effectively solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall composition of a co-planar antenna array according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic layout diagram of a low frequency antenna unit 100 and a high frequency antenna unit 200 in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of specific structures of a low frequency antenna unit 100 and a high frequency antenna unit 200 in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a comparison diagram of antenna isolation curves of whether the low frequency receiving antenna 110 is connected to the filtering component 120 in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the radiator 111 with a saw-tooth shape in the outer contour of the radiator in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a comparison diagram of antenna isolation curves of whether the outer contour shape of the radiator 111 is saw-tooth shape in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a comparison diagram of antenna isolation curves of whether the outer contour shape of the radiator 111 is saw-tooth and whether the high-frequency antenna unit 200 is additionally provided with the coupling piece isolation wall 220 in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. For better illustration of the following embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a low-profile high-isolation receiving and transmitting co-aperture plane dual-frequency phased array antenna which is mainly applied to a low-orbit space satellite communication system and a satellite earth ground station receiving communication system. The dual-frequency phased array antenna provided by the embodiment is a common-port plane antenna array, i.e. the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna are distributed in the same physical port plane. In the co-aperture antenna array, the space between the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna is smaller, so that the isolation between the two antennas needs to be improved, and the problem of mutual interference between the two antennas is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, the dual-frequency phased array antenna provided in this embodiment is composed of a plurality of low-frequency antenna units 100 and a plurality of high-frequency antenna units 200, and in the co-planar antenna, the low-frequency antenna units 100 and the high-frequency antenna units 200 are arranged in a crossing manner, and the positions are compact and the intervals are smaller. The low frequency antenna unit 100 includes a low frequency receiving antenna 110, and the high frequency antenna unit 200 includes a high frequency transmitting antenna 210.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the low frequency antenna units 100 are arranged along the vertical and horizontal directions, and the high frequency antenna units 200 are arranged along the ±45° directions, so as to form a compact and reasonable crisscross arrangement.
The interval between two adjacent low-frequency antenna units 100 is a first interval, the value range of the first interval is 20 mm-50 mm, the low-frequency antenna units 100 are separated by 0.4-0.6 wavelength, the separated wavelength can be finely adjusted according to other factors in practical situations, the adjustment range is 0.4-0.6, and the low-frequency antenna units 100 are separated by 0.5 wavelength to be the optimal value.
Since the transmitting antennas 200 are arranged along the + -45 deg., the distance between two adjacent high-frequency antenna units 200 is known to be the first distance based on Pythagorean theoremThe high frequency antenna units 200 are separated by 0.4 to 0.6 wavelength, the separated wavelengths can be finely adjusted according to other factors in practical situations, the adjustment range is between 0.4 and 0.6, and the high frequency antenna units 200 are separated by 0.5 wavelength to be the optimal value.
As shown in fig. 3, the low-frequency antenna unit 100 specifically includes a low-frequency receiving antenna 110 and a filtering component 120 connected thereto, where the filtering component 120 makes the whole low-frequency antenna unit 100 have a filtering characteristic, and improves the isolation between the low-frequency receiving antenna 110 and the high-frequency transmitting antenna 210.
In a specific embodiment, the filtering component 120 is a 1/4 wavelength band reject filter with open branches. The filtering component 120 may be disposed in a gap between the low frequency receiving antenna 110 and the high frequency transmitting antenna 210, below the low frequency receiving antenna 110, or on the back of the low frequency receiving antenna 110, so as to make the low frequency antenna unit 100 have a filtering characteristic without increasing the height/thickness thereof, thereby improving the isolation between different frequencies. In a specific embodiment, in designing the rotation of the low frequency antenna unit 100 and the high frequency antenna 200, the problem that the respective filter members 120 should not overlap as much as possible should be considered.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing antenna isolation in two cases of whether the low frequency receiving antenna 110 of the low frequency antenna unit 100 is connected to the filtering part 120. As is apparent from fig. 4, when the low frequency antenna unit 100 is additionally provided with the filtering component 120 and is connected with the low frequency receiving antenna 110, the isolation of the co-planar antenna is significantly improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the low-frequency receiving antenna 110 is a microstrip antenna, and has a double-layer microstrip structure, and the side length ranges from 10mm to 20mm. The double-layer microstrip structure includes a microstrip patch radiator 111 on the top layer, and a feed 112 on the lower layer. In a specific embodiment, the lower layer of the power supply 112 is a coupled filter circularly polarized power supply to form a circularly polarized antenna. In the co-planar antenna, the low frequency receiving antenna 110 and the high frequency transmitting antenna 210 respectively realize left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization, the low frequency receiving antenna 110 may be a left-hand circular polarization antenna or a right-hand circular polarization antenna, and the high frequency transmitting antenna 210 may be a right-hand circular polarization antenna or a left-hand circular polarization antenna. In this embodiment, the low-frequency receiving antenna 110 is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna, the high-frequency transmitting antenna 210 is a left-hand circularly polarized antenna, the operating frequency band of the low-frequency receiving antenna 110 is 3-5 GHz, and the operating frequency band of the high-frequency transmitting antenna 210 is 6-8 GHz.
As shown in fig. 3, the outer contour shape of the microstrip patch radiator 111 of the top layer is in a zigzag shape, and the zigzag shape is composed of a plurality of zigzag teeth with uniform size and interval. As shown in fig. 5, the other two radiators suitable for the co-planar antenna of the present embodiment have uniform saw-tooth shapes. By designing the outer contour shape of the radiator 111 to be saw-tooth-shaped, it is advantageous to improve the high-frequency isolation of the low-frequency receiving antenna 110.
As shown in fig. 6, the isolation curves between the low-frequency antenna unit 100 and the high-frequency antenna unit 200 are shown in two cases, before the outer contour shape of the radiator 111 is not changed, the coupling lowest frequency point of the low-frequency antenna unit 100 and the high-frequency antenna unit 200 is located at the m2 point, and after the outer contour shape of the radiator 111 of the low-frequency antenna unit 100 is changed into a saw-tooth shape, the whole coupling curves of the low-frequency antenna unit 100 and the high-frequency antenna unit 200 translate towards low frequency, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the coupling degree in a specific frequency band between antennas and playing the role of improving the high-frequency isolation.
As shown in fig. 3, the low-frequency receiving antenna 110 is connected to the filtering component 120 through the power supply 112, and specifically, a transition structure 130 is further included in the low-frequency antenna unit 100, where the transition structure 130 is used to convert a strip line structure of the filtering component 120 into a microstrip line structure in the power supply 112, so that the low-frequency receiving antenna 110 is connected to the filtering component 120.
As shown in fig. 3, the high-frequency antenna unit 200 includes a high-frequency transmitting antenna 210 and a coupling-sheet-equipped partition wall 220.
The high-frequency transmitting antenna 210 is a microstrip antenna, and has a double-layer microstrip structure, and the side length range is 6 mm-15 mm. The double-layer microstrip structure includes a microstrip patch radiator 211 on the top layer, and a feed 212 on the lower layer. In a specific embodiment, the lower layer of the power supply 212 is a coupled filter circularly polarized power supply to form a circularly polarized antenna. In the co-planar antenna, the low frequency receiving antenna 110 and the high frequency transmitting antenna 210 respectively realize left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization, the low frequency receiving antenna 110 may be a left-hand circular polarization antenna or a right-hand circular polarization antenna, and the high frequency transmitting antenna 210 may be a right-hand circular polarization antenna or a left-hand circular polarization antenna.
The isolation wall 220 with coupling piece is used for isolating the high-frequency transmitting antenna 210 from the low-frequency receiving antenna 110, and improving the low-frequency isolation of the high-frequency transmitting antenna 210. In a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure high isolation between the high frequency transmitting antenna 210 and the low frequency receiving unit 110, the strip coupler partition wall 220 encloses the high frequency transmitting antenna 210, i.e., the high frequency transmitting antenna 210 is disposed within the strip coupler partition wall 220.
In a specific embodiment, the degree of coupling between the low frequency receiving antenna 110 and the high frequency transmitting antenna 210 can be adjusted and the low frequency isolation of the high frequency transmitting antenna 210 can be improved by controlling the size of the coupling sheet in the separation wall 220 with coupling sheet and the distance between the coupling sheet and the antenna floor.
As shown in fig. 6, the antenna isolation curves between the low-frequency antenna unit 100 and the high-frequency antenna unit 200 are shown as to whether the outer contour shape of the radiator 111 is changed into a zigzag shape, before the outer contour shape of the radiator 111 is not changed, the coupling lowest frequency point of the low-frequency antenna unit 100 and the high-frequency antenna unit 200 is located at the m2 point, after the outer contour shape of the radiator 111 of the low-frequency antenna unit 100 is changed into a zigzag shape, the whole coupling curves of the low-frequency antenna unit 100 and the high-frequency antenna unit 200 translate to a low frequency, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the coupling degree in a specific frequency band between antennas and playing a role of improving the high-frequency isolation.
Fig. 7 shows an antenna isolation curve in two cases, in which the common plane antenna uses a saw-tooth-shaped radiator 111 and a coupling piece isolation wall 220 is provided on the periphery of the high-frequency transmitting antenna 210. As is apparent from fig. 7, the isolation of the co-planar antenna using the saw-toothed radiator 111 is significantly improved by adding the isolation wall 220 with the coupling piece at the periphery of the high frequency transmitting antenna 210.
The embodiment provides a low-profile high-isolation receiving and transmitting co-aperture plane dual-frequency phased array antenna, which is a co-aperture plane antenna array, and a low-frequency antenna unit 100 and a high-frequency antenna unit 200 are arranged on the same physical plane in a crisscross and crossed arrangement mode, and meanwhile, the invention adopts various decoupling modes to improve the isolation between the antenna units:
1. in the low-frequency antenna unit 100, the low-frequency receiving antenna 110 is a circularly polarized antenna, and is connected to a filtering component 120, so that the whole low-frequency antenna unit 100 has a self-filtering characteristic. The mode of cascading the low-frequency receiving antenna 110 with the filtering component is adopted, so that the different-frequency isolation degree is improved under the condition that the height/thickness of the antenna is not increased;
2. in the low-frequency receiving antenna 110, the high-frequency isolation of the low-frequency receiving antenna is further improved by changing the outline shape of the radiator 111 into a uniform saw-tooth shape;
3. in the high-frequency antenna unit 200, the high-frequency transmitting antenna 210 is a circularly polarized antenna, which is surrounded by a strip-coupling-sheet partition wall 220, and the low-frequency isolation of the high-frequency transmitting antenna 210 is improved by the strip-coupling-sheet partition wall 220.
In the embodiment, under the condition of not increasing the section height of the common-port-surface antenna, the outer contour shape of the radiator of the receiving antenna is skillfully designed, and the isolation of the antenna is always improved by additionally arranging the filtering component and the isolation wall in each antenna unit, so that the problems of poor isolation and mutual interference caused by the close distance between high-frequency and low-frequency antenna units in the common-port-surface phased array antenna are effectively solved, and meanwhile, the antenna has the characteristics of very low section and stable circular polarization in dual frequency bands.
It should be understood that the foregoing examples of the present invention are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention to the specific embodiments thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. that comes within the spirit and principle of the claims of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The low-profile high-isolation receiving and transmitting common-port-surface dual-frequency phased array antenna is characterized by comprising a plurality of low-frequency antenna units and high-frequency antenna units which are arranged in a crossing manner;
the low-frequency antenna unit comprises a low-frequency receiving antenna and a filtering component which are connected;
the low-frequency receiving antenna is a microstrip antenna and at least comprises a radiator and a feed body, wherein the outer contour shape of the radiator is saw-tooth-shaped;
the high-frequency antenna unit comprises a high-frequency transmitting antenna and a separation wall with a coupling piece; the high-frequency antenna unit and the low-frequency antenna unit are isolated by the isolation wall with the coupling piece.
2. The low profile high isolation receive and transmit co-planar dual frequency phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein in the high frequency antenna elements the strip-coupler spacer surrounds the high frequency transmit antenna.
3. The low profile high isolation receive and transmit co-planar dual frequency phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein the filtering means is disposed in a gap between the low frequency receive antenna and the high frequency antenna element, below the low frequency receive antenna, or on the back of the low frequency receive antenna.
4. A low profile high isolation receive and transmit co-planar dual frequency phased array antenna of claim 3, wherein said filtering means is a 1/4 wavelength open loop stub band reject filter.
5. The low profile high isolation receive and transmit co-planar dual frequency phased array antenna of claim 4, wherein in said low frequency antenna elements said band reject filter is connected to said low frequency receive antenna by a transition structure for converting the strip line of said band reject filter to a microstrip line.
6. The low profile high isolation receive and transmit co-planar dual frequency phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein the low frequency antenna elements are arranged in vertical and horizontal directions.
7. The low profile high isolation receive and transmit co-planar dual frequency phased array antenna of claim 6, wherein said low frequency antenna elements are separated by 0.4 to 0.6 wavelengths.
8. The low profile high isolation receive and transmit co-planar dual frequency phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein the high frequency antenna elements are arranged in a ±45° direction.
9. The low profile high isolation receive and transmit co-planar dual frequency phased array antenna of claim 8, wherein said high frequency antenna elements are spaced apart by 0.4 to 0.6 wavelengths.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211659527.6A CN115986401B (en) | 2022-12-22 | 2022-12-22 | Low-profile high-isolation receiving and transmitting common-port-surface dual-frequency phased array antenna |
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| CN202211659527.6A CN115986401B (en) | 2022-12-22 | 2022-12-22 | Low-profile high-isolation receiving and transmitting common-port-surface dual-frequency phased array antenna |
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| CN115986401B true CN115986401B (en) | 2023-12-29 |
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| CN115986401A (en) | 2023-04-18 |
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